Queer! Narratives of Gendered Sexuality: a Journey in Identity
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Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 6-20-2013 Queer! Narratives of Gendered Sexuality: A Journey in Identity Kym Bradley Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Gender and Sexuality Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Bradley, Kym, "Queer! Narratives of Gendered Sexuality: A Journey in Identity" (2013). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 1069. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1069 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Queer! Narratives of Gendered Sexuality: A Journey in Identity by Kym Bradley A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology Thesis Committee: Randy Blazak, Chair Peter Collier Lindsey Wilkinson Portland State University 2013 © 2013 Kym Bradley Abstract My project looks at current conceptualizations of identity relating to gender and sexuality in order to understand how queer individuals enact gender as connected to their non-normative sexuality. I will use the notion of "desire" through Butler's (1990) notion of performativity as a part of iterability that reproduces an opposition between what is intended and how it is perceived. This approach creates space to problematize the status of identities that posits the conception of fluidity and dialectic as attached to notions of gendered sexualities - the understanding that sexuality interacts with gender and that these two notions are not compartmentalized. The construction of these systems of categorization allows for an assumption of the role of sexuality as connected to gender that can then be read through discursive practices and performances. This research is placed within a post-structuralist and queer theory discussion that is used to understand identity as separate from an isolated core self and is rather comprehended through a particular connection of gender, sex, desire, and performance. By entering into a queer theory and post-structuralist discussion, this project aims to highlight ways in which gender and sex are not necessarily "intelligible" - in which one's gender enactment follows their sex, which then leads them to be attracted to the "opposite" sex/gender - and by doing so I will be able to understand how non- heterosexuals understand their own sexualized gender. The categories of gender and desire are not mutually exclusive nor are they dichotomous. According to Butler (1990), the heterosexual matrix addresses the power structures associated with hegemonic modes i of discourse and thought; therefore, my project embraces this approach to gender and sexuality and how these understandings create a unique performance of repetition that further constructs an identity. This study specializes in the reformulation and re-articulation of a distinct consciousness of compounded identities that are comprised of a sexualized gender involving the performative interplay of sexuality on gender for queer individuals. In addition, this project seeks to understand how queer individuals form, understand, perform, and enact their evolving gender identity as connected to their sexuality. Specifically my research asks: 1) How do queer individuals narrate the construction of their particular identities? 2) How do queer individuals enact their gender as connected to sexuality? and 3) How do queer individuals describe their identities as marginalized? In order to answer these questions I conducted 20 interviews with queer individuals in Portland, OR aged 18-35 in order to get a broad range of life experiences. The use of one-on-one interviews allowed me to get at the interpretative perspective of the participant such that they can clarify the connections and relationships they see between their own sexualized gender enactment and the world around them. This also allowed access to acquire information about the social interplay of gender, sex, and desire and how these individuals may or may not place importance on their queer identity and the processes involved. ii Dedication To all those who have faced stigma and marginalization and were brave enough to stand up for their beliefs and for themselves. I also dedicate this work to those who were kind enough to open their souls and histories for me to be able to conduct this research. Additionally I dedicate this thesis to those who enabled me to be the strong, motivated and passionate person I am today, thank you! iii Acknowledgement I thank the members of my thesis committee Dr. Randy Blazak, Dr. Lindsey Wilkinson, and Dr. Peter Collier for their participation within this project and their helpful yet critical feedback throughout the process. I specifically thank Randy, my advisor, for slaving over the pages of my writing and his willingness to dig into a familiar yet new subject area and for dedicating his time and his generosity throughout the past year working on this project together. Additionally, I would like to send my gratitude to Dr. José Padin who pushed me to re-evaluate my thought processes, and though he was not intimately involved in this project, he gave me suggestions and support. I know the project would not have been the same without him. I was lucky to have him as the theory professor who not only piqued my interest in the transformative power of education but also taught me humility. I thank my friends in the department, and those outside of academia, who listened to me process through the writing and providing regular support and feedback and spent hours being that second, or third, or fourth pair of eyes looking over my work. Especially April, Patrick, Jeff and Daniel, they encouraged me to recognize my own strengths and abilities and picked me up on those hard days. Mostly importantly, I give my undying thanks to my partner, Jenn Becker, who has been by my side through this whole project and has been the de facto research assistant and transcriptionist extraordinaire. She has encouraged me through the hard times, celebrated in the high times and is willing to stay by my side as I continue in my journey in academia. I could not ask for a better partner! iv Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................... i Dedication ......................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgement ............................................................................................................. iv Chapter One: Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 1 Post-Gay/Post-Closet Discourse ................................................................................... 4 Importance of Linguistics and Discourse .................................................................... 7 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................................... 10 Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 10 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 12 Chapter Two: Literature Review ................................................................................... 13 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 13 Linear Constructivist Models and Identity Theories ............................................... 13 Gender as a Concept ................................................................................................... 21 Gender and Patriarchy ............................................................................................... 23 Hegemonic Masculinity and Emphasized Femininity .............................................. 26 Doing/Being Gender(ed) ............................................................................................. 26 Beyond Gender into Performativity .......................................................................... 29 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 44 Chapter Three: Methodology ......................................................................................... 46 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 46 Research Design ........................................................................................................... 46 Setting ........................................................................................................................... 46 Participants .................................................................................................................. 47 Interview Background ................................................................................................. 50 Data Collection and Instruments ..............................................................................