1 Education Landscape of Pune
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
An report on Education Landscape of Pune For Teach For India in association with Symbiosis School of Economics 1 Key Contributions: Teach For India: Madhukar Banuri, Manager – Operations & Government Relations Paulami Sen, Fellowship Recruitment Associate Symbiosis School of Economics: Mr. Deepanshu Mohan (SSE Faculty) 2051 – Abhay Krishnan 2005 – Abhijit A. Patil 2001 – Agneesh Bhaduri 2092 – Ajinkya Upasani 2063 – Mehak Malhotra 2015 – Niyati Malhotra 2047 – Persis Bharucha 2050 – R. Roshini Shantanu Gangakhedkar (Student, SCAC) Vasundhara Pande (Student, SCAC) Shwetank Rastogi (Intern) Government Officials: Mrs. Shubhangi Chavan, Deputy Education Officer, PMC School Board Mr. Dhananjay Pardeshi, Deputy Education Officer, PMC School Board Mr. Subhash Swamy, Project Officer, SSA Pune Mrs. Dhonde, Officer, Zilla Parishad Education Department Mr. Sable, Officer, Zilla Parishad Education Department 2 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 1. GEOGRAPHIC AND GENERAL CITY LANDSCAPE OF PUNE 8 a. Map of Pune ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 b. Key Communities & Sectors in Pune ............................................................................................................................. 8 c. Background & History of Pune ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Present Day Pune ................................................................................................................................................................... 10 2. ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE OF PUNE 12 a. Key parameters (Population Female Ratio/Working class) .......................................................................................... 12 b. Income Levels of Pune ................................................................................................................................................. 13 c. Household wealth ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 2. EDUCATION LANDSCAPE OF PUNE 14 a. 1. Key parameters – PMC ........................................................................................................................................... 14 b. 2. Key Parameters – PCMC ........................................................................................................................................ 17 c. Higher Education indicators (College) ......................................................................................................................... 20 d. Primary Education for Children with Disabilities......................................................................................................... 21 -Schools for the Disabled in Pune .............................................................................................................................. 21 3. GOVERNMENT LANDSCAPE OF PUNE 23 “Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments” (Brown v. Board of Education, 1954).................................................................................................................................................................... 23 a. General Government details – Parties & Political bodies ............................................................................................. 23 b. Government Structure (State Education-MH) - Roles & Responsibilities.................................................................... 23 c. Govt. structures (Pune municipal corporation) – Roles & Responsibilities ................................................................. 25 d. Government Structures (Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation) – Roles & Responsibilities .............................. 26 e. Govt. Structure (Zilla Parishad) – Roles & Responsibilities ........................................................................................ 27 f. Key Decision makers and their mandates ..................................................................................................................... 29 g. Political Vs. Bureaucratic Leadership........................................................................................................................... 30 a. Financial Budgets: Allocations for Education. ............................................................................................................. 32 b. Teacher Unions in the Municipal Corporation ............................................................................................................. 33 TFI FOCUS AREAS: 33 4. RTE AND SSA 34 THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION ACT 34 RTE in the State ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Impact in Pune ....................................................................................................................................................................... 35 SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN 37 Aims: ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 SSA in Maharashtra ............................................................................................................................................................... 37 a. Structure of SSA and Key people ................................................................................................................................. 39 b. Proposed Plan and Area of focus .................................................................................................................................. 40 APPENDIX A 43 APPENDIX B 44 APPENDIX C 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY 47 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report aims to highlight the education landscape of Pune City to serve as a valuable input in Teach For India’s strategies and development activities for the next five years. Pune, though a bustling education hub, still lacks a strong primary education system in terms of infrastructure and quality of education imparted. In this report, while providing an overview of the geography of the city, its demographics and income distribution, we have analysed the education scenario by dividing it into three pathways that need attention-Primary education under the Pune Municipal Corporation, Primary education under the Pimpri-Chinchwad Municipal Corporation and Junior colleges (+2) located in the district. The report also subsequently delves into the nuances of local government bodies in the city, especially the education departments and key mandates. Forging relationships between TFI and government / non-government education bodies was also one of the salient objectives of this exercise. Finally, the report explores the Right To Education Act, 2009 and its implementation in Pune briefly and then elucidates the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan programme, its relevance and past budget and achievements in Maharashtra and Pune. Pune is one of the five cities where TFI set up base in 2009. Currently, with 128 fellows, it impacts approximately 4882 students in 126 classrooms across 38 English Medium Schools (both PMC and Private schools). That comprises of less than 5% of the low income student population in English- Medium schools. By 2017, TFI aims to impact the remaining 95% in one way or another. Pune has always had strong roots steeped in cultural tradition, one of them being a penchant for education. Pune was home to some of the major thinkers and politicians of the 19th century like Lokmanya Tilak, MG Ranade, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, etc, and became a hub of social reformation during the period of the Indian renaissance. Deccan Education Society, one of the oldest educational institutions in India, was founded in Pune in 1880. This is indicative in the literacy rate of 77.31% that is higher than the national average of 74.04%. Pune’s per capita for 2011-12 was Rs.63,944 which is also higher than the national average of Rs.60,972. About 90% of the population lies in the household income bracket of Rs36,000- Rs.720,000. Pune’s periphery is littered with engineering and knowledge-based industries with manufacturing industries having a major presence. Hence the largest population group in Pune comprises of the industrial workers (49.74%). Thus it is imperative to provide affordable and quality educational centres for their families. Pune also has a sex ratio of 938 and an even lower sex ratio of 897 in the 0-6 age group. On a state level, the value of education has been well appreciated in Maharashtra. Maharashtra’s literacy rate is higher than the national average and second highest among major states in the country as per Census 2011. Male literacy rate has reached almost 90% and female literacy rate has crossed 75%. Gender gap in literacy rate is also reducing. Education in the State followed the following format of 10+2+3 (15 years of schooling leading to the first degree) which has now been amended by the RTE under State RTE Rules-2011 which will implement a 5+3+2+2+3 year format. 4 Local education and politics are said to be inseparable. The political scene of Maharashtra and Pune has been dominated by the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) head by Sharad Pawar for a long time. The Congress and