Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 1 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Gypaète barbu. © Roland Clerc Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 2 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Federal Department of the Environment, Transport, Energy and Communications DETEC
Federal Office for the Environment FOEN Species, Ecosystems, Landscapes Division
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland “Overview"
MoU Raptor – TAG3 Sempach, 12.12.2018 Basel Zürich
Sempach Bern
Vienna GenevaSempach
Nizza
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 4 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Switzerland is divers…..
~46,000 species (potentially 60,000) 49 endemics A gradient from mediterranean to high alpine species
31% Forest (>50% protective forest) 35.9% Agriculture (12% organic) 7.5% «people-habitat» and infrastructure (60% sealed)
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 5 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI bio-divers…
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 6 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 7 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI but also cultural divers
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 8 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI «First biodiversity crisis»
Engadin 1928 Saane 1894
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 9 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI First laws on «nature conservation»
1875/76 first forestry law & hunting and bird conservation law > Sustainable forest use & afforestation > Protection of females & offspring > Delimination of protected areas
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 10 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Switzerland is biodivers…
• Symbolbilder für Biodiversität • Symbolbilder für Wilderness
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 11 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Recovery of habitats & wildlife populations
Dägelsberg ZH 1900 Development of the hunting bag 1910–2000
Red deer 1961 1900
1936 1982
1961 2004 Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 12 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Switzerland as a federal state
26 cantons with a high degree of autonomy 3 hunting systems in Switzerland
Lease of hunting grounds to hunters for several years Sale of hunting licences to hunters on a yearly basis Use of hunting rights by state, no hunting by hunters
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 13 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Wildlife management: legal basis and goverance Wildlife management according to national hunting law
Confederation
Conservation
of native species
species species Conflict management damage caused by game Protected
animals, threat Huntable
Hunting optimising game management Canton Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 14 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Raptor conservation is a positive story
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 15 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Illegal killing in Switzerland in trival numbers
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 16 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Reintroduction of bearded vultures
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 17 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI «Second biodiversity crisis»
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 18 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Biodiversity Strategy Switzerland
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 19 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Protected areas: Aichi Target 11
17% Minimum objective (Aichi Target 11) Missing area
Potentially designated areas
Designated areas for biodiversity
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 20 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI FOEN: Ministry and Agency
• Policy instruments: laws, ordinances, guidelines, protected areas • Agency instruments: action plans, monitoring
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 21 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Monitoring of Birds
• 4 breeding bird atlases in CH • 180 regular breeding bird species • >2000 volunteers walked about 46.500 km during mapping
• yearly mapping for Trend-Monitoring
1950–1959 1972–1976 1993–1996 2013–2016
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 22 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Population development of 35 species of agricultural landscapes (since 1993–96)
Multispecies-Density change map
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 25 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Development of species depending on dead wood (since 1993–96)
Multispecies-Density change map
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 26 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Overview of Results 2013–16
• Populations of most forest species increased • Recovery of raptors and owls • Supporting measures successful • Open land species vanish • Most longdistance migrants decreased stronlgy • Insectivorous birds decreased strongly • Low populations of wetland species • Climate change forces alpine species into higher regions • Disturbances increase
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 27 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI … positive trend of raptors
Combined map for Red Kite, Black Kite, Common Buzzard, Kestrel
Density change map
75% of raptor species show a positive population trend
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 28 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Red Kite – population increase
1950-59
M. Burkhardt
2013-16 2800–3500 Pairs 10% of global population in CH
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 29 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI aus: Aebischer 2009 Movements of Red Kites
284 juvenile Red Kites tagged and 56 adults (2015-17) Data: P. Scherler & M. Grübler, SOI
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 30 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Survival of Red Kites per month (percentage)
100 Adulte
birds 90
Juvenile
80 2016 surviving 70 Juvenile of 2015
60 Juvenile 2017
50 Percentage
40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Months after tagging
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 31 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Survival of Red Kites per month (percentage)
100
Adulte birds 90
Juvenile
80 2016
surviving of 70 Juvenile 2015
60 Juvenile
2017 Percentage 50
40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Months after tagging
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 32 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Survival of Red Kites per month (percentage)
100
Adulte birds 90
Juvenile
80 2016
surviving of 70 Juvenile 2015
60 Juvenile
2017 Percentage 50
40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Months after tagging
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 33 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Common Kestrel – density increase
M. Burkhardt
M. Burkhardt
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 34 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Protection measures and support
C. Folkert
M. Jenny A. Labhardt
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 35 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Protection measures and support
M. Jenny
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 36 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Peregrine Falcon – Population trend in Western CH (ca. 5000 km2)
R. Kistowski
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 37 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Intoxication by pigeonors
https://www.polizeireport.ch/detail.php?art=2314
15 month of imprisonment
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 38 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Research on Raptors and Owls at SOI
• Dispersal (Red Kite, Golden Eagle, Little Owl) • Lead intoxication (Golden Eagle, Red Kite) • Long term monitoring (diverse species) • Species supporting measures (Scops Owl, Little Owl, Barn Owl, Kestrel)
192 nest boxes for Little Owl in “Seeland”
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 39 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Challenges
• «Sterile» agricultural landscapes • Leissure time activities • Pesticides • Lead • Pigeonors • Planning of Windfarms
Many research programmes at SOI
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 40 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI Former threats are solved… … but there is still a lot to be done
• Raptor and owl conservation in Switzerland: Strategic guidelines and management priorities for Raptors (item 7)
Raptor Conservation in Switzerland | Overview 41 Sabine Herzog FOEN & Stefan Werner SOI