The Upper James River
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Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater, South of James River
The Effects of the Chesapeake Bay Impact Crater on the Geologic Framework and the Correlation of Hydrogeologic Units of Southeastern Virginia, South of the James River Professional Paper 1622 Chesapeake Bay York River Cape Charles Atlantic J a m Ocean e s R iv e r Norfolk Virginia Norfolk Beach U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Availability of Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey Order U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) publications by calling Documents. Check or money order must be payable to the the toll-free telephone number 1-888-ASK-USGS or contact- Superintendent of Documents. Order by mail from— ing the offices listed below. Detailed ordering instructions, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the cur- Superintendent of Documents rent-year issues of the catalog “New Publications of the U.S. Government Printing Office Geological Survey.” Washington, DC 20402 Books, Maps, and Other Publications Information Periodicals By Mail Many Information Periodicals products are available through the systems or formats listed below: Books, maps, and other publications are available by mail from— Printed Products USGS Information Services Printed copies of the Minerals Yearbook and the Mineral Com- Box 25286, Federal Center modity Summaries can be ordered from the Superintendent of Denver, CO 80225 Documents, Government Printing Office (address above). Publications include Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water- Printed copies of Metal Industry Indicators and Mineral Indus- Supply Papers, Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, try Surveys can be ordered from the Center for Disease Control Circulars, Fact Sheets, publications of general interest, single and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and copies of permanent USGS catalogs, and topographic and Health, Pittsburgh Research Center, P.O. -
Nelson County Comprehensive Plan
Nelson County Comprehensive Plan As Approved by the Nelson County Board of Supervisors and Nelson County Planning Commission Adopted _______, 2012 Prepared by The Nelson County Planning Commission with the assistance of The Citizens of Nelson County at the request of The Nelson County Board of Supervisors Staff support from the Thomas Jefferson Planning District Commission Design Resources Center, University of Virginia Nelson County Department of Planning Nelson County Comprehensive Plan Table of Contents Executive Summary i Chapter One-Portrait of Nelson County 1 A Brief History of Nelson County 1 Nelson County Today 2 Chapter Two-Purpose of the Plan 4 Chapter Three-Goals and Principles 5 Economic Development 5 Transportation 7 Education 8 Public and Human Services 9 Natural, Scenic, and Historic Resources 10 Recreation 11 Development Areas 13 Rural Conservation 14 Chapter Four-Land Use Plan 16 Introduction 16 Land Use Planning Data 17 Existing Land Use 17 Areas Served by Water and/or Sewer 19 Environmental Constraints: Steep Slopes, Soil Potential for Agricultural Use 21 Land Use Plan for Designated Development Areas 25 Rural Small Town Development Model 26 Rural Village Development Model 28 Neighborhood Mixed Use Development Model 30 Mixed Commercial Development Model 32 Light Industrial Development Model 34 Land Use Plan for Rural Conservation Areas 36 Future Land Use Plan and Map 38 Chapter Five – Transportation Plan 41 Introduction 41 Purpose 41 Background 42 Existing Plans and Studies 42 Existing Roadway Inventory 48 Interstate -
Powhatan Creek Blueway Brochure
The Blueway, open 24 hours a day, is located off Jamestown Road. The recommended roundtrip is about Public Access Points Emergencies eight miles from Powhatan Creek Park to the Causeway and back. Only well-prepared and highly skilled paddlers should attempt the additional eight-mile trip Much land along this creek is privately owned; please do Dial 911 for all emergencies. around Jamestown Island. not use private land. Public access points are located at: Cell phones are the best means of communication. Please keep in mind that Powhatan Creek and the Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway The dispatcher can contact the appropriate agency • Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway, a Chesapeake Discovering the Past; James River can change from peaceful and calm to 1831 Jamestown Road for aid. Although cell phones have become a widely harsh and extremely rough in a matter of minutes. used tool, do not rely on them entirely; you may be Bay Gateway, is one of your entry points to enjoy and Williamsburg, VA 23185 learn about the places and stories of the Chesapeake and Protecting the Future Therefore, plan your trip carefully and keep an eye For park information, call 757-259-5360. out of transmission range, cell phone batteries have on the weather! a short life, and some equipment is affected by the its watershed. The 64,000 square mile Bay watershed A visit to the Powhatan Creek Park and Blueway marine environment. For these reasons, VHF FM radios is a complex ecosystem. Home to over 15 million offers an opportunity to connect with the rich history • James City County Marina are an alternative. -
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development
Classifying Rivers - Three Stages of River Development River Characteristics - Sediment Transport - River Velocity - Terminology The illustrations below represent the 3 general classifications into which rivers are placed according to specific characteristics. These categories are: Youthful, Mature and Old Age. A Rejuvenated River, one with a gradient that is raised by the earth's movement, can be an old age river that returns to a Youthful State, and which repeats the cycle of stages once again. A brief overview of each stage of river development begins after the images. A list of pertinent vocabulary appears at the bottom of this document. You may wish to consult it so that you will be aware of terminology used in the descriptive text that follows. Characteristics found in the 3 Stages of River Development: L. Immoor 2006 Geoteach.com 1 Youthful River: Perhaps the most dynamic of all rivers is a Youthful River. Rafters seeking an exciting ride will surely gravitate towards a young river for their recreational thrills. Characteristically youthful rivers are found at higher elevations, in mountainous areas, where the slope of the land is steeper. Water that flows over such a landscape will flow very fast. Youthful rivers can be a tributary of a larger and older river, hundreds of miles away and, in fact, they may be close to the headwaters (the beginning) of that larger river. Upon observation of a Youthful River, here is what one might see: 1. The river flowing down a steep gradient (slope). 2. The channel is deeper than it is wide and V-shaped due to downcutting rather than lateral (side-to-side) erosion. -
An On-Line River Categorisation Tool
UNDERSTAND YOUR RIVER – AN ON-LINE RIVER ATEGORISATION OOL C T Figure 2. The successful River Restoration workshop that JBA ran in May 2012 brought to sharp relief that there is a vast gap in data, information and material availability relating to our understanding of River types natural processes in rivers and on floodplains. This means that many attempts at river restoration and naturalisation remain based around a limited overall understanding utilising a narrow set of Step-pool Description approaches developed largely for un-reactive low gradient heavily modified river channels. Step-pool river reaches are often composed of large boulder groups, forming steps separated by pools. The pools contain finer sediment. The channel is JBA are developing a website detailing the findings of the workshop and providing information and often stable and the channel gradient is steep. Typical features guidance on the character and functioning of rivers in the UK synthesised from academic research Typical features found in this river system include step-pools and rapids. Flow regime (Figure 1) and field experience (Figure 2). Common flow types include chutes and turbulent flow interspersed with pools. Figure 1. Braided Description Braided river reaches are rare in the UK. They occur in areas of high gradients with high bedload. The channel is characterised by a number of threads, which can be highly dynamic particularly during larger floods. Typical features Typical features found in this river system include rapids, riffles, pools and cut-off channels. Flow regime Common flow types include chutes. Rapid Wandering Description A wandering channel type has the characteristics of a braided and active single-thread system , with a smaller bed material size, a shallower slope and wider valley floor. -
Drainage Basin Morphology in the Central Coast Range of Oregon
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF WENDY ADAMS NIEM for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in GEOGRAPHY presented on July 21, 1976 Title: DRAINAGE BASIN MORPHOLOGY IN THE CENTRAL COAST RANGE OF OREGON Abstract approved: Redacted for privacy Dr. James F. Lahey / The four major streams of the central Coast Range of Oregon are: the westward-flowing Siletz and Yaquina Rivers and the eastward-flowing Luckiamute and Marys Rivers. These fifth- and sixth-order streams conform to the laws of drain- age composition of R. E. Horton. The drainage densities and texture ratios calculated for these streams indicate coarse to medium texture compa- rable to basins in the Carboniferous sandstones of the Appalachian Plateau in Pennsylvania. Little variation in the values of these parameters occurs between basins on igneous rook and basins on sedimentary rock. The length of overland flow ranges from approximately i mile to i mile. Two thousand eight hundred twenty-five to 6,140 square feet are necessary to support one foot of channel in the central Coast Range. Maximum elevation in the area is 4,097 feet at Marys Peak which is the highest point in the Oregon Coast Range. The average elevation of summits in the thesis area is ap- proximately 1500 feet. The calculated relief ratios for the Siletz, Yaquina, Marys, and Luckiamute Rivers are compara- ble to relief ratios of streams on the Gulf and Atlantic coastal plains and on the Appalachian Piedmont. Coast Range streams respond quickly to increased rain- fall, and runoff is rapid. The Siletz has the largest an- nual discharge and the highest sustained discharge during the dry summer months. -
James River Water Project – Frequently Asked Questions 1. Why Are the Counties of Louisa and Fluvanna Planning to Withdraw
James River Water Project – Frequently Asked Questions OCTOBER, 2019 Figure 1 - Project Route / Siting (blue line represents water line) 1. Why are the Counties of Louisa and Fluvanna planning to withdraw water from the James River? The 2002 statewide drought led then Governor Mark Warner to issue Executive Order 39 (the Virginia Water Supply Initiative), which mandated statewide long-range water supply planning to ensure growth projections could be met. Through the development of their long range (50 year) water supply plans (Louisa’s plan is online here; Fluvanna’s is here) and growth forecasts for the entirety of both localities, both counties identified a need for a sustainable water source. Existing groundwater and surface water sources in the area are insufficient (for example, Lake Anna cannot be used as a water supply due to its purpose to support the operations of the Dominion Energy Lake Anna Nuclear Power Plant). Without a sustainable water supply, existing residents could face increasing water use restrictions and new growth would eventually come to a stop. The James River Water project is intended to serve not only existing needs (such as the Zion Crossroads area of Louisa and Fluvanna), but current and future needs of both residential and commercial users throughout both counties. Page 1 James River Water Project – Frequently Asked Questions OCTOBER, 2019 2. Is there an urgent need to complete the James River Water Supply Project? Yes. Louisa and Fluvanna are growing. Homes, businesses, and industries need water. Current water capacities are unsustainable, and therefore the counties will not be able to sustain responsible, forecasted growth without the Project. -
Horizons River and Channel Morphology Report Version3
River and channel morphology: Technical Report prepared for Horizons Regional Council Measuring and monitoring channel morphology Dr. Ian Fuller Geography Programme School of People, Environment & Planning March 2007 River and channel morphology: Technical Report prepared for Horizons Regional Council Measuring and monitoring channel morphology Author: Dr. Ian Fuller Geography Programme School of People, Environment & Planning Reviewed By: Graeme Smart Fluvial Scientist NIWA Cover Photo: Tapuaeroa River, East Cape March 2007 Report 2007/EXT/773 FOREWORD As part of a review of the Fluvial Research Programme, Horizons Regional Council have engaged experts in the field of fluvial geomorphology to produce a report answering several key questions related to channel morphology and linkages with instream habitat diversity in Rivers of the Manawatu-Wanganui Region. This report is aimed at introducing concepts of the importance of morphological diversity in the Region’s rivers to the planning framework (to be used in the development of Horizons second generation Regional Plan – the One Plan). This expert advice has been used in the development of permitted activity baselines for activities in the beds of rivers and lakes which may influence the channel morphology and to address the cumulative impacts of these activities over time and space. Monitoring recommendations within this report provide guidance for the management of cumulative reductions in channel morphological diversity over time. Regional implementation of the monitoring of channel morphology is planned for introduction in the 2007/08 financial year through the newly reviewed Fluvial Research Programme. The monitoring will be conducted in line with recommendations from this report. Kate McArthur Environmental Scientist – Water Quality Horizons Regional Council ii CONTENTS Foreword i Contents 3 1. -
Itinerary: Jamestown , Williamsburg , Yorktown
Itinerary: Jamestown , Williamsburg , Yorktown Take the free shuttle of Jamestown which will lead you to Historic Jamestown, Jamestown Glasshouse and Jamestown Settlement. The shuttle of Yorktown will bring you to Yorktown Battlefield and Yorktown Victory Center. (Shuttles operate seasonally April-October) Day 1: Colonial Williamsburg Offers you a variety of activities making you discover the way lived the inhabitants of the capital of the Virginia during the 18th century. You will find more than 30 reconstructions of colonial houses, governmental buildings and craftsmen's workshops there exposing tools and techniques of colonial period. The historic district is a full of life village presenting also more than about twenty shops, restaurants and hotels. Hours: 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. 2009 Rates: Adults $34.95 $44.95* Youth (ages 6-17) $17.45 $22.45* Senior (age 62 and above) $34.45 $40.45* Possibility of on-line purchase *includes governor’s palace tour and two consecutive days’ access Contact: http://www.history.org/ P. O. Box 1776-Williamsburg, VA 23187-1776 ▪ Phone: (757) 229-1000 Day 2: Bush Gardens USA Voted the world’s “Most Beautiful Theme Park” for 18 consecutive years, Busch Gardens combines 17th century charm with 21st century technology to create the ultimate family experience. Situated on 100 action-packed acres, Busch Gardens boasts more than 50 thrilling rides and attractions, nine main stage shows, a wide variety of award-winning cuisine and world-class shops. He constitutes an ideal park to spend pleasant moments in family or with friends Hours: 9:00 a.m. -
James River Action Plan (J-RAP)
James River Action Plan (J-RAP) By: Reid Williams, Allie Kaltenbach, Michaella Becker, Andrew Ames Table of Contents Mission Statement……………………………………………………………………………. .2 Background…………………………………………………………………………………… 2 History……………………………………………………………………………………….... 2 Policies and Mandates in Place……………………………………………………………….. 3 Problems…………………………………………………………………………………….… 6 Problem 1: Harmful Algae blooms (blue algae)….……………………………....…… 8 Goals……………………………………………………………………….….. 8 Problem 2: Bacteria levels………………………………………………………….…. 9 Goals…………………………………………………………………………. 10 Problem 3: Wildlife/Habitat degradation……….......…………………………...…… 10 Goals…………………………………………………………………………. 10 J-RAP Summary of Goals..………………………………………………………………….. 11 References……………………………………………………………………………..…….. 12 1 Mission Statement: Our mission is to attain sufficient water quality standards for wildlife and recreation in the James River Basin of southern Virginia by the year 2030. Background: The James River Watershed is over 10,000 square miles in size and comprises of three sections, the Upper, Middle and Lower James (Middle James Roundtable). This watershed is home to about 3 million people. It emcompasses 15,000 miles of tributaries which include the Appomattox River, Chickahominy River, Cowpasture River, Hardware River, Jackson River, Maury River, Rivanna River, Tye River (James River Association). The James River is the largest tributary to the Chesapeake Bay (James River Association). History: The first inhabitants along the James water were nomadic hunters starting at least 15,000 years ago. Between about 10,000 to 3,000 years ago a collection of tribes described as Archaic Native Americans lived along the James river. They continued to be nomadic as they moved along the Basin seasonally, following animal migrations and plant growth cycles. This nomadic movement, along with the reasonable population, decreased the stress on the Basin due to human activities. It lasted for thousands of years because the way these tribes interacted with the watershed was sustainable. -
Chesapeake Bay TMDL Phase III Watershed Implementation Plan
8.4 The James River Basin Figure 1: Railroad Bridge at Sunset by Bill Piper (Courtesy of Scenic Virginia) Overview “The James is the largest of Virginia’s Chesapeake Bay watersheds, stretching from the West Virginia border east to the mouth in Hampton Roads. This nation was born on the banks of the James River, but it is also a distinctly Virginia river.”24 The James runs about 350 miles through the heart of Virginia, beginning in the Alleghany Mountains and flowing southeasterly to Hampton Roads where it enters the Chesapeake Bay (Figure 2). The James is formed by the confluence of the Jackson and Cowpasture Rivers and flows 242 miles to the fall line at Richmond and another 106 miles to the Bay. Notable tributaries to the tidal James include the Appomattox, Chickahominy, Pagan, Nansemond and Elizabeth Rivers. “It is the nation’s longest river to be contained in a single state. The mountain streams, Piedmont creeks and tidal marshes share the watershed with mountain villages, rolling pastures and broad expanses of croplands.”25 The James River Basin occupies the central portion of Virginia and covers 10,265 square miles or approximately 24% of the Commonwealth’s total land area. The 2010 population for the James River basin was approximately 2,892,000, with concentrations in two large metropolitan areas: the Greater Richmond – Petersburg area with over 650,000 and Tidewater, with over one million people. Two smaller population centers are the Lynchburg and Charlottesville areas, each with over 100,000 people. 24 Commonwealth of Virginia, (2005). Chesapeake Bay Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Strategy for the James River, Lynnhaven and Poquoson Coastal Basins 25 Commonwealth of Virginia, (2005). -
Fishing the Falls of the James in the Rocky, Fast, NonTidal Your Guide to Fishing the James River in Richmond Parts of the River (Upstream of the 14Th St
JAMES RIVER PARK SYSTEM BEFORE YOU BEGIN: • Be careful —in parts of the river the water is fast and turbulent with rocks that are slippery and sharp. • Always wear old tennis shoes or special river shoes when wading—avoid open toed sandals. • Hip boots and waders are usually not recommended. • It makes sense to wear a life jacket. Use of life jackets is mandatory when wading or in boats when the river exceeds 5 feet at the West ham Gauge and the river is closed to recreation when it exceeds 9 feet. • Boaters must have life jack ets in their craft at all times. • If the gauge is above 6 feet, fishing is generally poor Fishing the Falls of the James in the rocky, fast, non tidal Your Guide to Fishing the James River in Richmond parts of the river (upstream of the 14th St. Bridge). A MIXTURE OF ROARING RAPIDS, DEEP POOLS, AND CALM FLAT Fishing remains reasonably water creates some excellent fishing and beautiful scenery on the good in the slow, flat, tidal water area below the Fall James River within the city limits of Richmond. This brochure will Line (downstream of the help you locate ten popular points of access. It describes river con- 14th St. Bridge) up 9 feet ditions at those sites as well as the fish species usually found there. especially during the spring Additional information is provided about parking, bicycle access, and fish migration. any special safety concerns. It is best to use this brochure in conjunc- • Current river level informa tion with a standard park map.