Standard Setting in High-De$Nition Television
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First-Run Smoking Presentations in U.S. Movies 1999-2006
First-Run Smoking Presentations in U.S. Movies 1999-2006 Jonathan R. Polansky Stanton Glantz, PhD CENTER FOR TOBAccO CONTROL RESEARCH AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 April 2007 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Smoking among American adults fell by half between 1950 and 2002, yet smoking on U.S. movie screens reached historic heights in 2002, topping levels observed a half century earlier.1 Tobacco’s comeback in movies has serious public health implications, because smoking on screen stimulates adolescents to start smoking,2,3 accounting for an estimated 52% of adolescent smoking initiation. Equally important, researchers have observed a dose-response relationship between teens’ exposure to on-screen smoking and smoking initiation: the greater teens’ exposure to smoking in movies, the more likely they are to start smoking. Conversely, if their exposure to smoking in movies were reduced, proportionately fewer teens would likely start smoking. To track smoking trends at the movies, previous analyses have studied the U.S. motion picture industry’s top-grossing films with the heaviest advertising support, deepest audience penetration, and highest box office earnings.4,5 This report is unique in examining the U.S. movie industry’s total output, and also in identifying smoking movies, tobacco incidents, and tobacco impressions with the companies that produced and/or distributed the films — and with their parent corporations, which claim responsibility for tobacco content choices. Examining Hollywood’s product line-up, before and after the public voted at the box office, sheds light on individual studios’ content decisions and industry-wide production patterns amenable to policy reform. -
Replacing Digital Terrestrial Television with Internet Protocol?
This is a repository copy of The short future of public broadcasting: Replacing digital terrestrial television with internet protocol?. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/94851/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Ala-Fossi, M and Lax, S orcid.org/0000-0003-3469-1594 (2016) The short future of public broadcasting: Replacing digital terrestrial television with internet protocol? International Communication Gazette, 78 (4). pp. 365-382. ISSN 1748-0485 https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048516632171 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ The Short Future of Public Broadcasting: Replacing DTT with IP? Marko Ala-Fossi & Stephen Lax School of Communication, School of Media and Communication Media and Theatre (CMT) University of Leeds 33014 University of Tampere Leeds LS2 9JT Finland UK [email protected] [email protected] Keywords: Public broadcasting, terrestrial television, switch-off, internet protocol, convergence, universal service, data traffic, spectrum scarcity, capacity crunch. -
Digital Dividend: Insights for Spectrum Decisions
Thematic reports ITUPublications Infrastructure Digital dividend: Insights for spectrum decisions International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Development Bureau Place des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland ISBN: 978-92-61-28011-6 9 7 8 9 2 6 1 2 8 0 1 1 6 Published in Switzerland Geneva, 2018 Digital dividend: insights for spectrum decisions Photo credits: Shutterstock Digital dividend: Insights for spectrum decisions Please consider the environment before printing this report. © ITU 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Foreword The rising importance of the radio spectrum in the world means that the way in which it is managed is vital for economical and societal development. As spectrum is freed up by the transition of analogue television services to digital and by the use of ever more advanced transmission and coding digital broadcasting technology, national and international spectrum decision makers are faced with the question of how to allocate the ‘digital dividend’ resulting from the spectrum efficiencies gained by this process in the frequency bands currently allocated to broadcasting. Although reallocation of spectrum is an important aspect of the transition to digital terrestrial tele- vision, there are other reasons for introducing or evolving the digital terrestrial television services. In addition to gaining spectrum efficiency, it will bringconsumer benefits(more choice and quality in television services) and industry benefits(new revenue streams and business models). By definition, the process by which the digital dividend will be allocated is closely related to the introduction or evolution of digital terrestrial television services. -
Technical Review: Wib – a New System Concept for Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT)
WiB – A New System Concept for Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) 06 March 2017 E. Stare, J.J. Giménez, P.Klenner FOREWORD The main purpose of an EBU Technical Review is to critically examine new technologies or developments in media production or distribution. All Technical Reviews are reviewed by one (or more) technical experts at the EBU or externally and by the EBU Technical Editions Manager. Responsibility for the views expressed in this article rests solely with the author(s). To access the full collection of our Technical Reviews, please see: tech.ebu.ch/publications If you are interested in submitting a topic for an EBU Technical Review, please contact: [email protected] EBU Technology & Innovation | Technical Review | 06 March 2017 2 ABSTRACT Authors: E. STARE1, J.J. GIMÉNEZ2, P. KLENNER3 A new system concept for DTT, called “WiB”, is presented, where potentially all frequencies within the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band are used on all transmitter (Tx) sites (i.e. reuse-1). Interference, especially from neighbouring transmitters operating on the same frequency and transmitting different information, is handled by a combination of a robust transmission mode, directional discrimination of the receiving antenna and interference cancellation methods. With this approach DTT may be transmitted as a single wideband signal, covering potentially the entire UHF band, from a single wideband transmitter per transmitter site. Thanks to a higher spectrum utilisation the approach allows for a dramatic reduction in fundamental power/cost and about 37 - 60% capacity increase for the same coverage compared with current DTT. High speed mobile reception as well as fine granularity local services would also be supported, without loss of capacity. -
Coverage Aspects of Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting
Coverage aspects of digital terrestrial television broadcasting C. Weck (IRT) 1. Introduction The specification for digital terrestrial television, DVB-T, offers a wide range The intention is to make terrestrial broadcasting of of potential applications: single trans- television programmes a more attractive proposi- mitter and single-frequency networks, tion to meet competition from cable and satellite prohibited channel operation, port- transmission. The new specification for digital terrestrial television, DVB-T [1], will make it pos- able reception, hierarchical trans- sible to provide television services which can hold mission, etc. The network operator their own, even when digital transmission via sat- can select technical parameters such ellite and cable is introduced. as the number of OFDM carriers, the length of guard interval, the degree of The chief advantages of terrestrial broadcasting error protection and the modulation are to be found in regional and local services method. The last two parameters in (pictures, sound and data). A further plus point particular allow the operator to reach for digital systems is the marked improvement in a compromise between the number portable reception when ordinary antennas are of programmes carried and their used. It is also possible with digital systems to transmission reliability. This raises transmit within a standard (7 or 8 MHz) television channel either (i) more programmes concurrently the question of which results, with or (ii) programmes with a higher image resolution regard to coverage, need to be (EDTV, HDTV). achieved in each case. The main applications have been As far as coverage planning is concerned, there studied at the IRT using Monte Carlo are important advantages in the design of the simulations of regular network transmitter network structure and the energy bal- ance. -
Complicated Views: Mainstream Cinema's Representation of Non
University of Southampton Research Repository Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis and, where applicable, any accompanying data are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis and the accompanying data cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content of the thesis and accompanying research data (where applicable) must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holder/s. When referring to this thesis and any accompanying data, full bibliographic details must be given, e.g. Thesis: Author (Year of Submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University Faculty or School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Data: Author (Year) Title. URI [dataset] University of Southampton Faculty of Arts and Humanities Film Studies Complicated Views: Mainstream Cinema’s Representation of Non-Cinematic Audio/Visual Technologies after Television. DOI: by Eliot W. Blades Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2020 University of Southampton Abstract Faculty of Arts and Humanities Department of Film Studies Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Complicated Views: Mainstream Cinema’s Representation of Non-Cinematic Audio/Visual Technologies after Television. by Eliot W. Blades This thesis examines a number of mainstream fiction feature films which incorporate imagery from non-cinematic moving image technologies. The period examined ranges from the era of the widespread success of television (i.e. -
Generic Code of Practice on Television Technical Standards
LC Paper No. CB(1)230/07-08(01) GENERIC CODE OF PRACTICE ON TELEVISION TECHNICAL STANDARDS BROADCASTING AUTHORITY 9 NOVEMBER 2007 Technical Standards - TV Contents 1. Preamble 3 2. I/PAL Colour Television System 4 3. M/NTSC Colour Television System 5 4. Multisound I/PAL System 6 5. Technical Quality Standards and Reliability 7 Conversion of Widescreen Programmes to 6. 9 4:3 Programmes 7. Loudness Control Limits 10 8. Digital Terrestrial Television System 12 Annex List of References 18 1 Technical Standards - TV 2 Technical Standards - TV Chapter 1 Preamble 1.1 This Code of Practice is issued by the Broadcasting Authority (BA), after consulting the Telecommunications Authority (TA), pursuant to section 3 of the Broadcasting Ordinance (Cap.562). 1.2 This Code is applicable to television programme services licensed under the Broadcasting Ordinance (Cap.562) except for a service provided to hotel rooms. 1.3 Unless otherwise approved by the BA, the signal formats of television programmes delivered on a licensed television programme service should comply with the formats, if any, specified in the statements (including statements of intention) and representations made by, or on behalf, of the licensee in its licence application. In particular, (a) Chapter 2 applies to a television programme service which employs the I/PAL Colour Television System; (b) Chapter 3 applies to a television programme service which employs the M/NTSC Colour Television System; (c) Chapter 4 applies to a television programme service which employs the Multisound I/PAL System for the audio signals; and (d) Chapter 8 applies to a television programme service which employs the Digital Terrestrial Television System. -
Build a Be4er Neplix, Win a Million Dollars?
Build a Be)er Ne,lix, Win a Million Dollars? Lester Mackey 2012 USA Science and Engineering FesDval Nelix • Rents & streams movies and TV shows • 100,000 movie Dtles • 26 million customers Recommends “Movies You’ll ♥” Recommending Movies You’ll ♥ Hated it! Loved it! Recommending Movies You’ll ♥ Recommending Movies You’ll ♥ How This Works Top Secret Now I’m Cinematch Computer Program I don’t unhappy! like this movie. Your Predicted Rang: Back at Ne,lix How can we Let’s have a improve contest! Cinematch? What should the prize be? How about $1 million? The Ne,lix Prize October 2, 2006 • Contest open to the world • 100 million movie rangs released to public • Goal: Create computer program to predict rangs • $1 Million Grand Prize for beang Cinematch accuracy by 10% • $50,000 Progress Prize for the team with the best predicDons each year 5,100 teams from 186 countries entered Dinosaur Planet David Weiss David Lin Lester Mackey Team Dinosaur Planet The Rangs • Training Set – What computer programs use to learn customer preferences – Each entry: July 5, 1999 – 100,500,000 rangs in total – 480,000 customers and 18,000 movies The Rangs: A Closer Look Highest Rated Movies The Shawshank RedempDon Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King Raiders of the Lost Ark Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers Finding Nemo The Green Mile Most Divisive Movies Fahrenheit 9/11 Napoleon Dynamite Pearl Harbor Miss Congeniality Lost in Translaon The Royal Tenenbaums How the Contest Worked • Quiz Set & Test Set – Used to evaluate accuracy of computer programs – Each entry: Rang Sept. -
Frost/Nixon L'heure De Vérité
Fiche pédagogique Frost/Nixon L'Heure de vérité Sortie en salles 18 février 2009 Film long métrage de fiction, Résumé l'animateur David Frost fait la USA/UK/France, 2008 tournée des chaînes pour leur proposer son projet. Il compte faire Fin juin 1972 éclate le scandale valoir sa réputation télévisuelle en Réalisation : Ron Howard ("The du Watergate. Durant les deux ans Angleterre pour trouver un Da Vinci Code", "The Missing", qui suivent, les révélations de deux financement qui lui permettrait de "EDtv", "Apollo 13"…) journalistes du Washington Post mettre sur pied son tournage et, conduisent le président Nixon à la surtout, de payer le cachet de Nixon Interprétes : démission. Cependant, aucun mot – la bagatelle de 600'000 dollars de Michael Sheen (David Frost), d'excuse présidentiel n'est adressé l'époque ! Le problème, c'est que Frank Langella (Richard au peuple américain. personne ne croit en ce bellâtre à la Nixon), En 1977, un animateur de TV mode, plus convaincant auprès de Kevin Bacon (Jack Brennan), britannique, David Frost, en poste ces dames que crédible dans le Oliver Platt (Bob Zelnick), dans une chaîne australienne où il genre de l'interview politique. Le Sam Rockwell (James Reston cartonne, décide de provoquer un projet ne trouve pas de financement. Jr.)… entretien en tête à tête avec l'ex- président, avec le projet de lui La petite équipe de conseillers Scénario et adaptation de sa arracher des aveux d'excuse devant politiques amateurs dont Frost propre pièce : Peter Morgan des millions d'Américains via le petit s'entoure voit d'un mauvais œil leur écran. -
List of Surveillance Feature Films
Surveillance Feature Films compiled by Dietmar Kammerer, Berlin Sources of plot descriptions and details: allmovie.com; imdb.com 1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four) UK 1956 dir: Michael Anderson. George Orwell's novel of a totalitarian future society in which a man whose daily work is rewriting history tries to rebel by falling in love. keywords: literary adaptation; dystopic future http://www.allmovie.com/work/1984-104070 http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048918/ 1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four) UK 1984 dir: Michael Radford Second adaptation of George Orwell's novel. keywords: literary adaptation; dystopic future http://www.allmovie.com/work/1984-91 http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0087803/ 23 [23 – Nichts ist wie es scheint] Germany 1998 dir: Hans-Christian Schmid The movie's plot is based on the true story of a group of young computer hackers from Hannover, Germany. In the late 1980s the orphaned Karl Koch invests his heritage in a flat and a home computer. At first he dials up to bulletin boards to discuss conspiracy theories inspired by his favorite novel, R.A. Wilson's "Illuminatus", but soon he and his friend David start breaking into government and military computers. Pepe, one of Karl's rather criminal acquaintances senses that there is money in computer cracking - he travels to east Berlin and tries to contact the KGB. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0126765/ http://www.allmovie.com/work/23-168222 keywords: conspiracy; internet; true story The Anderson Tapes USA 1971 dir: Sidney Lumet This breathlessly paced high-tech thriller stars Sean Connery as Anderson, a career criminal who's just been released from his latest prison term. -
Internationalization of the Japanese Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting System, ISDB-T from Development of the Transmission System to Its Adoption in Brazil
Internationalization of the Japanese Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting System, ISDB-T From development of the transmission system to its adoption in Brazil On June 29, 2006, the Brazilian government announced that it had chosen to use a digital terrestrial television broadcasting system based on Japanese Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting - Terrestrial (ISDB-T). This is the first time that the ISDB-T system had been chosen for Digital Terrestrial Television outside of Japan. The Brazilian government cited several reasons for choosing ISDB-T, including technical superiority, system flexibility, and promotional activities. This paper describes the development and standardization of ISDB-T in Japan and in ITU-R, as well as activities to promote the system internationally. We had thought that a multipath-proof technique would be necessary, from experience with terrestrial digital transmissions such as TELETEXT and FM multiplex broadcasting. Hence, we began studying orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) at the end of 1980's. This effort led to BST-OFDM (Band Segmented Transmission - OFDM), which is a major feature of ISDB-T. Since 1997, NHK Labs. and DTV-Lab. Co. had been studying a transmission system for digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB). We jointly proposed the transmission system as a DTTB system to ARIB. The system was approved as the Japanese DTTB system in May, 1999. NHK Labs has also been working on setting international standards in ITU-R. Since 1992, we have contributed documents for DTTB to ITU-R. ISDB-T was approved as an ITU-R recommended system for DTTB in 2000. The Digital Broadcasting Experts Group (DiBEG) was established in 1997 as an organization for international promotion of ISDB-T. -
`Melissa' Computer Virus Affects Base LAN Users
Hawaii Marine Volume 28, Number 13 April 1, 1999 Volunteer of the Year Powerlifting A-2 uo!ppg sdooj pdv B-1 `Melissa' computer virus affects base LAN users 2nd Lt. Angela C. Judge attachment contains a list of web addresses for porno- been made by base G-6. advised us to disconnect ourselves from the rest of the Base Marla officer graphic web sites. When the attachment is opened, it "The the ISMO officer has briefed base departments, world, said Nodruft. Efforts to protect Marine Corps Base Hawaii's com- executes a Microsoft Word macro that reads the recipi- unit information systems coordinators, and tenant com- All commands must ensure that heightened user puters from a computer virus that could crash mail ent's e-mail address book and sends copies of itself to mands to make sure everyone has been made aware (of awareness is emphasized at this time. The Marine servers are in full swing. those addressees, listing the recipient as the new sender, the virus)," said Gunnery Sgt. George Gagne, mainte- Corps NOC will reestablish e-mail connectivity to the The "Melissa" macro virus, which is spreading according to a general administrative message sent nance chief for base G-6. base as soon as all users have been educated and appro- throughout the world, arrives to the LAN user in the from Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet. "We are also downloading the latest virus scan soft- priate antivirus protection has been installed on work- form of an attachment sent via e-mail, said Captain "This (virus) in turn floods the mail server and ends ware from the internet to ensure our computers are pro- stations, according to Nodruft.