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Livestock Pest Management: a Training Manual for Commercial Pesticide Applicators (Category 1D)

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Livestock Pest Management: a Training Manual for Commercial Pesticide Applicators (Category 1D) Livestock Pest Management: A Training Manual for Commercial Pesticide Applicators (Category 1D) Edward D. Walker Julie A. Stachecki 1 Preface This manual is intended to prepare pesticide Materials from several sources were used to com- applicators in category 1D, livestock pest man- pile this information with input from North Car- agement, for certification under the Act 451, Nat- olina Extension, Key to Insect and Mites; Fly ural Resources and Environmental Protection Act, Control in Confined Livestock and Poultry Pro- Part 83, Pesticide Control, Sections 8301 to 8336. duction, Ciba-Geigy Agricultural Division, Read the introduction to this manual to under- Greensboro, NC; Managing Insect Problems on stand your responsibilities for obtaining the Beef Cattle, Kansas State University, Manhattan, appropriate credentials to apply pesticides and KS; Poultry Pest Management for Pennsylvania how to use this manual. and the Northeast, The Pennsylvania State Uni- versity, Extension Service, College of Agriculture, Acknowledgements University Park, PA; Pest Management Principles for the Commercial Applicator: Animal Pest Con- This manual, “Livestock Pest Management: A trol, University of Wisconsin Extension, Madison, Training Manual for Commercial Pesticide Appli- WI; and External Parasites of Poultry, Purdue cators (Category 1D),” was produced by Michi- University Extension, West Lafayette, IN, pho- gan State University, Pesticide Education tographs from Harlan Ritchie, Michigan State Program in conjunction with the Michigan University, East Lansing, MI, Ned Walker, Michi- Department of Agriculture. The following people gan State University, East Lansing, MI, Vocational are recognized for their reviews, suggestions and Education Publications, California Polytechnic contributions to this manual: State University San Luis Obispo, CA, Ralph Cle- George Atkeson, Ionia county agriculture agent, venger, Santa Rosa, CA, and Lepp and Associates, Michigan State University Extension, Ionia, MI Los Osis, CA. Linda S. Mansfield, VMD, PhD, Microbiologist, laboratory chief, Animal Health Diagnostic Labo- ratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI Larry G. Olsen, PhD, pesticide education coordi- nator, Michigan State University Extension, East Lansing, MI Pamela L. Ruegg, DVM, MPVM, Dip. ACVPM, ABVP-Dairy, previously Project Leader-Veteri- nary Extension, Michigan State University Exten- sion, East Lansing, MI Barbara Straw, VMD, PhD, Ellis Swine Professor, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI Paul Wylie, Allegan county agriculture and nat- ural resource agent, Michigan State University Extension, Allegan, MI 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Chapter 1: Pests and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Insects......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Mites and Ticks......................................................................................................................................................... 10 Damage Caused by Insects and Insect-like Pests ................................................................................................ 10 Integrated Pest Management for Animal Health ................................................................................................ 12 Key to Insects and Mites of Medical and Veterinary Importance..................................................................... 19 Chapter 2: Pesticides and Their Use For Livestock Pest Management Pesticides ................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Classes of Insecticides/Acaricides Used in Livestock Pest Management ....................................................... 34 Formulations Used in Managing Animal Pests................................................................................................... 36 Methods of Application and Application Equipment........................................................................................ 37 Pesticide Use Around Animals .............................................................................................................................. 41 Compatibility of Pesticides..................................................................................................................................... 42 Chapter 3: Mites and Ticks Mites........................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Management of Mites on Animals or in Animal Environments....................................................................... 52 Ticks............................................................................................................................................................................ 54 Detecting and Identifying Ticks............................................................................................................................. 55 Important Ticks Affecting Animal Health............................................................................................................ 56 Management of Ticks on Animals ......................................................................................................................... 57 Chapter 4: Chewing and Sucking Lice Chewing and Sucking Lice Comparisons............................................................................................................. 60 Life Cycle of Lice...................................................................................................................................................... 62 Effects of Lice on Animal Health ........................................................................................................................... 62 Managing Lice on Cattle and Other Livestock .................................................................................................... 65 Chapter 5: Fleas Flea Life Cycle........................................................................................................................................................... 67 Dog and Cat Fleas: Life History............................................................................................................................. 68 Flea Management..................................................................................................................................................... 69 Chapter 6: Flies Biting, Blood-feeding Flies...................................................................................................................................... 72 Management of Blood-feeding Flies...................................................................................................................... 74 Nuisance Flies........................................................................................................................................................... 75 Management of Filth Flies ...................................................................................................................................... 78 Bot Flies...................................................................................................................................................................... 79 3 Chapter 7: Host Animals and Their Pests Dairy Cattle............................................................................................................................................................... 83 Confined Cattle......................................................................................................................................................... 85 Range and Pasture Cattle........................................................................................................................................ 86 Swine.......................................................................................................................................................................... 86 Sheep and Goats....................................................................................................................................................... 87 Horses ........................................................................................................................................................................ 88 Poultry ....................................................................................................................................................................... 90 Answer Key for Review Questions...................................................................................................................... 92 Glossary ...................................................................................................................................................................
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