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Bitmovin's “Video Developer Report 2018,” MPEG MPEG VAST VAST HLS HLS DASH DASH H.264 H.264 AV1 AV1 HLS NATIVE NATIVE CMAF CMAF RTMP RTMP VP9 VP9 ANDROID ANDROID ROKU ROKU HTML5 HTML5 Video Developer MPEG VAST4.0 MPEG VAST4.0 HLS HLS DASH DASH Report 2018 H.264 H.264 AV1 AV1 NATIVE NATIVE CMAF CMAF ROKU RTMP ROKU RTMP VAST4.0 VAST4.0 VP9 VP9 ANDROID ANDROID HTML5 HTML5 DRM DRM MPEG MPEG VAST VAST DASH DASH AV1 HLS AV1 HLS NATIVE NATIVE H.264 H.264 CMAF CMAF RTMP RTMP VP9 VP9 ANDROID ANDROID ROKU ROKU MPEG VAST4.0 MPEG VAST4.0 HLS HLS DASH DASH H.264 H.264 AV1 AV1 NATIVE NATIVE CMAF CMAF ROKU ROKU Welcome to the 2018 Video Developer Report! First and foremost, I’d like to thank everyone for making the 2018 Video Developer Report possible! In its second year the report is wider both in scope and reach. With 456 survey submissions from over 67 countries, the report aims to provide a snapshot into the state of video technology in 2018, as well as a vision into what will be important in the next 12 months. This report would not be possible without the great support and participation of the video developer community. Thank you for your dedication to figuring it out. To making streaming video work despite the challenges of limited bandwidth and a fragmented consumer device landscape. We hope this report provides you with insights into what your peers are working on and the pain points that we are all experiencing. We have already learned a lot and are looking forward to the 2019 Video Developer Survey a year from now! Best Regards, StefanStefan Lederer Lederer CEO, Bitmovin Page 1 Key findings In 2018 H.264/AVC dominates video codec usage globally, used by 92% of developers in the survey. However, H.265/ HEVC has expanded rapidly, up from less than a third (28%) in 2017. AV1 is poised to accelerate, with double the planned usage rate since 2017, to 29% globally. Apple HLS and MPEG-DASH remain the dominant streaming formats in 2018 with over half of developers surveyed embracing MPEG-DASH and over 3/4 embracing HLS. Software is the most popular and fastest growing choice for video encoders, but hardware encoders continue to hold steady, declining just 3 points in the last year. HTML5 is by far the most widely used format for video and audio delivery, with 87% of providers using it today. 62% and 60% of developers are leveraging native playback on Apple iOS and Android platforms respectively. Chromecast is the current leader in TV-connected OTT streaming devices, used by 42% of survey respondents compared to 36% for Apple TV, 34% for Android TV and 23% for Roku. 50% of respondents report that achieving playback on all devices is one of the biggest problem in video technology, almost exactly the same percentage (49%) as in last year’s survey. DRM use is increasing dramatically, only 36% of developers in 2018 report not using any content protection, compared to 65% in 2017. Client side ad insertion is still the most popular choice of advertising architecture but the gap with server side ad insertion is closing - currently at 52% vs 44% respectively. Broadcast delay (latency) is the biggest problem for video developers in 2018, identified by over half of respondents (55%) globally, and almost three quarters of responents in LATAM (74%). Q1. Streaming Formats (%) shown mark changes from 2017 video developer report. 100% 82% (+4%) 80% 61% (+5%) 60% 33% 40% 27% (-4%) (+1%) 23% (-2%) 20% 9% 10% (-3%) (+4%) 0% HLS HDS CMAF RTMP MPEG-DASH Smooth Streaming Progressive Streaming Which streaming formats are you using currently? In 2018 Apple’s HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) continues to showing that the older formats in OTT Video aren’t be the industry work horse. This is a consistent pattern exiting as quickly as expected, and a “simpler” video from 2017, whereas MPEG-DASH and CMAF have also technology landscape is still beyond the horizon. gained developer support, perhaps indicating wider Progressive Streaming (non adaptive video files) is still adoption in the near future. Surprisingly Smooth used by almost a quarter of the participants, probably Streaming and Adobe HDS, both considered outdated as a fallback for older browsers! formats, are still holding steady compared to 2017, Note: The questions in the survey are multiple choice, multiple answer, and therefore will not add up to 100%. add up to will not and therefore answer, multiple choice, multiple are in the survey The questions Note: Page 3 gained at the expense of all other formats. In LATAM, InLATAM, formats. allother of gained attheexpense have HLSandMPEG-DASH America. WhileinAPAC, inNorth adoption andMPEG-CMAF MPEG-DASH in asignificantincrease see we 2017, to Compared Regional variations in streaming formats instreaming variations Regional 100% 60% 80% 40% 20% 0% 77% HLS 84% 83% 95% MPEG-DASH 59% 63% 72% 58% 32% RTMP 38% 28% Smooth Streaming 37% 26% 31% with the exception of LATAM. of theexception with perhaps theregions, similarbetween looks relatively distribution format thestreaming Overall, Streaming. isSmooth so andsurprisingly, HLS isgaininginabigway Progressive Streaming 22% 37% North America 24% 24% 24% 16% 7% EMEA HDS 9% Q1. Streaming Formats Streaming Q1. 12% 0% APAC 9% CMAF 9% LATAM 7% 0% Page 4 Page Q2. Vide o Codecs 100% 95% 92% 80% 60% 42% 40% 28% 20% 10% 11% 6% 6% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 H.264 / AVC H.265 / HEVC VP9 AV1 Which video codecs are you using currently? In 2018, the use of H.265/HEVC increased and Android devices - maintains a similar level of significantly, while H.264/AVC is still holding strong, usage. Like HEVC, it has more efficient compression indicating developers are working with both codecs than H.264, it can deliver better quality videos for simultaneously. VP9 - the high-efficiency codec to the same amount of data, or use less data while reach browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Microsoft Edge, maintaining the same visual quality. Page 5 Q2. Video Codecs Comparing the 2018 “12 months from now” predictions efficiency and potential device reach will likely make against the 12 month predictions in the 2017 report, it an appealing choice in the coming years. both HEVC and VP9 are dipping slightly, which doesn’t make a lot of sense, until you see the huge Driven by engineering teams at browser makers and spike in planned AV1 adoption, more than doubling content distributors like Google, Mozilla, Microsoft, since 2017. Facebook and others, AV1 is clearly gaining momentum. Already Firefox, Chrome and Edge Web AV1 was launched in March of 2018, as the royalty- browsers support AV1 in their early release versions, free codec from the Alliance for Open Media, which which suggests commercial applications are just some predict will take over as the codec of choice. around the corner. This explains the importance of Endorsed by all major device manufacturers, browser AV1 for a lot of developers. vendors, and content distributors, the compression Which video codecs are you planning to use in 12 months? 40% 40% 36% 35% 29% 30% 25% 20% 18% 15% 15% 14% 10% 5% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 H.265 / HEVC VP9 AV1 Page 6 Q3. Where You Encode 60% 54% 54% 50% 46% 43% 40% 38% 34% 30% 27% 24% 20% 10% 10% 7% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Hardware Software Encoder Software Encoder Cloud Encoding Managed Encoder On-Premise Cloud Service On-Premise Encoding Service Where do you encode video? The majority of the video developers in our survey, Overall the encoding infrastructure deployments report using software encoders on local on-premise appear fairly steady in overall compared to last year. machines. Hardware encoders, while slightly down We see a slow trend to move away from hardware from 2018, still remain very popular, especially for encoders towards cloud software and managed live streaming use cases. However we expect this services, both cloud and on-premise. However, the number to keep going down slowly and steadily in the regional data on the following pages paints a very coming years, as software encoders continue to gain different picture! popularity thanks to their scalability, flexibility, and rapid deployment benefits. Page 7 Regional variations in encoding deployments 60% 57% 53% 51% 50% 42% 40% 36% 34% 31% North America 30% 30% 20% 14% 10% 8% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Hardware Software Encoder Software Encoder Cloud Encoding Managed Encoder On-Premise Cloud Service On-Premise Encoding Service 80% 70% EMEA 61% 60% 52% 50% 48% 48% 40% 37% 30% 27% 23% 20% 18% 11% 10% 4% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Hardware Software Encoder Software Encoder Cloud Encoding Managed Encoder On-Premise Cloud Service On-Premise Encoding Service In 2018 we see a big pickup in cloud deployments the on-premise software that’s taking a dip, both of encoding software in North America and EMEA. indicating greater traction of video workflow Interesting that in North America the increase movement towards the cloud. is at the expense of hardware, while in EMEA it’s 60% 56% 55% 50% 50% APAC 43% 41% 40% 31% 28% 30% 25% 20% 10% 6% 5% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Hardware Software Encoder Software Encoder Cloud Encoding Managed Encoder On-Premise Cloud Service On-Premise Encoding Service 80% 70% 68% 63% LATAM 60% 58% 50% 47% 40% 32% 30% 26% 20% 11% 11% 10% 5% 5% 0% 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Hardware Software Encoder Software Encoder Cloud Encoding Managed Encoder On-Premise Cloud Service On-Premise Encoding Service Q4.
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