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Water-Wise Gardening Guide
Water-Wise Gardening Guide Water... every drop is precious! Watering Habits A water-wise landscape can be beautiful and it can help you save water too. Do you want to be a wiser water miser? You don’t have to pull out all your plants and start over. Lets begin by examining the way you water. It may surprise you to learn that it is not necessary to water every day. In fact, watering 2-3 times per week may be enough. The key is to water deeply, allowing water to penetrate through the soil and reach plant roots. Your Irrigation System Turn on your sprinkler system and observe. Does it water your plants or the sidewalk? Does water flow into the gutter? If so, you are applying water faster than your soil can absorb it. Turn on your drip irrigation system and observe. Are the emitters clogged? Is water flowing out of the pipe where your emitter should be? Check your emitters weekly, use a filter, and use a pressure regulator on your system. Check Your Soil For lawns–after watering, take a screwdriver and probe it into the soil. If you can push it 6 inches deep, you have watered enough. If you can’t, set your timer to water longer . Then wait a few days and check it again. When the screwdriver can’t go in as deep, it is time to water. For trees and shrubs-after watering, the soil should be wet 2-3 feet deep. If you can easily dig with a shovel, you have watered enough. -
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts
The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: The Vascular Plants of Massachusetts: A County Checklist • First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Somers Bruce Sorrie and Paul Connolly, Bryan Cullina, Melissa Dow Revision • First A County Checklist Plants of Massachusetts: Vascular The A County Checklist First Revision Melissa Dow Cullina, Bryan Connolly, Bruce Sorrie and Paul Somers Massachusetts Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program The Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program (NHESP), part of the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, is one of the programs forming the Natural Heritage network. NHESP is responsible for the conservation and protection of hundreds of species that are not hunted, fished, trapped, or commercially harvested in the state. The Program's highest priority is protecting the 176 species of vertebrate and invertebrate animals and 259 species of native plants that are officially listed as Endangered, Threatened or of Special Concern in Massachusetts. Endangered species conservation in Massachusetts depends on you! A major source of funding for the protection of rare and endangered species comes from voluntary donations on state income tax forms. Contributions go to the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Fund, which provides a portion of the operating budget for the Natural Heritage & Endangered Species Program. NHESP protects rare species through biological inventory, -
Conservation & Open Space Environment
Conservation & Open Space Environment CONSERVATION & OPEN SPACE ELEMENT INTRODUCTION Element Purpose The purpose of the Conservation & Open Space element is to promote the conservation and public use of natural resources. These planning directives should ensure that West Melbourne’s natural resources are supported and enhanced in balance with development. West Melbourne recently celebrated its 50th year as a Florida community. The character of being a small city is supported by its natural resources and open spaces. While much of the community has been developed, the undeveloped portions of the City west of Interstate 95 continue to act as a buffer between Florida’s agricultural heartland and developed Atlantic coastal communities. West Melbourne is located on the western slope of the Atlantic Coastal Ridge, very near the plateau. Elevations range from approximately 23 feet to approximately 29 feet above the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD). The climate is subtropical, characterized by warm humid summers and dry mild winters. The average annual precipitation is 50.04 inches, mostly occurring in the rainy season from June to October. The climate has allowed tropical plant species to persist under the canopy of temperate zone trees in the hardwood areas. The City’s largest public environmental resource is Erna Nixon Park. The 52-acre park is home to a variety of native animal and vegetation. There is a large private conservation area west of I-95 which is home to wetland flora and fauna. The remainder of the City does not contain notable amounts of natural features which is due in part to the City’s agrarian roots. -
Chemical Investigation of Devil's Club
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1939 Chemical investigation of devil's club Hubert William Murphy The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Murphy, Hubert William, "Chemical investigation of devil's club" (1939). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 6264. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6264 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHBMIOAL IMTESTIGATiaS Of D E W S CLDB by Hubert WlXlleoot Murphy B«8.# State UniTerslty of Montana, 1937 Presented In partial fulfillment of the re quirement for the d agree of Master of Selenee State Hhiversity of Montana 1939 Approved: 71 chairman of Boarct' of Examiners# Chairman of Coomittee on Graduate Study Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP37065 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI DiMtMUtior) PubliaNng UMI EP37065 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). -
2014 Plant Species List
Acanthaceae Hygrophila Occasional lacustris Acanthaceae Justicia ovata Uncommon Acanthaceae Ruellia humilis Common Acanthaceae Ruellia nudiflora s.n. Uncommon Acanthaceae Ruellia Occasional pedunculata Aceraceae Acer rubrum Occasional Agavaceae Yucca louisianica Uncommon Aiozaceae Molluga Occasional verticillata Alismataceae Echinodorus Occasional cordifolius Alismataceae Sagittaria Rare papillosa Alismataceae Sagittaria 156 Uncommon platyphylla Alliaceae Allium Occasional canadense var. canadense Alliaceae Allium Occasional canadense var. mobilense Alliaceae Allium 96, Uncommon drummondii 124 (Keith 96, 124) Amaranthaceae Alternanthera Common philoxeroides Amaryllidaceae Hymenocallis Uncommon liriosome Anacardiaceae Rhus aromatica Uncommon Anacardiaceae Rhus copallinum Occasional Anacardiaceae Toxicodendron Frequent radicans Apiaceae Bifora americana Common Apiaceae Centella erecta Uncommon Apiaceae Chaerophyllum Uncommon tainturieri Apiaceae Cicuta Uncommon maculatum Apiaceae Cynosciadium Uncommon digitatum Apiaceae Eryngium Common yuccifolium Apiaceae Hydrocotyle Occasional verticillata Apiaceae Polytaenia Frequent texana Apiaceae Ptilimnium Common capillaceum Apiaceae Ptilimnium Common nuttallii Apiaceae Spermolepsis Common inermis Apiaceae Torilis arvensis Occasional Apocynaceae Apocynum Occasional cannibinum Apocynaceae Nerium oleander Rare Apocynaceae Trachelospermu Occasional m difforme Aquifoliaceae Ilex decidua Common Aquifoliaceae Ilex opaca Common Aquifoliaceae Ilex vomitoria Abundant Araceae Arisaema Rare dracontium Araceae -
TAXON:Phoenix Sylvestris SCORE:5.0 RATING:Evaluate
TAXON: Phoenix sylvestris SCORE: 5.0 RATING: Evaluate Taxon: Phoenix sylvestris Family: Arecaceae Common Name(s): date sugar palm Synonym(s): Elate sylvestris L. (basionym) Indian date silver date palm wild date palm Assessor: No Assessor Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 29 Jul 2014 WRA Score: 5.0 Designation: EVALUATE Rating: Evaluate Keywords: Naturalized, Tropical Palm, Spiny, Dioecious, Bird-dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs -
Callicarpa Dichotoma 'Duet'
U.S. National Arboretum Plant Introduction Callicarpa dichotoma 'Duet' The U.S. National Arboretum, in cooperation with Tennessee Technologi- cal University, presents 'Duet', a beautyberry with stable variegated foliage. In light shade or full sun, its lovely green and yellow leaves brighten the landscape throughout the summer season. Ease of propagation and low maintenance add to its symphony of charms. 'Duet' stars as a solo planting or as a mixed border or hedge, add- ing exciting contrast to your garden palette. Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 3501 New York Ave., N.E., Washington, DC 20002 'Duet' Beautyberry Botanical Name: Callicarpa dichotoma 'Duet' (NA 72235; PI 651521) Family Verbenaceae Hardiness: USDA Zones 5-8 Development: A variegated sport of Callicarpa dichotoma 'Albifructus' was discov- ered at Tennessee Technological University in 2000 by Dr. Gary Bach- man and Mr. W. Edgar Davis. It was transferred to Dr. Sandra Reed for testing and evaluation in 2002. 'Duet' was released jointly by the U.S. National Arboretum and Tennessee Technological University on November 9, 2006. The cultivar name ‘Duet’ was registered in 2007 with the International Cultivar Registration Authority for unassigned genera. Significance: 'Duet' is the first stable variegated beautyberry. It was selected for its variegated foliage and tolerance to full sun. Like other Callicarpa, its disease and insect tolerant foliage make it an ideal plant for a low maintenance landscape. Description: Height and Width: 6 feet tall and 6.5 feet wide in 4 years. Habit: Deciduous, rounded shrub. Foliage: Medium green with distinct yellow margins. -
MASTER PLANT LIST for WOODLAND WATER-WISE MOW
MASTER PLANT LIST for WOODLAND WATEWATERR ‐WISE MOMOWW STRIPSTRIPSS Plant species included below are recommended for use in the Woodland Water‐Wise Mow Strips. See individual planting plans for design layouts, site preparation, installation and maintenance tips. SHRUBS COMMON NAME Height Width Exposure Description Botanical Name AUTUMN SAGE 3' 3' sun/part shade Small shrub with showy flowers that attract hummingbirds and beneficial insects. Many color Salvia greggii varieties flowers profusely in the spring and fall BLUE BLOSSOM (N) 3' 3' sun/part shade Best small ceanothus for Central Valley gardens; clusters of dark-violet flowers bloom in spring; Ceanothus maritimus attracts beneficial insects. Little or no pruning 'Valley Violet' required. Drought tolerant. CLEVELAND SAGE (N) 3' 3' sun/part shade Evergreen shrub produces maroon-stemmed, blue-violet flowers in spring; attracts Salvia clevelandii hummingbirds, butterflies and beneficial insects. ''WinnifredWinnifred GilmanGilman'' RemoveRemove ooldld flflowerower stastalkslks iinn summer; prune to maintain compact form. Very drought tolerant. COMPACT OREGON GRAPE 1‐3' 2‐3' part shade/shade Dark, grape-like fruits provide food for native birds; tough plant that tolerates a variety of Mahonia aquifolium garden conditions; attracts beneficial insects 'Compacta' (N) and birds. Drought tolerant. GOODWIN CREEK LAVENDER 3' 3' sun More heat resistant than English lavenders; long springi andd summer blbloom; attracts Lavendula x ginginsii hummingbirds and beneficial insects; cut back 'Goodwin Creek Grey' after flowering; drought tolerant. SPANISH LAVENDER 1.5‐3' 2‐3' sun Showiest of all the lavenders; blooming in spring; cut back to removed old flowers; attracts Lavandula stoechas butterflies and beneficial insects; drought tolerant. RED YUCCA ((N)N) 3‐4' 4 3‐ 44'sun Attractive spiky-lookingpy g leaves; ; blooms all summer long; attracts hummingbirds; very heat Hesperaloe parviflora and drought tolerant. -
ACTINIDIACEAE 1. ACTINIDIA Lindley, Nat. Syst. Bot., Ed. 2, 439
ACTINIDIACEAE 猕猴桃科 mi hou tao ke Li Jianqiang (李建强)1, Li Xinwei (李新伟)1; Djaja Djendoel Soejarto2 Trees, shrubs, or woody vines. Leaves alternate, simple, shortly or long petiolate, not stipulate. Flowers bisexual or unisexual or plants polygamous or functionally dioecious, usually fascicled, cymose, or paniculate. Sepals (2 or 3 or)5, imbricate, rarely valvate. Petals (4 or)5, sometimes more, imbricate. Stamens 10 to numerous, distinct or adnate to base of petals, hypogynous; anthers 2- celled, versatile, dehiscing by apical pores or longitudinally. Ovary superior, disk absent, locules and carpels 3–5 or more; placentation axile; ovules anatropous with a single integument, 10 or more per locule; styles as many as carpels, distinct or connate (then only one style), generally persistent. Fruit a berry or leathery capsule. Seeds not arillate, with usually large embryos and abundant endosperm. Three genera and ca. 357 species: Asia and the Americas; three genera (one endemic) and 66 species (52 endemic) in China. Economically, kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) is an important fruit, which originated in central China and is especially common along the Yangtze River (well known as yang-tao). Now, it is widely cultivated throughout the world. For additional information see the paper by X. W. Li, J. Q. Li, and D. D. Soejarto (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 45: 633–660. 2007). Liang Chou-fen, Chen Yong-chang & Wang Yu-sheng. 1984. Actinidiaceae (excluding Sladenia). In: Feng Kuo-mei, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(2): 195–301, 309–334. 1a. Trees or shrubs; flowers bisexual or plants functionally dioecious .................................................................................. 3. Saurauia 1b. -
Fossil Evidence of Initial Radiation of Cercidiphyllaceae L
УДК 561.46:551.763 Палеоботаника, 2018, Т. 9, C. 54—75 https://doi.org/10.31111/palaeobotany/2018.9.54 Palaeobotany, 2018, Vol. 9, P. 54—75 FOSSIL EVIDENCE OF INITIAL RADIATION OF CERCIDIPHYLLACEAE L. B. Golovneva, A. A. Zolina Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, [email protected] Abstract. Cercidiphyllaceae-like leaves and fruits from the Lower Cretaceous deposits of Northeastern Asia were restudied. In the result one species of Jenkinsella fruits and fi ve species of Trochodendroides leaves were recognized, including Trochodendroides potomacensis (Ward) Bell, T. buorensis Golovneva, T. sittensis Golovneva, sp. nov., T. vachrameeviana (Iljinskaja) Golovneva, comb. nov., and T. denticulata (Budantsev et Kiritchkova) Golovneva, comb. nov. Two new combinations and one new species are published. These plants had very small leaves and probably were shrubs. Fruits of Nyssidium orientale Samylina from the Barremian-Aptian Starosuchan Formation (Primorye, Russia) have no follicular characters as Jenkinsella fruits. Their affi nity, not only to Cercidiphyllum-like plants, but to angiosperms in general, is doubtful. Leaves and fruits of Cercidiphyllum sujfunense Krassilov from the lower-middle Albian Galenki Formation (Primorye) also can not be assigned to Cercidiphyllaceae. Leaves have pinnate, brochidodromous venation and are comparable with those of Asiatifolium elegans Sun, Guo et Zheng, which were recorded from the Frentsevka Formation of the Partizansk coal basin, Primorye, Russia, and from the Chengzihe Formation, Northeastern China. Thus, the fi rst reliable records of the genus Trochodendroides appear in the early-middle Albian. The relationship of these leaves with Cercidiphyllaceae is confi rmed by fi nds of associated fruits Jenkinsella fi la- tovii and by signifi cant diversity of Trochodendroides in the Late Albian-Cenomanian. -
Araliaceae – Ginseng Family
ARALIACEAE – GINSENG FAMILY Plant: some herbs (perennial), woody vines, shrubs and trees Stem: usually pithy Root: sometimes with rhizomes Leaves: simple or palmately compound but rarely 2’s or 3’s, often thickened and large, mostly alternate (rarely opposite or whorled); usually with stipules that forms a stem sheath; often with star-shaped hairs Flowers: mostly perfect or unisexual (monoecious or dioecious), regular (actinomorphic); flowers very small, mostly in umbels; sepals 5, often forming small teeth or none, mostly 5(-10) petals; mostly 5(-10) stamens; ovary inferior, 2-5 (10) fused carpels Fruit: berry or drupe, oily Other: mostly tropical and subtropical, a few oranamentals; similar to Apiaceae; Dicotyledons Group Genera: 70+ genera; locally Aralia (spikenard), Hedera (English Ivy), Oplopanax, Panax (ginseng) WARNING – family descriptions are only a layman’s guide and should not be used as definitive Araliaceae (Ginseng Family) – 5 (mostly) sepals and petals (often 5-lobed), often in umbels or compound umbels; leaves simple or more often compound; fruit a berry or drupe Examples of common genera Devil's Walkingstick [Hercules’ Club] Wild Sarsaparilla Aralia spinosa L. Aralia nudicaulis L. Devil's Club [Devil’s Walking Stick; Alaskan Ginseng] Oplopanax horridus (Sm.) Miq. English Ivy Hedera helix L. (Introduced) Dwarf Ginseng Panax trifolius L. ARALIACEAE – GINSENG FAMILY Wild Sarsaparilla; Aralia nudicaulis L. Devil's Walkingstick [Hercules’ Club]; Aralia spinosa L. English Ivy; Hedera helix L. (Introduced) Devil's Club [Devil’s -
Texas Big Tree Registry a List of the Largest Trees in Texas Sponsored by Texas a & M Forest Service
Texas Big Tree Registry A list of the largest trees in Texas Sponsored by Texas A & M Forest Service Native and Naturalized Species of Texas: 320 ( D indicates species naturalized to Texas) Common Name (also known as) Latin Name Remarks Cir. Threshold acacia, Berlandier (guajillo) Senegalia berlandieri Considered a shrub by B. Simpson 18'' or 1.5 ' acacia, blackbrush Vachellia rigidula Considered a shrub by Simpson 12'' or 1.0 ' acacia, Gregg (catclaw acacia, Gregg catclaw) Senegalia greggii var. greggii Was named A. greggii 55'' or 4.6 ' acacia, Roemer (roundflower catclaw) Senegalia roemeriana 18'' or 1.5 ' acacia, sweet (huisache) Vachellia farnesiana 100'' or 8.3 ' acacia, twisted (huisachillo) Vachellia bravoensis Was named 'A. tortuosa' 9'' or 0.8 ' acacia, Wright (Wright catclaw) Senegalia greggii var. wrightii Was named 'A. wrightii' 70'' or 5.8 ' D ailanthus (tree-of-heaven) Ailanthus altissima 120'' or 10.0 ' alder, hazel Alnus serrulata 18'' or 1.5 ' allthorn (crown-of-thorns) Koeberlinia spinosa Considered a shrub by Simpson 18'' or 1.5 ' anacahuita (anacahuite, Mexican olive) Cordia boissieri 60'' or 5.0 ' anacua (anaqua, knockaway) Ehretia anacua 120'' or 10.0 ' ash, Carolina Fraxinus caroliniana 90'' or 7.5 ' ash, Chihuahuan Fraxinus papillosa 12'' or 1.0 ' ash, fragrant Fraxinus cuspidata 18'' or 1.5 ' ash, green Fraxinus pennsylvanica 120'' or 10.0 ' ash, Gregg (littleleaf ash) Fraxinus greggii 12'' or 1.0 ' ash, Mexican (Berlandier ash) Fraxinus berlandieriana Was named 'F. berlandierana' 120'' or 10.0 ' ash, Texas Fraxinus texensis 60'' or 5.0 ' ash, velvet (Arizona ash) Fraxinus velutina 120'' or 10.0 ' ash, white Fraxinus americana 100'' or 8.3 ' aspen, quaking Populus tremuloides 25'' or 2.1 ' baccharis, eastern (groundseltree) Baccharis halimifolia Considered a shrub by Simpson 12'' or 1.0 ' baldcypress (bald cypress) Taxodium distichum Was named 'T.