Antioch University New England Student Handbook and Course Listing
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RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian's “Great
ABSTRACT RICE, CARL ROSS. Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy. (Under the direction of Prof. S. Thomas Parker) In the year 303, the Roman Emperor Diocletian and the other members of the Tetrarchy launched a series of persecutions against Christians that is remembered as the most severe, widespread, and systematic persecution in the Church’s history. Around that time, the Tetrarchy also issued a rescript to the Pronconsul of Africa ordering similar persecutory actions against a religious group known as the Manichaeans. At first glance, the Tetrarchy’s actions appear to be the result of tensions between traditional classical paganism and religious groups that were not part of that system. However, when the status of Jewish populations in the Empire is examined, it becomes apparent that the Tetrarchy only persecuted Christians and Manichaeans. This thesis explores the relationship between the Tetrarchy and each of these three minority groups as it attempts to understand the Tetrarchy’s policies towards minority religions. In doing so, this thesis will discuss the relationship between the Roman state and minority religious groups in the era just before the Empire’s formal conversion to Christianity. It is only around certain moments in the various religions’ relationships with the state that the Tetrarchs order violence. Consequently, I argue that violence towards minority religions was a means by which the Roman state policed boundaries around its conceptions of Roman identity. © Copyright 2016 Carl Ross Rice All Rights Reserved Diocletian’s “Great Persecutions”: Minority Religions and the Roman Tetrarchy by Carl Ross Rice A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History Raleigh, North Carolina 2016 APPROVED BY: ______________________________ _______________________________ S. -
How Did Geography Help Rome Rise to Power the Roman Empire Dominated Most of Europe and Much of Africa and the Middle East for Centuries
How did Geography Help Rome Rise to Power The Roman Empire dominated most of Europe and much of Africa and the Middle East for centuries. So great was the empire that it influences geopolitics even today. Often overlooked is the role that geography played in the great city's rise to power. Several geographic advantages helped Rome to grow and ultimately dominate the known world. Protection From Invasion Two mountain ranges, the Alps and the Apennines, helped to protect Rome from invasion. The Apennines divide the Italian peninsula in half and, according to SPQR Online, allowed the Romans to mass forces for counter-attack whenever they were threatened. Any army attempting to attack Rome would be at risk of attack from the other side of the mountains. The Alps, located on the northern border of modern-day Italy, seal off the peninsula from the rest of Europe during winter. This natural roadblock protected Rome from outside invasions by forcing attackers to move slowly through narrow passes, giving the Romans time to respond. Fertile Land Rich volcanic soil makes the Po and Tiber river valleys ideally suited for agriculture. Historian Mike Anderson notes that volcanic ash made the soil near Rome some of the best in all of Europe. Rome attracted new settlers during its rise to power due to its agricultural potential, according to Collins Hill High School teacher Julie Smith. The Roman population grew quickly, thanks to surplus production of grains, olives and other crops. The extra population later helped Rome's military expansion by providing a large supply of troops. -
Anglo-Saxon Constitutional History
Outline 9/14/2020 ROMAN LAW PRINCIPATE CONSTITUTIONAL OUTLINE, PROCEDURE OUTLINE I. Chronology: Principate 27 BC – 284 AD; Dominate: 284–476 AD (in the West). There is some controversy as to where to place the beginning of the Dominate. 284 AD, the beginning of the reign of Diocletian, seems best. He seems to have been the first emperor to use the word dominus, from which we get ‘dominate’ as part of his official title. 1. 27 BC – 284 AD: Principate a. 27 BC – 69 AD: Julio-Claudian emperors. Augustus, Tiberius, Gaius (called Caligula), Claudius (made emperor by the praetorian guard), Nero (of burning of Rome fame) b. 68/69 AD, the year of the four emperors: Galba, Otho, Vitellus, Vespasian. The succession problem becomes public c. .69–96 AD: Flavian emperors (soldiers all): Vespasian, Titus (sacks Jerusalem), Domitian (Titus’ brother) d. 96–180 AD: “5 good emperors”: Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, Marcus Aurelius. The first three were unrelated, the last two began a dynasty of Antonines. e. 180–235 AD: The Antonine dynasty merged into the Severan dynasty: Commodus (Marcus Aurelius’ son, a disaster as an emperor), Septimius Severus (a tough soldier and a good administrator), Caracalla (of baths and constitutio Antoniniana fame), Elagabalus (a sun-worshipper from the East), Severus Alexander (the last of the line). The last great classical jurist died shortly after the end of the Severan dynasty. The chronology continues; the following will be considered in class on 9/22/2020: f. 235–284 AD: “30 tyrants” 2. 284–565 AD: Dominate II. The Constitution of the Principate 1. -
27 Constantine.Key
Roman Civilization 27: Constantine Administrative Stuf Paper III • Tesis and Topic Sentences: Due Now Midterm II • Tursday! Class website • htp://www.unm.edu/~cjdietz/romanciv/ • Updated. Administrative Stuf Paper III • Due: May 10, 5:30 p.m. Course Evaluations • Your feedback is requested. • You should have received an email from UNM. Check your email. Fall Semester: • Greek Civilization • MW 5:30-6:45 • Registration is open! • Tell your fiends! Questions? Te Dominate Starting with Diocletian Diocletian November 20, 284 - May 1, 305 Rise to Power • Born: December 2, 244 in Spalatum (Split, Croatia) • Emperor on November 20, 284 • Te Dominate (fr. Dominus) Te Dominate Starting with Diocletian Principate to Dominate • Imperator to Dominus • No longer concerned with any illusions of a republic • Dominus as divine • Proskynesis • Luxury palaces • Diocletian’s Palace Diocletian’s Palace, Split, Croatia Diocletian November 20, 284 - May 1, 305 Tetrarchy • Knew empire was too big to manage efectively • In 286, named Maximian co-emperor Tetrarchy Caesares and Augusti Tetrarchy March 1, 293 Empire was too big to manage, even with two emperors • Tetrarchy = tetra + archy (cf. monarchy) • East • Augustus: Diocletian • Caesar: Galerius • West • Augustus: Maximian • Caesar: Constantius Te Tetrarchy Confusing Tetrarchy Caesares and Augusti East West Augustus Diocletian Maximian Abdicated: May 1, 305 Abdicated: May 1, 305 Caesar Galerius Constantius Confusing Tetrarchy Caesares and Augusti East West Augustus Galerius Constantius Died July 25, 306 Caesar -
The Roman Empire. Or Republic. Or...Which Was It?: Crash Course
Transcript The Roman Empire. Or Republic. Or...Which Was It?: Crash Course World History #10 Julius Caesar crossed the Rubicon, destroyed the Roman Republic, and turned it into an empire before getting stabbed a bunch of times. Or did he? Well, he definitely crossed the Rubicon and got stabbed, but did Caesar actually make Rome an empire? In this video, John Green discusses Caesar’s rise to power and argues that Rome already was an empire way before Julius Caesar crossed a river and stuck some leaves on his head. Transcript The Roman Empire. Or Republic. Or...Which Was It?: Crash Course World History #10 Timing and description Text 00:01 Hi, I’m John Green, this is Crash Course World History, and today we’re going to learn about the Roman Empire, which of course began when two totally Drawing of Romulus and nonfictional twins, Romulus and Remus, who’d been raised by wolves, founded a Remus breastfeeding on a city on seven hills. wolf John Green as his younger Mr. Green, Mr. Green, what, what does SPQR stand for? self It means, “Shut Piehole Quickly, Rapscallion.” No, it means, “Senatus Populusque Romanus,” one of the mottos of the Roman republic. So today we’re going to do Sculpture and painting of some old-school Great Man history and focus on Julius Caesar while trying to Julius Caesar answer a question, “When, if ever, is it okay to stab someone 23 times? CCWH theme song plays 00:40 Shakespeare answers that question by saying that Roman senators killed Caesar because he was going to destroy the Roman republic, but even if that’s true, we still have to answer whether A) the Roman republic was worth preserving, and B) whether Caesar actually destroyed it. -
European Middle Ages, 500-1200
European Middle Ages, 500-1200 Previewing Main Ideas EMPIRE BUILDING In western Europe, the Roman Empire had broken into many small kingdoms. During the Middle Ages, Charlemagne and Otto the Great tried to revive the idea of empire. Both allied with the Church. Geography Study the maps. What were the six major kingdoms in western Europe about A.D. 500? POWER AND AUTHORITY Weak rulers and the decline of central authority led to a feudal system in which local lords with large estates assumed power. This led to struggles over power with the Church. Geography Study the time line and the map. The ruler of what kingdom was crowned emperor by Pope Leo III? RELIGIOUS AND ETHICAL SYSTEMS During the Middle Ages, the Church was a unifying force. It shaped people’s beliefs and guided their daily lives. Most Europeans at this time shared a common bond of faith. Geography Find Rome, the seat of the Roman Catholic Church, on the map. In what kingdom was it located after the fall of the Roman Empire in A.D. 476? INTERNET RESOURCES • Interactive Maps Go to classzone.com for: • Interactive Visuals • Research Links • Maps • Interactive Primary Sources • Internet Activities • Test Practice • Primary Sources • Current Events • Chapter Quiz 350 351 What freedoms would you give up for protection? You are living in the countryside of western Europe during the 1100s. Like about 90 percent of the population, you are a peasant working the land. Your family’s hut is located in a small village on your lord’s estate. The lord provides all your basic needs, including housing, food, and protection. -
Uncivil Liberties and Libertines: Empire in Decay
Uncivil Liberties and Libertines: Empire in Decay MARIANNE MCDONALD 1. I’ve been a film nut from the time my parents would park me in a film theatre as their form of baby-sit- ting. My father invented phone vision, which was an early version of cablevision that allowed us to see newly released movies at home on our round television screen, which looked like an old Bendix washing machine. I wrote one of the earliest books on classics in cinema—and soon after, more books on the topic followed mine.1 I looked forward to seeing the films described in Ancient Rome, many of which I had not seen because I have avoided blood-fest films which invite being described with gore-filled ecstasy. (I have also avoided slasher movies, holocaust movies, and kiddie movies because they disturbed my possibly misguided sensi- bility.) The choices of films in Elena’s Theodorakopoulos’ book are all the work of interesting directors—some better than others, but the quality is, for the most part, high. The writ- ers for all these film scripts are generally outstanding. Good photography also seems to be a given. As we are told in the conclusion, “Whatever the story, spectacle is never far from Rome.” The key to assessing these treatments lies in the interpreta- tion of the portrayal of violence. Are we, the audience, ad- miring it? Calling for it, as we call for it in films by Quentin Tarentino, beginning with Reservoir Dogs (1992), or the se- ries called Saw, the seventh version (2010) now in 3-d? Do Elena Theodorakopoulos, Ancient Rome at the Cinema: Story and Spectacle in Hollywood and Rome. -
Roman History the LEGENDARY PERIOD of the KINGS (753
Roman History THE LEGENDARY PERIOD OF THE KINGS (753 - 510 B.C.) Rome was said to have been founded by Latin colonists from Alba Longa, a nearby city in ancient Latium. The legendary date of the founding was 753 B.C.; it was ascribed to Romulus and Remus, the twin sons of the daughter of the king of Alba Longa. Later legend carried the ancestry of the Romans back to the Trojans and their leader Aeneas, whose son Ascanius, or Iulus, was the founder and first king of Alba Longa. The tales concerning Romulus’s rule, notably the rape of the Sabine women and the war with the Sabines, point to an early infiltration of Sabine peoples or to a union of Latin and Sabine elements at the beginning. The three tribes that appear in the legend of Romulus as the parts of the new commonwealth suggest that Rome arose from the amalgamation of three stocks, thought to be Latin, Sabine, and Etruscan. The seven kings of the regal period begin with Romulus, from 753 to 715 B.C.; Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, from 534 to 510 B.C., the seventh and last king, whose tyrannical rule was overthrown when his son ravished Lucretia, the wife of a kinsman. Tarquinius was banished, and attempts by Etruscan or Latin cities to reinstate him on the throne at Rome were unavailing. Although the names, dates, and events of the regal period are considered as belonging to the realm of fiction and myth rather than to that of factual history, certain facts seem well attested: the existence of an early rule by kings; the growth of the city and its struggles with neighboring peoples; the conquest of Rome by Etruria and the establishment of a dynasty of Etruscan princes, symbolized by the rule of the Tarquins; the overthrow of this alien control; and the abolition of the kingship. -
A Comprehensive Survey of China's Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry
U.S. Naval War College U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons CMSI Red Books Reports & Studies 8-2008 A Comprehensive Survey of China's Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry Gabriel Collins Michael C. Grubb U.S. Navy Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cmsi-red-books Recommended Citation Collins, Gabriel and Grubb, Michael C., "A Comprehensive Survey of China's Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry" (2008). CMSI Red Books, Study No. 1. This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Reports & Studies at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in CMSI Red Books by an authorized administrator of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. U.S. NAVAL WAR COLLEGE CHINA MARITIME STUDIES Number 1 U.S. NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WAR NAVAL U.S. A Comprehensive Survey of China’s Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry Commercial Development and Strategic Implications CHINA MARITIME STUDIES No. 1 MARITIMESTUDIESNo. CHINA Gabriel Collins and Lieutenant Commander Michael C. Grubb, U.S. Navy A Comprehensive Survey of China’s Dynamic Shipbuilding Industry Commercial Development and Strategic Implications Gabriel Collins and Lieutenant Commander Michael C. Grubb, U.S. Navy CHINA MARITIME STUDIES INSTITUTE U.S. NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Newport, Rhode Island www.nwc.navy.mil/cnws/cmsi/default.aspx Naval War College The China Maritime Studies are extended research projects Newport, Rhode Island that the editor, the Dean of Naval Warfare Studies, and the Center for Naval Warfare Studies President of the Naval War College consider of particular China Maritime Study No. -
Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa
Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa Kathleen Beegle, Aline Coudouel, and Emma Monsalve, Editors A copublication of the Agence Française de Développement and the World Bank © 2018 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / Th e World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 21 20 19 18 Th is work is a product of the staff of Th e World Bank with external contributions. Th e fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily refl ect the views of Th e World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent, or the Agence Française de Développement. Th e World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Th e boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of Th e World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of Th e World Bank, all of which are specifi cally reserved. Rights and Permissions Th is work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO), http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo. Under the Creative Commons Attribution license, you are free to copy, distribute, transmit, and adapt this work, including for commercial purposes, under the following conditions: Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: Beegle, Kathleen, Aline Coudouel, and Emma Monsalve. -
Historical Evolution of Roman Infantry Arms And
HISTORICAL EVOLUTION OF ROMAN INFANTRY ARMS AND ARMOR 753 BC - 476 AD An Interactive Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the Faculty of the WORCESTER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE In partial fulfillment to the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By Evan Bossio Robert Chase Justin Dyer Stephanie Huang Marmik Patel Nathan Siegel Date: March 2, 2018 Submitted to: Professor Diana A. Lados Professor Luca Capogna Abstract During its time, the Roman Empire gained a formidable reputation as a result of its discipline and organization. The Roman Empire has made a lasting impact on the world due to its culture, political structure, and military might. The purpose of this project was to examine how the materials and processes used to create the weapons and armour helped to contribute to the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. This was done by analyzing how the Empire was able to successfully integrate new technologies and strategies from the regions the Empire conquered. The focus of this project is on the Empire's military, including the organization of the army, and the tactics and weapons used. To better understand the technology and innovations during this time the Roman long sword, spatha, was replicated and analyzed. 1 Acknowledgments The team would like to thank Professor Diana A. Lados and Professor Luca Capogna for this unique experience. The team would also like to thank Anthony Spangenberger for his guidance and time throughout the microstructure analysis. Lastly, this project could not have been done without Joshua Swalec, who offered his workshop, tools, and expertise throughout the manufacturing process 2 Table of Contents Abstract 1 Acknowledgments 2 Table of Contents 3 List of Figures 6 List of Tables 11 Authorship 12 1. -
Diocletian Biography 244 Born to a Family of Low Status in the Roman Province of Dalmatia
Diocletian Biography 244 Born to a family of low status in the Roman province of Dalmatia. Diocletian's parents were of low status, and writers critical of him claimed that his father was a scribe or a freedman of a senator. 264 Diocletian rose through the ranks of the military to become cavalry commander to the Emperor Carus. 284 In confusion at death of Carus, generals and tribunes called a council for the succession, chose Diocletian as emperor. On 20 November 284, the army of east gathered on a hill 5 kil. (3.1 mi) outside Nicomedia, army unanimously saluted Diocletian as new augustus, Diocletian example of the soldier- emperor who will dominate rest of roman history. (Constantine) 284 After his accession, Diocletian and Lucius Caesonius Bassus were named as consuls and assumed the fasces 284 MILAN: Dio. made his way to northern Italy, but it is not known whether he visited the city of Rome at this time. some modern historians state that Diocletian avoided the city, and that he did so on principle, as the city and its Senate were no longer politically relevant to the affairs of the empire and needed to be taught as much. Diocletian dated his reign from his elevation by the army, not the date of his ratification by the Senate, 285 MILAN. Diocletian raised his fellow-officer Maximian to the office of caesar, making him co-emperor. Diocletian was in a less comfortable position than most of his predecessors, as he had a daughter, Valeria, but no sons. His co-ruler had to be from outside his family, raising the question of trust.