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Home , Epigallocatechin gallate, Hydroxytyrosol

[NUTRACEUTICALS]

by Linda Milo Ohr

The Potential of

ocoa, green , grape seed, presented at the 2012 24th Scientific associated with the Dept. of , and may not taste Meeting of the International Society Preventive Cardiology at University Cgood together, but they have one of Hypertension demonstrated that of California, Davis, where research- thing in common. All have been stud- regular supplementation with ers have conducted numerous ied for their health benefits due to Resvida® from DSM clinical and in vitro studies. One clini- polyphenols that are extracted from Nutritional Products, Parsippany, cal study involving patients with them. Cocoa flavanols, N.J. (www.dsm.com/human-nutri- metabolic syndrome showed inci- , grape seed polyphenols, tion), had a positive and sustained dental blood pressure reductions apple polyphenols, and olive effect on circulatory function in averaging 12 mmHg for systolic and have been shown to obese, mildly hypertensive adults 8 mmHg for diastolic pressures. In benefit overall health, cardiovascular (DSM, 2012). Resvida is a form of another study, participants with pre- health, , and more. Here trans-resveratrol, suitable for use in hypertension took 300 mg of is a look at some of these various types of foods and dietary MegaNatural-BP once a day for two ingredients. supplements. months. Blood pressure monitoring The researchers gave 28 subjects averaged 8 mmHg lower in systolic Green tea contains the Grape Extracts 75 mg of Resvida per day for six and 5 mmHg lower in diastolic pres- polyphenol , which is said to Grape polyphenols such as resvera- weeks. The subjects who took the sure. The findings from these studies, increase fat oxidation. trol have reported cardioprotective supplement had a 23% increase in as well as the possibilities of © iStockphoto/Thinkstock effects. The results of a study Numerous research studies have evaluated the health benefits of green tea, focusing on the polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate.

vasodilator function compared to MegaNatural-BP being used not only those who took the placebo. The in supplements but also in functional extent of improvement was greater in foods and beverages, were pre- subjects who initially had poorer sented by an expert panel during a vasodilator function. A decreased presentation entitled “Beyond vasodilator response is an early bio- : A New Generation of marker for cardiovascular risk and is Grape Seed Polyphenol Extracts” at associated with obesity and the 2012 SupplySide West. The com- hypertension. pany in February 2012 announced A grape seed extract, that the fourth U.S. patent had been MegaNatural®-BP from granted for MegaNatural-BP, cover- Polyphenolics, Madera, Calif. (www. ing the process with which the polyphenolics.com), is made from a structurally unique ingredient is pro- special seed blend primarily from duced. Patents have been filed varietal white wine grapes. The worldwide and several have been seeds are extracted with hot water issued to date. and the extract is purified, concen- trated, and spray dried, which Green Tea Extracts concentrates natural grape pheno- Numerous research studies have lics into the extract. Polyphenolics evaluated the health benefits of has invested heavily in original green tea, focusing on the polyphenol research on MegaNatural-BP and is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). The pg 62 03.13 • www.ift.org [NUTRACEUTICALS]

The Potential of Polyphenols continued...

fully traceable plant sources, hydroxytyrosol continues, more com- AssuriTEA is 100% water extracted panies are offering this olive extract and is affirmed as GRAS for certain as an ingredient. CreAgri Inc., food and beverage applications. Hayward, Calif. (www.creagri.com), The ingredient is a new addition offers HIDROX®, which contains anti- to the AssuriTea portfolio of tea oxidant polyphenols, especially ingredients that provide superior hydroxytyrosol, obtained from the benefits.AssuriTEA juice of fresh, organically grown Wellbeing is an all-natural proprie- olives. HIDROX has been shown clini- tary blend of green and black , cally and biochemically to possess an which combines the complimentary anti-inflammatory activity that can antioxidant mechanisms offered by act at the cellular and tissue level. the diverse polyphenols present. CreAgri in 2012 announced its joint AssuriTEA Green is a water- venture with Sunsweet Growers Inc. extracted, 100% natural, high-quality to develop beverages that contain green tea that provides superior anti- the ingredient (CreAgri, 2012). oxidant protection and other PL Thomas & Co. Inc., healthful benefits of green tea. Morristown, N.J. (www.plthomas. Taiyo International Inc., com), offers Hytolive®, a 100% Minneapolis, Minn. (www.taiyointer- natural, solvent-free water extract of national.com), offers Sunphenon®. olive fruits. A dosage of 100 mg of The green tea ingredient, which is Hytolive powder contains the obtained from the leaf of Camellia hydroxytyrosol equivalent of 10 sinensis, is a series of highly purified olives or 1/2 liter of extra virgin polyphenols rich in natural green tea olive oil. catechins. These polyphenols have Nexira Health offers an olive been shown to have numerous bio- extract, Oil-Ola™, with a guaranteed chemical and physiological benefits, content of 3% hydroxytyrosol and an including antioxidant, antimicrobial, active dose of 150–300 mg per day. It deodorant, and thermogenic (fat- is a 100% natural olive extract pro- Scientists are studying the body of scientific evidence shows burning) activities. duced from organic agriculture that polyphenols in olives for that EGCG supports cardiovascular is a water-soluble powder suitable their anti-inflammatory Olive Hydroxytyrosol effects. health and aids weight loss by boost- for functional food and dietary © IS Stock/Valueline/Thinkstock ing metabolism and fat oxidation. Olives are an integral part of the supplements. DSM offers a pure, -free and are thought green tea extract, Teavigo®. With its to help contribute to the diet’s heart- Cocoa Flavanols high concentration of EGCG, Teavigo health benefits. Richard et al. (2011) Cocoa flavanols have been associ- is said to protect against free radical identified hydroxytyrosol as the main ated with heart health, potentially damage. The green tea extract is bioactive compound of aqueous olive benefiting and blood purified EGCG (a minimum of 94% on extracts, i.e., olive vegetation water. pressure levels. The European Food dry basis). Its reported benefits The researchers assessed the Safety Authority in 2012 issued a include overall wellbeing, enhanced effects of hydroxytyrosol on inflam- positive Scientific Opinion on Barry metabolism, and increased fat matory mediators, cytokines, and Callebaut’s health claim on cocoa oxidation. chemokines. The data indicated that flavanols (Barry Callebaut, 2012). The A proprietary formula of cate- hydroxytyrosol affects company showed that the intake of chins and ,AssuriTEA ® and chemokine production, impact- 200 mg of cocoa flavanols (provided Men’s Health from Kemin, Des ing chronic inflammatory processes by 2.5 g of high-flavanol cocoa pow- Moines, Iowa (www.kemin.com), has in endothelium or arthritis. Scientific der or 10 g of high-flavanol dark been shown to support urological research conducted during the past chocolate) positively influenced health. Backed by 15 years indicates that olive polyphe- blood circulation in the human body. results, AssuriTEA Men’s Health has nols help promote joint health and Since 2005, Barry Callebaut, been shown to safely and effectively cardiovascular wellness, and are Zurich, Switzerland (www.barry-cal- manage urinary conditions and dis- being studied for their ability to sup- lebaut.com), has carried out more comfort associated with aging port healthy colon, brain, skin, and than 20 human clinical studies exam- (Kemin, 2012). Comprised of a blend immune functions. ining various impacts of cocoa of green and varieties from As the research on olive flavanols on the human body. For pg 64 03.13 • www.ift.org these studies, the company used cocoa powder and chocolate products made through its own developed ACTICOA® process that produces high-flavanol cocoa products. The company succeeded in main- The cocoa flavanols found in CocoaVia cocoa extract taining up to 80% of the cocoa flavanols, which are said to have heart would be destroyed for the most part during the con- PubFibregum4,5''x7,5''.pdf 1health 25/02/13 benefits. 16:48 ventional chocolate-making process. Photo courtesy of Mars Inc. Mars Inc., Rockville, Md. (www.mars.com, www.marscocoascience.com, www.healthycocoa. com), perfected and patented a process known as Cocoapro®, which extracts the cocoa flavanols from the cocoa bean, preserving and protecting them. CocoaVia®, a daily cocoa extract supplement, is made using the patented Cocoapro process that not only extracts the cocoa flavanols directly from the seed of the cocoa fruit, but preserves them in the highest concentration available. In collaboration with some of the world’s lead- ing scientific institutes, Mars has been pursuing extensive research to advance the understanding of cocoa flavanols for more than 20 years. Scientists have learned that cocoa flavanols can positively influence the body’s vascular system and have demonstrated that cocoa flavanols can help keep blood vessels healthy and support healthy circulation. Desideri et al. (2012) conducted a double-blind, parallel arm study of 90 elderly subjects with mild C cognitive impairment randomized to consume a M drink containing approximately 990 mg (high flava-J nols), approximately 520 mg (intermediate flavanols), or approximately 45 mg (low flavanols)CM of cocoa flavanols once a day for eight weeks. The MJ results showed that regular consumption of cocoa CJ flavanols might be effective in improving cognitive function in elderly subjects with mild cognitive CMJ impairment. This effect appears mediated in part byN an improvement in sensitivity.

Apple Polyphenols Polyphenols derived from have been shown to affect exercise and cardiovascular health. Zhao et al. (2012) indicated that intake of apple polyphe- nols in the form of VitaRed™ apple extract from FutureCeuticals, Momence, Ill. (www.futureceuti- cals.com), decreased plasma values of oxidized low-density lipoprotein/beta2-glycoprotein I com- plex, an atherosclerosis risk factor. The study, which lasted 30 days, involved healthy, non-smok- ing males and females, aged 40–60 years. The subjects consumed an equal mixture of red deli- cious and golden delicious apples (N=16), VitaRed apple extract 70% apple polyphenols [257 mg serv- ing in 2 capsules equivalent to 194 mg apple polyphenols (N=17; blind)], or a placebo [gelatin in 2 capsules (N=18; blind)] per day. The subjects who

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took the apples and those who took apple and grape polyphenols, increase in time before reaching VitaRed had significant reductions in ViNitrox™, from Nexira Health, fatigue barrier (Nexira, 2012). plasma levels of oxidized low-density Somerville, N.J. (www.nexira.com), ViNitrox is designed for use in tablets, lipoprotein/beta2-glycoprotein I exhibits properties that increase capsules, and gels. FT complex, 40% and 21% respectively, nitric oxide production and enhance while those in the placebo group aerobic muscular metabolism. A Linda Milo Ohr, experienced no significant study showed that 500 mg of ViNitrox Contributing Editor, Denver, Colo. difference. taken daily resulted in a 10% increase • [email protected] A proprietary combination of in physical training time and a 13%

REFERENCES Barry Callebaut. 2012. EFSA issues positive cocoa flavanol consumption in elderly sub- Health, Somerville, N.J. Scientific Opinion on Barry Callebaut’s jects with mild cognitive impairment. Richard, N., Arnold, S., Hoeller, U., health claim on cocoa flavanols. First offi- Hypertension 60: 794-801. Kilpert, C., Wertz, K., and Schwager, J. cial validation of positive effect of cocoa DSM. 2012. DSM Resvida® resveratrol— 2011. Hydroxytyrosol is the major anti- flavanols. Press release, July 17. Barry New study confirms sustained vascular inflammatory compound in aqueous olive Callebaut, Zurich, Switzerland. benefits. Press release, Oct. 3. DSM extracts and impairs cytokine and chemo- CreAgri. 2012. CreAgri and Sunsweet Nutritional Products, Parsippany, N.J. kine production in macrophages. Planta Growers announce venture to develop ® Med. 77(17): 1890-1897. ® Kemin. 2012. Kemin launches AssuriTEA HIDROX based beverages. Press release, Men’s Health to promote healthy prostate, Zhao, S., Bomser, J., Joseph, E.L., and Sept. 19. CreAgri Inc., Hayward, Calif. bladder and urinary function. Press release, DiSilvestro, R.A. 2012. Intakes of apples Desideri, G., Kwik-Uribe, C., Grassi, D., Oct. 30. Kemin, Des Moines, Iowa. or apple polyphenols decrease plasma val- Necozione, S., Ghiadoni, L., Mastroiacovo, Nexira. 2012. Nexira Health presents the ues for oxidized low-density lipoprotein/ D., Raffaele, A., Ferri, L., Bocale, R., results of a recent clinical study of beta2-glycoprotein I complex. J. Lechiara, M.C., Marini, C., and Ferri, C. ViNitrox™, a natural ingredient for sports Functional Foods First published online 2012. Benefits in cognitive function, blood nutrition. Press release, Oct. 29. Nexira Sept. 29, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. pressure, and insulin resistance through jff.2012.08.010.

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