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Le Chevalier Errant

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Le Chevalier Errant 期 49 总第 JUILLET 2018 | MAGAZINE CULTUREL EN CHINOIS ET FRANÇAIS ISSN : 16749715 CN115961/C N°49 二零一八年七月刊 《孔子学院》中法文对照版 武侠 Le chevalier errant Le chevalier 孔 子 学 院 INSTITUT CONFUCIUS N.49 | JUILLET 2018 WWW.CIM.CHINESECIO.COM RMB 16 / EURO 5,99 NEOMA CONFUCIUS INSTITUTE FOR BUSINESS Le seul centre accrédité par Hanban en France et dans les pays francophones pour la formation et l’examen de CTCSOL (Certificate for Teachers of Chinese to Speakers of Other Languages). Le CTCSOL est un certificat international, délivré par Hanban, aux candidats ayant réussi l’examen de qualification professionnelle en tant que professeurs de chinois internationaux. PROCHAINES SESSIONS DE FORMATION ET D’EXAMEN L’INSTITUT CONFUCIUS DE Examen oral Formation à l’examen oral • Session 2018 : • 1re session : 2–4 janv. 2019 L’UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE 5–6 janv. ; 13–14 janv. 2019 • 2e session : 3–5 juil. 2019 Situé à Metz, chef-lieu de l’ancienne région de Lorraine, • 1re session 2019 : • 3e session : 11–13 déc. 2019 l’institut Confucius de l’Université de Lorraine est une structure 6–7 juil. ; 13–14 juil. 2019 universitaire de coopération franco-chinoise (Université de Lorraine, e • 2 session 2019 : Formation à l’examen écrit Université de Technologie de Wuhan et Hanban). Il est également re 14–15 déc. ; 21–22 déc. 2019 • 1 session : 5–8 janv. 2019 soutenu par les autorités territoriales. Depuis sa création en 2011, • 2e session : 6–9 juil. 2019 il reste fidèle à sa vocation d’être un lieu d’échange et de découverte Examen écrit • 3e session : 14–17 déc. 2019 dans les domaines culturel et linguistique. Il se développe et consolide • 1re session : 20 avr. 2019 sa place dans le paysage interculturel. Sa notoriété grandissante • 2e session : 21 sept. 2019 renforce son rôle et permet, par la mise en œuvre d’un nombre important d’actions de qualité, une visibilité internationale des universités partenaires, des villes et des régions françaises et chinoises. NEOMA CONFUCIUS INSTITUTE 1 rue du Maréchal Juin – BP 125 Email : [email protected] FOR BUSINESS 76825 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex Tél : +33 (0) 2 32 82 17 21 ACTIONS LINGUISTIQUES ACTIONS CULTURELLES confucius.neoma-bs.fr Certification de langue, Conférences, séminaires, formations, manifestations, spectacles, séjours linguistiques. expositions, ateliers culturels, centre de documentation. Informations : Contact : www.univ-lorraine.fr/content/ 03 72 74 10 52 institut-confucius Île du Saulcy, bibliothèque universitaire, BP 20 728 57 012 Metz cedex 01 © NEOMA Confucius Institute for Business for Confucius Institute NEOMA © ÉDITO 卷首语 Depuis les années soixante-dix, les Chinois sont bercés par les 中国的70、80、90后，是看武侠小说和武侠影视剧长大的 romans et les films et séries télévisées d’arts martiaux, et tous 一代人。他们每个人的心中，都有一个不灭的武侠梦。 portent en eux le rêve du wuxia , ce preux chevalier qui bran- 武侠 在这个梦里，他们仗剑天涯、对酒当歌、替天行道，潇潇 dit son épée pour rétablit la justice, indifférent aux honneurs et aux richesses, aux gains et aux pertes, à sa propre mort même. 洒 洒 地 度 过 一 生 ，不 问 名 与 利 ，不 问 得 与 失 ，不 问 生 或 死 。 武 ，是 身 轻 如 燕 、力 拔 千 钧 ；侠 ，是 披 肝 沥 胆 、义 薄 云 天 。 Xia est ce chevalier qui parle à cœur ouvert, vole au secours de 古龙说：骑最快的马，喝最烈的酒，玩最利的刀，杀最狠 l’opprimé. Preux et combatif, wu, il est léger comme l’hirondelle, fort comme le géant. 的人。 金庸说：侠之大者，为国为民。 Ce sont encore les auteurs qui en parlent le mieux… Pour Gu Long, 梁羽生说：莫问前程有愧，但求今生无悔。 le chevalier chevauche l’étalon le plus rapide, boit l’alcool le plus fort ; sa lame est la plus tranchante et il ne fait qu’une bouchée 温 瑞 安 说 ：人 生 何 处 不 江 湖 ，说 武 、说 义 、说 英 雄 、谁 是 英 de l’ennemi le plus féroce. Jin Yong voit un justicier qui œuvre au 雄？ bien de son pays et de son peuple. Liang Yusheng le situe dans 武艺高强者才是英雄吗？纵观历史，中华民族重武，却不 un temps résolument présent, sans regrets, ni passés ni futurs. Et Wen Rui’an de conclure : notre société est aussi celle des rivières 尚 武 。从 字 面 上 来 看 ，“武 ”由“ 止 ”与“ 戈 ”组 成 ，自 春 秋 以 et des lacs, celle du combat, de l’engagement et des héros. 来，“止戈为武”的观念深入人心。虽然这并非“武”字的造字 本义，但中国人坚信，“停止动用武器”才是“武”的真正精神。 Le héros serait donc un expert en arts martiaux ? Si l’Histoire de la Chine est émaillée de nombreux conflits, les Chinois n’en cultivent 在武侠的江湖，路见不平长铗出鞘，是为了还天下人一个 pas pour autant le goût des armes. Le wu de wuxia est formé 武 不再动武的清平盛世。武，只是手段；侠，才是灵魂。 des caractères et , « arrêter » et « arme ». Depuis la période 止 戈 “武侠”是一碗酒，里面盛的不仅是梦中的武和侠，还有 des Printemps et Automnes, les Chinois s’en sont approprié une signification claire : celui qui sait arrêter la guerre sans recourir 我们在真实世界里毕生追求的爱情、友情、善良与自由。 止 aux armes , celui-là réalise un véritable fait d’armes. Et qu’im- 戈 porte si telle n’est pas la signification première dewu : les Chinois 文 沈文婧 demeurent persuadés que seul le renoncement aux armes défi- nit véritablement l’art martial. Le preux chevalier évolue entre lacs et rivières, n'hésitant pas à dégainer son épée face à l'injustice. Car il est de son devoir d’éra- diquer à tout jamais la violence pour rétablir paix et prospérité. Wu n’est qu’un moyen au service d’un état d’esprit xia. Wuxia, c’est une coupe de vin à la gloire du wu et du xia, du rêve du preux chevalier, mais pas seulement : on y retrouve aussi tout ce à quoi tout un chacun aspire : amour, amitié, bonté et liberté. Shen Wenjing, traduit par Marie-Paule Chamayou CONFUCIUS MAGAZINE CULTUREL EN CHINOIS ET FRANÇAIS N°49 JUILLET 2018 © Jiang Yunxing ©《倚天屠龙记》 主 管 ：中 华 人 民 共 和 国 教 育 部 国际连续出版号：ISSN1674-9715 Direction : ministère de Directeur artistique au Hanban : l’Éducation de Chine You Te 主 办 ：孔 子 学 院 总 部 / 国 家 汉 办 国内统一刊号：CN11-5961/C Édition : Hanban Correcteurs : 编辑出版：《孔子学院》编辑部 定价：RMB16 / EURO5.99 (Siège des instituts Confucius) Marie-Paule Chamayou, Wang Yu 协 办 ：法 国 蒙 彼 利 埃 孔 子 学 院 编辑部地址：中国北京西城区德胜 Publication : Bureau d’édition Imprimé par : de l’institut Confucius Presses Univer sitaires de 门外大街129号 总 编 辑 ：马 箭 飞 la Méditerranée, Université En collaboration avec : L’institut 邮政编辑：100088 Paul-Valéry Montpellier 副总编：赵国成 静炜 郁云峰 Confucius de Montpellier (France) ISSN : 1674-9715 于天琪 编辑部电话： Rédacteur en chef : Ma Jianfei 0086-10-58595949 Immatriculation de revue : 主 编 ：樊 钉 Adjoints au rédacteur en chef : CN11-5961/C 传真：0086-10-58595919 Zhao Guocheng, Jing Wei, 副 主 编 ：程 也 Yu Yunfeng, Yu Tianqi Prix : RMB16 / 5.99 € 电子邮箱：[email protected] 编委：Béatrice Gille, Directeur d’édition : Fan Ding Adresse : 129, av. Deshengmenwai, Christiane Prigul 网站 : www.cim.chinesecio.com Assistante du directeur d’édition : quartier Xicheng, Beijing, Chine Cheng Ye 编 辑 ：马 燕 , 屠芫芫, 沈文婧, 王瑜 法国编辑室地址： Code postal : 100088 Espace Jacques 1er d’Aragon – Comité d’édition : 翻译：Marie-Paule Chamayou, Béatrice Gille, Christiane Prigul Tél : 0086-10-58595949 117, rue des États Généraux, Richter, Lise Aguilar, Agnès Sirgant, 34000 Montpellier Rédacteur : Ma Yan, Tu Yuanyuan, Fax : 0086-10-58595919 Cécile Boussin, Lucie Modde, Shen Wenjing, Wang Yu Chantal Leclercq, 王瑜, 四川外国语 联 系电话：0033-0981853801 E-mail : [email protected] Traducteurs : 大学法语系 Site internet : 电子信箱：[email protected] Marie-Paule Chamayou, Lise Aguilar, Agnès Sirgant, www.cim.chinesecio.com 审校：Marie-Paule Chamayou, 广 告 经 营 许 可 证 ：京 西 工 商 广 字 Cécile Boussin, Lucie Modde, Dorian Malovic, 王瑜 Bureau de rédaction en France : 第8053号 Chantal Leclercq, Wang Yu, Espace Jacques 1er d’Aragon département de français 美术设计：Élodie Cavel, 李林, 117, rue des États Généraux 中文刊名题字：欧阳中石 de l’Université des Études Richter, 34000 Montpellier Anne-Laure Servin internationales du Sichuan Tél : 0033 - 0981853801 艺术总监：Élodie Cavel, 尤特, Relecture : Anne-Laure Servin Marie-Paule Chamayou, E-mail : [email protected] Dorian Malovic, Wang Yu Calligraphie du titre de la revue : 校对：Marie-Paule Chamayou, Conception graphique : Ouyang Zhongshi 王瑜 Élodie Cavel, Anne-Laure Servin 印刷：Presses Universitaires Réalisation graphique : de la Méditerranée, Élodie Cavel, Li Lin, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier Anne-Laure Servin 期刊版权页声明 （署名权、保护作品完整权除外）在 AVERTISSEMENT SUR LE COPYRIGHT l’intégrité de l’œuvre). La cession des dits L’intégralité du contenu publié dans la revue droits s’entend pour tous pays, et pour 本刊所有内容、版权、使用权均受法 全 球 范 围 内 转 让 给《 孔 子 学 院 》编 辑 Institut Confucius, les droits d’auteur et d’ex- toutes les langues de parution de la revue. ploitation sont propriété légale de la revue. 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