H OH metabolites OH Article Wood Metabolomic Responses of Wild and Cultivated Grapevine to Infection with Neofusicoccum parvum, a Trunk Disease Pathogen Clément Labois 1,2 , Kim Wilhelm 2,Hélène Laloue 1,Céline Tarnus 1, Christophe Bertsch 1, Mary-Lorène Goddard 1,2,* and Julie Chong 1,* 1 Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute Alsace, 68000 Colmar, France;
[email protected] (C.L.);
[email protected] (H.L.);
[email protected] (C.T.);
[email protected] (C.B.) 2 Laboratoire d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications, Université de Haute-Alsace, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, 68093 Mulhouse cedex, France;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] (M.-L.G.);
[email protected] (J.C.); Tel.: +33-3-89-33-67-69 (M.-L.G.); +33-3-89-20-31-39 (J.C.) Received: 28 April 2020; Accepted: 30 May 2020; Published: 4 June 2020 Abstract: Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), which are associated with complex of xylem-inhabiting fungi, represent one of the major threats to vineyard sustainability currently. Botryosphaeria dieback, one of the major GTDs, is associated with wood colonization by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, especially Neofusicoccum parvum. We used GC-MS and HPLC-MS to compare the wood metabolomic responses of the susceptible Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera (V. v. subsp. vinifera) and the tolerant Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris (V. v. subsp. sylvestris) after artificial inoculation with Neofusicoccum parvum (N. parvum). N. parvum inoculation triggered major changes in both primary and specialized metabolites in the wood. In both subspecies, infection resulted in a strong decrease in sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose), whereas sugar alcohol content (mannitol and arabitol) was enhanced.