MREI 12-01 – Geotechnical Guidelines for Sample Handling, Testing and Data Reporting
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Simple Soil Tests for On-Site Evaluation of Soil Health in Orchards
sustainability Article Simple Soil Tests for On-Site Evaluation of Soil Health in Orchards Esther O. Thomsen 1, Jennifer R. Reeve 1,*, Catherine M. Culumber 2, Diane G. Alston 3, Robert Newhall 1 and Grant Cardon 1 1 Dept. Plant Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; [email protected] (E.O.T.); [email protected] (R.N.); [email protected] (G.C.) 2 UC Cooperative Extension, Fresno, CA 93710, USA; [email protected] 3 Dept. Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 20 September 2019; Accepted: 26 October 2019; Published: 29 October 2019 Abstract: Standard commercial soil tests typically quantify nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, and salinity. These factors alone are not sufficient to predict the long-term effects of management on soil health. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness and use of simple physical, biological, and chemical soil health indicator tests that can be completed on-site. Analyses were conducted on soil samples collected from three experimental peach orchards located on the Utah State Horticultural Research Farm in Kaysville, Utah. All simple tests were correlated to comparable lab analyses using Pearson’s correlation. The highest positive correlations were found between Solvita®respiration, and microbial biomass (R = 0.88), followed by our modified slake test and microbial biomass (R = 0.83). Both Berlese funnel and pit count methods of estimating soil macro-organism diversity were fairly predictive of soil health. Overall, simple commercially available chemical tests were weak indicators of soil nutrient concentrations compared to laboratory tests. -
Determination of Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil From
DETERMINATION OF GEOTECHNICAL PROPERTIES OF CLAYEY SOIL FROM RESISTIVITY IMAGING (RI) by GOLAM KIBRIA Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON August 2011 Copyright © by Golam Kibria 2011 All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like express my sincere gratitude to my supervising professor Dr. Sahadat Hos- sain for the accomplishment of this work. It was always motivating for me to work under his sin- cere guidance and advice. The completion of this work would not have been possible without his constant inspiration and feedback. I would also like to express my appreciation to Dr. Laureano R. Hoyos and Dr. Moham- mad Najafi for accepting to serve in my committee. I would also like to thank for their valuable time, suggestions and advice. I wish to acknowledge Dr. Harold Rowe of Earth and Environmental Science Department in the University of Texas at Arlington for giving me the opportunity to work in his laboratory. Special thanks goes to Jubair Hossain, Mohammad Sadik Khan, Tashfeena Taufiq, Huda Shihada, Shahed R Manzur, Sonia Samir,. Noor E Alam Siddique, Andrez Cruz,,Ferdous Intaj, Mostafijur Rahman and all of my friends for their cooperation and assistance throughout my Mas- ter’s study and accomplishment of this work. I wish to acknowledge the encouragement of my parents and sisters during my Master’s study. Without their constant inspiration, support and cooperation, it would not be possible to complete the work. -
Soil Testing Can Help Nutrient Deficiencies Or Imbalances
Do You Have Problems With: • Nutrient deficiencies in crops • Poor plant growth and response from applied fertilizers • Hard to manage weeds • Low crop yields • Poor quality forages • Irregular plant growth in your fields • Managing manure or compost applications Soil tests help to identify production problems related to Soil Testing Can Help nutrient deficiencies or imbalances. Above: Nitrogen defi- ciency in corn (photo: Ryan Stoffregen, Illinois). Below: Phosphorus deficiency in corn. Source: www.ipni.net Benefits of Soil Testing: • Determines nutrient levels in the soil • Determines pH levels (lime needs) • Provides a decision making tool to determine what nutrients to apply and how much • Potential for higher yielding crops • Potential for higher quality crops • More efficient fertilizer use Costs: Generally soil tests cost $7 to $10.00 per sample. The costs of soil tests vary depending on: 1. Your state (some states offer free soil testing) 2. The lab that is used. 3. The items being tested for (the cost increases as more nutrients are being analyzed). NOTE: Some state agencies and land grant universities provide free soil testing for the basic soil test items (pH, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and organic matter). Additional costs may be charged for testing for micronutrients. In other states, all soil testing is done by private labs and generally charge $7-$10 for the basic test. One soil test should be taken for each field, or for each 20 acres within a field. See example on page 3. Soil Testing How Often Should I Soil Test? Generally, you should soil test every 3-5 years or more often if manure is applied or you are trying to make large nutrient or pH changes in the soil. -
Soil Test Handbook for Georgia
SOIL TEST HANDBOOK FOR GEORGIA Georgia Cooperative Extension College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences The University of Georgia Athens, Georgia 30602-9105 EDITORS: David E. Kissel Director, Agricultural and Environmental Services Laboratories & Leticia Sonon Program Coordinator, Soil, Plant, & Water Laboratory The University of Georgia and Ft. Valley State University, the U.S. Department of Agriculture and counties of the state cooperating. The Cooperative Extension, the University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences offers educational programs, assistance and materials to all people without regard to race, color, national origin, age, sex or disability. An Equal Opportunity Employer/Affirmative Action Organization Committed to a Diverse Work Force Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Dr. Scott Angle, Dean and Director Special Bulletin 62 September 2008 i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................2 SOIL TESTING...........................................................................................................................................................4 SOIL SAMPLING .......................................................................................................................................................4 -
Geotechnical Manual 2013 (PDF)
2013 Geotechnical Engineering Manual Geotechnical Engineering Section Minnesota Department of Transportation 12/11/13 MnDOT Geotechnical Manual ii 2013 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING MANUAL ..................................................................................................... I GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING SECTION ............................................................................................................... I MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ............................................................................................... I 1 PURPOSE & OVERVIEW OF MANUAL ........................................................................................................ 8 1.1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ................................................................................................................................. 8 1.3 OVERVIEW OF THE GEOTECHNICAL SECTION .............................................................................................................. 8 1.4 MANUAL DESCRIPTION AND DEVELOPMENT .............................................................................................................. 9 2 GEOTECHNICAL PLANNING ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 PURPOSE, SCOPE, RESPONSIBILITY ........................................................................................................................ -
Addressing Pasture Compaction
Addressing Pasture Compaction Weighing the Pros and Cons of Two Options UVM Project team: Dr. Josef Gorres, Dr. Rachel Gilker, Jennifer Colby, Bridgett Jamison Hilshey Partners: Mark Krawczyk (Keyline Vermont) and farmers Brent & Regina Beidler, Guy & Beth Choiniere, John & Rocio Clark, Lyle & Kitty Edwards, and Julie Wolcott & Stephen McCausland Writing: Josef Gorres, Rachel Gilker and Jennifer Colby • Design and Layout: Jennifer Colby • Photos: Jennifer Colby and Rachel Gilker Additional editing by Cheryl Herrick and Bridgett Jamison Hilshey Th is is dedicated to our farmer partners; may our work help you farm more productively, profi tably, and ecologically. VT Natural Resources Conservation Service UVM Center for Sustainable Agriculture http://www.vt.nrcs.usda.gov http://www.uvm.edu/sustainableagriculture UVM Plant & Soil Science Department http://pss.uvm.edu Financial support for this project and publication was provided through a VT Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Conservation Innovation Grant (CIG). We thank VT-NRCS for their eff orts to build a 2 strong natural resource foundation for Vermont’s farming systems. Introduction A few years ago, some grass-based dairy farmers came to us with the question, “You know, what we really need is a way to fi x the compaction in pastures.” We started digging for answers. Th is simple request has led us on a lively journey. We began by adapting methods to alleviate compac- tion in other climates and cropping systems. We worked with fi ve Vermont dairy farmers to apply these practices to their pastures, where other farmers could come and observe them in action. We assessed the pros and cons of these approaches and we are sharing those results and observations here. -
Soil, Plant and Water Reference Methods for the Western Region1
SOIL, PLANT AND WATER REFERENCE METHODS FOR THE WESTERN REGION 1 2005 3rd Edition Dr. Ray Gavlak Dr. Donald Horneck Dr. Robert O. Miller 1 From: Plant, Soil and Water Reference Methods for the Western Region. 1994. R. G. Gavlak, D. A. Horneck, and R. O. Miller. WREP 125. PREFACE This manual has been developed as a guide of standard analytical methods for agricultural laboratories for use in the Western Region, byt the Western Coordinating Committee on Nutrient Management. This publication an update of Plant, Soil and Water Reference Methods for the Western Region , 1994, (WREP 125) written by Dr. Ray Gavlak formerly of the University of Alaska, Dr. Donald Horneck of Oregon State University, and Dr. Robert O. Miller of Colorado State University. These represent accepted methods for the analysis of soil and plant samples and were selected for the express purpose of identifying common methods on which a group of agricultural laboratories analytical results can be statistically evaluated. We would like to thank all those individuals who have contributed to this manual. The specific soil, plant and water analytical methods listed represent those analytical procedures that are recommended for use in the current North American Proficiency Testing Program organized by the Soil Science Society of America. We encourage all suggestions and comments from participating laboratories for improving this manual for future publication. The authors would like to thank Dr. Byron Vaughan of MDS Harris Laboratory Services, Dr. Kelly Belden of the University of Wyoming for reviewing this publication. WREP-125, 3 rd Edition TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Quality Assurance in the Agricultural Laboratory ..................................... -
Methods of Analysis Soil Sampling
Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis Second Edition ß 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. In physical science the first essential step in the direction of learning any subject is to find principles of numerical reckoning and practicable methods for measuring some quality connected with it. I often say that when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it; but when you cannot measure it, when you cannot express it in numbers, your knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory kind; it may be the beginning of knowledge, but you have scarcely in your thoughts advanced to the state of science, whatever the matter may be. Lord Kelvin, Popular Lectures and Addresses (1891–1894), vol. 1, Electrical Units of Measurement Felix qui potuit rerum cognoscere causas. Happy the man who has been able to learn the causes of things. Virgil: Georgics (II, 490) ß 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis Second Edition Edited by M.R. Carter E.G. Gregorich Canadian Society of Soil Science ß 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-3586-0 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. -
2001 01 0122.Pdf
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING This paper was downloaded from the Online Library of the International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE). The library is available here: https://www.issmge.org/publications/online-library This is an open-access database that archives thousands of papers published under the Auspices of the ISSMGE and maintained by the Innovation and Development Committee of ISSMGE. Soil classification: a proposal for a structural approach, with reference to existing European and international experience Classification des sols: une proposition pour une approche structurelle, tenant compte de l’expérience Européenne et internationale lr. Gauthier Van Alboom - Geotechnics Division, Ministry of Flanders, Belgium ABSTRACT: Most soil classification schemes, used in Europe and all over the world, are of the basic type and are mainly based upon particle size distribution and Atterberg limits. Degree of harmonisation is however moderate as the classification systems are elabo rated and / or adapted for typical soils related to the country or region considered. Proposals for international standardisation have not yet resulted in ready for use practical classification tools. In this paper a proposal for structural approach to soil classification is given, and a basic soil classification system is elaborated. RESUME: La plupart des méthodes de classification des sols, en Europe et dans le monde entier, sont du type de base et font appel à la distribution des particules et aux limites Atterberg. Le degré d’harmonisation est cependant modéré, les systèmes de classification étant élaborés et / ou adaptés aux sols qui sont typiques pour le pays ou la région considérée. -
Differential Settlement of Foundations on Loess
Missouri University of Science and Technology Scholars' Mine International Conference on Case Histories in (2013) - Seventh International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering 02 May 2013, 2:00 pm - 3:30 pm Differential Settlement of Foundations on Loess Dušan Milović University of Novi Sad, Serbia Mitar Djogo University of Novi Sad, Serbia Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/icchge Part of the Geotechnical Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Milović, Dušan and Djogo, Mitar, "Differential Settlement of Foundations on Loess" (2013). International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering. 10. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/icchge/7icchge/session02/10 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. This Article - Conference proceedings is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars' Mine. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering by an authorized administrator of Scholars' Mine. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIFFERENTIAL SETTLEMENT OF FOUNDATIONS ON LOESS Dušan Milović Mitar Djogo University of Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Novi Sad, SERBIA Novi Sad, SERBIA ABSTRACT Experience gained during several decades shows that the loess soil in some cases undergoes structural collapse and subsidence due to inundation and that in some other cases the sensitivity of loess to the collapse is considerably less pronounced. In this paper the behaviour of three 12 story buildings A, B and C, of the same static system and the identical shapes have been analyzed. -
Soil Provides Poor Road Construction Support
Engineering © MARINO ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES, INC. • Issue 7 From Research SOIL PROVIDES POOR to Practice ROAD CONSTRUCTION Some earthwork construction SUPPORT claims result from certain pay items containing incidental tasks The new concrete pavement for an airport facility in with no quantification relative to Memphis, TN had an abnormal and alarming amount of this work effort but are still cracking. Also, there were significant difficulties during construction in preparing the subgrade. As a result of these required under the contract. construction and performance problems, MEA was requested to conduct a forensic geotechnical investigation. An example of this is when the contractor is required to maintain Loess (a wind-blown soil deposit) was the immediate the subgrade. Maintenance subgrade support for the about 16 acres of new pavement. Upon visual examination, this loess subgrade appeared to be depends on the compatibility moist and a typical loess soil with significant amount of silt. In plans and specifications to the the lab, however, when the above loessal soils were tested subgrade soil. The contractor across the typically recommended and specified compaction must then assume based on the ranges, this soil was found to have extremely detrimental contract documents how much characteristics for pavement support and construction. In addition to having low bearing strength at both modified and effort this will take. If he is wrong, standard Proctor compaction limits, there was also significant it will impact his associated costs swell. Also, the soaked bearing strengths for this soil were and the added subgrade always lower than the recommended range for pavement maintenance can result in design. -
Revisiting the Standard Soil Test: the Potential of Macro- and Microbiological Measures to Improve Agricultural Health and Productivity
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations Fall 2019 Revisiting the Standard Soil Test: The Potential of Macro- and Microbiological Measures to Improve Agricultural Health and Productivity Gabriel Jacob Kenne Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the Environmental Health Commons Recommended Citation Kenne, G. J.(2019). Revisiting the Standard Soil Test: The Potential of Macro- and Microbiological Measures to Improve Agricultural Health and Productivity. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5547 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REVISITING THE STANDARD SOIL TEST: THE POTENTIAL OF MACRO- AND MICROBIOLOGICAL MEASURES TO IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY by Gabriel Jacob Kenne Bachelor of Science University of Nebraska at Omaha, 2008 Master of Public Health Kansas State University, 2013 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Health Sciences The Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina 2019 Accepted by: R. Sean Norman, Major Professor Anindya Chanda, Committee Member Robin “Buz” Kloot, Committee Member Geoff Zehnder, Committee Member Cheryl L. Addy, Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School © Copyright Gabriel Jacob Kenne, 2019 All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT The agricultural ecosystem has become the largest non-ice-covered terrestrial ecosystem on the planet and has significant direct and indirect impacts on the global health of both the environment and humanity.