Jaarverslag 2018, Plantentuin Meise Rapport Annuel 2018, Jardin Botanique De Meise Annual Report 2018, Meise Botanic Garden Agentschap Plantentuin Meise

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Jaarverslag 2018, Plantentuin Meise Rapport Annuel 2018, Jardin Botanique De Meise Annual Report 2018, Meise Botanic Garden Agentschap Plantentuin Meise Jaarverslag 2018, Plantentuin Meise Rapport annuel 2018, Jardin botanique de Meise Annual report 2018, Meise Botanic Garden Agentschap Plantentuin Meise Jaarverslag 2018 Rapport annuel Annual report 4 – 5 Voorwoord Avant-propos Foreword 6 – 7 Inleiding Introduction Introduction 9 – 26 Biodiversiteit ontdekken en optekenen Découvrir et inventorier la biodiversité Discovering and recording biodiversity 27 – 30 Ecosystemen begrijpen Comprendre les écosystèmes Understanding ecosystems 31 – 38 Plantendiversiteit veiligstellen Préserver le monde végétal Safeguarding plant life 39 – 54 Ons patrimonium valoriseren Valoriser notre patrimoine Bringing our heritage to life 55 – 62 Taxonomie voor de toekomst Taxonomie pour le futur Taxonomy for the future 63 – 76 85 – 96 Inspireren en informeren Organisatie Inspirer et informer Organisation Inspiring and informing Organisation 77 – 84 97 – 119 Realiseren van state-of-the-art bezoe- De Plantentuin in cijfers kers- en onderzoeksinfrastructuur Le Jardin botanique en chiffres Développer une infrastructure de pointe Facts and fi gures pour les visiteurs et la recherche Realising state-of-the-art visitor and 120 – 124 research infrastructure Publicaties Publications Publications 126 – 128 Het Plantentuinteam L’équipe du Jardin The Garden’s team 129 – 133 Plantentuin Meise in een notendop Le Jardin botanique de Meise en quelques mots Meise Botanic Garden, a portrait Voorwoord Plantentuin Meise is een multidisciplinair insti­ tuut dat zich zowel richt tot het brede publiek als tot de onderzoeksgemeenschap. Collecties zijn de basis van onze onderzoeksactiviteiten. Het betreft levende planten, herbariumspeci­ mens, specimens op bewaarvloeistof en, in toenemende mate, DNA van planten. Herbaria bezitten miljoenen plantenspecimens die over meerdere eeuwen verzameld werden; ze zijn een ongeëvenaarde getuige van de mondiale biodiversiteit. Het klassieke revisie­onderzoek, gebaseerd op morfologische en anatomische ana­ lyses, blijft nog steeds even relevant als vroeger. Het digitaliseren van specimens en de bijhorende gegevens en het delen van deze gegevens in een internationaal overeengekomen ‘format’, opent nieuwe en zeer beloftevolle onderzoeksmoge­ lijkheden. Onze ervaring in het beheer van collecties is een stimulans geweest tot universitaire samen­ werking. Wetenschappers en collectiebeheer­ ders kunnen hun verzamelingen en de daarbij horende data delen met andere gespecialiseerde instellingen of kunnen ze geheel of gedeeltelijk la­ ten opnemen in de collecties in Meise. Instituten en onderzoekers kunnen op die manier gebruik maken van de voordelen van gespecialiseerde bewaarmogelijkheden en ervaring, waarbij onderhoud op hoog niveau gegarandeerd is. Kleine, geïsoleerde verzamelingen lopen het risico verloren te gaan. Gezamenlijke opslag en beheer is een verzekering voor de toekomst. Het versmelten van verzamelingen en bijho­ rende gegevens voor onderzoeksdoeleinden biedt voordelen voor alle partners. Internationale conventies, geratificeerd door nationale regerin­ gen, vragen een gemeenschappelijke aanpak en vragen om ‘open data’, wat de mogelijkheden en efficiëntie enkel ten goede kan komen. Onderzoekers gebruiken krachtige computer­ technieken om informatie van over de hele wereld samen te brengen. Ze ontdekken patronen en relaties die verborgen zouden blijven bij het bestuderen van individuele specimens. Op die manier krijgen we een beter inzicht in ecosys­ temen en in de steeds groeiende menselijke invloed erop. Dit soort onderzoek draagt bij tot de relevantie en bruikbaarheid van de gegevens voor de samenleving, bijvoorbeeld bij het opstel­ len van Rode Lijsten van bedreigde soorten, door inzicht te verschaffen in de biologische kwaliteit van oppervlaktewateren, door het oplijsten en monitoren van invasieve soorten. Prof. Em. Jan Rammeloo Onze onderzoeksdoelstellingen gaan hand in Voorzitter raad van bestuur hand met DNA­studies. Door het gebruik van Président du conseil d’administration DNA­gegevens kunnen onderzoekers antwoorden President Board of Directors formuleren op belangrijke vragen met betrekking tot de evolutionaire oorsprong van biodiversiteit en biogeografische patronen. Onderzoekers van Plantentuin Meise sequeneren DNA op hout­ 4 . stalen, op eetbare tropische paddenstoelen, op soorten wilde koffie en hun hybriden, op wilde bananen en op verwanten van gekweekte gewas­ sen. In een breder onderzoeksperspectief zullen next generation sequencing en sequeneren van omgevingselementen nieuwe mogelijkheden bieden om de ecologie en evolutie van planten beter te begrijpen. Avant-propos Foreword Le Jardin botanique de Meise est un institut Meise Botanic Garden is a multidisciplinary multidisciplinaire qui interagit autant avec le institute that interfaces with the wider public as grand public qu’avec les milieux scientifiques. well as the research community. Our collections Nos collections sont au centre de nos activités are at the core of our research activities. They in­ de recherche. Parmi elles, on retrouve les plantes clude living plants in the Garden, the Herbarium vivantes dans le jardin, des plantes en herbier of pressed plants and pickled specimens, and et des collections en alcool, et de plus en plus increasingly, tiny pieces of plant material stored de petits morceaux de matériel végétal stockés as DNA samples. comme échantillons d’ADN. Herbaria contain millions of plant specimens Les herbiers contiennent des millions de collected over many centuries. They are an unri­ spécimens végétaux collectés au fil des siècles. Ils valled record of Earth’s biodiversity. The class ical forment un registre incomparable de la biodiver­ revision work based on morphological and sité terrestre. L’habituel travail de révision sur la anatomical analysis of plant specimens remains base de l’analyse morphologique et anatomique as relevant as ever. However digitising specimens des spécimens végétaux demeure plus pertinent and the data on their labels, and sharing them que jamais. Cependant, la numérisation des in an internationally agreed standardised format spécimens et des données présentes sur leur opens up powerful new opportunities. étiquette, ainsi que le partage de ceux­ci dans un format standardisé à l’échelle internationale nous Our expertise in collections management has ouvrent de nouveaux horizons prometteurs. encouraged collaboration with universities. Aca­ demics have been able to merge or share their Notre expertise en matière de gestion des col­ collections, or parts of them, at Meise Botanic lections a encouragé une collaboration avec les Garden and other specialised institutes. They universités. Les universitaires ont pu fusionner benefit from our specialised storage facilities ou partager leurs collections, ou des fragments and knowledge, while securing a high level of de celles­ci, avec le Jardin botanique de Meise maintenance and accessibility. Small, isolated ainsi qu’avec d’autres institutions spécialisées. Ils collections risk being lost, so shared storage bénéficient de nos installations de stockage spé­ offers insurance. cialisées et de nos connaissances, tout en s’assu­ rant d’un haut niveau de maintenance et d’une Merging collections and combining research grande facilité d’accès. Les collections isolées de goals are beneficial for all partners. International petite taille peuvent être perdues ; le stockage conventions, ratified by national governments, partagé empêche que cela ne se produise. demand collaborative approaches and efficient and open data sharing. Meise Botanic Garden is La fusion de collections et la mise en commun at the forefront of advances in digitisation and d’objectifs de recherche sont bénéfiques pour data mining. tous les partenaires. Les conventions internatio­ nales, ratifiées par les gouvernements nationaux, Researchers can use powerful computing tech­ exigent des approches collaboratives et un niques to collate information from databased partage libre et efficace des données. Le Jardin specimens from all over the world. Patterns and botanique de Meise est à la pointe des avancées connections can be discovered that would never en matière de numérisation et d’exploration de be found from studying individual samples, lead­ données. ing to a better understanding of ecosystems and ever­growing human influences. This research Les chercheurs peuvent employer des has important societal relevance, e.g. through techniques informatiques puissantes afin de recognising and red listing species under threat, rassembler des informations sur des spécimens biological water quality studies, and understand­ répertoriés venant des quatre coins du globe. ing and documenting invasive species. Des tendances et des liens, qui n’auraient jamais été découverts en étudiant des échantillons indi­ Our biological research goes hand­in­hand viduels, peuvent être établis et permettent ainsi with DNA studies. Using DNA data, researchers une meilleure compréhension des écosystèmes are able to answer important questions on the et des influences humaines grandissantes. Cette evolutionary origins of biodiversity and biogeo­ recherche est d’une grande pertinence sociétale, graphical patterns. Scientists at Meise Botanic notamment pour la reconnaissance et la mise Garden use DNA sequencing on wood samples, sur liste rouge des espèces menacées, pour tropical edible mushrooms, wild coffee species les études sur la qualité biologique de l’eau, et and their hybrids, wild bananas and other pour la documentation et la compréhension des crop wild relatives, and many other examples espèces
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