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Archived Content Contenu Archivé ARCHIVED - Archiving Content ARCHIVÉE - Contenu archivé Archived Content Contenu archivé Information identified as archived is provided for L’information dont il est indiqué qu’elle est archivée reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It est fournie à des fins de référence, de recherche is not subject to the Government of Canada Web ou de tenue de documents. Elle n’est pas Standards and has not been altered or updated assujettie aux normes Web du gouvernement du since it was archived. Please contact us to request Canada et elle n’a pas été modifiée ou mise à jour a format other than those available. depuis son archivage. Pour obtenir cette information dans un autre format, veuillez communiquer avec nous. This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. Solicitor General Solliciteur général I* Canada Canada REPORT OF THE ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE SOLICITOR GENERAL OF CANADA ON THE MANAGEMENT OF CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS November 30, 1984 Li© RARY ----d MINISTRY OF THE SOLICI . ^^ TOR )JAN 8 Ises I 98 ►^ MIN(STÉREBIBLIOTHÈQUE DU SOLLICITEUR GF h`FRA^ ^ OF ADPISORY C014^lITl^ TO TM SOLICITOR C^AI. OF C^A ON THE -- OF CORRN[."PIONAL INSTIi^FION3 ^ November 30, 1984 ...T,.+..-.--...°..` s © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1984 Cat. No. JS 42-23/1984E ISBN 0-662-13657-8 . Published by the Communications Division, under the authority of the Hon. Elmer MacKay, P.C., Q.C., M.P., Solicitor General of Canada. Available free in English and French from the Communications Division, Ministry Secretariat, Solicitor General Canada, Ottawa, Ontario KlA 0P8. Government of Gouvernement du II+ Canada Canada Advisory Committee to the Comité Consultatif chargé par le Solicitor General of Canada Solliciteur général du Canada on the Management of d'étudier la gestion des Correctional Institutions établissements correctionnels November 30, 1984 The Honourable Elmer MacKay, P.C., Q.C., M.P. Solicitor General of Canada Dear Minister: We respectfully submit the report of your Advisory Committee on the Management of Correctional Institutions. John J. Carson Chairman o. are, Patricia Ware heetg Cunningham Chairman : John Carson Président : Members : Claude Bouchard, Chester Cunningham Membres : Claude Edwards, Patricia Ware, William Westlake Executive Secretary : Frank Porporino, Ph.D. CanadN Secrétaire général : TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Preface ......................................................... i Chapter I Introduction ............ ......................... 1 Chapter II A History of the Management of The Correctional Service of Canada, 1960 to 1984 .................. 5 Reform: 1960 to 1969 ............................ 5 Adjustment: 1970 to 1977 . ....................... 8 Control: 1978 to 1984 ........................... 11 Summary and Conclusion .......... ................. 15 Table 1: Stages of Organization Development, 1960-1984 ........................................ 16 Chapter III Management of Corrections Today .................. 17 Mission . ......................................... 17 The Principles ................................... 18 Institutional Leadership ......................... 20 Human Resource Management ........................ 25 Organization and Senior Management ............... 31 Chapter IV Countermeasures to Prison Violence ............... 35 Scope of the Problem ............................. 36 Inmate Population Management ..................... 38 Supervision and Control .......................... 44 Programming for Prevention . ...................... 49 Managing the Aftermath of Violence ............... 52 Appendices A. Advisory Committee Terms of Reference B. Update of the Recommendations made by the 1977 Parliamentary Sub-Committee on the Penitentiary System in Canada C. Wardens' Work Load Study D. Recommendations on the Special Handling Unit Program from the Report of the Study Group on Murders and Assaults in the Ontario Region E. Correctional Service of Canada Directives on the Implementa- tion of Post Crisis Measures and Special Measures Following Serious Incidents F. List of Organizations and individuals who Submitted Briefs G. List of Correctional Service of Canada Institutions Visited H. List of Other Facilities Visited I. List of People Interviewed by the Committee Bibliography PREFACE A flurry of violent incidents has once again drawn attention to the opera- tion of The Correctional Service of Canada. This is understandable, yet we question whether a correctional service should be noticed and judged prima- rily for what goes wrong. Our Committee began its work from a position that we should seek to evalu- ate not just the weaknesses or faults of the Correctional Service of Canada; an objective assessment must consider also the many things that go right. In a large penal service such as we have in this country, with 62 institutions operating at different levels of security and housing some of the most violent and incorrigible individuals in society, something will inevitably go wrong somewhere at some time. We agree with correctional practitioners and scholars that there are no simple organizational solutions to eliminate violence in prisons; that it results from a complex interaction of factors related to both the nature of incarcerated individuals and the experience of imprisonment; and that con- sidering the limits of our knowledge regarding how to deal with violent individuals, society must realistically expect that some degree of violence in our prisons may continue to erupt periodically. On the other hand, the need to actively seek ways to reduce violence in prisons cannot be overstated. With the broader criminal justice system working toward the principle of incarceration as a last resort, our federal penitentiaries will face an accumulation of more long term, more violent, and more disturbed offenders. As the struggle for survival in prisons becomes more acute, violence-prone attitudes and behavior may be intensi- fied. In the long run, protection of society is not served if some offen- ders are changed for the worse by the conditions of imprisonment. Almost all of these individuals will someday be returning to society. Until a better solution is found, correctional officials must strive to meet the challenge of a more turbulent correctional reality, attending always to the need to maintain safe and just prison environments, for both staff and inmates. The relationships that develop between staff and inmates are at the heart of corrections and we firmly believe that effective programming and control will ultimately flow from getting those relationships right. The Committee hopes that the package of proposals that are outlined in this report will set the groundwork for the Service to move into a period of re- vitalization. As our work progressed, we were encouraged by the apparently growing acceptance for our ideas. We would like to plead for the continued support and wholehearted cooperation that will be needed at all levels of the Service if our recommendations are to be fully implemented. Curbing the incidence of violence is a major goal to which all staff and all levels of management must subscribe and contribute. We trust they will. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION The Advisory Committee to the Solicitor General on the Management of Cor- rectional Institutions was commissioned on July 27, 1984. It was created in the wake of three studies related to suicide and violence in The Correc- tional Service of Canada; the Atlantic Suicide Study, the Study on Murder and Assaults in the Ontario Region, and the Correctional Investigator's Inquiry into the aftermath of the 1982 Archambault riot. In general, the Committee was asked to review the management of the Correc- tional Service of Canada in light of these reports, examine how institu- tions are run, how programs are delivered and make any other pertinent observations. The detailed terms of reference are included in the report as Appendix A. The Committee was composed of six members, introduced in the Minister's Press Release as follows: John Carson, Chairman -- Mr. Carson is professor of human resource manage- ment, University of Ottawa, and former Chairman of the Public Service Com- mission of Canada. Claude Bouchard -- Mr. Bouchard has held several major positions in the Canadian criminal justice system, including Vice-Chairman of the National Parole Board, Assistant Deputy Warden of a federal penitentiary, and Asso- ciate Secretary of the Canadian Committee on Corrections. Chester Cunningham -- Mr. Cunningham is Executive Director of the Native Counselling Services of Alberta, an organization concerned with Natives in conflict with the law. Claude Edwards -- Mr. Edwards is a former member of the Public Service Staff Relations Board and former President of the Public Service Alliance of Canada. Patricia Ware -- Mrs. Ware is a Director of the John Howard Society of British Columbia and the Elizabeth Fry Society of British Columbia. She is familiar
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