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Taxonomy of Janetiella Thymi (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and of the Species Formerly in Janetiella That Feed on Vitis (Vitaceae)

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Taxonomy of Janetiella Thymi (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and of the Species Formerly in Janetiella That Feed on Vitis (Vitaceae) University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory Entomology Collections, Miscellaneous 2009 Taxonomy of Janetiella thymi (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and of the Species Formerly in Janetiella That Feed on Vitis (Vitaceae) Raymond Gagne Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, c/o U. S. National Museum NHB 168, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/systentomologyusda Part of the Entomology Commons Gagne, Raymond, "Taxonomy of Janetiella thymi (Kieffer) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and of the Species Formerly in Janetiella That Feed on Vitis (Vitaceae)" (2009). USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory. 21. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/systentomologyusda/21 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology Collections, Miscellaneous at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 111(2), 2009, pp. 399–409 TAXONOMY OF JANETIELLA THYMI (KIEFFER) (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) AND OF THE SPECIES FORMERLY IN JANETIELLA THAT FEED ON VITIS (VITACEAE) RAYMOND J. GAGNE´ Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, c/o Smithsonian Institution MRC-168, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract.—The poorly known European species Janetiella thymi (Kieffer), type species of Janetiella Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is redescribed. Gall makers on grape that were formerly placed in Janetiella are shown to be distinct from that genus and transferred to Vitisiella Fedotova & Kovalev, a genus recently erected for a species on grape in Siberia. Among the distinguishing traits of Vitisiella, more fully characterized here than previously, are the closed costal vein at its juncture with R5, the deeply divided male hypoproct, and the conspicuous dorsolateral sclerites of the ovipositor. Janetiella brevicauda Felt, also redescribed, and Cecidomyia oenephila Haimhoffen, both previously placed in Janetiella, are newly combined with Vitisiella. Key Words: Holarctic, gall midges, grape, Dasineurini Janetiella Kieffer currently includes 28 fact that no redescription of that species species (Gagne´ 2004). This genus has has appeared since the original descrip- traditionally accommodated species that tion (Kieffer 1888), one that was evi- share similarities with Dasineura Ron- dently based on dry, uncleared speci- dani but differ mainly in that the tarsal mens. Details such as the number of claws are simple instead of toothed. As palpal segments, effectively used to dis- for any broadly defined genus, Janetiella criminate among genera of gall midges, shows considerable anatomical and host were omitted. Kieffer (1898) subsequently diversity (Gagne´ 1989, 2004). While implied and later stated (Kieffer 1913) constructing a new key to genera of that species of Janetiella have four-seg- Nearctic gall midges, I have found it mented palpi, but specimens of J. thymi necessary to reexamine the 13 Nearctic available to me from Sweden have only species of Janetiella and place some of three segments, unlike all other species of them elsewhere (e.g., Gagne´ 2009). One Janetiella presently assigned to the genus. apparently monophyletic group of spe- The occasion is taken here to redescribe cies associated with leaf galls on grape is and illustrate J. thymi for future reference. exemplified here by Janetiella brevicauda Janetiella brevicauda is only one of Felt. Comparing this group with the several closely related Nearctic species, European Janetiella thymi Kieffer, type described and undescribed (R. Gagne´ species of Janetiella, was hindered by the pers. obs.), that form a variety of circular or blister galls on grape leaves (Gagne´ * Accepted by David R. Smith 1989) and that share similar derived 400 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON features with the Palearctic Janetiella MATERIALS AND METHODS oenephila (Haimhoffen). Fedotova and Terminology for adult morphology in Kovalev (2003) recently described anoth- this paper follows usage in McAlpine et er grape-infesting species from Siberia al. (1981) and for larval morphology that and proposed for it a new genus, in Gagne´ (1989). Vitisiella Fedotova & Kovalev. That genus is redescribed here in more detail RESULTS AND DISCUSSION than originally and is shown to encom- Janetiella thymi (Kieffer) pass the other known species of Jane- tiella from grape leaves. Cecidomyia thymi Kieffer 1888: 100. Also commented upon here is a char- Janetiella thymi: Kieffer 1898: 23; Coquil- acter that has been little noted previously. lett 1910: 556, designated as type This is a pair of dorsolateral, elongate, species; Kieffer 1913: 59, in list spp. dermal sclerites that span the length of the following generalized generic descrip- female ninth abdominal segment and tion; Ru¨bsaamen and Hedicke 1938: presumably serve to stiffen the ovipositor. 296 (key), pl. XXVII, figs. 15–17 show- They are usually fine and subtle and not ing galls and larval sternal spatula. always apparent on cleared specimens but Adult.—Head: Eye facets circular, are especially prominent on J. brevicauda nearly contiguous on ventral 2/3 of eye, (Fig. 21). In that species and its relatives, 1 to 1 1/2 facets diameter apart on dorsal the sclerites are broadest anteriorly and third of eye, eyes separated at vertex by end posteriorly in a short elbow at the twice eye facet diameter. Antenna with base of the cerci (Fig. 22). Similar but much less conspicuous sclerites can be 12 flagellomeres in both sexes, first and seen on many other female Cecidomyiinae second connate, distal 2 or 3 in females that have protrusible ovipositors. I have more or less fused; at least first and now seen them in various other taxa, second flagellomeres of male with necks including J. thymi (Fig. 10), Dasineura about 1/2 length of node (Fig. 1); flagel- mali (Kieffer), Lasioptera solidaginis (Os- lomeres of female with necks no more ten Sacken), and Contarinia pyrivora than 1/10 length of node (Fig. 2). Frons (Riley). Solinas (1965) illustrated them with 8–10 setae and scales per side. without comment for Contarinia medica- Labellum hemisperical in frontal view, ginis Kieffer, and they are recognizable in with several setae. Palpus (Fig. 3) 3- sketches of various dasineurine species in segmented, first segment as long as wide, Sylve´n and Tasta´s-Duque (1993). Possibly second and third each twice as long as the unified ‘‘dorsal sclerite’’ of Caryomyia preceding. (Gagne´ in press) is homologous with the Thorax: Scutum with sparse setae separate sclerites. Roskam (1977) illus- laterally on anterior half and 2 longitu- trated them in detail for Semudobia dinal dorsocentral rows, latter set for skuhravae Roskam and labelled them as much of its length made up of single row part of the genital furca but to which they of setae mixed with scales anteriorly. have no connection. The sclerites are Scutellum with group of setae on each definitely dermal structures, as they are side. Anepisternum with few scales dor- visible on uncleared specimens, and they sally; anepimeron with vertical row of 5– are dorsal rather than ventral. The pres- 8 setae; pleura otherwise bare. Wing ence of these sclerites may serve little (Fig. 4): C broken at R5;R5 reaching C diagnostic purpose except when more slightly anterior to wing apex; M not prominently developed as they are in apparent; Cu forked. Acropod (Figs. 5– species of Vitisiella and Semudobia Kieffer. 6): tarsal claws untoothed; empodia VOLUME 111, NUMBER 2 401 Figs. 1–8. Janetiella thymi. 1, Male second flagellomere (ventral). 2, Female third flagellomere (ventral). 3, Palpus. 4, Wing. 5, Acropod (lateral). 6, Acropod (ventral). 7, Male terminalia, one gonopod removed (dorsal). 8, Male terminalia, one gonopod removed (ventral). 402 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON appreciably longer than claws; pulvilli row of posterior setae, scattered setae less than 1/3 as long as claws. laterally, and anterior pair of closely set Male abdomen: First through sixth trichoid sensilla. Ovipositor (Figs. 9–12) tergites with posterior margins wider moderately long, protrusible, ninth seg- than anterior, sixth tergite partially ment about 33 length of seventh tergite, divided anteromesally, each tergite with with 2 thin dorsolateral sclerites along its single row of posterior setae, few scat- length; cerci fused, ovoid, moderately tered scales, and anterior pair of trichoid dorsoventrally flattened, setulose and sensilla; seventh tergite (Fig. 13) sclero- setose, about 10 setae on distal third tized only anteriorly and laterally, with 1 peglike; hypoproct with 2 distal setae. seta on each posterolateral corner and Full-grown larva.—As illustrated in pair of anterior trichoid sensilla; eighth Ru¨bsaamen and Hedicke (1938), spatula tergite evident as 2 separate, short unremarkable for a dasineurine, with sclerites with anterior pair of trichoid moderately long shaft and two rounded sensilla the only vestiture. Second anterior lobes, the concavity between the through seventh sternites rectangular lobes of same shape as the lobes. with single row of posterior setae, Specimens examined.—The adult de- scattered setae at midlength,
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