DOCSLIB.ORG

De Travail168

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
De Travail168 DOCUMENTS DE TRAVAIL168 Trajectories and Origins Survey on Population Diversity in France Initial findings October 2010 By the TeO research team Co-ordinated by Cris Beauchemin, Christelle Hamelle and Patrick Simon Trajectories and Origins Survey on Population Diversity in France Initial findings October 2010 Contents Introduction Trajectories and Origins (TeO), a Survey on Population Diversity in France 5 Glossary 7 Chapter 1 The Populations Surveyed Bertrand Lhommeau, Patrick Simon 11 Chapter 2 Migration Is Not Only Immigration Cris Beauchemin, Catherine Borrel, Corinne Régnard 19 Chapter 3 Between Here and There: a Glimpse of “Transnational” Practices in the Population Living in Metropolitan France 25 Cris Beauchemin, Hugues Lagrange, Mirna Safi Chapter 4 Diversity of Linguistic Practises Stéphanie Condon, Corinne Régnard 31 Chapter 5 Educational Attainment of Immigrants and their Descendants 37 Laure Moguérou, Yaël Brinbaum, Jean-Luc Primon Chapter 6 Educational Trajectories and Experiences of Young Descendants of Immigrants in France 45 Yaël Brinbaum, Laure Moguérou, Jean-Luc Primon Chapter 7 Labour market Situation of Persons aged 18-50 by Sex and Origin 53 Bertrand Lhommeau, Dominique Meurs, Jean-Luc Primon Chapter 8 Occupations of Descendants of Immigrants and their Fathers: Is Occupational Inheritance Determined 61 by Geographical Origin? Mahrez Okba Chapter 9 Working Hours and Wages Bertrand Lhommeau, Dominique Meurs, Jean-Luc Primon 69 Chapter 10 The Experience of Migration, Self-perceived Health and Non-Use of Healthcare Service 75 Christelle Hamel, Muriel Moisy Chapter 11 Union Formation between Here and There 83 Christelle Hamel, Bertrand Lhommeau, Ariane Pailhé, Emmanuelle Santelli 2 W W W Contents Chapter 12 Inequalities in Housing Transitions, Perceived Discrimination and Segregation 93 Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon, Solenne Robello Chapter 13 Spheres of Sociability: Family Relations Versus Social Relations 99 Laure Moguérou, Emmanuelle Santelli Chapter 14 Civic Life and Political Participation Vincent Tiberj , Patrick Simon 107 Chapter 15 Nationality and National Belonging Patrick Simon 115 Chapter 16 Religion Patrick Simon, Vincent Tiberj 121 Chapter 17 Discrimination Yaël Brinbaum, Christelle Hamel, Jean-Luc Primon, 127 Mirna Safi, Patrick Simon Appendix 1 Rules for classification of the survey populations 135 Appendix 2 The authors 139 “Documents de travail” series List of available issues 143 Responsibility for any judgements or opinions expressed in this document rests solely with their authors. Contents W W W 3 4 W W W Contents Trajectories and Origins (TeO), a Survey on Population Diversity in France To implement government policy on promoting equality and combating discrimination for reasons of origin, tools for analysis and monitoring are required. To inform public debate on immigration in this context, more information is needed about the social trajectories and living conditions of migrants and their descendants in French society. To meet this need for statistical data, INED and INSEE (1) joined forces to conduct a special survey on population diversity in France and the issue of discrimination. This extensive survey, entitled Trajectories and Origins (TeO), a survey on population diversity in France, was conducted in metropolitan France between September 2008 and February 2009 on a sample of 21,000 people. Respondents were immigrants, DOM native-borns (ie. persons born in one of the French overseas départements), descendants of immigrants, descendants of DOM native-borns, or persons born in metropolitan France without immigrant or DOM-native-born parents. This survey fills a gap in statistical knowledge of these minority populations; although they have been the subject of surveys in recent years, no previous survey has had such a large sample or covered so many areas of social life. The Trajectories and Origins survey is intended to assess how far migratory origins (from other countries or from overseas France) are liable to affect living conditions and chances of access to the goods, services and rights that establish a person’s place in society: housing, education, employment and promotion, public services and welfare provisions, health, nationality and citizenship, etc. The survey addresses respondents’ social situations at the time of the survey and looks at their living conditions and experiences. The survey’s title refers to “trajectories” in the plural, underscoring the intention to study the life course with respect to all aspects of life in society. The survey places special emphasis on tracking individuals’ educational, occupational, residential, conjugal and health trajectories. The aim of the survey is to examine access to resources by immigrants and their children born in France. It aims to reveal inequalities by separating the results of individual or collective decision-making from the results of contextual constraints of whatever kind: discrimination, housing type, the business cycle, etc. Central to the survey’s analyses are the destinies of immigrants’ children compared to those of their parents. Do they experience the same social and residential mobility as those of the working classes in the 1960s or is upward mobility an impossible goal for the second generation? And what role does origin play in mobility or lack of it? While it reveals the variety of experiences encountered by immigrants and their descendants, the survey aims to reveal the dynamics of differentiation and homogenisation between and within groups (including persons born French in France). As well as access to resources, the Trajectories and Origins survey also allows to study how (1) * INED: Institut national d’études démographiques (National Institute for Demographic Studies); INSEE: Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies) Introduction W W W 5 those resources are mobilised in different contexts such as education, employment and housing. One of the survey’s main aims is to identify key moments where discrimination occurs in the course of people’s lives. It addresses all situations where unjust or inegalitarian treatment can happen: course guidance at school, job seeking, working conditions, relations with colleagues and superiors, looking for a home, medical consultations and administrative procedures. The survey also seeks to measure the experience of racism in public (in the street, shops and leisure venues, in relations with authority figures, etc.) and the sense of belonging to a possibly stigmatised minority. (2) For such an extensive survey a team of 24 researchers, academics and statisticians(3) had to be brought together to design the questionnaire and analyse the data, under the supervision of INED and INSEE. More than 500 interviewers gathered the data through face-to-face interviews with respondents. The interviews lasted an hour and a quarter on average. The survey was funded and supported by the following public institutions: Agence nationale pour la cohésion sociale et l’égalité des chances (ACSE); Agence nationale de la recherche (ANR); Direction de l’animation, de la recherche, des études et des statistiques (DARES, Ministry of Employment); Direction de la recherche, des études, de l’évaluation et des statistiques (DREES, Ministry of Health); the Haute autorité de lutte contre les discriminations et pour l’égalité (HALDE); the Institut d’aménagement et d’urbanisme Ile-de-France (Île- de-France city planning institute, IAU-Idf); and the comité interministériel des villes. This book presents a preliminary analysis of the survey. The aim is to present the scientific community and the general public with the survey’s first conclusions on the comparative situations of immigrants, their descendants and the mainstream population. (4) The analyses developed here provide intermediate results prior to the publication of a more exhaustive work in 2012. After the publication of two articles in Population & Societies (5) and INSEE Première ,(6) we were dutybound to publish these preliminary results not only for the respondents who were good enough to answer the questionnaire and disclose aspects of their lives to us, but also to inform current public debates in France. We hope these analyses show the richness and potential of the survey and will encourage readers to make use of the database, which is now freely accessible. (7) (2) The questionnaire is available on the survey’s website, http://teo_english.site.ined.fr/ (3) Élisabeth Algava, Cris Beauchemin, Maryline Bèque, Stéphane Bernard, Catherine Borrel, Yaël Brinbaum, Martin Clément, Stéphanie Condon, Christelle Hamel, Hugues Lagrange, Maud Lesné, Bertrand Lhommeau, Dominique Meurs, Laure Moguerou, Muriel Moisy, Mahrez Okba, Arianne Paihlé, Jean-Louis Pan-Ke-Shon, Jean-Luc Primon, Corinne Régnard, Mirna Safi, Emmanuelle Santelli, Patrick Simon, Vincent Tiberj. (4) See next section for a glossary of the terms used. (5) Beauchemin C., Hamel C., Lesné M., Simon P. and the TeO team, “Discrimination: a question of visible minorities”, Population & Societies No. 466, March 2010. (6) Borrel C. and Lhommeau B., “Être né en France d’un parent immigré”, INSEE Première, 1287, March 2010. (7) For more information see the website of the Réseau Quetelet: http://www.reseau-quetelet.cnrs.fr/ 6 W W W Introduction Glossary The term “mainstream population” refers to the numerically largest group of persons resident in metropolitan France (mainland France and Corsica): those who are neither immigrants
Load more

Recommended publications
  • African Dialects
    African Dialects • Adangme (Ghana ) • Afrikaans (Southern Africa ) • Akan: Asante (Ashanti) dialect (Ghana ) • Akan: Fante dialect (Ghana ) • Akan: Twi (Akwapem) dialect (Ghana ) • Amharic (Amarigna; Amarinya) (Ethiopia ) • Awing (Cameroon ) • Bakuba (Busoong, Kuba, Bushong) (Congo ) • Bambara (Mali; Senegal; Burkina ) • Bamoun (Cameroons ) • Bargu (Bariba) (Benin; Nigeria; Togo ) • Bassa (Gbasa) (Liberia ) • ici-Bemba (Wemba) (Congo; Zambia ) • Berba (Benin ) • Bihari: Mauritian Bhojpuri dialect - Latin Script (Mauritius ) • Bobo (Bwamou) (Burkina ) • Bulu (Boulou) (Cameroons ) • Chirpon-Lete-Anum (Cherepong; Guan) (Ghana ) • Ciokwe (Chokwe) (Angola; Congo ) • Creole, Indian Ocean: Mauritian dialect (Mauritius ) • Creole, Indian Ocean: Seychelles dialect (Kreol) (Seychelles ) • Dagbani (Dagbane; Dagomba) (Ghana; Togo ) • Diola (Jola) (Upper West Africa ) • Diola (Jola): Fogny (Jóola Fóoñi) dialect (The Gambia; Guinea; Senegal ) • Duala (Douala) (Cameroons ) • Dyula (Jula) (Burkina ) • Efik (Nigeria ) • Ekoi: Ejagham dialect (Cameroons; Nigeria ) • Ewe (Benin; Ghana; Togo ) • Ewe: Ge (Mina) dialect (Benin; Togo ) • Ewe: Watyi (Ouatchi, Waci) dialect (Benin; Togo ) • Ewondo (Cameroons ) • Fang (Equitorial Guinea ) • Fõ (Fon; Dahoméen) (Benin ) • Frafra (Ghana ) • Ful (Fula; Fulani; Fulfulde; Peul; Toucouleur) (West Africa ) • Ful: Torado dialect (Senegal ) • Gã: Accra dialect (Ghana; Togo ) • Gambai (Ngambai; Ngambaye) (Chad ) • olu-Ganda (Luganda) (Uganda ) • Gbaya (Baya) (Central African Republic; Cameroons; Congo ) • Gben (Ben) (Togo
    [Show full text]
  • Region: West Africa (14 Countries) (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte D’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo)
    Region: West Africa (14 Countries) (Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo) Project title: Emergency assistance for early detection and prevention of avian influenza in Western Africa Project number: TCP/RAF/3016 (E) Starting date: November 2005 Completion date: April 2007 Government counterpart Ministries of Agriculture responsible for project execution: FAO contribution: US$ 400 000 Signed: ..................................... Signed: ........................................ (on behalf of Government) Jacques Diouf Director-General (on behalf of FAO) Date of signature: ..................... Date of signature: ........................ I. BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION In line with the FAO/World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) Global Strategy for the Progressive Control of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), this project has been developed to provide support to the regional grouping of West African countries to strengthen emergency preparedness against the eventuality of HPAI being introduced into this currently free area. There is growing evidence that the avian influenza, which has been responsible for serious disease outbreaks in poultry and humans in several Asian countries since 2003, is spread through a number of sources, including poor biosecurity at poultry farms, movement of poultry and poultry products and live market trade, illegal and legal trade in wild birds. Although unproven, it is also suspected that the virus could possibly be carried over long distances along the migratory bird flyways to regions previously unaffected (Table 1) is a cause of serious concern for the region. Avian influenza subtype H5N1 could be transported along these routes to densely populated areas in the South Asian Subcontinent and to the Middle East, Africa and Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigration Manual
    Immigration Manual November 2006 Baker & McKenzie International is a Swiss Verein with member law firms around the world. In accordance with the common terminology used in professional service organizations, reference to a “partner” means a person who is a partner, or equivalent, in such a law firm. Similarly, reference to an “office” means an office of any such law firm. © 2006 Baker & McKenzie All rights reserved. This publication is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of private study or research permitted under applicable copyright legislation, no part may be reproduced or transmitted by any process or means without prior written permission. IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER. The material in this booklet is of the nature of general comment only. It is not offered as advice on any particular matter and should not be taken as such. The firm and the contributing authors expressly disclaim all liability to any person in respect of anything and in respect of the consequences of anything done or omitted to be done wholly or partly in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this booklet. No client or other reader should act or refrain from acting on the basis of any matter contained in it without taking specific professional advice on the particular facts and circumstances in issue. Immigration Manual Immigration Manual INTRODUCTION This manual is designed to provide a general overview of the immigration laws and procedures of various countries. Please note that the immigration laws and procedures are constantly changing and are subject to new policies and developments. Therefore, this manual is not intended to be exhaustive and specific questions should be directed to the Executive Transfer and Immigration Department of Baker & McKenzie, Hong Kong.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Resilience in Africa's Drylands
    REGIONAL INITIATIVE FOR AFRICA Building resilience in Africa’s drylands FOCUS COUNTRIES Burkina Faso, Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. OVERALL GOAL Enhance the capacity of dryland countries to anticipate, mitigate and respond to shocks, threats and crises affecting their livelihoods. ABOUT THE REGIONAL INITIATIVE Populations in Africa are increasingly exposed to the negative impact of natural and human-induced disasters such as drought, floods, disease epidemics and conflicts which threaten the agriculture production systems and livelihoods of vulnerable communities. The initiative on “Building Resilience in Africa’s Drylands” was developed to enhance the capacity of these communities to withstand and bounce back from these crises. It aims to strengthen institutional capacity for resilience; support early warning and information management systems; build community level resilience; and respond to emergencies and crises. ZIMBABWE Vegetable farming in Chirumhanzi district. ©FAO/Believe Nyakudjara ZIMBABWE Emergency drought mitigation for livestock in Matabeleland province. ©FAO/Believe Nyakudjara practices and knowledge in the region. The Regional MAKING A DIFFERENCE Initiative also seeks to support countries in meeting one of the key commitments of the Malabo Declaration on The Regional initiative strengthens institutional capacity reducing the number of people in Africa vulnerable to for resilience; supports early warning and information climate change and other threats. management systems; builds community level resilience; and responds to emergencies and crises. Priority actions include: IN PRACTICE > Provide support in areas of resilience policy development and implementation, resilience To achieve resilience in Africa’s drylands in the focus measurement, vulnerability analysis, and strategy countries, the initiative is focusing its efforts on: development and implementation.
    [Show full text]
  • Eu Emergency Trust Fund for Africa Trust Fund for Stability and Addressing Root Causes of Irregular Migration and Displaced Persons in Africa
    EU EMERGENCY TRUST FUND FOR AFRICA TRUST FUND FOR STABILITY AND ADDRESSING ROOT CAUSES OF IRREGULAR MIGRATION AND DISPLACED PERSONS IN AFRICA he Emergency Trust Fund for Africa complements the long-standing and comprehensive partnership that European Union and Africa enjoy together. Established at the Valletta Summit on Migration in November 2015, the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa was created to address the root causes of instability, forced Tdisplacement and irregular migration and to contribute to better migration management. The Valletta Summit brought together European and African Heads of State and Government in an effort to strengthen cooperation and address the current challenges but also the opportunities of migration. The Trust Fund for Africa is worth over €3.3 billion, with over 88% of the contributions coming from the EU, and around 12% from EU Member States and other donors. The bulk of its resources are dedicated to the creation of jobs and Economic Development, especially for young people and women in local communities, with a focus on vocational training and the creation of micro and small enterprises. The other priority areas are supporting Resilience to support basic services for local populations, Migration Management, e.g. to prevent irregular migration and fight human trafficking, as well as Stability and Governance, in particular by promoting conflict prevention, addressing human rights abuses and enforcing the rule of law. THE STATE OF PLAY OF THE EU EMERGENCY TRUST FUND FOR AFRICA To date, 146 programmes across the three regions have been approved for a total amount of approximately €2.4 billion divided as follows: Horn of Africa 818.1 million, North of Africa €285 million, Sahel/Lake Chad €1263 million, and cross-cindow projects €21.6 million.
    [Show full text]
  • Metropolitan Mosaics and Melting-Pots
    Metropolitan Mosaics and Melting-Pots Metropolitan Mosaics and Melting-Pots: Paris and Montreal in Francophone Literatures Edited by Pascale De Souza and H. Adlai Murdoch Metropolitan Mosaics and Melting-Pots: Paris and Montreal in Francophone Literatures, Edited by Pascale De Souza and H. Adlai Murdoch This book first published 2013 Cambridge Scholars Publishing 12 Back Chapman Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2XX, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2013 by Pascale De Souza and H. Adlai Murdoch and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-4771-2, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-4771-1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ................................................................................... vii Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Paris and/or Montreal: A Double Vision of Migrant Negotiation Pascale De Souza and H. Adlai Murdoch Chapter One ............................................................................................... 28 Migration and Identity in Haitian Québécois Literature Susan Ireland and Patrice J. Proulx Chapter Two .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chad/Cameroon Development Project
    Chad/Cameroon Development Project Project Update No. 30 Mid-Year Report 2011 Chad Export Project Project Update No. 30 Mid-Year Report 2011 This report has been prepared by Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc., in its capacity as Operator of the Consortium and as Project Management Company on behalf of the Tchad Oil Transportation Company S.A. (TOTCO) and the Cameroon Oil Transportation Company S.A. (COTCO). Preface his Project Update, the thirtieth such report for the Chad Export Project (also referred to as the T Chad/Cameroon Development Project), covers the period from January through June, 2011. The report reflects the activities of the project operating company and its prime contractors, with a particular focus on compliance with the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Several entities share responsibility for implementing the project. • Oilfield development and production in Chad is conducted by Esso Exploration and Production Chad Inc. (EEPCI) on behalf of the Consortium (Esso, Petronas, Chevron). • Pipeline activities in Chad are conducted by the Tchad Oil Transportation Company S.A. (TOTCO). • Pipeline activities in Cameroon are conducted by the Cameroon Oil Transportation Company S.A. (COTCO). • During construction, EEPCI provided project management services to TOTCO and COTCO. These reports are submitted through, and subject to verification by, the World Bank and Lender Group as a reporting requirement of the project’s partnership with the Bank and the two host countries. This report also represents a commitment to transparency by Esso and its co-venture partners. By publishing this information, the project wishes to make it possible for the World Bank and Lender Group, the citizens of the host countries, interested non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and others to stay well informed about the project as it unfolds.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping ENI Spcs Migrants in the Euro-Mediterranean Region: an Inventory of Statistical Sources
    Funded by the European Union Mapping ENI SPCs migrants in the Euro-Mediterranean region: An inventory of statistical sources 1 International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) Gonzagagasse 1 1010 Vienna, Austria ICMPD Regional Coordination Office for the Mediterranean Development House 4A, St Ann Street FRN9010 Floriana Malta www.icmpd.org Written by: Françoise de Bel-Air ICMPD Team: Alexis McLean Suggested Citation: ICMPD (2020), Mapping ENI SPCs migrants in the Euro-Mediterra- nean region: An inventory of statistical sources, Vienna: ICMPD. This publication was produced in the framework of the EUROMED Migration IV (EMM4) programme. EMM4 is an EU-funded initiative implemented by the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD). www.icmpd.org/emm4 The present study includes active links to sources and references that are accessible online. Readers are strongly encouraged to consult the study’s soft version to access all links made available. © European Union, 2020 The information and views set out in this study are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Union. Neither the European Union institutions and bodies nor any person acting on their behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Design: Pietro Bruni - [email protected] 2 Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Sub-Saharian Immigration in France : from Diversity to Integration
    Sub-Saharian immigration in France : from diversity to integration. Caroline JUILLARD Université René Descartes-Paris V The great majority of Sub-Saharian African migration comes from West - Africa, more precisely from francophone countries as Senegal, Mali, and into a lesser extent Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania. There are also migrants from other francophone African countries such as : Zaïre (RDC), Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Niger. Migrants consist mostly of workers and students. I shall speak principally of West-African migration for which sociolinguistic sources are not many. My talk will have three main parts. I General characteristics of this migration. A/ Census data First of all, I will discuss census data. The major trend of immigration to France nowadays comes from Sub-Saharian Africa ; it has tripled between 1982 et 1990 and almost doubled according to the last census of 1999 (Cf. Annexes). According to 1999 census, this migrant population counts more or less 400.000 persons. Official data are multiple and differ from one source to the other. Variations are important. Children born in France from immigrant parents do not participate to the immigrant population and, so for, are not included in the migration population recorded by the national census. They are recorded by the national education services. Moreover, there might be more persons without residency permit within the Sub-Saharian migration than within other migrant communities. I 2 mention here well-known case of “les sans-papiers”, people without residency permit, who recently asked for their integration to France. Case of clandestines has to be mentioned too. Data of INSEE1 do not take into account these people.
    [Show full text]
  • H-France Review Vol. 14 (August 2014), No. 127 Linda Guerry, Le
    H-France Review Volume 14 (2014) Page 1 H-France Review Vol. 14 (August 2014), No. 127 Linda Guerry, Le genre de l’immigration et de la naturalisation: L’exemple de Marseille (1918-1940). Lyon: ENS Editions, 2013. 303 pp. Maps, tables, figures, and bibliography. 26.00€. (pb). ISBN 978-2-84788- 342-8. ISSN 1258-1135. Review by Leslie Page Moch, Michigan State University. Linda Guerry has tackled the important question of gender and immigration from a fresh and thorough perspective, using a triad of lenses--focusing first on the discourse about male and female newcomers, then on immigrant women in the labor force, and finally on naturalization by application or through marriage. Guerry asks how gender affected not only how immigrants were viewed, but also one’s chances for residence and work permits and for citizenship. It is well known that French naturalization law became welcoming in the 1920s, when the need for new workers and their children was felt most keenly; this resulted in the reducing of residency requirements from a decade to three years with legislation passed in 1927. Guerry shows us that this is a small part of the story of gender and immigration, and she does so by investigating not only national trends and discourse, but also by delving into administrative practice and the particular case of Marseille in the crucial interwar period, when a welcoming and labor-hungry France turned xenophobic with the depressed labor market in the 1930s. Anglophone readers have long been aware of the key role of Marseille in our understanding
    [Show full text]
  • Chad O Z Humanitarian Z a L a P / 9 1 0
    2021 https://www.unicef.org/appeals/chad o z Humanitarian z a l a P / 9 1 0 2 Action for / d a h C F E Children C I N U © A girl living in Baga Sola refugee site in Lake Chad province walks home after attending her UNICEF-supported school. Chad HIGHLIGHTS IN NEED Chad is facing conflict-induced displacements, destructive rains, floods, loss of crops and 6.4 3.1 the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Over 3 million schoolchildren (58 per cent girls) are affected by nationwide school closures; almost 1.8 million children under 5 million million years are suffering from global acute malnutrition, including 500,000 who are severely 3 4 malnourished;1 and over 300,000 refugee children are at risk of not being vaccinated.2 people children UNICEF will implement a multi-sectoral and gender-sensitive strategy linking humanitarian action and development programming. This will include disease outbreak prevention and control, including in relation to COVID-19, early detection, quality treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM), distance and school-based learning, school materials for displaced, returnee and refugee children; and capacity building for the provision of care, referrals and psychosocial support. 2017 2021 UNICEF requests US$59.5 million to respond to humanitarian needs in Chad. Thirty per cent of these funds will support the COVID-19 response. TO BE REACHED 1.2 1.1 million million people5 children6 KEY PLANNED TARGETS 403,437 370,000 children admitted for children vaccinated against 2017 2021 treatment for severe acute measles malnutrition FUNDING REQUIREMENTS US$ 59.5 100,000 223,500 million people accessing a children receiving individual sufficient quantity of safe learning materials water Figures are provisional and subject to change upon finalization of the inter-agency planning documents.
    [Show full text]
  • Perspectives from French West Indian Literature
    ON BEING WEST INDIAN IN POST-WAR METROPOLITAN FRANCE: PERSPECTIVES FROM FRENCH WEST INDIAN LITERATURE by ROSALIE DEMPSY MARSHALL A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of French Studies University of Birmingham 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. In memory of Gloria, Luddy, Dorcas and Harry Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Professor Jennifer Birkett, for her patience, encouragement, and good advice when these were sorely needed; and also Dr Conrad James, who helped to ease me into French West Indian writing at the beginning of my studies, and who supervised my research in Jennifer’s absence. I am grateful to my dear parents, who kept faith with me over several years, and gave me the time and space to pursue this piece of scholarship. Abstract Most research into contemporary French West Indian literature focuses on writing that stresses the significance of the plantation and urban cultures of the islands in the early to mid-twentieth century or, more recently, on the desire of some writers to explore broader trans-national influences or environments.
    [Show full text]