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@ (Hymenoptera) Ichneumonidae > @ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ 6، ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، ﺳﺎل 1393، ( -191 202 ) داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، واﺣﺪ اراك ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨ ﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺷﺎﭘﺎ 4668- 2008 ( ﻋﻠﻤﻲ- ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻲ ) ) www.entomologicalresearch.ir ﺟﻠﺪ6 ، ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، ﺳﺎل 1393، ( -191 202) ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻓﻮن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده (Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران * ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎر1 ، رﺿﺎ وﻓﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﻮﺷﺘﺮي2 ، ﺣﺴﻦ ﺑﺮﻳﻤﺎﻧﻲ ورﻧﺪي3 -1 داﻧﺶ آﻣﻮﺧﺘﻪ ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ، ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، واﺣﺪ اراك -2 اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر، ﮔﺮوه ﺣﺸﺮهﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ، داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه آزاد اﺳﻼﻣﻲ، واﺣﺪ اراك -3 اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر، ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ، واﺣﺪ ﺳﺎري ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻓﻮن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichneumonidae در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران در ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1390 ﺗﺎ 1391 ﻣـﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳـﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . در اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ از ﺗﻠﻪ ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺰ، ﺗﻠﻪ ﺷﻴﺸﻪ اي، ﺗﻠﻪ ﺗﺸﺘﻜﻲ زرد و ﺳﻔﻴﺪ، ﺗﻠﻪ ﻧﻮري و ﺗـﻮر ﺣﺸﺮهﮔﻴﺮي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ . ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه 11 ﺟﻨﺲ از 8 زﻳﺮﺧـﺎﻧﻮاده ﺑـﻪ ﺷـﺮح زﻳـﺮ ﺟﻤـﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳـﺎﻳﻲ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﭘﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﻣﻬﻤﺖ ﻓﺎروق ﮔﻮرﺑﻮز و دﻛﺘﺮ ﻛﻴﺰ زواﺧﺎﻟﺰ رﺳﻴﺪ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ اﻛﻨﻮن در ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺳﺎري و ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي اراك ﻧﮕـﻪ داري ﻣـﻲ ﺷـﻮﻧﺪ . ﺑﺮاﺳـﺎس ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد، ﭘﻨﺞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﺘﺎره ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ : : Anomalon cruentatum (Geoffray,1785) (Anomaloninae) Tromatobia oculatoria (FABRICIUS, 1798)* (Pimplinae) Liotryphon caudatus (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Pimplinae) Pimpla spuria (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Pimplinae) Clistopyga rufator (Holmgren,1856) (Pimplinae) Tryphon atriceps (Stephens, 1835) (Tryphoninae) Syrphoctonus sp. ( Thomson, 1890)*(Diplazontinae) Lissonota clypeator (Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Lissonota fundator (Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Lissonota versicolor (Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Collyria coxator (Villers, 1789) (Collyrinae) Mesochorus sp. ( Förster,Archive 1869) (Mesochorinae) of SID Brachycyrtus sp. ( Townes, 1960) (Brachycyrtinae) واژه ﻫﺎي ﻛﻠﻴﺪي: ﻓﻮن، ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران، اﻳﺮان، Lissonota ، Lissonota fundator ، Lissonota clypeator ، Syrphoctonus sp. ،Tromatobia oculatoria . versicolor * ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه راﺑﻂ، ﭘﺴﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﻜﻲ : [email protected] ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ (12 /4/ 91) - ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ (91/10/11) www.SID.ir ١٩١ ﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎر و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻓﻮن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده (Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera ... ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻬﻤﻲ در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ آﻓﺎت در ﻳ ﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ دارﻧﺪ . ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﻫﺎي راﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺎل ﻏﺸﺎﻳﻴﺎن ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ، اﺛﺮ اﻛﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ و ارزش اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي داراي اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichneumonoidea ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ راﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﺎل ﻏﺸﺎﻳﻴﺎن ( Hymenoptera ) و زﻳﺮ راﺳﺘﻪ Apocrita ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 2 ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Braconidae ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ 40000 ﮔ ﻮﻧﻪ و Ichneumonidae ﺑﺎ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ 60000 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ( Sharkey, 1993; Gauld, 1988 ). ). ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichnueumonidae ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 39 زﻳﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده، 1485 ﺟﻨﺲ و 23208 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ در ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﻞ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده را ﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﺑﺮ 000/ 60 ذﻛﺮ ﻧﻤﻮده اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ 3000 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ آن از آﻣﺮﻳﻜﺎي ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ( Yu & Horstmann, 1997 ). ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي را در ﻋﺮض ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺮض ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ دارد ( Sime & Brower, 1998 ). زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده اﻛﺜﺮاً زﻧﺪﮔﻲ اﻧﻔﺮا دي دارﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪرت ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ . ﺗﻌﺪاد اﻧﺪﻛﻲ از ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻫﻴﭙﺮﭘﺎرازﻳﺖ روي اﻓﺮادي از ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻫﺎي (.Braconidae (Hym.), Tachinidae (Dip و دﻳﮕﺮ Ichneumonidae ﻫﺎ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ( Triplehorn & Johnson, 2005 ). اﻳﻜﻨﺌﻮﻣﻮﻧﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﻻرو و ﺷﻔﻴﺮه ﺣﺸﺮاﺗﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ دﮔﺮدﻳﺴﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﻞ دارﻧﺪ . ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻻ، ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ وﺳﻴﻊ، ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻴﺰان ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﮔﺮي و ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺑﻮدن زﻣﺎن دﺳﺖ ﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن در اﻓﺮاد ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichneumonidae ، آﻧﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ از دﺷﻤﻨﺎن ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﻃﻴﻒ وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﺣﺸﺮات و ﺑﻨﺪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎن ﺗﺒ ﺪﻳﻞ ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ ( Yu & Horstmann, 1997 ). ). ﺑﺮﺧﻼف ﺑﺎل ﻏﺸﺎﻳﻴﺎن ﻛﻮﭼﻚ، زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي اﻳﻜﻨﺌﻮﻣﻮﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺗﺨﻢ ﻫﺎي اﻧﻔﺮادي را ﭘﺎرازﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺑﺮاﻛﻮ (ﺪﻨﻳ Braconidae ) و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﻤﻲ از اﻳﻜﻨﺌﻮﻣﻮﻧﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺗﺨﻢ و ﻻرو ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ . آن ﻫﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺪد ﺗﺨ ﻢ درون ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ، اﻣﺎ از ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻻروي ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ . ﺣﺸﺮات ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺲ از ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮدن ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﺗﺨﻢ ﻫﺎي ﺧﻮد را روي ﺑﺪن، داﺧﻞ ﺑﺪن ﻳﺎ ﻧﺰدﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ و ﻻروﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺎرازﻳﺖ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺖ داﺧﻠﻲ از ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﺗﻐﺬﻳ ﻪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ . ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪﻫﺎي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ﻣﻴﺰﺑﺎن ﻫﺎ را در ﻣﻜﺎن ﻫﺎي ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻮﻧﻞ ﻫﺎي ﻻﻧﻪ ﺳﺎزي، ﺳﻠﻮل ﻫﺎي ﺷﻔﻴﺮﮔﻲ، ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺑﺮﮔﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭘﻴﻠﻪ ﻫﺎ ﭘﺎرازﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ (Askew, & Shaw, 1986) . از آﻧﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﻮن ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﺋﻴﺪ ﻫﺎ و ﺷﻜﺎرﮔﺮﻫﺎي ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﮔﺎﻣﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ در اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺮا ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ اﺳﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻓﻮن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichneumonidae در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺖ . ﻣﺮوري ﺑﺮ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Anomalon cruentatum از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Anomaloninae از ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ از اﻳﻦ از ﻫﻨﺪ، ﭘﺎﻛﺴﺘﺎن و و اروﭘﺎ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد (Coruh SID et al ., 2004) . در ofﺳﺎل 2005 ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي Archiveاﻳﻜﻨﺌﻮﻣﻮﻧﻴﺪه در اﻳﺮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Anomalon amseli ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮن اﻳﺮان از ﻣﺸﻬﺪ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ A.cruentatum از اردﺑﻴﻞ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ (Kolarov, 2005) . ﮔﻮﻧﻪ A.foliator ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ زارع ﭘﻮر از ﻳﺰد ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪي ﺑﺮاي ﻓﻮن اﻳﺮان ﺑﻮد ( (Collyria .( Zarepour, 2009 داراي 8 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﭘﺎﻟﺌﺎرﻛﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﻮرﺑﻮز و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران از ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ ه اﺳﺖ. از اﻳﺮان ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﮔﻮﻧﻪ C.coxator ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ (Gurbuz et al ., 2008). از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Banchinae ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺟﻨﺲ Lissonota از ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ (Coruh et al ., 2010) . ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ L.lineata ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻻرو از ﺟﻨﮕﻞ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎل اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي آن در ﻧﻮاﺣﻲ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ (Kolarov, 2005) . 3 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ﺟﻨﺲ Tromatobia از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Pimplinae ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﻮرﺑﻮز www.SID.ir ١٩٢ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ ،6 ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، ﺳﺎل 1393 (، -191 202 ) از ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ (Gurbuz, 2005). ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Syrphoctonus sp از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Diplazontinae از اﻳﺘﺎﻟﻴﺎ ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر ﺑﺎ ﮔﺰارش 5 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ اراﺋﻪ ﺷﺪ( Giuseppe, 2007)، ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻧﺘﺸﺎر اﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ در اروﭘﺎ و ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ Neotropical ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﺟﻨﺲ Brachycyrtus از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Brachycyrtinae ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻻرو از ﺑﻠﻐﺎرﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ آن در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ Holarctic و Neotropical ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻫﻢ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻻرو از اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ (Kolarov, 2005). ﮔﻮﻧﻪ Mesochorus sp از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Mesochorinae از اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﻴﻼن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺴﻨﺪي ﻳﺰدي ﻧﮋاد و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﮔﺰارش ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ﻧﻴﺰ ﺟﻤﻊ آوري ﺷﺪ (Masnadi et al ., 2009) . اﻳﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻻرواز ﻳﻮﻧﺎن ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ (Kolarov, 2007) . ﻣﻮاد و روش ﻫﺎ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ از ﻧﻘﺎط ﻣﺨ ﺘﻠﻒ ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺳﺎري و اﻃﺮاف، ﺣﺪودا ﺗﺎ ﺷﻌﺎع 100 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮداري ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻮر ﺣﺸﺮه ﮔﻴﺮي1 ، ﺗﻠﻪ ﺧﻴﻤﻪ اي2 ، ﺗﻠﻪ ﻧﻮري3 ، ﺗﻠﻪ ﺗﺸﺘﻜﻲ زرد و ﺳﻔﻴﺪ4 و ﺗﻠﻪ ﺷﻴﺸﻪ اي5 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺟﻬﺖ ﺳﻮزن زدن، ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺪت 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ در داﺧﻞ دﺳﻴﻜﺎﺗﻮر ﻗﺮار داده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي اﻟﻜﻠﻲ ﭘﺲ از ﺧﺸﻚ ﺷﺪن ﺑﺮ روي ﻛﺎﻏﺬ ﺧﺸﻚ ،ﻛﻦ ﺳﻮزن زده ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Ichneumonidae ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژي ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ و ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي ﺳﺮ، ﺳﻴﻨﻪ، ﺑﺎل، ﺷﻜﻢ و ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰ و ﺑﻪ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎ ﻳﻲ ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه اﻳﻦ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎت ﻣﺮﻓﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ اﺳﺘﺮﻳﻮ ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ( ﺷﻜﻞ 1 ). Archive of SID www.SID.ir ٣ ١٩ ﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎر و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران : ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻓﻮن زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده (Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera ... ﺷﻜﻞ -1 زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي اﻳﻜﻨﺌﻮﻣﻮﻧﻴﺪ از ﻧﻤﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ : اﻗﺘﺒﺎس ازﻛﻠﻴﺪ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ (Bennett ., 2009) a . ﭘﺮوﻧﻮﺗﻮم b . اﭘﻮﻣﻴﺎ c . ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ d Propleuron . ﻛﺎرﻳﻨﺎي ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ e epicnemial. اﺳﺘﺮﻧﺎﻟﻮس f . ﻧﺎﺧﻦ ﻫﺎي ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﭘﺎي ﻋﻘﺒﻲ g. ﺧﺎرﻫﺎي ﺳﺎق ﭘﺎي ﺟﻠﻮﻳﻲ h. ﺑﻨﺪ اﺻﻠﻲ ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﭘﺎي ﻋﻘﺒﻲ i. ﺧﺎر ﺳﺎق ﭘﺎي ﻋﻘﺒﻲ k Mesopleural fovea . j . ﮔﻠﻴﻤﺎ l . ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰ در ﺟﻨﺲ ﻣﺎده m. ﻏﻼف ﺗﺨﻢ رﻳﺰ n . دوﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺗﺮژﻳﺖ ﺷﻜﻢ o . ﻧﻤﺎي ﭘﺸﺘﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺗﺮژﻳﺖ ﺷﻜﻢ p . اﺳﭙﻴﺮا ﻛﻞ اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﻜﻢ q . ﭘﺮﭘﻮدﺋﻮم mesopleural suture .r s . ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ ﭘﻬﻠﻮﻳﻲ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ Occipital carina .u Notaulus of mesoscutum . t Fig . 1- Ichneumonid wasp, lateral view: a, pronotum; b, epomia; c, propleuron; d, epicnemial carina; e , sternaulus; f, hind tarsal claw; g, fore tibial spur; h, basal segment of hind tarsus; i, hind tibial spur; j, mesopleural fovea; k, glymma; l, ovipositor; m, ovipositor sheaths; n, tergite of metasomal segment two (T2); o, dorsolateral carina of tergite one (T1); p, spiracle of T1; q, propodeum; r, mesopleural suture; s, mesopleuron; t, notaulus of mesoscutum; u, occipital carina. ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪه ﻣﻮرد ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﭘﺮوﻓﺴﻮر ﻣﻬﻤﺖ ﻓﺎروق ﮔﻮرﺑﻮز از ﻛﺸﻮر ﺗﺮﻛﻴﻪ و دﻛﺘﺮ ﻛﻴﺰ زواﺧﺎﻟﺰ از ﻛﺸﻮر ﻫﻠﻨﺪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﻳﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻫﻢ اﻛﻨﻮن در ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘ ﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺳﺎري و ﺑﺨﺶ ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي اراك ﻧﮕﻪ داري ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ . ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ 11 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ SIDﺑﻪ 6 زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ofاز زﻧﺒﻮرﻫﺎي ﭘﺎرازﻳﺘﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ArchiveIchneumonidae از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران ﻃﻲ ﺳﺎل ﻫﺎي 1390- 1391 ﺟﻤﻊ آوري و ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﮔ ﺮدﻳﺪ . ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Anomalon (Geoffray,1785 cruentatum از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Anomaloninae ، ﺳﻪ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Holmgren,1856) ،Pimpla spuria (Gravenhorst, 1829) Clistopyga rufator و (Liotryphon caudatus (Ratzeburg, 1848 از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Pimplinae ، ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Villers, 1789) Collyria coxator از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Collyriinae ، ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Mesochorus sp. (Förster, 1869 از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Mesochorinae و 1 - Sweeping net 2- Malaise trap 3- Light trap 4- Yellow & White trap 5- Windows trap www.SID.ir ١٩ ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺣﺸﺮه ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﺟﻠﺪ ،6 ﺷﻤﺎره 2 ، ﺳﺎل 1393 (، -191 202 ) ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Brachycyrtus sp. (Townes, 1960 از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده( Brachycyrtinae) ﻗﺒﻼ از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ . ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Tryphon atriceps (Stephens, 1835 از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Tryphoninae در اﻳﺮان ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻮﻻرو ﮔﺰارش ﺷﺪ وﻟﻲ در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺷﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد (Kolarov, 2006). ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Fabricius, 1798) Tromatobia oculatoria از زﻳ ﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Pimplinae و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ( L.fundator , L.versicolor (Gravenhorst,1820 و Lissonota clypeator از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Banchinae و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ (Syrphoctonus sp. (Thomson, 1890 از زﻳﺮﺧﺎﻧﻮاده Diplazontinae ﺑﺮاي اوﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎر از اﻳﺮان ﮔﺰارش ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد .
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