Efficient Multi-Codec Support for OTT Services: HEVC/H.265 And/Or AV1?
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The Interplay of Compile-Time and Run-Time Options for Performance Prediction Luc Lesoil, Mathieu Acher, Xhevahire Tërnava, Arnaud Blouin, Jean-Marc Jézéquel
The Interplay of Compile-time and Run-time Options for Performance Prediction Luc Lesoil, Mathieu Acher, Xhevahire Tërnava, Arnaud Blouin, Jean-Marc Jézéquel To cite this version: Luc Lesoil, Mathieu Acher, Xhevahire Tërnava, Arnaud Blouin, Jean-Marc Jézéquel. The Interplay of Compile-time and Run-time Options for Performance Prediction. SPLC 2021 - 25th ACM Inter- national Systems and Software Product Line Conference - Volume A, Sep 2021, Leicester, United Kingdom. pp.1-12, 10.1145/3461001.3471149. hal-03286127 HAL Id: hal-03286127 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03286127 Submitted on 15 Jul 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Interplay of Compile-time and Run-time Options for Performance Prediction Luc Lesoil, Mathieu Acher, Xhevahire Tërnava, Arnaud Blouin, Jean-Marc Jézéquel Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Inria, IRISA Rennes, France [email protected] ABSTRACT Both compile-time and run-time options can be configured to reach Many software projects are configurable through compile-time op- specific functional and performance goals. tions (e.g., using ./configure) and also through run-time options (e.g., Existing studies consider either compile-time or run-time op- command-line parameters, fed to the software at execution time). -
Screen Capture Tools to Record Online Tutorials This Document Is Made to Explain How to Use Ffmpeg and Quicktime to Record Mini Tutorials on Your Own Computer
Screen capture tools to record online tutorials This document is made to explain how to use ffmpeg and QuickTime to record mini tutorials on your own computer. FFmpeg is a cross-platform tool available for Windows, Linux and Mac. Installation and use process depends on your operating system. This info is taken from (Bellard 2016). Quicktime Player is natively installed on most of Mac computers. This tutorial focuses on Linux and Mac. Table of content 1. Introduction.......................................................................................................................................1 2. Linux.................................................................................................................................................1 2.1. FFmpeg......................................................................................................................................1 2.1.1. installation for Linux..........................................................................................................1 2.1.1.1. Add necessary components........................................................................................1 2.1.2. Screen recording with FFmpeg..........................................................................................2 2.1.2.1. List devices to know which one to record..................................................................2 2.1.2.2. Record screen and audio from your computer...........................................................3 2.2. Kazam........................................................................................................................................4 -
Opus, a Free, High-Quality Speech and Audio Codec
Opus, a free, high-quality speech and audio codec Jean-Marc Valin, Koen Vos, Timothy B. Terriberry, Gregory Maxwell 29 January 2014 Xiph.Org & Mozilla What is Opus? ● New highly-flexible speech and audio codec – Works for most audio applications ● Completely free – Royalty-free licensing – Open-source implementation ● IETF RFC 6716 (Sep. 2012) Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why a New Audio Codec? http://xkcd.com/927/ http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/standards.png Xiph.Org & Mozilla Why Should You Care? ● Best-in-class performance within a wide range of bitrates and applications ● Adaptability to varying network conditions ● Will be deployed as part of WebRTC ● No licensing costs ● No incompatible flavours Xiph.Org & Mozilla History ● Jan. 2007: SILK project started at Skype ● Nov. 2007: CELT project started ● Mar. 2009: Skype asks IETF to create a WG ● Feb. 2010: WG created ● Jul. 2010: First prototype of SILK+CELT codec ● Dec 2011: Opus surpasses Vorbis and AAC ● Sep. 2012: Opus becomes RFC 6716 ● Dec. 2013: Version 1.1 of libopus released Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2010) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN AMR-NB Wideband VoIP/videoconference AMR-WB High-quality videoconference G.719 Low-bitrate music streaming HE-AAC High-quality music streaming AAC-LC Low-delay broadcast AAC-ELD Network music performance Xiph.Org & Mozilla Applications and Standards (2013) Application Codec VoIP with PSTN Opus Wideband VoIP/videoconference Opus High-quality videoconference Opus Low-bitrate music streaming Opus High-quality music streaming Opus Low-delay -
High Efficiency, Moderate Complexity Video Codec Using Only RF IPR
Thor High Efficiency, Moderate Complexity Video Codec using only RF IPR draft-fuldseth-netvc-thor-00 Arild Fuldseth, Gisle Bjontegaard (Cisco) IETF 93 – Prague, CZ – July 2015 1 Design principles • Moderate complexity to allow real-time implementation in SW on common HW, as well as new HW designs • Basic building blocks from well-known hybrid approach (motion compensated prediction and transform coding) • Common design elements in modern codecs – Larger block sizes and transforms, up to 64x64 – Quarter pixel interpolation, motion vector prediction, etc. • Cisco RF IPR (note well: declaration filed on draft) – Deblocking, transforms, etc. (some also essential in H.265/4) • Avoid non-RF IPR – If/when others offer RF IPR, design/performance will improve 2 Encoder Architecture Input Transform Quantizer Entropy Output video Coding bitstream - Inverse Transform Intra Frame Prediction Loop filters Inter Frame Prediction Reconstructed Motion Frame Estimation Memory 3 Decoder Architecture Input Entropy Inverse Bitstream Decoding Transform Intra Frame Prediction Loop filters Inter Frame Prediction Output video Reconstructed Frame Memory 4 Block Structure • Super block (SB) 64x64 • Quad-tree split into coding blocks (CB) >= 8x8 • Multiple prediction blocks (PB) per CB • Intra: 1 PB per CB • Inter: 1, 2 (rectangular) or 4 (square) PBs per CB • 1 or 4 transform blocks (TB) per CB 5 Coding-block modes • Intra • Inter0 MV index, no residual information • Inter1 MV index, residual information • Inter2 Explicit motion vector information, residual information -
Encoding H.264 Video for Streaming and Progressive Download
W4: KEY ENCODING SKILLS, TECHNOLOGIES TECHNIQUES STREAMING MEDIA EAST - 2019 Jan Ozer www.streaminglearningcenter.com [email protected]/ 276-235-8542 @janozer Agenda • Introduction • Lesson 5: How to build encoding • Lesson 1: Delivering to Computers, ladder with objective quality metrics Mobile, OTT, and Smart TVs • Lesson 6: Current status of CMAF • Lesson 2: Codec review • Lesson 7: Delivering with dynamic • Lesson 3: Delivering HEVC over and static packaging HLS • Lesson 4: Per-title encoding Lesson 1: Delivering to Computers, Mobile, OTT, and Smart TVs • Computers • Mobile • OTT • Smart TVs Choosing an ABR Format for Computers • Can be DASH or HLS • Factors • Off-the-shelf player vendor (JW Player, Bitmovin, THEOPlayer, etc.) • Encoding/transcoding vendor Choosing an ABR Format for iOS • Native support (playback in the browser) • HTTP Live Streaming • Playback via an app • Any, including DASH, Smooth, HDS or RTMP Dynamic Streaming iOS Media Support Native App Codecs H.264 (High, Level 4.2), HEVC Any (Main10, Level 5 high) ABR formats HLS Any DRM FairPlay Any Captions CEA-608/708, WebVTT, IMSC1 Any HDR HDR10, DolbyVision ? http://bit.ly/hls_spec_2017 iOS Encoding Ladders H.264 HEVC http://bit.ly/hls_spec_2017 HEVC Hardware Support - iOS 3 % bit.ly/mobile_HEVC http://bit.ly/glob_med_2019 Android: Codec and ABR Format Support Codecs ABR VP8 (2.3+) • Multiple codecs and ABR H.264 (3+) HLS (3+) technologies • Serious cautions about HLS • DASH now close to 97% • HEVC VP9 (4.4+) DASH 4.4+ Via MSE • Main Profile Level 3 – mobile HEVC (5+) -
Arxiv:2007.15943V1 [Cs.SE] 31 Jul 2020
MUZZ: Thread-aware Grey-box Fuzzing for Effective Bug Hunting in Multithreaded Programs Hongxu Chen§† Shengjian Guo‡ Yinxing Xue§∗ Yulei Sui¶ Cen Zhang† Yuekang Li† Haijun Wang# Yang Liu† †Nanyang Technological University ‡Baidu Security ¶University of Technology Sydney §University of Science and Technology of China #Ant Financial Services Group Abstract software performance. A typical computing paradigm of mul- tithreaded programs is to accept a set of inputs, distribute Grey-box fuzz testing has revealed thousands of vulner- computing jobs to threads, and orchestrate their progress ac- abilities in real-world software owing to its lightweight cordingly. Compared to sequential programs, however, multi- instrumentation, fast coverage feedback, and dynamic adjust- threaded programs are more prone to severe software faults. ing strategies. However, directly applying grey-box fuzzing On the one hand, the non-deterministic thread-interleavings to input-dependent multithreaded programs can be extremely give rise to concurrency-bugs like data-races, deadlocks, inefficient. In practice, multithreading-relevant bugs are usu- etc [32]. These bugs may cause the program to end up with ab- ally buried in the sophisticated program flows. Meanwhile, normal results or unexpected hangs. On the other hand, bugs existing grey-box fuzzing techniques do not stress thread- that appear under specific inputs and interleavings may lead interleavings that affect execution states in multithreaded pro- to concurrency-vulnerabilities [5, 30], resulting in memory grams. Therefore, mainstream grey-box fuzzers cannot ade- corruptions, information leakage, etc. quately test problematic segments in multithreaded software, although they might obtain high code coverage statistics. There exist a line of works on detecting bugs and vulner- To this end, we propose MUZZ, a new grey-box fuzzing abilities in multithreaded programs. -
Hardware for Speech and Audio Coding
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Thesis No. 1093 Hardware for Speech and Audio Coding Mikael Olausson LiU-TEK-LIC-2004:22 Department of Electrical Engineering Linköpings universitet, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Linköping 2004 Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Thesis No. 1093 Hardware for Speech and Audio Coding Mikael Olausson LiU-TEK-LIC-2004:22 Department of Electrical Engineering Linköpings universitet, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden Linköping 2004 ISBN 91-7373-953-7 ISSN 0280-7971 ii Abstract While the Micro Processors (MPUs) as a general purpose CPU are converging (into Intel Pentium), the DSP processors are diverging. In 1995, approximately 50% of the DSP processors on the market were general purpose processors, but last year only 15% were general purpose DSP processors on the market. The reason general purpose DSP processors fall short to the application specific DSP processors is that most users want to achieve highest performance under mini- mized power consumption and minimized silicon costs. Therefore, a DSP proces- sor must be an Application Specific Instruction set Processor (ASIP) for a group of domain specific applications. An essential feature of the ASIP is its functional acceleration on instruction level, which gives the specific instruction set architecture for a group of appli- cations. Hardware acceleration for digital signal processing in DSP processors is essential to enhance the performance while keeping enough flexibility. In the last 20 years, researchers and DSP semiconductor companies have been working on different kinds of accelerations for digital signal processing. The trade-off be- tween the performance and the flexibility is always an interesting question because all DSP algorithms are "application specific"; the acceleration for audio may not be suitable for the acceleration of baseband signal processing. -
The Daala Video Codec Project Next-Next Generation Video
The Daala Video Codec Project Next-next Generation Video Timothy B. Terriberry Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation ● Patents are no longer a problem for free software – We can all go home 2 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation ● Except... not quite 3 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation Carving out Exceptions in OIN (Table 0 contains one Xiph codec: FLAC) 4 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation Why This Matters ● Encumbered codecs are a billion dollar toll-tax on communications – Every cost from codecs is repeated a million fold in all multimedia software ● Codec licensing is anti-competitive – Licensing regimes are universally discriminatory – An excuse for proprietary software (Flash) ● Ignoring licensing creates risks that can show up at any time – A tax on success 5 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation The Royalty-Free Video Challenge ● Creating good codecs is hard – But we don’t need many – The best implementations of patented codecs are already free software ● Network effects decide – Where RF is established, non-free codecs see no adoption (JPEG, PNG, FLAC, …) ● RF is not enough – People care about different things – Must be better on all fronts 6 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation We Did This for Audio 7 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org Foundation The Daala Project ● Goal: Better than HEVC without infringing IPR ● Need a better strategy than “read a lot of patents” – People don’t believe you – Analysis is error-prone ● Try to stay far away from the line, but... ● One mistake can ruin years of development effort ● See: H.264 Baseline 8 Mozilla & The Xiph.Org -
IP-Soc Shanghai 2017 ALLEGRO Presentation FINAL
Building an Area-optimized Multi-format Video Encoder IP Tomi Jalonen VP Sales www.allegrodvt.com Allegro DVT Founded in 2003 Privately owned, based in Grenoble (France) Two product lines: 1) Industry de-facto standard video compliance streams Decoder syntax, performance and error resilience streams for H.264|MVC, H.265/SHVC, VP9, AVS2 and AV1 System compliance streams 2) Leading semiconductor video IP Multi-format encoder IP for H.264, H.265, VP9, JPEG Multi-format decoder IP for H.264, H.265, VP9, JPEG WiGig IEEE 802.11ad WDE CODEC IP 2 Evolution of Video Coding Standards International standards defined by standardization bodies such as ITU-T and ISO/IEC H.261 (1990) MPEG-1 (1993) H.262 / MPEG-2 (1995) H.263 (1996) MPEG-4 Part 2 (1999) H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 Part 10 (2003) H.265 / HEVC (2013) Future Video Coding (“FVC”) MPEG and ISO "Preliminary Joint Call for Evidence on Video Compression with Capability beyond HEVC.” (202?) Incremental improvements of transform-based & motion- compensated hybrid video coding schemes to meet the ever increasing resolution and frame rate requirements 3 Regional Video Standards SMPTE standards in the US VC-1 (2006) VC-2 (2008) China Information Industry Department standards AVS (2005) AVS+ (2012) AVS2.0 (2016) 4 Proprietary Video Formats Sorenson Spark On2 VP6, VP7 RealVideo DivX Popular in the past partly due to technical merits but mainly due to more suitable licensing schemes to a given application than standard video video formats with their patent royalties. 5 Royalty-free Video Formats Xiph.org Foundation -
PVQ Applied Outside of Daala (IETF 97 Draft)
PVQ Applied outside of Daala (IETF 97 Draft) Yushin Cho Mozilla Corporation November, 2016 Introduction ● Perceptual Vector Quantization (PVQ) – Proposed as a quantization and coefficient coding tool for NETVC – Originally developed for the Daala video codec – Does a gain-shape coding of transform coefficients ● The most distinguishing idea of PVQ is the way it references a predictor. – PVQ does not subtract the predictor from the input to produce a residual Mozilla Corporation 2 Integrating PVQ into AV1 ● Introduction of a transformed predictors both in encoder and decoder – Because PVQ references the predictor in the transform domain, instead of using a pixel-domain residual as in traditional scalar quantization ● Activity masking, the major benefit of PVQ, is not enabled yet – Encoding RDO is solely based on PSNR Mozilla Corporation 3 Traditional Architecture Input X residue Subtraction Transform T signal R predictor P + decoded X Inverse Inverse Scalar decoded R Transform Quantizer Quantizer Coefficient bitstream of Coder coded T(X) Mozilla Corporation 4 AV1 with PVQ Input X Transform T T(X) PVQ Quantizer PVQ Coefficient predictor P Transform T T(X) Coder PVQ Inverse Quantizer Inverse dequantized bitstream of decoded X Transform T(X) coded T(X) Mozilla Corporation 5 Coding Gain Change Metric AV1 --> AV1 with PVQ PSNR Y -0.17 PSNR-HVS 0.27 SSIM 0.93 MS-SSIM 0.14 CIEDE2000 -0.28 ● For the IETF test sequence set, "objective-1-fast". ● IETF and AOM for high latency encoding options are used. Mozilla Corporation 6 Speed ● Increase in total encoding time due to PVQ's search for best codepoint – PVQ's time complexity is close to O(n*n) for n coefficients, while scalar quantization has O(n) ● Compared to Daala, the search space for a RDO decision in AV1 is far larger – For the 1st frame of grandma_qcif (176x144) in intra frame mode, Daala calls PVQ 3843 times, while AV1 calls 632,520 times, that is ~165x. -
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Optimized AV1 Inter
CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE Optimized AV1 Inter Prediction using Binary classification techniques A graduate project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Software Engineering by Alex Kit Romero May 2020 The graduate project of Alex Kit Romero is approved: ____________________________________ ____________ Dr. Katya Mkrtchyan Date ____________________________________ ____________ Dr. Kyle Dewey Date ____________________________________ ____________ Dr. John J. Noga, Chair Date California State University, Northridge ii Dedication This project is dedicated to all of the Computer Science professors that I have come in contact with other the years who have inspired and encouraged me to pursue a career in computer science. The words and wisdom of these professors are what pushed me to try harder and accomplish more than I ever thought possible. I would like to give a big thanks to the open source community and my fellow cohort of computer science co-workers for always being there with answers to my numerous questions and inquiries. Without their guidance and expertise, I could not have been successful. Lastly, I would like to thank my friends and family who have supported and uplifted me throughout the years. Thank you for believing in me and always telling me to never give up. iii Table of Contents Signature Page ................................................................................................................................ ii Dedication ..................................................................................................................................... -
User Manual 19HFL5014W Contents
User Manual 19HFL5014W Contents 1 TV Tour 3 13 Help and Support 119 1.1 Professional Mode 3 13.1 Troubleshooting 119 13.2 Online Help 120 2 Setting Up 4 13.3 Support and Repair 120 2.1 Read Safety 4 2.2 TV Stand and Wall Mounting 4 14 Safety and Care 122 2.3 Tips on Placement 4 14.1 Safety 122 2.4 Power Cable 4 14.2 Screen Care 123 2.5 Antenna Cable 4 14.3 Radiation Exposure Statement 123 3 Arm mounting 6 15 Terms of Use 124 3.1 Handle 6 15.1 Terms of Use - TV 124 3.2 Arm mounting 6 16 Copyrights 125 4 Keys on TV 7 16.1 HDMI 125 16.2 Dolby Audio 125 5 Switching On and Off 8 16.3 DTS-HD (italics) 125 5.1 On or Standby 8 16.4 Wi-Fi Alliance 125 16.5 Kensington 125 6 Specifications 9 16.6 Other Trademarks 125 6.1 Environmental 9 6.2 Operating System 9 17 Disclaimer regarding services and/or software offered by third parties 126 6.3 Display Type 9 6.4 Display Input Resolution 9 Index 127 6.5 Connectivity 9 6.6 Dimensions and Weights 10 6.7 Sound 10 7 Connect Devices 11 7.1 Connect Devices 11 7.2 Receiver - Set-Top Box 12 7.3 Blu-ray Disc Player 12 7.4 Headphones 12 7.5 Game Console 13 7.6 USB Flash Drive 13 7.7 Computer 13 8 Videos, Photos and Music 15 8.1 From a USB Connection 15 8.2 Play your Videos 15 8.3 View your Photos 15 8.4 Play your Music 16 9 Games 18 9.1 Play a Game 18 10 Professional Menu App 19 10.1 About the Professional Menu App 19 10.2 Open the Professional Menu App 19 10.3 TV Channels 19 10.4 Games 19 10.5 Professional Settings 20 10.6 Google Account 20 11 Android TV Home Screen 22 11.1 About the Android TV Home Screen 22 11.2 Open the Android TV Home Screen 22 11.3 Android TV Settings 22 11.4 Connect your Android TV 25 11.5 Channels 27 11.6 Channel Installation 27 11.7 Internet 29 11.8 Software 29 12 Open Source Software 31 12.1 Open Source License 31 2 1 TV Tour 1.1 Professional Mode What you can do In Professional Mode ON, you can have access to a large number of expert settings that enable advanced control of the TV’s state or to add additional functions.