SOLID WASTE AUTHORITY OF CENTRAL OHIO 2018 – 2032 Solid Waste Management Plan Approved February 28th, 2018 Prepared by: Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio Ratified Plan, February 28, 2018 Table of Contents CHAPTERS Chapter 1 – Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1‐1 Chapter 2 – District Profile ..................................................................................................... 2‐1 Chapter 3 – Waste Generation .............................................................................................. 3‐1 Chapter 4 – Waste Management ........................................................................................... 4‐1 Chapter 5 – Waste Reduction and Recycling ......................................................................... 5‐1 Chapter 6 – Budget ................................................................................................................ 6‐1 APPENDICES Appendix A – Reference Year, Planning Period, Goal Statement, Material Change in Circumstances, Explanations of Differences in Data ............................................................. A‐1 Appendix B – Recycling Infrastructure Inventory .................................................................. B‐1 Appendix C – Population Data ............................................................................................... C‐1 Appendix D – Disposal Data ................................................................................................... D‐1 Appendix E – Residential/Commercial Reduction and Recycling Data.................................. E‐1 Appendix F – Industrial Sector Reference Year Recycling ..................................................... F‐1 Appendix G – Waste Generation ........................................................................................... G‐1 Appendix H – Strategic Evaluation ......................................................................................... H‐1 Appendix I – Conclusions, Priorities, and Program Descriptions ............................................ I‐1 Appendix J – Reference Year Opportunity to Recycle and Demonstration of Achieving Goal 1 ........... .........................................................................................................J‐1 i Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio Ratified Plan, February 28, 2018 Appendix K – Waste Reduction and Recycling Rates and Demonstration of Achieving Goal 2 ........ ...........................................................................................................K‐1 Appendix L – Minimum Required Education Programs: Outreach and Marketing Plan and General Education Requirements ................................................................................... L‐1 Appendix M – Waste Management Capacity Analysis ......................................................... M‐1 Appendix N – Evaluating Greenhouse Gas Emissions ............................................................ N‐1 Appendix O – Financial Data .................................................................................................. O‐1 Appendix P – Designation ...................................................................................................... P‐1 Appendix Q – District Rules ................................................................................................... Q‐1 Appendix R – Blank Survey Forms and Related Information ................................................. R‐1 Appendix S – Siting Strategy .................................................................................................. S‐1 Appendix T – Miscellaneous Plan Documents ....................................................................... T‐1 Appendix U – Ratification Results .......................................................................................... U‐1 Appendix V – Rule Definitions ............................................................................................... V‐1 Appendix W – Miscellaneous Required Documents ............................................................. W‐1 ii Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio Ratified Plan, February 28, 2018 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Thank you for taking the time to review the Solid Waste Management Plan Update (“Plan”) for the Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio. This Plan is a regulatory document overseen by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency which serves as a roadmap for the State to reduce its reliance on landfills and to manage the solid waste generated in the State. The Plan describes the waste reduction and diversion programming that will be undertaken during the planning period and demonstrates that these programs are adequate to achieve the Plan’s goals. The body of the Plan consists of six chapters which provides an overview of the Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio as well as a snapshot of technical information such as projections and calculations relating to waste generation and diversion activities. Detailed analyses are provided in a series of appendices. This first chapter provides the reader with an introduction to the solid waste management planning process in the State of Ohio as well as an introduction to the Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio, including its mission, vision and guiding principles. A. Solid Waste Planning in Ohio In 1988, Ohio faced numerous solid waste management issues including rapidly declining disposal capacity at existing landfills, increasing quantities of waste being generated and disposed, environmental problems at many existing solid waste disposal facilities, and increasing quantities of waste being imported into Ohio from other states. These issues, combined with Ohio’s outdated and incomplete solid waste regulations, caused Ohio’s General Assembly to pass House Bill 592 (“HB 592”). HB 592 dramatically revised Ohio's outdated solid waste regulatory program and established a comprehensive solid waste planning process. There are three overriding purposes of this planning process which are to: Reduce the amount of waste Ohioans generate and dispose; Ensure that Ohio has adequate, protective capacity at landfills to dispose of its waste; and Reduce Ohio’s reliance on landfills. B. Requirements of County and Joint Solid Waste Management Districts 1. Structure As a result of HB 592, each of the 88 counties in Ohio must be a member of a solid waste management district (“SWMD”). A SWMD is formed by county commissioners. A board of county commissioners has the option of forming a single county SWMD or joining with the board(s) of county commissioners from one or more other counties to form a multi‐county SWMD. Counties also have the option of forming a regional solid waste management authority (“Authority”), 1‐1 Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio Ratified Plan, February 28, 2018 which has the same roles and responsibilities as a SWMD. Ohio currently has 52 SWMDs. Of these, 37 are single‐county SWMDs or Authorities and 15 are multi‐ county SWMDs. A SWMD reports to the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (“Ohio EPA”). In the case of an Authority, such as the Solid Waste Authority of Central Ohio (“SWACO”), it is a Board of Trustees (“Board”) that prepares, adopts, and submits the Plan. Whereas a single county SWMD or multi‐county SWMD has two governing bodies, a policy committee and board of directors; an Authority has one governing body, the Board. The Board performs all of the duties of a SWMD’s board of directors and policy committee. In the case of SWACO, the Board works directly with SWACO staff to engage in the planning process and develop the Plan. 2. Solid Waste Management Plan In its Plan, the Board must, among other things, demonstrate that SWACO will have access to at least 10 years of landfill capacity to manage all of the solid waste within its defined geographical jurisdiction (“District”). The solid waste management plan must also show how SWACO will meet the waste reduction and diversion goals established in Ohio’s state solid waste management plan (“State Plan”) and present a budget for implementing its Plan. Plans must contain the information and data prescribed in Ohio Revised Code (ORC) 3734.53and Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) Rule 3745‐27‐90. Ohio EPA prescribes the format that details the information that is required and the manner in which that information is presented. The Board begins by preparing a draft of the Plan. After completing the draft version, the Board submits the draft to Ohio EPA. Ohio EPA reviews the draft and provides the policy committee with comments. After revising the draft to address Ohio EPA’s comments, the Board makes the Plan available to the public for comment, holds a public hearing, and revises the plan as necessary to address the public’s comments. Next, the Board ratifies the solid waste management plan. Ratification is the process that the Board must follow to give District communities the opportunity to approve or reject the draft Plan. Once the Plan is ratified, the Board submits the ratified Plan to Ohio EPA for review and approval or disapproval. From start to finish, preparing a Plan can take up to 33 months. The Board is required to submit periodic updates to its solid waste management plan to Ohio EPA. How often the Board must update its Plan depends upon the number of years in the planning period. For an approved Plan that covers a planning period of between 10 and 14 years, the Board must submit a revised Plan