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APPLE (Fruit Varieties)
E TG/14/9 ORIGINAL: English DATE: 2005-04-06 INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR THE PROTECTION OF NEW VARIETIES OF PLANTS GENEVA * APPLE (Fruit Varieties) UPOV Code: MALUS_DOM (Malus domestica Borkh.) GUIDELINES FOR THE CONDUCT OF TESTS FOR DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY AND STABILITY Alternative Names:* Botanical name English French German Spanish Malus domestica Apple Pommier Apfel Manzano Borkh. The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions. ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTS These Test Guidelines should be read in conjunction with the General Introduction and its associated TGP documents. Other associated UPOV documents: TG/163/3 Apple Rootstocks TG/192/1 Ornamental Apple * These names were correct at the time of the introduction of these Test Guidelines but may be revised or updated. [Readers are advised to consult the UPOV Code, which can be found on the UPOV Website (www.upov.int), for the latest information.] i:\orgupov\shared\tg\applefru\tg 14 9 e.doc TG/14/9 Apple, 2005-04-06 - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. SUBJECT OF THESE TEST GUIDELINES..................................................................................................3 2. MATERIAL REQUIRED ...............................................................................................................................3 -
RHS Award of Garden Merit: Fruit (With Descriptions) 2011
RHS AWARD OF GARDEN MERIT Fruit (with descriptions) 2011 The AGM criteria APPLE (Malus domestica) 98 Alkmene’ (D) (H4) 2 Intended as a practical guide ~ aromatic, Cox-like flavour. Good, for the gardener, the AGM is regular crops; some resistance awarded only to plants that are: to scab and mildew. Season: late Sept.–late Oct. • excellent for ordinary use in ‘American Mother’ appropriate conditions ~ see ‘Mother’ • available 93 ‘Arthur Turner’ (C) (H4) 3 • of good constitution ~ flavoursome cooker. Large, golden • essentially stable in form and exhibition fruit. Good, regular colour crops; prone to mildew; some resistance to scab. Striking, deep • reasonably resistant to pests LIBRARY and diseases pink blossom, for which AM 1945. LEY Season: Sept.–Nov. D 4 LIN Key to codes & ratings 93 ‘Ashmead’s Kernel’ (D) (H4) , ~ intense, fruit-drop flavour. RHS Each award includes a hardiness Cropping erratic; prone to bitter rating, which is an integral part of pit. Season: Dec.–Feb. 93 ‘Claygate Pearmain’ (D) (H4)* 4 the AGM, and should be included 93 ‘Belle de Boskoop’ (C/D) (H4)*‡ 3 ~ rich and nutty flavour. Good, in any citation of the award: ~ needs little or no extra sugar when regular crops, but can be poorly cooked; mellows to brisk eating coloured. Season: Dec.–Feb. H1 requires heated glass apple. Good, regular crops; very 98 DELBARESTIVALE ‘Delcorf’ (D) (H4) 3 H2 requires unheated glass vigorous tree. Season: Oct.–Apr.; ~ bright, attractive fruit; sweet, H3 hardy outside in some regions; keeps well honeyed taste. Heavy, regular needs frost-free protection in 93 ‘Blenheim Orange’ (C/D) (H4)*‡ 3 crops. -
A Manual Key for the Identification of Apples Based on the Descriptions in Bultitude (1983)
A MANUAL KEY FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF APPLES BASED ON THE DESCRIPTIONS IN BULTITUDE (1983) Simon Clark of Northern Fruit Group and National Orchard Forum, with assistance from Quentin Cleal (NOF). This key is not definitive and is intended to enable the user to “home in” rapidly on likely varieties which should then be confirmed in one or more of the manuals that contain detailed descriptions e.g. Bunyard, Bultitude , Hogg or Sanders . The varieties in this key comprise Bultitude’s list together with some widely grown cultivars developed since Bultitude produced his book. The page numbers of Bultitude’s descriptions are included. The National Fruit Collection at Brogdale are preparing a list of “recent” varieties not included in Bultitude(1983) but which are likely to be encountered. This list should be available by late August. As soon as I receive it I will let you have copy. I will tabulate the characters of the varieties so that you can easily “slot them in to” the key. Feedback welcome, Tel: 0113 266 3235 (with answer phone), E-mail [email protected] Simon Clark, August 2005 References: Bultitude J. (1983) Apples. Macmillan Press, London Bunyard E.A. (1920) A Handbook of Hardy Fruits; Apples and Pears. John Murray, London Hogg R. (1884) The Fruit Manual. Journal of the Horticultural Office, London. Reprinted 2002 Langford Press, Wigtown. Sanders R. (1988) The English Apple. Phaidon, Oxford Each variety is categorised as belonging to one of eight broad groups. These groups are delineated using skin characteristics and usage i.e. whether cookers, (sour) or eaters (sweet). -
Handling of Apple Transport Techniques and Efficiency Vibration, Damage and Bruising Texture, Firmness and Quality
Centre of Excellence AGROPHYSICS for Applied Physics in Sustainable Agriculture Handling of Apple transport techniques and efficiency vibration, damage and bruising texture, firmness and quality Bohdan Dobrzañski, jr. Jacek Rabcewicz Rafa³ Rybczyñski B. Dobrzañski Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences Centre of Excellence AGROPHYSICS for Applied Physics in Sustainable Agriculture Handling of Apple transport techniques and efficiency vibration, damage and bruising texture, firmness and quality Bohdan Dobrzañski, jr. Jacek Rabcewicz Rafa³ Rybczyñski B. Dobrzañski Institute of Agrophysics Polish Academy of Sciences PUBLISHED BY: B. DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ACTIVITIES OF WP9 IN THE CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE AGROPHYSICS CONTRACT NO: QLAM-2001-00428 CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR APPLIED PHYSICS IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE WITH THE th ACRONYM AGROPHYSICS IS FOUNDED UNDER 5 EU FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES GENERAL SUPERVISOR OF THE CENTRE: PROF. DR. RYSZARD T. WALCZAK, MEMBER OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES PROJECT COORDINATOR: DR. ENG. ANDRZEJ STĘPNIEWSKI WP9: PHYSICAL METHODS OF EVALUATION OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE QUALITY LEADER OF WP9: PROF. DR. ENG. BOHDAN DOBRZAŃSKI, JR. REVIEWED BY PROF. DR. ENG. JÓZEF KOWALCZUK TRANSLATED (EXCEPT CHAPTERS: 1, 2, 6-9) BY M.SC. TOMASZ BYLICA THE RESULTS OF STUDY PRESENTED IN THE MONOGRAPH ARE SUPPORTED BY: THE STATE COMMITTEE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH UNDER GRANT NO. 5 P06F 012 19 AND ORDERED PROJECT NO. PBZ-51-02 RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF POMOLOGY AND FLORICULTURE B. DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ©Copyright by BOHDAN DOBRZAŃSKI INSTITUTE OF AGROPHYSICS OF POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LUBLIN 2006 ISBN 83-89969-55-6 ST 1 EDITION - ISBN 83-89969-55-6 (IN ENGLISH) 180 COPIES, PRINTED SHEETS (16.8) PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER IN POLAND BY: ALF-GRAF, UL. -
Studies on Some Apple Virus Diseases in New Hampshire Joseph G
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 1958 STUDIES ON SOME APPLE VIRUS DISEASES IN NEW HAMPSHIRE JOSEPH G. BARRAT Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation BARRAT, JOSEPH G., "STUDIES ON SOME APPLE VIRUS DISEASES IN NEW HAMPSHIRE" (1958). Doctoral Dissertations. 752. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/752 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dapple apple symptoms on the fruits of the variety Starking. STUDIES ON SOME APPLE VIRUS DISEASES IN NEW HAMPSHIRE By Joseph G. Barrat B. S., Rhode Island State College, 19*+8 M. S., University of Rhode Island, 1951 A DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate School Department of Botany May, 1958 This dissertation has been examined and approved. ■?. / T Date ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes to express his deep appreciation to Dr. Avery E. Rich for his assistance and permission to develop the study along those lines which seemed most opportune. The writer is indebted to Dr. Albion R. Hodgdon for his taxonomic assistance, Dr. Stuart Dunn for permis sion to use the available space in the light room, Dr, R. A. Kilpatrick for help with the photographs and Dr. W. -
Edible-Catalogue-2021
Diacks Nursery Catalogue 2021 Friday, 21 May 2021 Retail 2021 APPLE APPLE ADORE TM SEMI DWARF, (DELFLOGA) Pot: 25 L Height: 150cm $49.99 Medium sized, very tasty, sweet, crisp and juicy apples in mid summer. An excellent variety for organic gardens. Disease resistant. APPLE ARIANE PVR SEMI DWARF Pot: 25 L Height: 150cm $49.99 LATE SEASON Fruit is of medium size, and has a slightly flattened shape. Rich aroma and flavour, crisp, sweet flesh with a hint of tartness. APPLE AUTENTO TM (DELCOROS) TALL, EATING Pot: 25 L Height: 150cm $49.99 LATE SEASON The fruit is tasty when eaten fresh off the tree. Good disease resistance. APPLE BALLARAT SEMI DWARF, HERITAGE / COOKING Pot: 25 L Height: 150cm $49.99 MID SEASON Large apple with light pink blush on green skin. Excellent baking & keeping qualities... APPLE BALLERINA TM WALTZ, TELAMON PVR Pot: 8.5 L Height: 100cm $49.99 MID SEASON Purpleish pink and white flowers followed by sweet juicy red and green apples. Flavour reminiscent of red delicious. Eating apple.. Grows to 2.5 in 5yrs APPLE BAUJADE SEMI-DWARF Pot: 25 L Height: 150cm $49.99 LATE SEASON French organic Granny Smith type apple . Medium sized, sweet and aromatic... APPLE BEDFORD CRAB SEMI-DWARF, CIDER/JELLY Pot: 8 L Height: 150cm $39.99 LATE SEASON This apple is ideal for making cider or jelly .Will grow in a wide range of sites APPLE BLACK PRINCE SEMI-DWARF, CIDER/COOKING/EATING Pot: 8 L Height: 150cm $44.99 MID SEASON Black Prince is a large tart apple.It has black or dark maroon red skin. -
St. Lawrence Nurseries NORTHERN CLIMATE FRUIT and NUT TREES 2015 CATALOG Retirement Issue
St. Lawrence Nurseries NORTHERN CLIMATE FRUIT AND NUT TREES 2015 CATALOG Retirement Issue DEADLINE FOR SPRING SHIPMENT: APRIL 10TH POSTMARK 325 STATE HWY 345 POTSDAM, NEW YORK 13676 315-265-6739 E-mail––[email protected] World Wide Web––http://www.sln.potsdam.ny.us WHAT IS YOUR USDA GROWING ZONE? Our trees are grown in a Zone 3/4 location where they have been tested against temperatures of -30o, -40o and occasion- ally even -50o F. (ambient temperature, no wind chill.) Most commercial nursery stock is grown in Zones 5 or warmer, where the coldest winter extremes are -20o F. A plant that is “hardy” only to -20o F. may, with luck, survive one or two mild winters in Zone 3 or 4, but will eventually winterkill. If this has happened to you, take heart! You don't have a “black thumb”; you just need varieties that are hardy enough. We rate our trees according to winter hardiness and guarantee their survival. Even if you live in USDA Zone 3 or 4, you can grow fruit and nut trees. All you need are the right varieties! St. Lawrence Nurseries Zone 3 . Thanks to Storey Communications, Inc., Schoolhouse Road, Pownal, VT 05261, for al- lowing the use of the North American Hardi- ness Zones map above. From The Big Book of Gardening Skills, © 1993, p. 168. We support the National Junior Horticulture Association, which promotes and sponsors educational programs for youth. Visit their website at www.njha.org. 2 OFF SEASON & BUSINESS HOURS St Lawrence Nurseries is a family farm and the homestead of Bill and Diana MacKentley. -
Apple, Reaktion Books
apple Reaktion’s Botanical series is the first of its kind, integrating horticultural and botanical writing with a broader account of the cultural and social impact of trees, plants and flowers. Already published Apple Marcia Reiss Bamboo Susanne Lucas Cannabis Chris Duvall Geranium Kasia Boddy Grasses Stephen A. Harris Lily Marcia Reiss Oak Peter Young Pine Laura Mason Willow Alison Syme |ew Fred Hageneder APPLE Y Marcia Reiss reaktion books Published by reaktion books ltd 33 Great Sutton Street London ec1v 0dx, uk www.reaktionbooks.co.uk First published 2015 Copyright © Marcia Reiss 2015 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers Printed and bound in China by 1010 Printing International Ltd A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library isbn 978 1 78023 340 6 Contents Y Introduction: Backyard Apples 7 one Out of the Wild: An Ode and a Lament 15 two A Rose is a Rose is a Rose . is an Apple 19 three The Search for Sweetness 43 four Cider Chronicles 59 five The American Apple 77 six Apple Adulation 101 seven Good Apples 123 eight Bad Apples 137 nine Misplaced Apples 157 ten The Politics of Pomology 169 eleven Apples Today and Tomorrow 185 Apple Varieties 203 Timeline 230 References 234 Select Bibliography 245 Associations and Websites 246 Acknowledgements 248 Photo Acknowledgements 250 Index 252 Introduction: Backyard Apples Y hree old apple trees, the survivors of an unknown orchard, still grow around my mid-nineteenth-century home in ∏ upstate New York. -
Increasing Branching of Cider Apple Trees Jon Clements and Elizabeth Garofalo University of Massachusetts Amherst
Increasing Branching of Cider Apple Trees Jon Clements and Elizabeth Garofalo University of Massachusetts Amherst Personal observation has suggested some cider Michelin, Redfi eld, Egremont Russet, St. Edmund’s apple variety trees are particularly prone to producing Russet, Medaille D’Or, and Cort Pendu Plat. The blind wood. Blind wood is a result of last season’s shoot experimental design is a randomized block with four growth failing to produce bud, or branch, breaks during replications and three trees of each cider apple variety the current growing season. These lengths of unproduc- per experimental unit. Graft success was very good, tive wood remain for the duration of the shoot’s life and during the 2018 growing season two leaders were (until it is pruned out or whatever). Several methods can be used on dormant 1-year old wood to prevent blind wood and promote branching. These include notching and use of plant growth regulators (specifi cally 6-benzyladenine, 6-BA). To pro- mote branching on potential blind wood, ten cider apple varieties were treated with notching or 6-BA and compared to an untreated control in 2019 at the UMass Cold Spring Orchard in Belchertown, MA. Re- sults show that a 6-BA application is particularly eff ective at increas- ing branching on 1-year old wood, however, results depend somewhat on cider apple variety. Materials & Methods In 2018, a previously planted apple variety evaluation block on M.9 rootstock at the UMass Cold Spring Research Orchard (CSO) in Belchertown, MA was top-work grafted to ten cider apple varieties using bark inlays. -
Apple Pollination Groups
Flowering times of apples RHS Pollination Groups To ensure good pollination and therefore a good crop, it is essential to grow two or more different cultivars from the same Flowering Group or adjacent Flowering Groups. Some cultivars are triploid – they have sterile pollen and need two other cultivars for good pollination; therefore, always grow at least two other non- triploid cultivars with each one. Key AGM = RHS Award of Garden Merit * Incompatible with each other ** Incompatible with each other *** ‘Golden Delicious’ may be ineffective on ‘Crispin’ (syn. ‘Mutsu’) Flowering Group 1 Very early; pollinated by groups 1 & 2 ‘Gravenstein’ (triploid) ‘Lord Suffield’ ‘Manks Codlin’ ‘Red Astrachan’ ‘Stark Earliest’ (syn. ‘Scarlet Pimpernel’) ‘Vista Bella’ Flowering Group 2 Pollinated by groups 1,2 & 3 ‘Adams's Pearmain’ ‘Alkmene’ AGM (syn. ‘Early Windsor’) ‘Baker's Delicious’ ‘Beauty of Bath’ (partial tip bearer) ‘Beauty of Blackmoor’ ‘Ben's Red’ ‘Bismarck’ ‘Bolero’ (syn. ‘Tuscan’) ‘Cheddar Cross’ ‘Christmas Pearmain’ ‘Devonshire Quarrenden’ ‘Egremont Russet’ AGM ‘George Cave’ (tip bearer) ‘George Neal’ AGM ‘Golden Spire’ ‘Idared’ AGM ‘Irish Peach’ (tip bearer) ‘Kerry Pippin’ ‘Keswick Codling’ ‘Laxton's Early Crimson’ ‘Lord Lambourne’ AGM (partial tip bearer) ‘Maidstone Favourite’ ‘Margil’ ‘Mclntosh’ ‘Red Melba’ ‘Merton Charm’ ‘Michaelmas Red’ ‘Norfolk Beauty’ ‘Owen Thomas’ ‘Reverend W. Wilks’ ‘Ribston Pippin’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Ross Nonpareil’ ‘Saint Edmund's Pippin’ AGM (partial tip bearer) ‘Striped Beefing’ ‘Warner's King’ AGM (triploid) ‘Washington’ (triploid) ‘White Transparent’ Flowering Group 3 Pollinated by groups 2, 3 & 4 ‘Acme’ ‘Alexander’ (syn. ‘Emperor Alexander’) ‘Allington Pippin’ ‘Arthur Turner’ AGM ‘Barnack Orange’ ‘Baumann's Reinette’ ‘Belle de Boskoop’ AGM (triploid) ‘Belle de Pontoise’ ‘Blenheim Orange’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Bountiful’ ‘Bowden's Seedling’ ‘Bramley's Seedling’ AGM (triploid, partial tip bearer) ‘Brownlees Russett’ ‘Charles Ross’ AGM ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ */** ‘Crispin’ (syn. -
Growing Apples for Craft Ciders Ian A
Growing Apples for Craft Ciders Ian A. Merwin Professor of Horticulture Emeritus—Cornell University Grower and Cider-maker—Black Diamond Farm ider has been a mainstay food and fermented bever- ies”) around the country are now seeking apple varieties known age for thousands of years. Domesticated apples were for making top quality ciders. The demand for these varieties brought to America by the first European colonists, and greatly exceeds their current supply, because only a few of the C from 1640 to 1840 new cideries have productive orchards or expertise in growing “There is significant growing interest in most of our or- apples. The un-met demand for special cider apples has led chards consisted growers across the US and Canada to consider these apples as hard cider with the number of cideries of seedling apples, an alternative to growing mainstream varieties, because the best- in NY State reaching 53. In this article grown primar- known cider apples fetch prices as high as $400 per 20-bushel I summarize our 30 years of experience ily for sweet and bin. My purpose in writing this article is to summarize what I at Cornell and on my own farm of hard (fermented) have learned about growing these cider apples over the past 30 growing hard cider varieties.” cider. Despite years, and to make this information available to those interested this long history, in cider and cider apples. hard cider was not considered A Note of Caution an economically important drink in the US until quite recently, Modern orchards cost about $25,000 per acre to establish and when the USDA and several apple-growing states began to col- bring them into commercial production. -
R Graphics Output
Aberystwyth University Development of a minimal KASP marker panel for distinguishing genotypes in apple collections Winfield, Mark; Burridge, Amanda; Ordidge, Matthew; Harper, Helen; Wilkinson, Paul; Thorogood, Danny; Copas, Liz; Edwards, Keith; Barker, Gary Published in: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242940 Publication date: 2020 Citation for published version (APA): Winfield, M., Burridge, A., Ordidge, M., Harper, H., Wilkinson, P., Thorogood, D., Copas, L., Edwards, K., & Barker, G. (2020). Development of a minimal KASP marker panel for distinguishing genotypes in apple collections. PLoS One, 15(11), [e0242940]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242940 Document License CC BY General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the Aberystwyth Research Portal (the Institutional Repository) are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the Aberystwyth Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the Aberystwyth Research Portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.