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The Mountains of Crete
208 THE MOUNTAINS OF CRETE THE MOUNTAINS OF CRETE BY L. H. HURST F he is not already aware of the fact, the visitor to Crete will at once perceive that it is a highly mountainous island. There are three groups whose summits exceed z,ooo m. In the west, the White Mountains rise behind Canea and fall steeply on the south to the Libyan sea. The area contains some twenty such summits and is by far the most important of the three. Mount Ida (in Greek, Psiloriti) rises in the centre of the island. In the east, the upland Lasithi plain is ringed by hills and mountains which reach their highest point in Mount Dikte to the south. With the possible exception of one particular face, the rock climber is unlikely to find anything to interest him in Crete. All the summits are easy and can be reached from various directions. But for the elderly mountaineer, whose more active days are behind him but who is still able to walk and to whom untravelled regions have an appeal, Crete may well be the answer. The mountains are best visited at the end of April or in early May, while some snow still remains to give them such beauty as they may claim and add to the interest of the ascents. Only a great enthusiast would wander amongst them in the months of summer when they have been stripped to their bare bones and their grey limestone faces blench and shimmer under a sun that is more African than European. -
Bonelli's Eagle and Bull Jumpers: Nature and Culture of Crete
Crete April 2016 Bonelli’s Eagle and Bull Jumpers: Nature and Culture of Crete April 9 - 19, 2016 With Elissa Landre Photo of Chukar by Elissa Landre With a temperate climate, Crete is more pristine than the mainland Greece and has a culture all its own. Crete was once the center of the Minoan civilization (c. 2700–1420 BC), regarded as the earliest recorded civilization in Europe. In addition to birding, we will explore several famous archeological sites, including Knossos and ancient Phaistos, the most important centers of Minoan times. Crete’s landscape is very special: defined by high mountain ranges, deep valleys, fertile plateaus, and caves (including the mythological birthplace of the ancient Greek god, Zeus) Rivers have cut deep, exceptionally beautiful gorges that create a rich presence of geological wealth and have been explored for their aromatic and medicinal plants since Minoan times. Populations of choughs, Griffon Vultures, Lammergeiers, and swifts nest on the steep cliffs. A fantastic variety of birds and plants are found on Crete: not only its resident bird species, which are numerous and include rare and endangered birds, but also the migrants who stop over on Crete during their journeys to and from Africa and Europe. The isolation of Crete from mainland Europe, Asia, and Africa is reflected in the diversity of habitats, flora, and avifauna. The richness of the surroundings results in an impressive bird species list and often unexpected surprises. For example, last year a Blue- cheeked Bee-eater, usually only seen in northern Africa and the Middle East, was spotted. Join us for this unusual and very special trip. -
Report on Species of Plants Requiring Protection in Greece and Measures for Securing Their Protection
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by I-Revues REPORT ON SPECIES OF PLANTS REQUIRING PROTECTION IN GREECE AND MEASURES FOR SECURING THEIR PROTECTION BY Const. GOULIMIS 21, rue Hippocrate Athens (Greece) This report has been divided in three parts. The first part deals with a list of species and other taxa of the Greek flora requiring protection. The second part deals with the destruction of rare plants and its causes and the third part deals with suggested remedies. PART 1. A list of species and other taxa of the Greek flora requiring protection. A list of the species and other taxa of the Greek flora which, in my opinion, require protection is annexed to this report. ln order to explain the comparatively great number of plants which appear in this list, 1 would mention that the flora of this country is one of the richest of Europe. containing about 6,000 taxa, a number consid� erably larger than that of France, Belgium and Switzerland put together, in spite of the fact that the total expanse of these countries is more than six times that of Greece. ln addition, as mentioned below, this country has a very large number of endemics, in fact, in proportion to her size, Greece has more endemics than any other European country. For the compilation of this list, 1 have reviewed the flora of the following districts of Greece : l. Continental Greece ( Sterea He lias). 2. Peloponnese. 3. Thessaly. 4. Epirus. 5. The island of Euboea (including the Sporades islands). -
Mont Blanc in British Literary Culture 1786 – 1826
Mont Blanc in British Literary Culture 1786 – 1826 Carl Alexander McKeating Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Leeds School of English May 2020 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Carl Alexander McKeating to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by Carl Alexander McKeating in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Acknowledgements I am grateful to Frank Parkinson, without whose scholarship in support of Yorkshire-born students I could not have undertaken this study. The Frank Parkinson Scholarship stipulates that parents of the scholar must also be Yorkshire-born. I cannot help thinking that what Parkinson had in mind was the type of social mobility embodied by the journey from my Bradford-born mother, Marie McKeating, who ‘passed the Eleven-Plus’ but was denied entry into a grammar school because she was ‘from a children’s home and likely a trouble- maker’, to her second child in whom she instilled a love of books, debate and analysis. The existence of this thesis is testament to both my mother’s and Frank Parkinson’s generosity and vision. Thank you to David Higgins and Jeremy Davies for their guidance and support. I give considerable thanks to Fiona Beckett and John Whale for their encouragement and expert interventions. -
Constellation Legends
Constellation Legends by Norm McCarter Naturalist and Astronomy Intern SCICON Andromeda – The Chained Lady Cassiopeia, Andromeda’s mother, boasted that she was the most beautiful woman in the world, even more beautiful than the gods. Poseidon, the brother of Zeus and the god of the seas, took great offense at this statement, for he had created the most beautiful beings ever in the form of his sea nymphs. In his anger, he created a great sea monster, Cetus (pictured as a whale) to ravage the seas and sea coast. Since Cassiopeia would not recant her claim of beauty, it was decreed that she must sacrifice her only daughter, the beautiful Andromeda, to this sea monster. So Andromeda was chained to a large rock projecting out into the sea and was left there to await the arrival of the great sea monster Cetus. As Cetus approached Andromeda, Perseus arrived (some say on the winged sandals given to him by Hermes). He had just killed the gorgon Medusa and was carrying her severed head in a special bag. When Perseus saw the beautiful maiden in distress, like a true champion he went to her aid. Facing the terrible sea monster, he drew the head of Medusa from the bag and held it so that the sea monster would see it. Immediately, the sea monster turned to stone. Perseus then freed the beautiful Andromeda and, claiming her as his bride, took her home with him as his queen to rule. Aquarius – The Water Bearer The name most often associated with the constellation Aquarius is that of Ganymede, son of Tros, King of Troy. -
Mt Ida in Mythology and Classical Antiquity - a Plant Scientist's Approach
Mt Ida in Mythology and Classical Antiquity - a Plant Scientist's Approach Costas A. Thanos Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece The word ‘idi’ (or ‘ida’ in its Dorian form) was used in early Ancient Greek under various, closely related meanings: trees for timber (only in plural), forest, wood, timber (e.g. timber for shipbuilding); it was also used to denote a densely wooded mountain (Dimitrakos 1964). The 2 most famous synonymous mountains among them are Mt Ida of Crete (the highest of Crete, 2456 m) and Mt Ida of Troad (today Kaz Dağ, 1774 m). Mythology Despite its relatively low height, Mt Ida was the home of several myths. A short narration of the three, by far most important myths related to Mt Ida follows. 1. Zeus and Ganymede Ganymede, whose name means ‘bright’, ‘brilliant’ or ‘irradiant’ was said to be the most beautiful of mortals. He was the youngest son of the King Tros (brother of Ilus, the founder of Troy) and his wife Callirhoe. Ganymede, when barely adolescent, was guarding his father's sheep in the mountainous slopes of Ida near Troy, Zeus fell in love with him, changed himself into an eagle and abducted Ganymede to Mount Olympus (Figure 1). Ganymede was chosen by Zeus to be forever young as bearer of the golden cup of divine nectar and when the Olympian gods of ancient Greece gathered for a feast, it was Ganymede who served them wine. As a compensation for his kidnapping, Zeus offered his grieving father, King Tros, a stable of magnificent horses. -
THE ROUTE of AENEAS Mythology, Archaeology and Tourism
THE ROUTE OF AENEAS Mythology, Archaeology and Tourism T.C. EDREMİT ANTANDROS MUNICIPALITY EXCAVATIONS Vergilius (Virgil), a poet of the Augustan period, wrote a book on the adventures of Aeneas, a Trojan hero and the son of the goddess Aphrodite (Lat. Venus), in order to give a race to the Roman lineage. In accordance with the Gods’ will, Aeneas escaped from Troy after the downfall of the city with a wooden horse trick, together with his father Anchises and his son Ascanius. A new task given by the Gods to the hero was to refound the city of Troy in the lands where they would be able to maintain Trojan descendants for centuries. Aeneas, carrying his aged father on his shoulders and taking his little son by the hand, led the survivors to the coast of Antandros (ancient city situated on the northwest of modern Edremit/Altınoluk – the district of Balıkesir Province). Antandros has two harbours and two shipyards. Timber rich Mount Ida, on whose slopes also housed Antandros, which was a supplier of the timber for ships. Having built a fleet of twenty ships he set sail with his Trojan companions to seek a new land in the early spring. He first landed on the shores of Thrace and there started establishing a city called Aenos (modern name Enez). However, he was interrupted by the shade of Polydorus, son of Priamos, who directed him to leave the cursed land immediately and to search for another climate for his intended city. He directed his course to south and soon arrived at Delos to consult the oracle of Apollon (Lat. -
Rosicrucian Heritage
Rosicrucian Heritage The best way to obtain the blessings of the Cosmic is to acknowledge the blessings that are ours. March 2018, Vol 25 No 1 To order any of these books, contact us at: Rosicrucian Supply Bureau, Rosicrucian Park, State Housing Estate, PMB 1220, Calabar, Cross River State. Email: [email protected] --- Tel: 080-3095-6805 or 080-7067-9044 Self Mastery and Fate with the Cycles of Life – by H Spencer Lewis -- 160 pages / softback HE SYSTEM outlined in this book is probably the closest you will get to a rational Tdivinatory system based on self evident truths rather than belief in an immoveable 'fate' from which there is no escape. Lewis' book gives a system of accurate prediction of tendencies in life, based on a 'system-of-seven' unrelated to Astrology, Tarot, I-Ching or any other system of divination. Free will and personal choice is the central thread running through this widely read and respected book. The Disciple and Shamballa – by Raymund Andrea -- 118 pages / softback HET SPIRI UAL realm of Shamballa as defined by Andrea, is beyond most human Tunderstanding and some of the masters even have not fully attained it. Yet, Shamballa must eventually be striven for and reached by all who seek the holy existence of union with God. Through nearness toS hamballa, the humble soul overcomes what Andrea calls the 'Nemesis of Karma' and draws upon Shamballic sources of infinite creative power to accomplish a remarkable transformation. 2019 – AMORC Book now. Discipleship on Trial – by Raymund Andrea -- 148 pages / softback –– Code: 900 –– £10.95 World Convention HL I ETHE old world during the Second World War was rapidly changing its values Wand perspectives, the whole concept of discipleship was being left behind and failed From Wednesday 14th to Sunday whether in Brazil, California, and there is every indication to adapt to the practical world of necessities. -
Ecotourism Guide to NATURA 2000 Network Areas on Crete
Ecotourism guide to NATURA 2000 network areas on Crete Be part of it, protect it! Operational Programme for Crete and the Aegean Islands Co-financed by Greece and the European Union Preface Dear friends, The past, present and future of Crete are inextricably bound up with its exceptional natural environment. Rich biodiversity, a significant number of endemic species, a variety of ecosystems and landscapes of outstanding natural beauty are what characterize our natural heritage. In acknowledging the value of our natural environment’s multiple functions as regards healthy living and quality of life, as well as in implementing our vision of sustainable development, Crete Regional Authority has made the protection, sound management and promotion of our island’s nature its top priority. The NATURA 2000 Network protected areas have a significant role to play in realising that aim, given that they act as key reserves for nature conservation throughout Europe. In publishing this “Ecotourism guide to NATURA 2000 network areas on Crete” we present the NATURA 2000 areas on Crete, highlighting their characteristics and stressing both their value and their prospects for growth. Sculpted by time and six thousand years of human history, our island’s nature is a common good each of us can enjoy, while also being under the obligation to protect it. We can only hope that through this guide we will all come to better know the NATURA 2000 protected areas, and understand the need to protect them. Regional Governor of Crete Stavros Arnaoutakis Contents 1 Alternative -
Olympus the Musician in Greek Literature and Art: Mythology and Music History
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General Information on Crete
General information on Crete Geography Crete is the largest Greek island. It has a surface area of 8340 square kilometers (about half the size of Wales) and the coastline has a length of 1050 kilometers. The length of Crete is about 260 kilometers. The smallest point of Crete lies near Ierapetra where the island is 12 miles wide, while the island is 60 kilometers at its widest point. Crete has a Mediterranean climate. That means that the summers are long and hot and the winters are mild. Rain falls mainly in winter. After the isle of Gavdos, the most southern island of Europe, Crete is the second most southern island of Crete. The capital of Crete, Heraklion, is located about 300 kilometers southeast of Athens, which is the capital of Greece. The distance from Amsterdam to Heraklion is about 2690 kilometers. 350 kilometers south of Crete lies the continent of Africa. To the north of Crete you’ll find the Aegean Sea and south of Crete lies the Libyan Sea. Crete is mountainous and has 3 mountain ranges: The Lefka Ori (in the west), the Ida Mountains (in the center of the island) and the Oros Dikti Mountains (in the east). The highest point on the island is the top of Mount Ida Psiloritis which has an elevation of 2456 meters. This mountain is just slightly higher than the mountain Pachnes which has an elevation of 2453 meters. The mountains consist mainly of limestone. You can find snow on the peaks of these mountains during the winter. There's even a ski slope in Crete.