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Mmistryof "on AlanW.Pope -* Minister 45© Natural ,., Tn W.T Foster -# taJci Deputy Minister Ontario

::^N ^ 5 ^ ONTARIO GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MAP P.2585 WENASAG GEOLOGICAL SERIES-PRELIMINARY MAP QUATERNARY GEOLOGY OK THE EAR FALLS AREA KENORA DISTRICT (PATRICIA PORTION)

Scale 1:50 000

Mile l o 1 Mile

Metre. 1000 o l Kilometre

NTS Reference 52 K/11 ODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Map. 860G ODM Geological Compilation Map: 2175 ETECTQR OMNR-OGS 1983

Part s of t his publication may be quoted if credit is given and the material is properly referenced.

This map is published with the permission of E.G. Pye. Director, Ontario Geological Survey. \ ir r.© - ?, s. v

C^i/V/ L

LOCATION MAP Scale: 1:1 584 000 or 1 inch to 25 miles

4-^^ 7/© J V j f -© LEGEND

PHANEROZOIC CENOZOIC QUATERNARY RECENT Organic deposits: peat, muck, organic-rich silt and clay

PLEISTOCENE Glaciolacustrine deposits: beach and near-shore de posits Ga Gravel, sandy gravel 6b Sand, silty sand

Glaciolacustrine deposits: deep water deposits of gla cial Lake Agassiz 5 Silt, clayey silt, clay, minor fine sand 5a Sill, clay overlain by less than one 1 m ot organic matenai and/or recent alluvium (silt, sandy silt)

Glaciofluviai deposits: includes kames and subaqueous fans, usually wave modified 4 Undifferentiated sand and gravel deposits 4a Gravel, sandy gravel 4b Sand, gravelly sand 4c Sand, gravel with thin clay and/or silt cover

Glacial and glaciofluvial deposits 3a* Very bouldery sand till deposited as end mo raine (Lac Seul Moraine) 3b Stratified sand, pebble and cobble gravel de posited as an integral part of the moraine, usual ly wave modified

Glacial deposits: stony sand to sandy silt till primarily deposited subglacially 2 Unmodified or slightly modified by wave action 2a Extensively modified by wave action 2b With a thin (less than 1 m) cover of glaciolacus trine silt and/or clay 2c With thin cover of sand, either glaciofluvial or glaciolacustrine

UNCONFORMITY

PRECAMBRIAN

1 l Bedrock 1 Areas ot bare rock or rock with a thin (less than 1 m) drift cover Bedrock with variable dritt cover, may subdue bed rock topography 1a Till cover 1b Glaciolacustrine clay, silt cover 1c Sand cover

NOTES Where two letters are used, The TWO corresponding materiai types are known or suspected to be present. -fc. © "Present in l he Pakwash map-area (P 2572) only.

SYMBOLS

Geological s©"~ Shore bluff or scarp boundary, approximate

Geological End moraine crest boundary, interpreted Kettle hole Small bedrock X outcrop Glacial striae

Sand or gravel pit Bedrock controlled scarp

Beach ridge or bar

93Q30© 25© 93000© SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Basemap and topography from Map 52 K/ 11 of the National Topogra MARGINAL NOTES phic Series. A,erial photography; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Toronto. INTRODUCTION pebble gravel overlain by 10 m of sand with minor gravel. The very developed silt and clay varves are exposed in sections along the Recent alluvial deposits of fine sand and silt are of limited thick Northwestern Ontario, and Its Bearing Upon Mineral Exploration; BEDROCK GEOLOGY lake, are widespread throughout the area. Many pre-existing Ontario Geological Survey. Miscellaneous Paper 72, 55p. Accom Contour interval: 10 metres. deposits were modified by wave action fine to medium sands of the pil©s eastern face show numerous English and Cedar Rivers and the shores of Lac Seul. They fre ness and areal extent and arc not shown as a separate map unit. Mapping of the surficial geology of the Ear Falls map-area (52 panied Dy Map P.1971. scale 1:253440 or 1 inch to 4 miles. Magnetic declination approximately 4"48©E, 1981. K/11 (and the adjoining Pakwash area (52 K i 14) (Ford 1982) was The Ear Falls area is located in the Superior Structural Province high angle faults, load casts of medium sand into fine sand, as quently cap subaqueous fan deposits. Couplets thin upwards in Fore, M J carried out during the 1981 field season. The author was ably of the Canadian Shield and lies within the northern supracrustal Glacial Deposits well as flow banded diamicton (flow till) units. The western face section from a maximum thickness of about 5 cm. Multiple fine ECONOMIC GEOLOGY Melnc Conversion Factor; 1 foot = 0.3048 m. domain of the English River Subprovince (Breaks e? ai. 1978). The displays broad, shallow, west-trending channels filled with cross- laminations and normal grading are common in the silty layers. 1982. Quaternary Geology of the Pakwash Area, Kenora District (Patricia assisted by G.T J Campbell, C A.C Braund, and E.J. Dzik. Pre The oldest unit recognized i ri the area is a sand to sandy silt till There are large amounts of sand in the Lac Seul Moraine and the Portion), Ontario Geological Survey, Map P 2572, Geological Se rocks in the area are believed to be entirely of Early Precambrian bedded and cross-laminated sand and pebble gravel. Thicker, sandy varves often mark the transition from underlying liminary reconnaissance was done in the area in 1978 by V.K. (map unit 2) of Late Wisconsinan age The till varies from massive other glaciofluvial deposits within the map-area. However, the ries-Preliminary Map, scale 1:50000, Geology 1981. Prest. Previous work in the region includes Zoltai f 1961, 1965), (Archean) age. The area was mapped at reconnaissance scale to distinctly fissile. Us colour is usually olive grey, weathering to Most of the sand deposits in the area are interpreted as glaciofluvial sands. Dropstones are relatively sparse in these as part of Operation Kenora-Ear Falls by Breaks et ai. (1976). glaciolacustrine deposits bulk of the material in the subaqueous fans is too tine for many Neilson, J M. Prest (1963) and Neilsen (1981). The nearby Red Lake (52 N/4) brown or greyish brown. Clast content ranges from 5 to 20 07o. subaqueous fans, laid down in the deep waters of glacial Lake uses Sand suitable for use in concrete is readily available from 198 T Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study, Date Base CREDITS and Madsen (52 K/13) map-areas were mapped at a scale of Migmatites, derived from clastic metasediments, are the domi Unmodified till is usually moderately compact, with poor to mod Agassiz by meltwater issuing from Ihe ice. Typically, they consist Wave action in glacial Lake Agassiz reworked many older depos several existing pits in the moraine. Known reserves of coarse Map, Pakwash l ake: Ontario Geological Survey. Map 5107, scale 1:50000 by Prest (1931. 1982). nant rock types of the map-area. The degree of partial melting erate matrix cohesion. Commonly, wave action in glacial Lake ot horizontally stratified fine to medium sand with ripple and its and produced a series of distinct wave cut terraces on the Lac aggregates are limited, but current local demand can be met with 1.100000 Geology by M.J. Ford and assistants. 1981. vanes greatly, but rocks at the metatexite stage of anatexis are Agassiz has winnowed me silt and very fine sand out of the upper Seul Moraine. Gravel deposits on these terraces are patchy and Field methods included handaugering. test pitting, and the exami climbing ripple cross laminations occurring in sets up lo 60 cm the excellent material available in the l ac Seul Moraine near Prest. V.K nation of natural and man-made exposures. Access to the area the most common. The metamorphic grade is high, with assem 30 to 40 cm leaving a loose, poorly sorted, gravelly sand. Areas thick. The sets are often separated by thin clay laminae that rarely exceed 1 m in thickness. There is an extensive area of gravel Wenasaga Lake. Detailed work, including power equipment in 1963: Red Lake-Lansdowne House Area, Northwestern Ontario. Surficial Every possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the the southern boundary of the map-area just east of the was provided by Highway 10b, the South Bay Mine road, forestry blages such as cordierile-garnet (alniandine?)-potassium feld of till outcrop within the map-area are limited due to the extensive frequently are draped over the ripple forms. These sands are often lag near vestigation, is required to properly determine the quantity and Geology; Geological Survey ol Canada, Paper 63-6. Accomoanied information presented on this map; however, the Ontario Ministry of roads, and along Ihe numerous waterways by power boat and spar commonly observed. The wacke paleosomes of the rnetatex- mantle of glaciolacustrine silts and clays. The degree of continuity transitional upward into laminated (varved) glaciolacustrine clays Lac Seul Moraine. Thin veneers of fine to silty fine sand frequently quality of gravel within the moraine. by Map 4-1963 Natural Resources does not assume any liability for errors that may ites often display good glacial striations and provide much of the of the till in the subsurface is unknown. and silts, though sharp contacts are also seen. A coarse facies, overlie till and glaciofluvial sediments, and often extend out over canoe. Remote areas were reached using float-equipped fixed- Peat bogs within the map-area are too small or remote to be of 1981: Quaternary Geology of the Red Lake Area. District of Kenora occur. Users may wish to verity critical information; sources include both ice flow data for the area. There are several small occurrences consisting ol gravel and gravelly medium to coarse sand displays flanking glaciolacustrine silts and clays Mappable deposits of wing aircraft. Pace and compass traverses were run over much Glaciofluvial Deposits commercial interest. (Patricia Portion); Ontario Geological Survey, Preliminary Map the references listed here, and information on file at the Resident or ol the area. Vertical air photos, at a scale of 1:15 840, were used of felsic intrusive rocks within the area, generally trondhjemite to both planar and trough cross bedding. This facies was rarely these shallow water sediments are locally present adjacent to the P.2398. Geological Series, scale V50 000. Geology 1978. 1979, Regional Geologist©s office and the Mining Recorder©s office nearest the Moraine and some ol Ihe larger sand bodies. extensively. granodiorite. Glaciofluvial deposits arc abundant and include subaqueous fans observed in the field and usually is of limited areal extent. Lac Seul 1980. map-area. and karnes (map unit 4) and the bulk of the Lac Seul Moraine (map Thanks are due to E. Everley. District Manager. Red Lake District, Recent Organic and Alluvial Deposits REFERENCES 1982: Quaternary Geology of Ihe Madsen Area, Kenora District (Patricia QUATERNARY GEOLOGY unit 3b). There are no major eskers within the map-area. The Glaciolacustrine Deposits Portion); Ontario Geological Survey, Rlap P.2484. Geological Se Ministry of Natural Resources, and his staff, especially Tom limited exposures available in the Lac Seul Moraine usually show The most widespread surficial materials in the map-area are the Accumulations of organic material (map unit 7) are found in bogs Breaks, F W., Bond. W.D., Desnoyers, D.W Stone. Denver, and Hams, ries-Preliminary Map, scale 1:50000. Geology 1978, 1979, 1980. Campbell, Tannis Innis, and Barbara l arkin. Marcel Durocher, Quaternary sediments in the map-area are of probable Late Issued 1983 - horizontally stratified fine to medium sand, gravelly sand, and fine-grained sediments of glacial Lake Agassiz (map unit 5) These and swamps throughout the area. Peat deposits in spruce bogs N. Zoltai. S.C. Resident Geologist, Ministry of Natural Resources, Red Lake, and Wisconsinan and Recent age. Measurements of striations indicate Falls, Bruce-Bluffy Lakes Sheet. District of minor gravel with tew deformation structures Measurements of deposits range from apparently massive silt to rythmically lami are derived from sphagnum and sedges and are usually thicker 1976. Operation Kenora-Far 1961: Glacial History ol Part of Northwestern Ontario; Proceedings, Geo Kathenne van Leeuwen of this office were very helpful over the westerly Late Wisconsinan ice flow As the ice margin receded Kenora. Ontario Division of Mines, Preliminary Map P.I 199, Geo cross-bedding and ripple marks generally indicate westerly or nated clay and silt. The maximum elevation at which these sedi than 1.5 m. Muck and organic-rich silt are common in alder logical Association ol Canada. Volume 13. p.61-83 Information from this publication may be quoled if credit is given It is course ot the field season, The invaluable help and advice of V.K. Series, scale 1.63 630 or 1 inch to 1 mile. Geology 1975. to the east, the area was progressively inundated by the waters northwesterly paleocurrents. In a large sand and gravel pit in the ments are found is about 380 m over most of the area but exceeds swamps along streams. Areas with thin organic deposits over logical recommended that reference be made in the following form: Prest is gratefully acknowledged. of glacial Lake Agassiz Fine-grained sediments, deposited in this 1965: Surficial Geology. Kenora-Rainy River; Ontario Department of moraine west of Wenasaga l ake there is 6 to 8 m of well-sorted 400 m in the extreme southeastern corner of the map-area. Well glaciolacustrine silt and clay are shown as map unit 5a. Breaks, F.W., Bond. W.D., and Stone. Denver Landsand Forests. Map S165, scale 1.506 8BOor1 inch to 8 miles. 1978© Preliminary Geological Synthesis oi the English River Subprovince, Ford. MJ. 1983: Quaternary Geology of the Far Falls Area. Kenora District (Patri cia Portion); Ontario Geological Survey, Map P.2585, Geological Series-Preliminary Map. scale 1,50000, Geology 1981.