RULING CODECS of VIDEO COMPRESSION and ITS FUTURE 1Dr.Manju.V.C, 2Apsara and 3Annapoorna
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Kulkarni Uta 2502M 11649.Pdf
IMPLEMENTATION OF A FAST INTER-PREDICTION MODE DECISION IN H.264/AVC VIDEO ENCODER by AMRUTA KIRAN KULKARNI Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON May 2012 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to offer my gratitude to my supervisor, Dr. K.R. Rao, who invested his precious time in me and has been a constant support throughout my thesis with his patience and profound knowledge. His motivation and enthusiasm helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis. His advising and mentoring have helped me complete my thesis. Besides my advisor, I would like to thank the rest of my thesis committee. I am also very grateful to Dr. Dongil Han for his continuous technical advice and financial support. I would like to acknowledge my research group partner, Santosh Kumar Muniyappa, for all the valuable discussions that we had together. It helped me in building confidence and motivated towards completing the thesis. Also, I thank all other lab mates and friends who helped me get through two years of graduate school. Finally, my sincere gratitude and love go to my family. They have been my role model and have always showed me right way. Last but not the least; I would like to thank my husband Amey Mahajan for his emotional and moral support. April 20, 2012 ii ABSTRACT IMPLEMENTATION OF A FAST INTER-PREDICTION MODE DECISION IN H.264/AVC VIDEO ENCODER Amruta Kulkarni, M.S The University of Texas at Arlington, 2011 Supervising Professor: K.R. -
Thumbor-Video-Engine Release 1.2.2
thumbor-video-engine Release 1.2.2 Aug 14, 2021 Contents 1 Installation 3 2 Setup 5 2.1 Contents.................................................6 2.2 License.................................................. 13 2.3 Indices and tables............................................ 13 i ii thumbor-video-engine, Release 1.2.2 thumbor-video-engine provides a thumbor engine that can read, crop, and transcode audio-less video files. It supports input and output of animated GIF, animated WebP, WebM (VP9) video, and MP4 (default H.264, but HEVC is also supported). Contents 1 thumbor-video-engine, Release 1.2.2 2 Contents CHAPTER 1 Installation pip install thumbor-video-engine Go to GitHub if you need to download or install from source, or to report any issues. 3 thumbor-video-engine, Release 1.2.2 4 Chapter 1. Installation CHAPTER 2 Setup In your thumbor configuration file, change the ENGINE setting to 'thumbor_video_engine.engines. video' to enable video support. This will allow thumbor to support video files in addition to whatever image formats it already supports. If the file passed to thumbor is an image, it will use the Engine specified by the configuration setting IMAGING_ENGINE (which defaults to 'thumbor.engines.pil'). To enable transcoding between formats, add 'thumbor_video_engine.filters.format' to your FILTERS setting. If 'thumbor.filters.format' is already present, replace it with the filter from this pack- age. ENGINE = 'thumbor_video_engine.engines.video' FILTERS = [ 'thumbor_video_engine.filters.format', 'thumbor_video_engine.filters.still', ] To enable automatic transcoding to animated gifs to webp, you can set FFMPEG_GIF_AUTO_WEBP to True. To use this feature you cannot set USE_GIFSICLE_ENGINE to True; this causes thumbor to bypass the custom ENGINE altogether. -
On Audio-Visual File Formats
On Audio-Visual File Formats Summary • digital audio and digital video • container, codec, raw data • different formats for different purposes Reto Kromer • AV Preservation by reto.ch • audio-visual data transformations Film Preservation and Restoration Hyderabad, India 8–15 December 2019 1 2 Digital Audio • sampling Digital Audio • quantisation 3 4 Sampling • 44.1 kHz • 48 kHz • 96 kHz • 192 kHz digitisation = sampling + quantisation 5 6 Quantisation • 16 bit (216 = 65 536) • 24 bit (224 = 16 777 216) • 32 bit (232 = 4 294 967 296) Digital Video 7 8 Digital Video Resolution • resolution • SD 480i / SD 576i • bit depth • HD 720p / HD 1080i • linear, power, logarithmic • 2K / HD 1080p • colour model • 4K / UHD-1 • chroma subsampling • 8K / UHD-2 • illuminant 9 10 Bit Depth Linear, Power, Logarithmic • 8 bit (28 = 256) «medium grey» • 10 bit (210 = 1 024) • linear: 18% • 12 bit (212 = 4 096) • power: 50% • 16 bit (216 = 65 536) • logarithmic: 50% • 24 bit (224 = 16 777 216) 11 12 Colour Model • XYZ, L*a*b* • RGB / R′G′B′ / CMY / C′M′Y′ • Y′IQ / Y′UV / Y′DBDR • Y′CBCR / Y′COCG • Y′PBPR 13 14 15 16 17 18 RGB24 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 11111111 00000000 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 11111111 19 20 Compression Uncompressed • uncompressed + data simpler to process • lossless compression + software runs faster • lossy compression – bigger files • chroma subsampling – slower writing, transmission and reading • born -
Tamil Flac Songs Free Download Tamil Flac Songs Free Download
tamil flac songs free download Tamil flac songs free download. Get notified on all the latest Music, Movies and TV Shows. With a unique loyalty program, the Hungama rewards you for predefined action on our platform. Accumulated coins can be redeemed to, Hungama subscriptions. You can also login to Hungama Apps(Music & Movies) with your Hungama web credentials & redeem coins to download MP3/MP4 tracks. You need to be a registered user to enjoy the benefits of Rewards Program. You are not authorised arena user. Please subscribe to Arena to play this content. [Hi-Res Audio] 30+ Free HD Music Download Sites (2021) ► Read the definitive guide to hi-res audio (HD music, HRA): Where can you download free high-resolution files (24-bit FLAC, 384 kHz/ 32 bit, DSD, DXD, MQA, Multichannel)? Where to buy it? Where are hi-res audio streamings? See our top 10 and long hi-res download site list. ► What is high definition audio capability or it’s a gimmick? What is after hi-res? What's the highest sound quality? Discover greater details of high- definition musical formats, that, maybe, never heard before. The explanation is written by Yuri Korzunov, audio software developer with 20+ years of experience in signal processing. Keep reading. Table of content (click to show). Our Top 10 Hi-Res Audio Music Websites for Free Downloads Where can I download Hi Res music for free and paid music sites? High- resolution music free and paid download sites Big detailed list of free and paid download sites Download music free online resources (additional) Download music free online resources (additional) Download music and audio resources High resolution and audiophile streaming Why does Hi Res audio need? Digital recording issues Digital Signal Processing What is after hi-res sound? How many GB is 1000 songs? Myth #1. -
Amphion Video Codecs in an AI World
Video Codecs In An AI World Dr Doug Ridge Amphion Semiconductor The Proliferance of Video in Networks • Video produces huge volumes of data • According to Cisco “By 2021 video will make up 82% of network traffic” • Equals 3.3 zetabytes of data annually • 3.3 x 1021 bytes • 3.3 billion terabytes AI Engines Overview • Example AI network types include Artificial Neural Networks, Spiking Neural Networks and Self-Organizing Feature Maps • Learning and processing are automated • Processing • AI engines designed for processing huge amounts of data quickly • High degree of parallelism • Much greater performance and significantly lower power than CPU/GPU solutions • Learning and Inference • AI ‘learns’ from masses of data presented • Data presented as Input-Desired Output or as unmarked input for self-organization • AI network can start processing once initial training takes place Typical Applications of AI • Reduce data to be sorted manually • Example application in analysis of mammograms • 99% reduction in images send for analysis by specialist • Reduction in workload resulted in huge reduction in wrong diagnoses • Aid in decision making • Example application in traffic monitoring • Identify areas of interest in imagery to focus attention • No definitive decision made by AI engine • Perform decision making independently • Example application in security video surveillance • Alerts and alarms triggered by AI analysis of behaviours in imagery • Reduction in false alarms and more attention paid to alerts by security staff Typical Video Surveillance -
(A/V Codecs) REDCODE RAW (.R3D) ARRIRAW
What is a Codec? Codec is a portmanteau of either "Compressor-Decompressor" or "Coder-Decoder," which describes a device or program capable of performing transformations on a data stream or signal. Codecs encode a stream or signal for transmission, storage or encryption and decode it for viewing or editing. Codecs are often used in videoconferencing and streaming media solutions. A video codec converts analog video signals from a video camera into digital signals for transmission. It then converts the digital signals back to analog for display. An audio codec converts analog audio signals from a microphone into digital signals for transmission. It then converts the digital signals back to analog for playing. The raw encoded form of audio and video data is often called essence, to distinguish it from the metadata information that together make up the information content of the stream and any "wrapper" data that is then added to aid access to or improve the robustness of the stream. Most codecs are lossy, in order to get a reasonably small file size. There are lossless codecs as well, but for most purposes the almost imperceptible increase in quality is not worth the considerable increase in data size. The main exception is if the data will undergo more processing in the future, in which case the repeated lossy encoding would damage the eventual quality too much. Many multimedia data streams need to contain both audio and video data, and often some form of metadata that permits synchronization of the audio and video. Each of these three streams may be handled by different programs, processes, or hardware; but for the multimedia data stream to be useful in stored or transmitted form, they must be encapsulated together in a container format. -
Ogg Audio Codec Download
Ogg audio codec download click here to download To obtain the source code, please see the xiph download page. To get set up to listen to Ogg Vorbis music, begin by selecting your operating system above. Check out the latest royalty-free audio codec from Xiph. To obtain the source code, please see the xiph download page. Ogg Vorbis is Vorbis is everywhere! Download music Music sites Donate today. Get Set Up To Listen: Windows. Playback: These DirectShow filters will let you play your Ogg Vorbis files in Windows Media Player, and other OggDropXPd: A graphical encoder for Vorbis. Download Ogg Vorbis Ogg Vorbis is a lossy audio codec which allows you to create and play Ogg Vorbis files using the command-line. The following end-user download links are provided for convenience: The www.doorway.ru DirectShow filters support playing of files encoded with Vorbis, Speex, Ogg Codecs for Windows, version , ; project page - for other. Vorbis Banner Xiph Banner. In our effort to bring Ogg: Media container. This is our native format and the recommended container for all Xiph codecs. Easy, fast, no torrents, no waiting, no surveys, % free, working www.doorway.ru Free Download Ogg Vorbis ACM Codec - A new audio compression codec. Ogg Codecs is a set of encoders and deocoders for Ogg Vorbis, Speex, Theora and FLAC. Once installed you will be able to play Vorbis. Ogg Vorbis MSACM Codec was added to www.doorway.ru by Bjarne (). Type: Freeware. Updated: Audiotags: , 0x Used to play digital music, such as MP3, VQF, AAC, and other digital audio formats. -
Opus, a Free, High-Quality Speech and Audio Codec
Opus, a free, high-quality speech and audio codec Jean-Marc Valin, Koen Vos, Timothy B. Terriberry, Gregory Maxwell 29 January 2014 Xiph.Org & Mozilla What is Opus? ● New highly-flexible speech and audio codec – Works for most audio applications ● Completely free – Royalty-free licensing – Open-source implementation ● IETF RFC 6716 (Sep. 2012) Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why a New Audio Codec? http://xkcd.com/927/ http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/standards.png Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why Should You Care? ● Best-in-class performance within a wide range of bitrates and applications ● Adaptability to varying network conditions ● Will be deployed as part of WebRTC ● No licensing costs ● No incompatible flavours Xiph.Org & Mozilla History ● Jan. 2007: SILK project started at Skype ● Nov. 2007: CELT project started ● Mar. 2009: Skype asks IETF to create a WG ● Feb. 2010: WG created ● Jul. 2010: First prototype of SILK+CELT codec ● Dec 2011: Opus surpasses Vorbis and AAC ● Sep. 2012: Opus becomes RFC 6716 ● Dec. 2013: Version 1.1 of libopus released Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2010) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN AMR-NB Wideband VoIP/videoconference AMR-WB High-quality videoconference G.719 Low-bitrate music streaming HE-AAC High-quality music streaming AAC-LC Low-delay broadcast AAC-ELD Network music performance Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2013) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN Opus Wideband VoIP/videoconference Opus High-quality videoconference Opus Low-bitrate music streaming Opus High-quality music streaming Opus Low-delay -
Encoding H.264 Video for Streaming and Progressive Download
W4: KEY ENCODING SKILLS, TECHNOLOGIES TECHNIQUES STREAMING MEDIA EAST - 2019 Jan Ozer www.streaminglearningcenter.com [email protected]/ 276-235-8542 @janozer Agenda • Introduction • Lesson 5: How to build encoding • Lesson 1: Delivering to Computers, ladder with objective quality metrics Mobile, OTT, and Smart TVs • Lesson 6: Current status of CMAF • Lesson 2: Codec review • Lesson 7: Delivering with dynamic • Lesson 3: Delivering HEVC over and static packaging HLS • Lesson 4: Per-title encoding Lesson 1: Delivering to Computers, Mobile, OTT, and Smart TVs • Computers • Mobile • OTT • Smart TVs Choosing an ABR Format for Computers • Can be DASH or HLS • Factors • Off-the-shelf player vendor (JW Player, Bitmovin, THEOPlayer, etc.) • Encoding/transcoding vendor Choosing an ABR Format for iOS • Native support (playback in the browser) • HTTP Live Streaming • Playback via an app • Any, including DASH, Smooth, HDS or RTMP Dynamic Streaming iOS Media Support Native App Codecs H.264 (High, Level 4.2), HEVC Any (Main10, Level 5 high) ABR formats HLS Any DRM FairPlay Any Captions CEA-608/708, WebVTT, IMSC1 Any HDR HDR10, DolbyVision ? http://bit.ly/hls_spec_2017 iOS Encoding Ladders H.264 HEVC http://bit.ly/hls_spec_2017 HEVC Hardware Support - iOS 3 % bit.ly/mobile_HEVC http://bit.ly/glob_med_2019 Android: Codec and ABR Format Support Codecs ABR VP8 (2.3+) • Multiple codecs and ABR H.264 (3+) HLS (3+) technologies • Serious cautions about HLS • DASH now close to 97% • HEVC VP9 (4.4+) DASH 4.4+ Via MSE • Main Profile Level 3 – mobile HEVC (5+) -
Multiple Reference Motion Compensation: a Tutorial Introduction and Survey Contents
Foundations and TrendsR in Signal Processing Vol. 2, No. 4 (2008) 247–364 c 2009 A. Leontaris, P. C. Cosman and A. M. Tourapis DOI: 10.1561/2000000019 Multiple Reference Motion Compensation: A Tutorial Introduction and Survey By Athanasios Leontaris, Pamela C. Cosman and Alexis M. Tourapis Contents 1 Introduction 248 1.1 Motion-Compensated Prediction 249 1.2 Outline 254 2 Background, Mosaic, and Library Coding 256 2.1 Background Updating and Replenishment 257 2.2 Mosaics Generated Through Global Motion Models 261 2.3 Composite Memories 264 3 Multiple Reference Frame Motion Compensation 268 3.1 A Brief Historical Perspective 268 3.2 Advantages of Multiple Reference Frames 270 3.3 Multiple Reference Frame Prediction 271 3.4 Multiple Reference Frames in Standards 277 3.5 Interpolation for Motion Compensated Prediction 281 3.6 Weighted Prediction and Multiple References 284 3.7 Scalable and Multiple-View Coding 286 4 Multihypothesis Motion-Compensated Prediction 290 4.1 Bi-Directional Prediction and Generalized Bi-Prediction 291 4.2 Overlapped Block Motion Compensation 294 4.3 Hypothesis Selection Optimization 296 4.4 Multihypothesis Prediction in the Frequency Domain 298 4.5 Theoretical Insight 298 5 Fast Multiple-Frame Motion Estimation Algorithms 301 5.1 Multiresolution and Hierarchical Search 302 5.2 Fast Search using Mathematical Inequalities 303 5.3 Motion Information Re-Use and Motion Composition 304 5.4 Simplex and Constrained Minimization 306 5.5 Zonal and Center-biased Algorithms 307 5.6 Fractional-pixel Texture Shifts or Aliasing -
The Daala Video Codec Project Next-Next Generation Video
The Daala Video Codec Project Next-next Generation Video Timothy B. Terriberry Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation ● Patents are no longer a problem for free software – We can all go home 2 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation ● Except... not quite 3 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation Carving out Exceptions in OIN (Table 0 contains one Xiph codec: FLAC) 4 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation Why This Matters ● Encumbered codecs are a billion dollar toll-tax on communications – Every cost from codecs is repeated a million fold in all multimedia software ● Codec licensing is anti-competitive – Licensing regimes are universally discriminatory – An excuse for proprietary software (Flash) ● Ignoring licensing creates risks that can show up at any time – A tax on success 5 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation The Royalty-Free Video Challenge ● Creating good codecs is hard – But we don’t need many – The best implementations of patented codecs are already free software ● Network effects decide – Where RF is established, non-free codecs see no adoption (JPEG, PNG, FLAC, …) ● RF is not enough – People care about different things – Must be better on all fronts 6 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation We Did This for Audio 7 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation The Daala Project ● Goal: Better than HEVC without infringing IPR ● Need a better strategy than “read a lot of patents” – People don’t believe you – Analysis is error-prone ● Try to stay far away from the line, but... ● One mistake can ruin years of development effort ● See: H.264 Baseline 8 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org -
IP-Soc Shanghai 2017 ALLEGRO Presentation FINAL
Building an Area-optimized Multi-format Video Encoder IP Tomi Jalonen VP Sales www.allegrodvt.com Allegro DVT Founded in 2003 Privately owned, based in Grenoble (France) Two product lines: 1) Industry de-facto standard video compliance streams Decoder syntax, performance and error resilience streams for H.264|MVC, H.265/SHVC, VP9, AVS2 and AV1 System compliance streams 2) Leading semiconductor video IP Multi-format encoder IP for H.264, H.265, VP9, JPEG Multi-format decoder IP for H.264, H.265, VP9, JPEG WiGig IEEE 802.11ad WDE CODEC IP 2 Evolution of Video Coding Standards International standards defined by standardization bodies such as ITU-T and ISO/IEC H.261 (1990) MPEG-1 (1993) H.262 / MPEG-2 (1995) H.263 (1996) MPEG-4 Part 2 (1999) H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 Part 10 (2003) H.265 / HEVC (2013) Future Video Coding (“FVC”) MPEG and ISO "Preliminary Joint Call for Evidence on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC.” (202?) Incremental improvements of transform-based & motion- compensated hybrid video coding schemes to meet the ever increasing resolution and frame rate requirements 3 Regional Video Standards SMPTE standards in the US VC-1 (2006) VC-2 (2008) China Information Industry Department standards AVS (2005) AVS+ (2012) AVS2.0 (2016) 4 Proprietary Video Formats Sorenson Spark On2 VP6, VP7 RealVideo DivX Popular in the past partly due to technical merits but mainly due to more suitable licensing schemes to a given application than standard video video formats with their patent royalties. 5 Royalty-free Video Formats Xiph.org Foundation