DOCSLIB.ORG

Spring 2006 (PDF)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Spring 2006 (PDF) SKYWARNEWS National Weather Service State College, PA - Spring 2006 “Working Together To Save Lives” New Radar Displays on mosaics are available from the dark blue left-hand menu common to all of our the Webpage! pages. The mosaics are a really nice By Michael Dangelo, NWS CTP feature, as the radar echoes from all the Webmaster radars in a wide area are combined into one picture. The regional mosaics cover Many of you have been to our website about a dozen states each, and the (http://weather.gov/statecollege), and national one covers the lower 48 states. lots of you have mentioned the new These mosaic images can also be radar displays. Thank you for all of your looped! There are even two different comments and suggestions. I will pass sizes/resolutions of the national mosaic them along to the headquarters folks and loops. who create those displays. There is both an “Enhanced” version of There are many new features available, the individual radar displays, and a and I thought I could highlight some of “Standard” version of the displays. The them. Enhanced displays are for those with high-bandwidth internet connections “KCCX” is the identifier for the Central (cable/DSL), while the Standard displays PA WSR-88D Radar. KCCX is located are better for low-bandwidth (dial-up) in northern Centre County near Black users. Moshannon State Park, and operated and maintained by the staff at WFO CTP. The Enhanced display allows you to See our “All Local Radars” page toggle on and off some useful overlays (http://www.erh.noaa.gov/ctp/radar.php) of local warnings, a topographic for more info on the 88D and some background image, a legend, and various pictures of the site (from a tour that was maps. The Standard display is on a done many years ago for a PSU radar white background, which was found to class). A link to the radar Status be easier to print out. Both versions of Message is also available from this page. the display have looping capabilities. We issue Status Messages when the Look for links on the top left of the radar radar is having maintenance performed pages to switch between the Standard on it, or is not available for some reason. and Enhanced versions. Links to images produced by KCCX, as Using either the Enhanced or the well as the new regional and national Standard display, you can now view echo Velocity information - which is the of Environmental Protection (DEP). A biggest benefit of having a Doppler radar Watch calls for a voluntary 5% reduction system. It shows the speed and direction in water usage. A Drought Warning, the of the echoes with respect to the radar – second level of drought severity, is also “Are the echoes moving toward or away issued by the DEP Secretary, and calls from the radar?” Red colors indicate for a voluntary 10-15% reduction in that the echo is moving away from the water usage. A Drought Emergency, the radar site, and green shades indicate that most severe state of drought status, is the echo is moving toward the radar site. declared by the Governor of The Storm Relative Velocity information Pennsylvania. It includes bans on non- may be rather difficult for the average essential water use, and local water person to interpret, but can show rationing plans. Some bans include (but meteorologists the wind movement with some exceptions via a variance inside individual thunderstorms – which process) watering grass, watering can lead to better warnings. athletic fields, irrigating trees and landscaped areas, irrigating golf courses You can also now view the Rainfall without an emergency operations plan, Estimates produced by the radar for the washing paved surfaces, using water for past hour and for a storm-total. These ornamental purposes, washing mobile estimates can be useful to see how much equipment (e.g. cars) serving water in rain you can expect (from a storm restaurants except when requested, moving toward your area), or how much filling or topping pools, using water rain you have received recently. from fire hydrants except to fight fires. Full regulations can be found on the Enjoy the new radar displays! DEP web page at: http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/subject/h The “What” and “Why” of otopics/drought/drought_regs.htm Droughts in Pennsylvania which link to applicable chapters in the Pennsylvania Code. By Peter Jung, Service Hydrologist Drought declarations in Pennsylvania are based on 4 criteria: Precipitation, After a very wet Fall of 2005, complete Stream-Flow, Ground Water and Soil with river and stream flooding, the Moisture. Winter and Spring of 2006 were very dry over much of Pennsylvania. The Precipitation - How far is recent general lack of wintertime snow, and • and historical precipitation (both light springtime rainfall, have caused rain and snow) above or below river levels, ground water levels, and soil normal? A sliding scale based on moisture to drop. This prompted the the time frame being reviewed is issuance of a Drought Watch for the used to assess these criteria. entire Commonwealth of Pennsylvania NOAA’s NWS is the primary on April 11, 2006. agency that tracks this element. For some background information, a • Stream-Flow - How do current Drought Watch is issued by the river levels compare to long term Secretary of Pennsylvania’s Department averages? The USGS is the primary agency that measures By all accounts the 2005 hurricane river levels. season will go down in the books as the • Ground Water - How are water most active in history. Twenty-eight (28) levels in ground water named tropical storms formed...breaking monitoring wells compared to the old record of 21 set back in 1933. seasonal long-term normals? The Fifteen (15) storms became hurricanes, USGS again is the primary breaking the old record of 12 set back in agency that measures levels in 1969. Seven of the hurricanes became these wells. major hurricanes, category three or • Soil Moisture - What is the higher on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane overall long-term soil moisture scale, including four, Emily, Katrina, indicator? NOAA’s NWS Rita and Wilma which reached category computes and publishes a weekly 5 intensity. This is the first time since Palmer Drought Severity Index 1851 that four category 5 storms have which takes into account a been known to occur in one season. number of meteorological and hydrological factors. This year the season got off to a furious and early start with the first storm, The DEP is the agency that examines Arlene named on June 8th. The record and assesses these criteria, consults other setting season continued into July when participating agencies, and ultimately 5 storms earned names. This was the makes declarations (or recommendations most ever for the month since hurricanes in case of Drought Emergencies) for the started being tracked in the mid 1800’s. Commonwealth. Combined with the 2 storms that formed in June, 2005 became the first year in For now, Precipitation, Stream Flow and history that so many storms had formed Ground Water are all below average, so early in the year. while soil moisture is near normal over most of Pennsylvania. The amount of When hurricane Dennis formed in July, rainfall which eventually falls during the it was the earliest storm to reach late Spring and Summer will certainly category 4 status in the Caribbean Sea affect the Drought status in (Saffir Simpson Hurricane scale, Table Pennsylvania. The latest Drought 1). It also was also the strongest Statement for Central Pennsylvania hurricane to ever form so early in the issued on the second and fourth season. Dennis moved over Cuba Wednesdays of the month, can be found causing heavy damage and eventually on web at: weather.gov/statecollege. made landfall on the Florida panhandle near Navarre Beach as a category 3 hurricane. The Record Setting 2005 Before Dennis dissipated, it was Hurricane Season followed by Emily, an even stronger storm. After forming east of Granada during the second week of the month, it By John La Corte, Senior Forecaster moved steadily westward through the Caribbean briefly strengthening to Category Damage 1 some damage to trees, shrubbery, and unanchored mobile homes 2 major damage to mobile homes; damage buildings' roofs, and blow trees down 3 destroy mobile homes; blow down large trees; damage small buildings blow down all signs; damage roofs, windows, and doors; completely destroy mobile 4 homes; lower floors of structures near shore are damaged by flooding extensive damage to homes and industrial buildings; blow away small buildings; structures within 500 meters of shore on the lower floors which are less than 4.5 m (15 5 ft) above sea level are damaged Table 1. Saffir Simpson Hurricane Scale 1926. Causing 80 billion in damage and category 5 status (the earliest category 5 devastating the economy of New storm ever) before slamming into the Orleans, this makes Katrina the most Yucatan Peninsula near Cozumel with expensive storm in history. 135 mph winds. The season remained active into the Several storms followed Emily that second week of September, but with either stayed below hurricane strength or storms of relatively little impact. Ophelia remained out over the open Atlantic, was the exception. It formed over the causing relatively few problems. Then in northern Bahamas and meandered the third week of August Hurricane slowly northward just off the Carolina Katrina formed. It started as a tropical coasts. It took until mid September to storm over the southern Bahamas and move away from the Mid Atlantic coast tracked southwestward across southern and head out into the north Atlantic. The Florida as a category 1 hurricane late on slow movement just offshore, and the August 25th.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Operational Challenges of Forecasting TC Intensity Change in the Presence of Dry Air and Strong Vertical Shear
    The Operational Challenges of Forecasting TC Intensity Change in the Presence of Dry Air and Strong Vertical Shear Jamie R. Rhome,* and Richard D. Knabb NOAA/NWS/NCEP/Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center, Miami, FL 1. INTRODUCTION to an incomplete specification of the initial moisture conditions, dynamical model forecasts of middle- to Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity changes involve upper-tropospheric humidity often have large errors. complex interactions between many environmental Beyond the problems with observing and forecasting factors, including vertical wind shear and the humidity, TC intensity forecasts become particularly thermodynamic properties of the ambient atmosphere challenging when dry air is accompanied by moderate to and ocean. While the effects of each factor are not strong vertical shear. completely understood, even less is known about the Much of the current understanding on the response effects of these factors working in tandem. Emanuel et of a TC to vertical shear comes from idealized studies. It al. (2004) proposed that “storm intensity in a sheared has been shown that strong vertical shear typically results environment is sensitive to the ambient humidity” and in the convective pattern of the TC becoming cautioned “against considering the various environmental increasingly asymmetric followed by a downshear tilt of influences on storm intensity as operating independently the vortex (Frank and Ritchie 2001, Bender 1997). To from each other.” Along these lines, Dunion and Velden keep the tilted TC vortex quasi-balanced, the (2004) have examined the combined effects of vertical diabatically-driven secondary circulation aligns itself to shear and dry air on TCs during interactions with the produce an asymmetry in vertical motion that favors Saharan Air Layer (SAL).
    [Show full text]
  • Floods from Hurricane Stan; Appeal No
    CENTRAL AMERICA, MEXICO AND HAITI: FLOODS FROM 23 December 2005 HURRICANE STAN The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the power of humanity. It is the world’s largest humanitarian organization and its millions of volunteers are active in over 181 countries. In Brief Appeal No. 05EA021; Operations Update no. 03; Period covered: 17 October to 23 December, 2005; Appeal coverage: 79.2%. Click here to go directly to the attached Contributions List, also available on the website). Appeal history: • Launched on 7 October 2005 CHF 1,568,000 (USD 1,230,694 OR EUR 1,012,648) for 6 months to assist 10,250 families (51,250 beneficiaries). • A revised Emergency Appeal was issued on 17 October 2005, seeking CHF 6,175,760 (USD 4,780,996 or EUR 3,974,564) in cash, kind, or services to assist 10,050 families (50,250 beneficiaries) for 6 months. • Disaster Relief Emergency Funds (DREF) allocated: CHF 280,000 Outstanding needs: CHF 1,285,365 (USD 979,736 or EUR 825,457) Related Emergency or Annual Appeals: El Salvador: Floods and Volcanic Activity (Appeal 05EA020); Haiti: Floods (Appeal 22/2004); Bahamas, Cuba and Mexico: Hurricane Wilma (Appeal 05EA024); Central America: Annual Appeal (Appeal 05AA043); Pan American Disaster Response Unit: Annual Appeal (Appeal 05AA040) Operational Summary: Since the onset of the disaster, Costa Rican, Guatemalan, Honduran, Mexican, Nicaraguan and Haitian Red Cross Societies have been working untiringly to respond to the needs of the most affected families. Although many families have now been able to return to their homes, many of those affected remain in shelters or are staying in the homes of friends or relatives.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005
    MARCH 2008 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1109 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005 JOHN L. BEVEN II, LIXION A. AVILA,ERIC S. BLAKE,DANIEL P. BROWN,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, RICHARD D. KNABB,RICHARD J. PASCH,JAMIE R. RHOME, AND STACY R. STEWART Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 2 November 2006, in final form 30 April 2007) ABSTRACT The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active of record. Twenty-eight storms occurred, includ- ing 27 tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Fifteen of the storms became hurricanes, and seven of these became major hurricanes. Additionally, there were two tropical depressions and one subtropical depression. Numerous records for single-season activity were set, including most storms, most hurricanes, and highest accumulated cyclone energy index. Five hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall in the United States, including four major hurricanes. Eight other cyclones made landfall elsewhere in the basin, and five systems that did not make landfall nonetheless impacted land areas. The 2005 storms directly caused nearly 1700 deaths. This includes approximately 1500 in the United States from Hurricane Katrina— the deadliest U.S. hurricane since 1928. The storms also caused well over $100 billion in damages in the United States alone, making 2005 the costliest hurricane season of record. 1. Introduction intervals for all tropical and subtropical cyclones with intensities of 34 kt or greater; Bell et al. 2000), the 2005 By almost all standards of measure, the 2005 Atlantic season had a record value of about 256% of the long- hurricane season was the most active of record.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 109 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 109 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 151 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2005 No. 155 Senate The Senate was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Monday, December 12, 2005, at 2 p.m. House of Representatives TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2005 The House met at 2 p.m. and was last day’s proceedings and announces That the Senate passed S. 1044. called to order by the Speaker pro tem- to the House his approval thereof. That the Senate passed S. 1045. pore (Mr. BOOZMAN). Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- With best wishes, I am nal stands approved. Sincerely, f KAREN L. HAAS, DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER f Clerk of the House. PRO TEMPORE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE f The Speaker pro tempore laid before The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the the House the following communica- gentleman from Colorado (Mr. UDALL) ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER tion from the Speaker: come forward and lead the House in the PRO TEMPORE WASHINGTON, DC, Pledge of Allegiance. December 6, 2005. Mr. UDALL of Colorado led the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- I hereby appoint the Honorable JOHN Pledge of Allegiance as follows: ant to clause 4 of rule I, the Speaker BOOZMAN to act as Speaker pro tempore on signed the following enrolled bill on I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the this day. United States of America, and to the Repub- Friday, November 18, 2005: J.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
    FLORIDA HURRICANES AND TROPICAL STORMS 1871-1995: An Historical Survey Fred Doehring, Iver W. Duedall, and John M. Williams '+wcCopy~~ I~BN 0-912747-08-0 Florida SeaGrant College is supported by award of the Office of Sea Grant, NationalOceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce,grant number NA 36RG-0070, under provisions of the NationalSea Grant College and Programs Act of 1966. This information is published by the Sea Grant Extension Program which functionsas a coinponentof the Florida Cooperative Extension Service, John T. Woeste, Dean, in conducting Cooperative Extensionwork in Agriculture, Home Economics, and Marine Sciences,State of Florida, U.S. Departmentof Agriculture, U.S. Departmentof Commerce, and Boards of County Commissioners, cooperating.Printed and distributed in furtherance af the Actsof Congressof May 8 andJune 14, 1914.The Florida Sea Grant Collegeis an Equal Opportunity-AffirmativeAction employer authorizedto provide research, educational information and other servicesonly to individuals and institutions that function without regardto race,color, sex, age,handicap or nationalorigin. Coverphoto: Hank Brandli & Rob Downey LOANCOPY ONLY Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms 1871-1995: An Historical survey Fred Doehring, Iver W. Duedall, and John M. Williams Division of Marine and Environmental Systems, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL 32901 Technical Paper - 71 June 1994 $5.00 Copies may be obtained from: Florida Sea Grant College Program University of Florida Building 803 P.O. Box 110409 Gainesville, FL 32611-0409 904-392-2801 II Our friend andcolleague, Fred Doehringpictured below, died on January 5, 1993, before this manuscript was completed. Until his death, Fred had spent the last 18 months painstakingly researchingdata for this book.
    [Show full text]
  • Storm Watcher Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    STORM WATCHER PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Maria V Snyder | 228 pages | 05 May 2013 | Leap Books, LLC | 9781616030339 | English | Powell, WY, United States National Hurricane Center Tropical Storm Wilfred forms over the eastern Atlantic. Tropical Depression 22 forms in the Gulf of Mexico. September 17, September 14, Hurricane Teddy forms over the central Atlantic. September 16, Hurricane Sally has formed over the Gulf of Mexico. September 12, Paulette is now a hurricane over the northwestern Atlantic. September 13, The NHC indicates that Nana has become a hurricane and is expected to make landfall along the coast of Belize tonight. September 02, Tropical Storm Omar forms off the east coast of the United States. September 01, Marco has become a hurricane and could make landfall near the Louisiana coast on Monday. August 23, Tropical Storm Laura becomes a hurricane , forecast to reach category 3 before making landfall on the south coast of the USA. August 25, Tropical Storm Kyle has formed off the east coast of the United States. August 14, August 13, Tropical Depression 10 forms over the eastern Atlantic. J uly 31, Hurricane Isaias moving closer towards southern Florida. August 01, Hanna strengthens and has become the first hurricane of the Atlantic season. July 25, J uly 22, Tropical Storm Fay has formed near the coast of North Carolina. July 09, July 05, Tropical Storm Dolly forms over the north Atlantic. June 23, June 2, Tropical Storm Bertha has formed near the coast of South Carolina this morning. May 27, May 16, Storm Names for the Atlantic Hurricane Season. Tropical Storm Arthur.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 a Hyperactive End to the Atlantic Hurricane Season: October–November 2020
    1 A Hyperactive End to the Atlantic Hurricane Season: October–November 2020 2 3 Philip J. Klotzbach* 4 Department of Atmospheric Science 5 Colorado State University 6 Fort Collins CO 80523 7 8 Kimberly M. Wood# 9 Department of Geosciences 10 Mississippi State University 11 Mississippi State MS 39762 12 13 Michael M. Bell 14 Department of Atmospheric Science 15 Colorado State University 16 Fort Collins CO 80523 17 1 18 Eric S. Blake 19 National Hurricane Center 1 Early Online Release: This preliminary version has been accepted for publication in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, may be fully cited, and has been assigned DOI 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0312.1. The final typeset copyedited article will replace the EOR at the above DOI when it is published. © 2021 American Meteorological Society Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/26/21 05:03 AM UTC 20 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 21 Miami FL 33165 22 23 Steven G. Bowen 24 Aon 25 Chicago IL 60601 26 27 Louis-Philippe Caron 28 Ouranos 29 Montreal Canada H3A 1B9 30 31 Barcelona Supercomputing Center 32 Barcelona Spain 08034 33 34 Jennifer M. Collins 35 School of Geosciences 36 University of South Florida 37 Tampa FL 33620 38 2 Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/26/21 05:03 AM UTC Accepted for publication in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0312.1. 39 Ethan J. Gibney 40 UCAR/Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science 41 San Diego, CA 92127 42 43 Carl J. Schreck III 44 North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System 45 Studies (CISESS) 46 North Carolina State University 47 Asheville NC 28801 48 49 Ryan E.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record United States Th of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 109 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
    E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 109 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 151 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2005 No. 155 Senate The Senate was not in session today. Its next meeting will be held on Monday, December 12, 2005, at 2 p.m. House of Representatives TUESDAY, DECEMBER 6, 2005 The House met at 2 p.m. and was last day’s proceedings and announces That the Senate passed S. 1044. called to order by the Speaker pro tem- to the House his approval thereof. That the Senate passed S. 1045. pore (Mr. BOOZMAN). Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- With best wishes, I am nal stands approved. Sincerely, f KAREN L. HAAS, DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER f Clerk of the House. PRO TEMPORE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE f The Speaker pro tempore laid before The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the the House the following communica- gentleman from Colorado (Mr. UDALL) ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER tion from the Speaker: come forward and lead the House in the PRO TEMPORE WASHINGTON, DC, Pledge of Allegiance. December 6, 2005. Mr. UDALL of Colorado led the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- I hereby appoint the Honorable JOHN Pledge of Allegiance as follows: ant to clause 4 of rule I, the Speaker BOOZMAN to act as Speaker pro tempore on signed the following enrolled bill on I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the this day. United States of America, and to the Repub- Friday, November 18, 2005: J.
    [Show full text]
  • MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO Diploma Thesis
    MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský MASARYK UNIVERSITY BRNO FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis Diploma thesis Brno 2018 Supervisor: Author: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Declaration I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the placing of this thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at the Masaryk University and with the access for academic purposes. Brno, 30th March 2018 …………………………………………. Bc. Lukáš Opavský Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. for his kind help and constant guidance throughout my work. Bc. Lukáš Opavský OPAVSKÝ, Lukáš. Presentation Sentences in Wikipedia: FSP Analysis; Diploma Thesis. Brno: Masaryk University, Faculty of Education, English Language and Literature Department, 2018. XX p. Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Martin Adam, Ph.D. Annotation The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of a corpus comprising of opening sentences of articles collected from the online encyclopaedia Wikipedia. Four different quality categories from Wikipedia were chosen, from the total amount of eight, to ensure gathering of a representative sample, for each category there are fifty sentences, the total amount of the sentences altogether is, therefore, two hundred. The sentences will be analysed according to the Firabsian theory of functional sentence perspective in order to discriminate differences both between the quality categories and also within the categories.
    [Show full text]
  • Capital Adequacy (E) Task Force RBC Proposal Form
    Capital Adequacy (E) Task Force RBC Proposal Form [ ] Capital Adequacy (E) Task Force [ x ] Health RBC (E) Working Group [ ] Life RBC (E) Working Group [ ] Catastrophe Risk (E) Subgroup [ ] Investment RBC (E) Working Group [ ] SMI RBC (E) Subgroup [ ] C3 Phase II/ AG43 (E/A) Subgroup [ ] P/C RBC (E) Working Group [ ] Stress Testing (E) Subgroup DATE: 08/31/2020 FOR NAIC USE ONLY CONTACT PERSON: Crystal Brown Agenda Item # 2020-07-H TELEPHONE: 816-783-8146 Year 2021 EMAIL ADDRESS: cbrown@naic.org DISPOSITION [ x ] ADOPTED WG 10/29/20 & TF 11/19/20 ON BEHALF OF: Health RBC (E) Working Group [ ] REJECTED NAME: Steve Drutz [ ] DEFERRED TO TITLE: Chief Financial Analyst/Chair [ ] REFERRED TO OTHER NAIC GROUP AFFILIATION: WA Office of Insurance Commissioner [ ] EXPOSED ________________ ADDRESS: 5000 Capitol Blvd SE [ ] OTHER (SPECIFY) Tumwater, WA 98501 IDENTIFICATION OF SOURCE AND FORM(S)/INSTRUCTIONS TO BE CHANGED [ x ] Health RBC Blanks [ x ] Health RBC Instructions [ ] Other ___________________ [ ] Life and Fraternal RBC Blanks [ ] Life and Fraternal RBC Instructions [ ] Property/Casualty RBC Blanks [ ] Property/Casualty RBC Instructions DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE(S) Split the Bonds and Misc. Fixed Income Assets into separate pages (Page XR007 and XR008). REASON OR JUSTIFICATION FOR CHANGE ** Currently the Bonds and Misc. Fixed Income Assets are included on page XR007 of the Health RBC formula. With the implementation of the 20 bond designations and the electronic only tables, the Bonds and Misc. Fixed Income Assets were split between two tabs in the excel file for use of the electronic only tables and ease of printing. However, for increased transparency and system requirements, it is suggested that these pages be split into separate page numbers beginning with year-2021.
    [Show full text]
  • What Is Really Responsible for the Extreme Waves Regime in the Colombian Caribbean Coastal Region?
    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 391–401, 2016 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/16/391/2016/ doi:10.5194/nhess-16-391-2016 © Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Storms or cold fronts: what is really responsible for the extreme waves regime in the Colombian Caribbean coastal region? L. J. Otero, J. C. Ortiz-Royero, J. K. Ruiz-Merchan, A. E. Higgins, and S. A. Henriquez Applied Physics Group – Ocean and Atmosphere Area – Physics Department, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia Correspondence to: L. J. Otero (ljotero@uninorte.edu.co) Received: 9 April 2015 – Published in Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss.: 4 May 2015 Revised: 28 December 2015 – Accepted: 4 January 2016 – Published: 8 February 2016 Abstract. The aim of this study is to determine the contri- that in the continental area due to their geographic location. bution and importance of cold fronts and storms to extreme The wave heights in the extreme regime are similar in mag- waves in different areas of the Colombian Caribbean in an nitude to those found in Alta Guajira, but the extreme waves attempt to determine the extent of the threat posed by the associated with the passage of cold fronts in this region have flood processes to which these coastal populations are ex- lower return periods than those associated with the hurricane posed. Furthermore, the study wishes to establish the actions season. to which coastal engineering constructions should be sub- ject. In the calculation of maritime constructions, the most important parameter is the height of the wave. For this rea- son, it is necessary to establish the design wave height to which a coastal engineering structure should be resistant.
    [Show full text]
  • Executive Summary
    EX E CUTIV E SUMMARY CLIVE WILKINSON AND DAVID SOUTER 2005 – a hot year zx 2005 was the hottest year on average since the advent of reliable records in 1880. zx That year exceeded the previous 9 record years, which have all been within the last 15 years. zx 2005 also exceeded 1998 which previously held the record as the hottest year; there were massive coral losses throughout the world in 1998. zx Large areas of particularly warm surface waters developed in the Caribbean and Tropical Atlantic during 2005. These were clearly visible in satellite images as HotSpots. zx The first HotSpot signs appeared in May, 2005 and rapidly expanded to cover the northern Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and the mid-Atlantic by August. zx The HotSpots continued to expand and intensify until October, after which winter conditions cooled the waters to near normal in November and December. zx The excessive warm water resulted in large-scale temperature stress to Caribbean corals. 2005 – a hurricane year zx The 2005 hurricane year broke all records with 26 named storms, including 13 hurricanes. zx In July, the unusually strong Hurricane Dennis struck Grenada, Cuba and Florida. zx Hurricane Emily was even stronger, setting a record as the strongest hurricane to strike the Caribbean before August. zx Hurricane Katrina in August was the most devastating storm to hit the USA. It caused massive damage around New Orleans. Status of Caribbean Coral Reefs after Bleaching and Hurricanes in 2005 zx Hurricane Rita, a Category 5 storm, passed through the Gulf of Mexico to strike Texas and Louisiana in September.
    [Show full text]