Compilation of U.S. Tundra Biome Journal and Symposium Publications
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Robert C. Rhew Dept
Curriculum vitae: June, 2016 Robert Rhew, UC Berkeley Robert C. Rhew Dept. of Geography / Dept. of Environmental Science, Policy and Management Lab: (510) 643-6984 University of California, Berkeley Facsimile: (510) 642-3370 Berkeley, CA 94720-4740 E-mail: [email protected] EDUCATION 1992 B.A. Earth & Planetary Sciences (Atmospheres and Oceans) Harvard University Magna cum laUde with highest honors Cambridge, MA 1994 Graduate Diploma. Resource & Env’t Management Australian National University Diploma with Distinction Canberra, ACT 2001 Ph.D. Earth Sciences (Geochemistry) Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD Thesis title: Production and Consumption of Methyl Bromide and Methyl La Jolla, CA Chloride by the Terrestrial Biosphere ACADEMIC EMPLOYMENT 2012 – present Associate Professor, Dept. Envt. Science, Policy & Mgt. University of California, Berkeley 2009 – present Associate Professor, Department of Geography University of California, Berkeley 2006 – present Geological Scientist Faculty, Earth Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, CA 2013 – 2014 Visiting Faculty Fellow, National Center for Atmospheric Research NCAR, Boulder, CO 2013 – 2014 CIRES Visiting Fellow, NOAA/ CIRES University of Colorado, Boulder 2003 – 2009 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography University of California, Berkeley 2001 – 2003 Postdoctoral Researcher, Earth System Science University of California, Irvine UCAR/NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship, Host: Prof. Eric Saltzman Other appointments: Affiliate faculty in Energy -
Reduced Net Methane Emissions Due to Microbial Methane Oxidation in a Warmer Arctic
LETTERS https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0734-z Reduced net methane emissions due to microbial methane oxidation in a warmer Arctic Youmi Oh 1, Qianlai Zhuang 1,2,3 ✉ , Licheng Liu1, Lisa R. Welp 1,2, Maggie C. Y. Lau4,9, Tullis C. Onstott4, David Medvigy 5, Lori Bruhwiler6, Edward J. Dlugokencky6, Gustaf Hugelius 7, Ludovica D’Imperio8 and Bo Elberling 8 Methane emissions from organic-rich soils in the Arctic have bacteria (methanotrophs) and the remainder is mostly emitted into been extensively studied due to their potential to increase the atmosphere (Fig. 1a). The methanotrophs in these wet organic the atmospheric methane burden as permafrost thaws1–3. soils may be low-affinity methanotrophs (LAMs) that require However, this methane source might have been overestimated >600 ppm of methane (by moles) for their growth and mainte- without considering high-affinity methanotrophs (HAMs; nance23. But in dry mineral soils, the dominant methanotrophs are methane-oxidizing bacteria) recently identified in Arctic min- high-affinity methanotrophs (HAMs), which can survive and grow 4–7 eral soils . Herein we find that integrating the dynamics of at a level of atmospheric methane abundance ([CH4]atm) of about HAMs and methanogens into a biogeochemistry model8–10 1.8 ppm (Fig. 1b)24. that includes permafrost soil organic carbon dynamics3 leads Quantification of the previously underestimated HAM-driven −1 to the upland methane sink doubling (~5.5 Tg CH4 yr ) north of methane sink is needed to improve our understanding of Arctic 50 °N in simulations from 2000–2016. The increase is equiva- methane budgets. -
Alpine Tundra
National Park Rocky Mountain Colorado National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Alpine Tundra WHAT IS ALPINE TUNDRA? Where mountaintops rise Arctic tundra occurs around like islands above a sea of the north pole. Alpine tundra trees lies the world of the crowns mountains that alpine tundra. John Muir reach above treeline. called it "a land of deso ...a world by itself lation covered with beautiful Rocky Mountain National in the sky. light." Yet this light shines Park is recognized world on a tapestry of living detail. wide as a Biosphere Reserve —Enos Mills Tundra lands too cold for because of the beauty and trees support over 200 kinds research value of its alpine of plants, as well as animals wild lands. Alpine tundra is from bighorn to butterflies. a sensitive indicator of such climatic changes as global Tundra is a Russian word for warming and acid rain. Over "land of no trees." 1/3 of the park is tundra. HOW FRAGILE IS IT? For 25 years after Trail That is why busy stops Ridge Road opened in 1932, along Trail Ridge Road are people had free run on the marked as Tundra Protection tundra. Repeated trampling Areas where no walking off damaged popular places. the trail is allowed. Some of these areas, fenced Elsewhere, walking on the off in 1959 for study, show tundra is permitted. But almost no sign of recovery walk with care! Step lightly, today. High winds and long without scuffing the winters make new growth surface. Step on rocks slow. Trampled places may when you can. -
Recent Changes in the Zooplankton Communities of Arctic Tundra
University of Texas at El Paso DigitalCommons@UTEP Open Access Theses & Dissertations 2019-01-01 Recent Changes In The Zooplankton Communities Of Arctic Tundra Ponds In Response To Warmer Temperatures And Nutrient Enrichment Mariana Vargas Medrano University of Texas at El Paso Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Vargas Medrano, Mariana, "Recent Changes In The Zooplankton Communities Of Arctic Tundra Ponds In Response To Warmer Temperatures And Nutrient Enrichment" (2019). Open Access Theses & Dissertations. 2018. https://digitalcommons.utep.edu/open_etd/2018 This is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UTEP. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UTEP. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RECENT CHANGES IN THE ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES OF ARCTIC TUNDRA PONDS IN RESPONSE TO WARMER TEMPERATURES AND NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT MARIANA VARGAS MEDRANO Doctoral Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology APPROVED: Vanessa L. Lougheed, Ph.D., Chair Craig Tweedie, Ph.D. Wen-Yen Lee, Ph.D. Elizabeth J.Walsh, Ph.D. Stephen L. Crites, Jr., Ph.D. Dean of the Graduate School Copyright © by Mariana Vargas Medrano 2019 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to all my incredible family for all the love and support. RECENT CHANGES IN THE ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES OF ARCTIC TUNDRA PONDS IN RESPONSE TO WARMER TEMPERATURES AND NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT by MARIANA VARGAS MEDRANO, B.S., M.S. DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at El Paso in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO AUGUST 2019 Acknowledgments This study was funded by NSF Polar Programs (ARC-0909502). -
The Exchange of Carbon Dioxide Between Wet Arctic Tundra and the Atmosphere at the Lena River Delta, Northern Siberia
Biogeosciences, 4, 869–890, 2007 www.biogeosciences.net/4/869/2007/ Biogeosciences © Author(s) 2007. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. The exchange of carbon dioxide between wet arctic tundra and the atmosphere at the Lena River Delta, Northern Siberia L. Kutzbach1,*, C. Wille1,*, and E.-M. Pfeiffer2 1Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Research Unit Potsdam, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 2University of Hamburg, Institute of Soil Science, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany *now at Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Institute for Botany and Landscape Ecology, Grimmer Straße 88, 17487 Greifswald, Germany Received: 23 May 2007 – Published in Biogeosciences Discuss.: 25 June 2007 Revised: 1 October 2007 – Accepted: 8 October 2007 – Published: 18 October 2007 Abstract. The exchange fluxes of carbon dioxide between piration continued at substantial rates during autumn when wet arctic polygonal tundra and the atmosphere were inves- photosynthesis had ceased and the soils were still largely un- tigated by the micrometeorological eddy covariance method. frozen. The temporal variability of the ecosystem respiration The investigation site was situated in the centre of the Lena during summer was best explained by an exponential func- River Delta in Northern Siberia (72◦220 N, 126◦300 E). The tion with surface temperature, and not soil temperature, as study region is characterized by a polar and distinctly con- the independent variable. This was explained by the ma- tinental climate, very cold and ice-rich permafrost and its jor role of the plant respiration within the CO2 balance of position at the interface between the Eurasian continent and the tundra ecosystem. -
Impacts of Land Use on Biodiversity: Development of Spatially Differentiated Global Assessment Methodologies for Life Cycle Assessment
DISS. ETH NO. xx Impacts of land use on biodiversity: development of spatially differentiated global assessment methodologies for life cycle assessment A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH for the degree of Doctor of Sciences presented by LAURA SIMONE DE BAAN Master of Sciences ETH born January 23, 1981 citizen of Steinmaur (ZH), Switzerland accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Stefanie Hellweg, examiner Prof. Dr. Thomas Koellner, co-examiner Dr. Llorenç Milà i Canals, co-examiner 2013 In Gedenken an Frans Remarks This thesis is a cumulative thesis and consists of five research papers, which were written by several authors. The chapters Introduction and Concluding Remarks were written by myself. For the sake of consistency, I use the personal pronoun ‘we’ throughout this thesis, even in the chapters Introduction and Concluding Remarks. Summary Summary Today, one third of the Earth’s land surface is used for agricultural purposes, which has led to massive changes in global ecosystems. Land use is one of the main current and projected future drivers of biodiversity loss. Because many agricultural commodities are traded globally, their production often affects multiple regions. Therefore, methodologies with global coverage are needed to analyze the effects of land use on biodiversity. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that assesses environmental impacts over the entire life cycle of products, from the extraction of resources to production, use, and disposal. Although LCA aims to provide information about all relevant environmental impacts, prior to this Ph.D. project, globally applicable methods for capturing the effects of land use on biodiversity did not exist. -
From Tropics to Tundra: Global Convergence in Plant Functioning
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 94, pp. 13730–13734, December 1997 Ecology From tropics to tundra: Global convergence in plant functioning PETER B. REICH*†,MICHAEL B. WALTERS‡, AND DAVID S. ELLSWORTH§ *Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; ‡Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada V2N 4Z9; and §Department of Applied Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 Communicated by Harold Alfred Mooney, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, September 12, 1997 (received for review May 21, 1997) ABSTRACT Despite striking differences in climate, soils, species, light-saturated net photosynthetic capacity (Amax) and and evolutionary history among diverse biomes ranging from leaf diffusive conductance were measured in the field (7–9) tropical and temperate forests to alpine tundra and desert, we under ambient CO2 concentrations and SLA (projected leaf found similar interspecific relationships among leaf structure area per dry mass), dark respiration (at 25°C), and N concen- and function and plant growth in all biomes. Our results thus tration of those leaves were assessed, on both mass and area demonstrate convergent evolution and global generality in bases. Average leaf life-span (month 5 30.4 days) was assessed plant functioning, despite the enormous diversity of plant for each species in the field, from long term monitoring of species and biomes. For 280 plant species from two global data numerous leaves andyor phenological observation. Field data sets, we found that potential carbon gain (photosynthesis) and on leaf, plant, and ecosystem characteristics also were com- carbon loss (respiration) increase in similar proportion with piled from the literature for species from several continents decreasing leaf life-span, increasing leaf nitrogen concentra- and an equally broad array of biomes. -
Carbon Dioxide Sources from Alaska Driven by Increasing Early Winter Respiration from Arctic Tundra
Carbon dioxide sources from Alaska driven by increasing early winter respiration from Arctic tundra Róisín Commanea,b,1, Jakob Lindaasb, Joshua Benmerguia, Kristina A. Luusc, Rachel Y.-W. Changd, Bruce C. Daubea,b, Eugénie S. Euskirchene, John M. Hendersonf, Anna Kariong, John B. Millerh, Scot M. Milleri, Nicholas C. Parazooj,k, James T. Randersonl, Colm Sweeneyg,m, Pieter Tansm, Kirk Thoningm, Sander Veraverbekel,n, Charles E. Millerk, and Steven C. Wofsya,b aHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138; bDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138; cCenter for Applied Data Analytics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin 2, Ireland; dDepartment of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2; eInstitute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775; fAtmospheric and Environmental Research Inc., Lexington, MA 02421; gCooperative Institute of Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309; hGlobal Monitoring Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305; iCarnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305; jJoint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; kJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109; lDepartment of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697; mEarth Science Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305; and nFaculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands Edited by William H. Schlesinger, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, and approved March 31, 2017 (received for review November 8, 2016) High-latitude ecosystems have the capacity to release large amounts of arctic and boreal landscapes. -
Alpine Tundra of the Krkonoše and Carpathian Mountains
ALPINE TUNDRA OF THE KRKONOŠE AND CARPATHIAN MOUNTAINS Report on study tour funded by Alfred Toepfer Natural Heritage Scholarship 2016 by Dr. Tymur Bedernichek, M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (Ukraine) Text: Tymur Bedernichek Photos: most of the photos were taken by Tymur Bedernichek; except for those listed below: fig. 6 credit to the British Museum fig. 7 & 13 credit to Robert Erik fig 10 & 11 credit to censor.net.ua fig. 12 credit to vorobus.com fig. 14 credit to podstudnicnou.cz fig. 16 credit to Roman Cherepanyn Sponsorship: this report is the result of study tour funded by Alfred Toepfer Foundation and EUROPARC Federation © EUROPARC Federation, 2017 © Alfred Toepfer Foundation, 2017 2 Acknowledgements I am extremely grateful to EUROPARC Federation and Alfred Toepfer Foundation for the Scholarship. It was not only a very timely support, but also a key that opened many doors. It entailed many pleasant and useful contacts and lucky coincidences, and in the end, I managed to do much more than I had planned. Several people significantly helped me during the study tour: Prof. Natalia Zaimenko, Dr. Blanka Skočdopolová, Dr. Irena Kholová and Prof. Zofia Rączkowska. They were my colleagues, friends and sometimes, even guardian angels. Without their support, I probably would not have been able to complete the project. I would also like to thank Erika Stanciu. Six years ago, she made a presentation at RAPPAM workshop in Ukraine, which I attended with other PhD students. She told us about various funding opportunities for nature conservationists, including Alfred Toepfer Natural Heritage Scholarship, and emphasized how important it is to prepare a strong application. -
Climate Change Policy and Canada's Inuit Population: the Importance of and Opportunities for Adaptation For: Global Environme
Climate change policy and Canada’s Inuit population: The importance of and opportunities for adaptation For: Global Environmental Change James D. Ford 1, Tristan Pearce2, Frank Duerden3, Chris Furgal4, and Barry Smit5 1 Dept. of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2K6 CA, Mobile: 514-462-1846, Email: [email protected] 2Dept. of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CA, Email: [email protected] 3Frank Duerden Consulting, 117 Kingsmount park Rd., Toronto, Ontario, CA 4Indigenous Environmental Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, CA 5Dept. of Geography, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CA Acknowledgements We would like to thank Inuit of Canada for their continuing support of this research. This article benefited from contributions from Christina Goldhar, Tanya Smith, and Lea Berrang-Ford, and figure 1 was produced by Adam Bonnycastle. Funding for the research was provided by ArcticNet, SSHRC, Aurora Research Institute fellowship and research assistant programmes, Association of Canadian Universities for Northern Studies (ACUNS), Canadian Polar Commission Scholarship, the International Polar Year CAVIAR project, and the Nasivvik Centre for Inuit Health and Changing Environments. Abstract For Canada’s Inuit population, climate change is challenging internationally established human rights and the specific rights of Inuit as stated in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Mitigation can help avoid ‘runaway’ climate change, adaptation can help reduce the negative effects of current and future climate change for Inuit populations, take advantage of new opportunities, and can be integrated into existing decision-making processes and policy goals. Adaptation is emerging as a priority area for Canadian and international action on climate change, and can help Inuit adapt to changes in climate that are now inevitable. -
Ring of Fire Proposed RMP and Final EIS- Volume 1 Cover Page
U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management N T OF M E TH T E R A IN P T E E D R . I O S R . U M 9 AR 8 4 C H 3, 1 Ring of Fire FINAL Proposed Resource Management Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement and Final Environmental Impact Statement and Final Environmental Management Plan Resource Proposed Ring of Fire Volume 1: Chapters 1-3 July 2006 Anchorage Field Office, Alaska July 200 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMMENT 6 Volume 1 The Bureau of Land Management Today Our Vision To enhance the quality of life for all citizens through the balanced stewardship of America’s public lands and resources. Our Mission To sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations. BLM/AK/PL-06/022+1610+040 BLM File Photos: 1. Aerial view of the Chilligan River north of Chakachamna Lake in the northern portion of Neacola Block 2. OHV users on Knik River gravel bar 3. Mountain goat 1 4. Helicopter and raft at Tsirku River 2 3 4 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Ring of Fire Proposed Resource Management Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement Prepared By: Anchorage Field Office July 2006 United States Department of the Interior BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT Alaska State Office 222 West Seventh Avenue, #13 Anchorage, Alaska 995 13-7599 http://www.ak.blm.gov Dear Reader: Enclosed for your review is the Proposed Resource Management Plan and Final Environmental Impact Statement (Proposed RMPIFinal EIS) for the lands administered in the Ring of Fire by the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM's) Anchorage Field Office (AFO). -
Spring 2016 ᐅᐱᕐᖔᖅ Nunavut Arctic College Media Spring 2016 ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᑐᓴᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓕᕆᔩᑦ Spring 2016
Spring 2016 ᐅᐱᕐᖔᖅ Nunavut Arctic College Media Spring 2016 ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᑐᓴᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓕᕆᔩᑦ Spring 2016 LOOK UP! • AARLURIT ! • ᐋᕐᓗᕆᑦ! FRONTLIST Nunavut Arctic College has been publishing for almost three decades. Our press predates the political creation of Nunavut, but not the historical reality of a distinct Inuit land. We have been around for some time, yet we are new on the landscape of Canadian publishing. Most people across Canada (and the world) are not familiar with our books. There is a good reason for this. Our books were purposefully published to serve students, Willem Rasing teachers, and community members in the Eastern Arctic. These works were not intended for wide distribution, enviable sales, or awards; they exist as urgent, at times rough-hewn manifestations of intimate and collaborative efforts to archive the ISBN: 978-1-897568-40-8 knowledge and history of unique generations. The narrators in our pages are often $27.95 Inuit who weathered the bewildering movement from the land to static settlements in May 2016 the mid-20th century, and those who entered residential schools. 6” x 9” | 312 pages Notwithstanding our territorial obligation to date, our work has benefitted from the Trade paperback engagement and initiative of outsiders. Alongside Inuit Elders, leaders, educators, English students, and translators, a perusal of our books reveals the thoughtful participation of southern and international writers, editors, and scholars. These encounters blur the binaries of Inuit and Qallunaaq (southerner) ways of knowing, doing, and telling. They Cultural studies; Native studies; History arouse the tension, possibility, and limitation in the fusion of Western written custom and Inuit oral tradition.