Langue Iranienne Des Juifs Du Caucase De L'est

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Langue Iranienne Des Juifs Du Caucase De L'est LE JUDEO -TAT (Langue iranienne des Juifs du Caucase de l’Est) 4 COORDINATIONS TABLE DES MATIERES Noms de métier à suffixe azéri -çi ............................................................50 0-INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................12 DERIVES NOMINAUX (MASDARS ) EN –I ..............................................................51 Dérivés de noms en i.................................................................................51 LES TATS DU CAUCASE .....................................................................................12 Dérivés d’adjectifs....................................................................................52 Définition..................................................................................................12 SUFFIXES NON PRODUCTIFS ...............................................................................53 Histoire des Juifs Iranophones du Caucase de l’Est................................13 Suffixes persans résiduels.........................................................................53 LANGUES ET DIALECTES ....................................................................................20 Mots à redoublement distordu..................................................................54 Les dialectes Juifs.....................................................................................20 COMPOSITION ....................................................................................................54 Les dialectes non Juifs d’Azerbaïdjan......................................................22 Composés copulatifs.................................................................................54 Position dans la famille iranienne et essai de datation............................23 Composés explicatifs à déterminant antéposé..........................................55 L’héritage indo-européen et iranien ........................................................24 Composés propositionnels........................................................................55 L’héritage sémitique.................................................................................26 Le contexte turcique .................................................................................27 3-MARQUAGE CASUEL DES GROUPES NOMINAUX ........................57 Le contexte caucasique.............................................................................29 REMARQUES GENERALES ...................................................................................57 L’influence actuelle du russe....................................................................30 Structure générale du groupe nominal.....................................................57 Diachronie et diatopie : le judéo-tat par rapport au persan....................30 Distinction entre clitiques et adpositions .................................................58 CONCEPTION ET CORPUS ....................................................................................31 CLITIQUES .........................................................................................................58 Textes techniques et manuels....................................................................33 Le nominatif..............................................................................................58 Manuel scolaire Zuhun tati (ZT) de 1940.................................................33 Le datif......................................................................................................60 Textes littéraires et folkloriques ...............................................................33 Le locatif...................................................................................................62 Almanax tati (A) de 1990..........................................................................33 PREPOSITIONS ....................................................................................................65 Articles du journal Vatan publiés sur internet :.......................................37 L’ablatif....................................................................................................65 MORPHEMES , ABREVIATIONS , ET SEGMENTATION .............................................38 eri (/ ey) ‘pour’ .........................................................................................67 Mots grammaticaux..................................................................................38 te ‘jusque’ .................................................................................................68 Clitiques....................................................................................................38 zir ‘sous’ ...................................................................................................68 Affixes segmentés dans les exemples ........................................................38 Apudlocatif et apudélatif ..........................................................................69 1- PHONETIQUE ET TRANSCRIPTION..................................................40 CIRCUMPOSITION ...............................................................................................70 L’instrumental ..........................................................................................70 Principes orthographiques .......................................................................40 ‘depuis, à partir de’..................................................................................72 Consonnes : inventaire et définition.........................................................40 Processus affectant systématiquement les consonnes du persan .............41 4-ADJECTIFS QUALIFICATIFS................................................................73 Phonotactique...........................................................................................44 Considérations diachroniques : du persan au tat ....................................73 Voyelles.....................................................................................................45 Deux classes majeures d’adjectifs ?.........................................................73 Accentuation.............................................................................................46 Adjectifs antéposés qualificatifs ...............................................................74 2-NOMS ET DERIVATION NOMINALE..................................................49 Adjectifs dérivés empruntés à l’azéri .......................................................76 Adjectifs en –i d’origine arabe.................................................................77 PLURIEL .............................................................................................................49 Suffixes d’adjectifs persans ......................................................................78 Formation.................................................................................................49 Adjectifs russes .........................................................................................78 Noms de masse .........................................................................................49 Adjectifs composés....................................................................................79 EXPRESSION DU GENRE ......................................................................................49 COMPLEMENTS D ’ADJECTIFS .............................................................................80 SUFFIXES ALLOGENES ........................................................................................50 DEGRES DE L ’ADJECTIF .....................................................................................80 Un diminutif yiddish ? ..............................................................................50 Comparatifs suffixés .................................................................................80 COMPLETIVES 5 6 COORDINATIONS Comparatifs analytiques...........................................................................80 Interrogatifs ‘combien’...........................................................................111 La construction comparative....................................................................81 ‘plusieurs’, ‘certains’ .............................................................................111 Superlatif relatif........................................................................................81 ‘beaucoup’ et ‘un peu’............................................................................112 Superlatif absolu analytique.....................................................................81 Autres partitifs et classificateurs............................................................112 Superlatifs absolus à redoublement de type turc......................................82 Distributivité...........................................................................................113 ADJECTIFS SUBSTANTIVES.................................................................................82 Locutions avec be= locatif .....................................................................114 CONVERSION DE NOMS EN EPITHETES ANTEPOSES .............................................83 ‘tout, tous, entier’ ...................................................................................114 Restes du suffixe –in .................................................................................84 NOMBRES CARDINAUX ....................................................................................115
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