I I I WAMPUM COMPREHENSIVE PLAN

I WAMPUM BOROUGH I LAWRENCE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA WAMPUM BOROUGH COUNCIL Anthony D'Arrigo, Mayor I Milton Gene Cody, President Karolee Loughhead, Vice Resident Eugene Bessell I Emelene Deitrick Charles Kelly Peggy Rychlicki I Victor Short, Sr. WAMPUM BOROUGH PLANNING I COMMISSION Karolee Loughhead, Chairperson Shirely Grymes, Secretary Louis Ferrante I Milton Gene Cody Eleanore Mecklem

~I WAMPUM BOROUGH SECRETARY Susan Beall I WAMPUM BOROUGH CONSULTANT Mourice Waltz Planners and Consultants I I 'I I I I 1 I

I TABLE OF CONTENTS I COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBJECTIVES .... 1 THE PEOPLE POPULATION STUDY ...... 9 I HOUSING INVENTORY AND PLAN ...... 14

THE LAND I PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHIC & ENVIRONMENT STUDY . 23 LAND USE STUDY ...... 28

I THE INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND UTILITIES ...... 30 I TRANSPORTATION ...... 36 THE PLAN PROPOSED LAND USE ...... 49 I CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PLAN ...... 51 DOWNTOWN REVITALIZATION PLAN ...... 53 I HISTORICAL PRESERVATION PLAN ...... 61 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES PLAN . 85 I EXHIBITS FOLLOWINGPAGE ...... 117 I I I I I I I I 1 I I COMMUNlTY DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND OBECTIVES Fundamentally, the community planning process involves the intelligent guidance and

I confrol of a municipality's growth and improvement. Community planning is based on the I premise that existing conditions can be improved, future needs can be fulfiied and steps can I be undertaken to development and maintain a desirable physical, social and economic environment within the community. I In planning, it is an axiom that every municipality is unique, and no standardized I concepts or patterns of development can be expected to validly apply to all Communities. It is necessary that each community decide for itself how it wants to grow, and the kind of

I community it wants to be. The first step m formulating a comprehensive planning program I is to determine general goals and objectives which will reflect what is expected, or hopes to achieve through planning.

I A goal can be defmed as a desirable state toward which me is working. To maintain I their long term validity, the goals must be general in nature and reflect the desire to provide an attractive community with quality neighborhoods, schools, recreational facilities, and other

I public facilities, and employment opportunities. I Planning objectives describe specific facets of each goal in terms of attainable I conditions, and thereby indicate more precisely the individual components that make up the goal. From these plan goals and objectives, one can then begin to analyze a community's I characteristics and develop specific recommendaticms or projects to intelligently guide and I control a municipality's growth and improvement. I 1 I 8

I The goals described below, (not necessarily in order of importance), are I intended to serve as statements of long range direction toward which the more specific objectives show the way.

I OVERALL GOAL I It is the overall goal to develop and preserve a pleasant, attractive, healthy, safe, and I convenient environment for living, working, shopping and relaxing. LAND USE I General Goal I Encourage and perpetuate a land use pattern which includes a wide variety of interrelated land uses in proper proportion, which is able to function efficiently, which

I features an optimum degree of compatibility between land uses and between development and I the natural environment, and which enhances the orderly timing of development. Specific Objectives

I Discourage undesirable land use relationships by avoiding the mixing of incompatible I uses, yet still maintain neighborhood and CBD conveniences. Support and encourage community revitalization activities.

I Encourage the concentration of land uses in discernable clusters, and provide for I reimplantation during revitalization activities. I Support appropriate land use controls to guide future uses and densities or development in accordance with a land use plan. I ENVIRONMENT I General Goal I 2 I I

I Encourage the preservation and enhancement of the natural and cultural environment I so that people and nature will exist inproductive harmony. I SDecific Objectives Encourage protection of unique geologic, vegetative and other ecological zones to I ensure variety in the environment, to maintain the habitats of living things found only in such I localized areas, to serve as outdoor educational resources to guard against damages to life and property, and to preserve the natural amenities.

I Discourage encroachment upon streams and their flood plains, ponds, and high water I table areas that threaten to &grade the natural condition of their water and/or banks. Encourage elimination or careful control of all causes of pollution, including but not

I limited to noise, water, air, and surface pollution. I Encourage a cultural as well as a social heritage through viable historic preservation projects. Cooperate with local historical society and the State Historic Preservation Office. I AESTHETICS I General Goal I Endeavor to enrich the lives of all residents by striving to improve the aesthetic quality of visual impact of the man made environment and by preserving and enhancing the I natural environment. I SDecXic Obiectives Discourage the violation of the usually scenic element of the natural enviroment,

I such as dense woodlands, water bodies, steep slopes and hilltops, by relating all development I to natural features. I 3 I I Encourage the elimination, isolation or screening of all scenic detriments created by I man. Encourage the use of aesthetically pleasing landscaping practices to enhance the visual

I quality of the man made environment. I Encourage the underground placement of utilities when practical, and attractive design I or blending with nature1 when the underground placement of essential facilities is not practical. I Encourage the protection of pleasing view. I Endeavor to control the use of signs in terms of number, type, size and location, and encourage the aesthetic and attractiveness in their design. I Encourage innovative development concepts such as planned residential developments I which stimulate variety in neighborhood and architectural design. TRANSPORTATION TRAFFIC AND CIRCULATION

I General Goal I Encourage the safe and convenient circulation and movement of goods and people within the community, and to points beyond, utilizing all methods practical.

‘I SDecific Goals I Encourage the coordination and the integration of the transportation systems of the community with those of the region.

I Encourage pedestrian walkways wherever warranted by vehicular traffic and other I activities. I Encourage public mass transit services where appropriate. I 4 I Encourage the provision of adequate off-street parking in all future developments.

Encourage the provision of adequate streets and street systems in all future residential,

commercial and industrial subdivision.

I Encourage and promote bridge maintenance and major access improvements leading I into the area. Maintain project coordination with the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.

I ECONOMY

General Goal I Encourage a diversified and enduring economic structure which provides residents with a variety of employment opportunities while at the same time, preserving a healthful, I secure and pleasant residential environment. I Specific Objectives Encourage commercial and industrial revitalization and development.

Encourage the concentration of commercial and industrial developments within I selected areas by designating these areas in a land use plan supported by land use regulations.

Encourage a community facilities infrastructure that stimulates business and industrial I development, e.g., utilities, streets, police and fue protection, etc. Discourage the intrusion of residential uses into existing and proposed commercial and I industrial areas. I Encourage a local government and business Community relationship conductive to I economic development. I 5 I I

I HOUSING I General Goal I Endeavor to promote adequate housing for all the residents. SDecifk Obiectives I Encourage a diversity m housing types and residential areas in the community, so that I every family bas a choice of residential environment and life style. Encourage the preservation of the existing housing stock through public and private I actions and incentives that encourage housing upkeep. I Encourage the elimination of all substandard housing Units by removal of those units beyond salvage, and by rehabilitation of those units that can be feasibly salvaged.

I Encourage the preservation of the residential character and quality of viable 'I residential areas. COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND SERVICES

I Genexal Goal I Endeavor to provide for faculties, services and utilities of the quantity and quality necessary to meet the physical, social, cultural, recreational and aesthetic needs of the

II community and to do so in a timely and fiscally responsible manner. 'I Specific Objectives I Endeavor to provide adequate police and fire protection throughout the community. Endeavor to provide for adequate water, sewerage and solid waste management I services in all areas of the community. I Encourage the provision of adequate public school facilities, including buildings and I 6 I grounds that have multiple community use capacity. a. Promote adequate community parks and recreational systems offering a wide range of

easily accessible year round recreational and cultural opportunities.

Endeavor to provide for community facilities in an orderly and timely manner by

annually updating the Capital Improvement Program and Capital Budget to reflect the public

facility needs of the community.

Research federal and state grant assistance programs which provide cost effective and I financially feasible community facilities. I ENERGY CONSERVATION General Goal

Promote the cunservation of energy in every way as a matter of specific public

concern.

SDecXic Obiectives

Exercise public responsibility improving direction to energy conservation efforts m

the community.

Encourage efficient land use patterns that lead to efficient energy utilization.

Endeavor to provide land use and development controls, building codes, and similar

regulations that promote energy efficiencies and, conversely, the revision or elimination of

those that cause or encourage wasteful energy consumption.

Utilize alternate energy sources in all new governmental buildings when feasible.

Encourage the use of alternate energy sources in all other public, residential,

commercial and industrial structures in the community.

7 I

I CITIZEN PARTICIPATION AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION I General Goal I Provide mechanisms for conhual discussion among residents wntxxning development and public affairs. I S~ecificObiectives I Have all business meetings of public bodies held open to the public. Encourage the interest of residents in local public affairs, as well as, their attendance I at meetings of local public bodies. I Encourage the responsible participation of residents at the meetings of local public bodies.

I Endeavor to cooperate through all possible means with surrounding local I governments, the county governments, and the state and federal govenunents, through joint planning and fmcing efforts. I I I I I I I I 8 I I 1 I POPULATION STUDY Introduction

I The heart of any community comprehensive plan should be a reflection of the people and I their future needs and goals. To determine needs an assessment of the population I composition must be analyzed. Such analysis is also necessary to project future population and the demand upon land use, Community facilities, housing, public services, transportation I and public infrastructure m general. This element will consider population trends: age, sex I and race composition; a special estimate of the present populatioq and, a projection of population to the year 2000.

I Population Trends I "Table I Population Change Wampum Borouh and Lawrence County" Depicts by comparison the changes in population from 1970 to 1990 in Wampum Borough

I and Lawrence County.

TABLE 1-1 I POPULATION CHANGE WAMPUM BOROUGH AND LAWRENCE COUNTY

I 1970 %Change 1980 %Change 1990 %Change Wampum Borough 1189(-28.4) 851 (-21.7) 666 Lawrence County 107374(-0.2) 107150 (-10.2) %246 I Source.: 1990 Cmsus, U.S. Bureau of Census I As shown on Table I, the Borough has had signifkant losses in population from 1970 to 1990 by percentage of less; and as compared to Lawrence County. Twenty-eight (28)

I percent from 1970 to 1980 and twenty-two (22) percent from 1980 to 1990. This compares 'I to losses in the County which were much smaller by percentage; less than one (0) percent I 9 1 1

I from 1970 to 1980 and ten (10)percent from 1980 to 1990. As will be discussed in the I Special Element of the present populatiun, it is believed that the 1990 population for Wampum Borough was understated. Discussions with the Lawrence County Plarming

I Department have also revealed their concern about eh accuracy of the 1990 census, by the I U.S. Bureau of Census. I Population Com~ositiun The population composition within the Borough of Wampum for 1990, according to I the U.S. Bureau of Census, is stated in Table II. Wampum Wrowh 1990 Populatian Profile. TABLE II-2 I WAMPUM BOROUGH 1990 POPULATION PROE'ILE

I Total Population 666 100% under 5 35 5.2 I 5-17 105 15.7 18-20 27 4.O 2 1-24 30 4.5 II 2544 171 25.6 45-54 78 11.7 55-59 30 4.5 I 60-64 48 7.2 65 and over 142 21.3

I Male 311 46.6 Female 355 53.3

I White 649 97.4 Black 16 2.4 I Indian Asian 1 I Hispanic Origm Source: 1WCPH-1-40 1990 Census of Population and Houshg I U.S. Department of Commerm, Economics and Sr~tistiosAdministration, Bureau of Census I 10 I I

I As shown on Table 11 the female population is slightly higher than the male I population; forty-seven (47) percent male to fifty-three(53) percent female. This compares to Lawrence County at fQ(53) female and the state at fQ-two (52) percent female; thus, a

I common occupance. I Of the total population only approximately three (2.6) percent are considered, by I federal def~tion,to be minorities. Table I1 contains the detailed breakout by minority types- I Table II yields some interesting data about age composition. While, the sixty-fie (65) I and over category represents a significant portion of the population, it is not a top heavy category at approximately twenty-one (2 1.3) percent. Additionally, the income generating I segment of the population ages twenty-five (25) to sixty-four (a),when totaled account for I approximately f@ (50) percent of the population which is considered as a moderate to healthy composition. The relatively low percentage of persons under five years of age is I indicative of the tia anal phenomenon of smaller family size. I Present PoDulation: 1994. "A Suecial Element" As previously stated, it is believed that the 1990 census figures, by the U.S. Bureau

I of Census, was understated. Through field and data research by the Consultant, it is I estimated that the actual number of residential units is closer to 340; than that as stated in the 1990 census (U.S. Bureau of Census), at 308. Of that total housing units the count of rental

I occupied units is estimated at thirty-five. Table 111 presents the current estimate of I population in Wampum Borough. I 11 I I

TABLE 1-3 I ESTIMATE OF CURRENT POPULATION I Units Vacancy Rate Units Occupied Pmsans/ Unit Persons OWner Occupied I Units 305 .3% 304 2.5 760 Rental occupied I Units 35 8.6% 32 2.1 67 TOTAL 340 1.2% 336 2.4 827

I In support of Table III, only one (1) single family unit was found, in the field, to be vacant. Table IV provides field documentation of vacant rental units. I TABLE 1-4 VACANT RENTAL OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS

I Units Occupied Vacant Percent Vacant Multi-family 27 24 3 12.5 Singlefamily 8 8 0 0 I TOTAL 35 32 3 8.6 I Populatian Projection The population projection to the year 2000 is based upon the "Special Population Estimate''

I and not that as presented in the 1990 Census; US. Bureau of Census. Cansideration was I also given to the population projection for Lawrence County. Table V presents the I population projection for Wampum Borough and Lawrence County with the construction of the proposed elderly housing project and a slight population loss. The population Projection I to the year 2000 in Wampum Borough is estimated at approximately 850 persons. With a I slight increase to the year 2015 projected at approximately 900 persons. I I 12 I I TABLE 1-5 I POPULATION PROJECTION 1995 2000 2015 I Wampum Borough 827 850 900

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13 I HOUSING INVENTORY AND PLAN Introduction I Housing has long been a nationwide planning concern and is, likewise, a local I planning concern. Adequate housing stock of suitable condition and mix, by type and cost, is not only a prerequisitun to meet existing demands but to accommodate growth. This

element will consider the data as presented by the U.S. Bureau of Census for 1990 and

incorporate the results of field data by the Consultant.

Census Data

The following presents a detailed profile, as prepared, using the U.S. Bureau of

Census reports for 1990.

TABLE I GENERAL HOUSING PROFILE WAMPUM BOROUGH 1990

TOTAL HOUSING UNITS

1 Unit detached/attached 264 2-4 units 34 5-9 units 7 10 or more Units 3

Homeowner Vacancy 1.5 Rental Vacancy (%) 18.7 Overall Vacancy (96) 10.0

Persons Per Owner-Occupied Unit 2 .SO Persons Per Rental-Occupied Unit 2.14 Persons Per Household 2.40

Owner-Occupied 230

Rental- Occupied 74

14 Median Housing Unit Value ($) 4 1,300 Median Rental Unit Value ($) 226 source: 1990-CPH-1-40 1990 Census of Population end Housing U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration Bureau of Census The general housing profile for Wampum Borough, Table I is taken from the 1990 Census of Pomlation and Housing. Summary Population and Housing Characteristics for

Pennsylvania. Publication 1990 CPH- 140. The total number of housing units within

Wampum Borough in 1990 was 308. The details of those units by unit type are shown on

the general housing profde. About eight-six (86), percent of all units are single-family

dwellings. Of these approximately seventy-seven (77)percent are owntr-occUpied. This I high percentage of owner-occupied homes typically is found in stable communities. I Multi-family units number 44 and are typically rentals. Of importance to note, from the profde? is the overall vacancy rate of ten (10)

I percent. Such a rate can be regarded as high. However, this high overall vacancy rate is I not supported by field survey. As previously discussed in the population element, there is adequate field survey

results to assume an under estimate by the Bureau. Therefore? the following is presented as I a detailed estimate of the number of household units. I

15 1 1 TABLE 11-2 ESTIMATE OF HOUSING UNITS I WAMPUM BOROUGH 1995 =- =- Amount I Single Family 305 Multi-Family 35 TOTAL 340 11 source.: Consultants Field Survey I Electrical Service Connections In review of the Table 11-1 and 11-2, the housing stack appears to be understated by

I the U.S. Bureau of Census by approximately ten percent (10%). (308 to 340 total units). I TABLE II-3 I ESTIMATE OF CURRENT HOUSING UNITS Units Vacancv Rate Units Occmied PersonsAJnit Persons Owner I Occupied 305 .3% 304 2.5 760 Rental OCCllpied 35 8.6% 32 2.1 67 I TOTAL 340 1.2% 336 2.4 827 I In support of Table 11-3 only one (1) single family unit was found, m the field , to be vacant. Table 11-4 provides filed documentation of vacant rental Units.

I TABLE II-4 1 VACANT RENTAL OCCUPIED HOUSING UNlTS Units Occupied Vacant Percent Vacant

Multi-family 27 24 3 12.5 I' Singlefamily 8 8 0 0 m TOTAL 35 32 3 8.6 In support of Table 11-4, only one (1) single family unit was found, in the field, to be

I vacant. Table 11-4 provides field documentation of vacant rental units. I 16 I As demonstrated, the overall average vacancy rate, as determined by field survey, is

1.3%. The overall vacancy rate is, somewhat, low in that it does not provide for a fair

number of units to meet market demand. A preferred overall vacancy rate would be in the

3% to 5% range. When a detailed analysis of the vacancy rate is made, one can find that the

availability of single-family units is only .3% in the Borough. This is an extremely low

vacancy rate and does not provide for the desired availability of homes for purchase.

Housing Conditions

During the preparation of the Comprehensive Plan, a windshield survey of all housing

units in the Wampum Borough area was undertaken. A map which shows the general

location of homes with deferred maintenance was prepared and will be used by the governing

body for rehabilitation programs. This category includes those homes which are in need of

some form of maintenance beyond the annual maintenance cycle The number of single

family housing units with deferred maintenance is moderate and accounts for approximately

sixteen (16) percent of the total housing stock.

Housinn Cost and Availability

The Pennsylvania Housing Fiance Agency (PHFA) determined through a 1988 study,

entitled “Pennsylvania Housing“ that Lawrence County provides affordable housing i opportunities, see Map and table. According to the PHFA, no more than twenty (20%)

percent, of the gross income can be used for housing cost in order for housing to be

considered affordable. Housing costs are impacted by a variety of factors, such as land

prices and other development costs. If the costs incurred by the developer are substantial,

17 then higher costs of purchase or rent are passed on to the consumer.

TABLE V AFFORDABILITY OF RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES IN 1988 BY COUNTY

Minimum Annual Income 1988 Needed to Purchase Average Sale Average Sale Price 1988 Price for Residential Property county Residenth 1 _ ___ - ______- _ - __ - ______- Median Income

county Properties 20% down lO%down ' . (Family of 3)

PP=PEPrE======S=P=1=E=B===EI==EEEPP= ADAMS $71,922 $26,096 $29,499 $29,063* Allegany 67,784 24,545 27,753 29,438 Armstrong 32,479 1 1,840 13,377 25,3 13 Beaver 49,249 17,622 19,953 16,188 Bedford 22,889 8,625 9,708 24,563 Berks &,2 16 23,208 26,247 31,313 Blair 44,135 15,859 17,948 24,563 Bradford 40,702 14,675 16,601 24,653 Bucks 140,662 50,20 1 56,858 31,188* .. . Butler 61,923 22,349 25,279 26,563 Cambria 28,196 10,364 11,698 23,938 Cameron 35,399 12,847 14,522 25,063 Carbon 7 1,020 25,758 29,119 29,875 Centre 78,846 28,69 1 32,422 28,063** Chester 144,786 51,579 58,43 1 3 1,188** Clarion 30,564 11,180 12,626 24,750 Clear field 26,2 11 9,679 10,920 25,000 Clinton' 42,139 15,171 17,165 24,563 I Columbia 47,62 1 17,060 19,3 14 24,625 Crawford 41,010 14,78 1 16,722 27,125 I '. hberland 84,155 30,680 34,663 30,625** !I Dauphin 71,2 17 25,832 29,202 30,625 Delware 108,790 39,554 44,703 31,188"" Elk 4 1,694 15,017 16,990 28,938 'I Erie 55,860 20,076 22,720 28,938 FayeUe 30,685 11,222 12,674 29,438 Forest 26,180 9,669 10,908 24,563 I Franklin 62,442 22,543 25,498 26,250 Fulton 39319 14,267 16,137 24 ;'S63 Greene 28,492 10,465 11,814 24,563 I Huntingdon 39,2 17 14,163 16,020 24,563 I 18 I I I Indiana 44,982 16,150 18,279 26,563 Jefferson 33,2 14 12,093 13,665 25,500 I Juniata 24,209 23 10,169 24,563 Lackawanna 76,176 27,690 3 1,296 24,625** Lancaster 78,676 28,627 32,450 29,250* I Lawrence 34,336 12,4 80 14 ,105 25,750 .. *-+ Lebanon 61,229 22,089 24,987 30,625 Lehigh 90,64 1 33,111 37,40 1 29,875** I Luzerne 49,269 17,628 19,960 24,625 L ycoming 50,446 28,048 20,435 25,3 13 McKean 27,683 10,187 1 1,496 26,188 I Mercer 35,580 12,875 14,554 26,188 Mifflin 36,745 13,3 11 15,050 24,563 Monroe 87,75 1 32,028 36,181 24,625** I Montgomery 139,102 49,680 56,263 3 1,188** Montour 58,914 21,221 24,009 25,3 13 Northamp ton 95,903 35,083 39,622 2 9,8 75 ** I N orthumberland 32,648 1 1,898 13,444 24,563 Perry 50,694 18,141 20,540 30,625 Philadelphia 46,838 16,791 19,007 28,938 I Pike 105,027 38,297 43,268 24,625** Potter 30,567 11,181 12,628 24,563 Schulykill 33,561 12,2 13 13,801 24.563 I Snyder 47,339 16,963 19,203 24,563 Somerset 40,67 1 14,664 16,589 23,938 Sullivan 26,783 9,876 11,144 24,563 I Susquehanna 44,548 16,001 18,109 24,563 Tioga 26,242 9,690 10,932 24,563 Union 66,957 24,235 27,404 24,563** I venango 3 1,767 11,595 13,098 25,500 WalTell 43,14 1 15,s 16 17,556 28,938 Washington 63,497 22,938 25,944 29,438 1 Wayne 86,022 3 1,300 35,451 24,563"" Westmor eland 54,822 19,688 22,282 29,438 I Wyoming 52,589 18,851 2 1,340 24,625 York 73,622 26,733 30,2 17 29,063* I "Less affordable, median income family of three cannot afford average sales. **Least affordable, median income family of three cannot afford average sales price home ,I with either ten or twenty percent down, based on 28% of gross income. i SOUrCeS: State tax Equalization Board (average sales price). Federal Home Loan Bank (interest rates); National Association of Home Builders (property taxes and insurance costs); U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development :(median family incomes). Household Proiections

A housing plan cannot concentrate on the existing housing stock alone. Housmg is a

dynamic arena, and new homes will be needed. Traditionally, there are three sources which

drive the demand for new homes. One is to serve as replacement units for homes which are

taken out of the housing stock due to abandonment, fire, or similar reasons. In

contemporary times, a second reason has been the much discussed decrease m household I size, where a given population's need for housing will increase as the average number of people in each household decreases. Finally, any increase in population will also result in an I increased demand for housing. I One element of this equation is to estimate the need for replacement housing. Housing attrition, the loss of homes through abandonment, conversion to other uses, fire or

I natural calamity is difficult to ascertain. Various regional and national statistics suggest an I annual average attrition loss of .75 percent to one (1) percent of the housing stock. That number appears to be reasonable for Wampum Borough. Unfortunately, census figures are

I just not reliable enough to use for such fine-grain calculations. Furthermore, due to the

nature of local record keeping, a precise figure cannot be garnered in that fashion. We can

state that, based upon the housing survey, very few units are in a dilapidated state. Over a

1 five year period, this number is set only one to two, a very small count which will only have I a minor impact on housing needs. The annual attrition rate is set between at .4 units or .I% I of the total housing stock. In order to estimate future housing needs, some type of household projection is I needed. Generally, this projection is a function of population and average household size. -* I 20 I The result of that figure should present an accurate estimate of those "expected to reside"

persons in Wampum Borough. Based upon available demographic studies, a trend of

decreased household size in Wampum Borough is expected to remain at approximately 2.4

persons per household.

The Borough-wide income survey performed by the Borough records 60%

low/moderate income persons in Wampum Borough. The census further records 2.5%

minority persons. These rates have been applied to Uie household projection to estimate

expected to reside projections.

TABLE VI HOUSEHOLD PROJECI'ION 10-20 EARS

Population Household Size Households Total Household 800 2.4 375 Total adjusted for .1% annual attrition 383. .. Low/moderate income households expected to reside 230 Minority households expected to reside 10

It is estimated that the number ofhouseliolds will increase to 375 in teri to twenty

years. The resulting household projection of 375 was Uien adjusted by the . 1 % annual

attrition rate, thus 375 projected households within ten to twenty years of 375 plus eight

replacement households (total 383). This is based upon an average household size of 2.4. 'I Reducing Barriers to Affordable Housing 'I The Borough is in the process of encouraging new elderly housing construction. Such an effort is in consideration to reducing barriers to affordable housing, by providhg housing

1 for the elderly and freeing up affordable housing. B Historical Inventory while there are numerous older hornes most predating the 1050's in Wampum

I 21 B - I ‘I Borough, many have been altered or renovated or simply demonstrate little significant I historical architectural value. Residential units, however, which should be inventoried include: I“1. 345 Main Street 436 Beaver Street Kay Street I Main Street 913 Clyde Street Darlington Street The State Historic Preservation Office has a procedure for obtaining federal registry

I and policies for alterations when using state or federal funds. These will be discussed in the I historical preservation section of this document. Wam~umand the Pennsylvania CHAS

I The Pennsylvania Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy as programmed by I the Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs contains a recommendation for I Northwest Pennsylvania. This recommendation has been considered in the housing recommendations section of this plan. I Recornrnenda tions I This plan recommends three specific actions which should be undertaken to insure a future housing stock with appropriate mix by type and cost to accommodate the existing and I projected population in Wampum Borough. 1. Support the Lawrence County Housing Rehabilitation Program and I consider the establishment of a Wampum Borough Housing Rehabilitation Program .

I 2. Encourage and assist in the construction of elderly housing units. I 3. Consider the establishment of a first time homebuyer program. 4. Support a program which provides a continuum of perinanent housing I including both homeowner and rental.

22 I

I PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY II General This section assesses the geographic characteristics of the Wampum region to

determine the favorable aspects of the Borough's location, topography, geology, water

resources, and climate. It will be seen that the Borough's chief asset is its location and its I mam physical drawback is the difficult terrain found m the area. Located in western Pennsylvania thirty-five miles fiam Pittsburgh and twenty-five I miles southeast of Youngstown along the Beaver River lies the Borough of Wampum. I With its close proximity to the Pennsylvania Turnpike, Wampum is along the major east-wet trucking route for the northeastern portion of the United States.

I The terrain varies in elevation from 750 feet along the Beaver River to a maximum of I 1,250 feet. The Beaver River follow gorges which are generally about 100 feet in depth. These are deep wooded gores and provide attractive settings for the communi^. The river

'I affords good drainage and leave the area almost free of a lowland flood plain. I Location Wampum is situated in Western Pennsylvania on the Beaver River. It lies in

I Lawrence County and is thirty-five miles northwest of Pittsburgh and twenty-five miles I southeast of Youngstown. I Wampum occupies a strategic position between Pittsburgh and Hermitage along the Pennsylvania Turnpike Extension Route 60. Manufacturers in Wampm can draw upon the I vast resources of this region and can deliver their finished goods overnight to the major I 23 I centers of central and eastern United States.

Wampum is four miles distance from the Beaver Valley Interchange of the

Pennsylvania Turnpike and the Turnpike Extension which, links other state Turnpikes and

I Interstate Highways such as 1-80, a major east-west trucking route for northeastern United

States. These geographic relationships afford a bright outlook for the future economic

vitality and continued industrial development in the Wampum area.

ToDo graDhv

The terrain within the Wampum area is generally hilly and engenders problems in I expansion and traffic circulation. The terrain varies in elevation from seven hundred f@ feet along the Beaver River to

a maximum of 1,250 feet. Only about one-fourth of the area is reasonably level, having a

slope of less than eight percent. This moderately sloping land can readily accommodate most

urban uses. Generally lying above and near the rivers and creeks, much of this land

provides excellent industrial sites which do not flood, have an abundant water supply and are

close to rail facilities.

About one-fourth of the area contains topography with slopes of twenty-five percent

or more. Obviously such land is not suitable for urban development. Only a scattering of

residential buildings have been built on such land and, thus, very low urban densities should

be anticipated in areas of steep topography. In fact, it is highly desirable that urban

development be discouraged in such areas.

Slopes in approximately one-half of the area range between eight and twenty-five

percent. Land with topographical gradients of eight to sixteen percent can be attractively

24 1

I developed with residential patterns of reasonable densities, densities which can be I economically served with water and sanitary sewer services. Areas with slopes ranging from sixteen to twenty-five percent can be utilized for residential development with larger lots and

I correspondingly lower densities. I The Beaver River follows gorges which are generally about one hundred feet in I depth. These deep, wooded gorges provide remarkably attractive settings for the Community. The river and its tributary ditches afford good drainage and leave the area almost free of a I lowland flood plain. I The principal liabilities of the topography are: 1. The hills and rivers break up the areas which can be developed causing I the extension of sewer, water and other utilities to be difficult and expensive. 2. The rivers and steep grades create impediments to traffic circulation.

I However, these drawbacks can be overcome by the joint action of the several local I governments involved. The steep hills and ravines which cannot be developed will, nevertheless, be of benefit as a scenic background for the community.

I Geoloq I The Wampum area lies in a bituminous coal basin of Pennsylvania which is characterized by rocks of the Paleozoic series. The area, generally undistributed by glaciers,

I is formed of varying layers of shale and limestone. I A three foot vein of coal can be found on the highest hills , about thirty feet above I the main layer of limestone. Some of this coal has been removed by strip mining, a process which has left a number of unsightly scars in the vicinity of Wampum. Fortunately, state I laws now provide for the future restoration of the land destroyed by new strip mines. A hi@ I 25 I quality of fire clay is to be found in the area in addition to the limestone and coal. The I geology of the area, on the whole, is an asset to the future development of the community. Climate

I The climate of Wampum Borough may be described as temperate continental with hot 1 summers and cold winters. In spring and fall the weather is influenced by the frmk belt I which separates moist, warm maritime air from dry, cold polar air. Killing frost may be expected from October 20 to April 1. The average length of the growing seasons is one I hundred eighty days. The temperature varies from a January average of 30 degrees I fahenheit to a July average of about 73 degrees. The average annual rainfall varies from thirty-five to forty inches with a light majority of the precipitation occurring during the

I growing season, April to October. I Flood Plains and Wetlands The flood plain areas of Wampum Borough, generally, follow the riverine system.

I Flood plain maps as prepared by the U.S. Corps of hgheers were used to develop the I proposed land use scheme for Wampum Borough. The majority of the soil groups m Wampum Borough are considered as hydric soils or soils with hydric mclusions. Hydric

I soils are wet soils and are considered in delineating wetlands. The attached map depicts the I hydric soils and soil with hydric inclusions for Wampum Borough. SUmmq

I Wampum Borough occupies a central position in the major manufacturmg and I marketing belt of the region. It has good highway facilities for the shipping and receiving of I goods which will be further improved in the near future. Its locations, abundant water I 26 I

I

l supply, natural resources and moderate climate afford a bright outlook for the future growth I of the area. The generally hilly terrain of the area forces a dispersed pattern for future development with special problems regarding the extension of utilities and local streets.

I These problems are at least partially offset by the natural beauty of the area. I I I I I I I I I I I I I

I 27 I LAND USE STUDY

I Land Use

The importance of land use is of central concern. Similar to the topic of housing,

there is no substitute for painstaking detailed work. Consequently, simultaneous with the

housing field work, the land use inventory by the following categories was undertaken:

1. Residential 2. Commercial 3. Industrial 4. Institutional/Public/Recreational 5. Vacant and Agricultural

I The information gathered in this phase will form the base for established the Proposed

Land Use Plan. Special situations such as the presence of areas of historic significance or

places of potential land use conflicts will be considered.

Approximately fif€y percent (50%)of the Borough contains vacant land much of

which is not suitable for development or at least difficult to develop, intensively, due to the

topographic constraints Of the remaining fifty percent (SO%), the Borough is developed

I primarily by residential development with a small two block area of mixed residential and

commercial along main street and same interdispersed commercial and public uses. I Industrial use accounts for approximately thirty-five (35%) percent of this remaining area. The existing land use of Wampum Borough has not significantly changed since the

preparation of the last Comprehensive Plan (1968).

28 Historic Sianificance

Residential buildings of historic significance were previously discussed in the housing

inventory. Nan-residential lands and buildings of historical signrficance, include:

Remains of the old railroad station

331 Main Street

328 Main Street

The building at 331 Main Street, (location of the present I.O.O.F. Hall), in history,

housed a stage and hosted dances and plays. I The building at 328 Main Street is typical example of early cornrnerchl development in Wampum Borough. This building, in history, housed sales for clothing and appliances,

I as well as a soda fountain. I I I I I

29

COMMUNITY FACILITIES AND UTILITIES INVENTORY AND PLAN

A proper inventory of community utilities and facilities will allow a community to truly determine its current and future needs and assets; to examine these,various methods, inchding on-site interview, annual reports, and available studies were used.

Public Water

Wampum Borough supplies water to customers within the Borough from a well field within its boundaries. Two wells are used. Water is chlorinated. There is a 750,000 gallon reservoir. Service is to the entire Borough, 1980 population 85 1.

Capacity

In 1988, the system pumped 30,226,000 gallons of water. The average was 82,920 GPD, the maximum daily pumpage was 110,OOO GPD, and the minimum was 57,000 GPD .

Source

Wampum Borough uses groundwater for its source. Well # 5, at a depth of 135' is rated at 40,985 GPD. Well ## 6 at a depth of 185" is rated at 194,400 GPD.

Storage

Wampum Borough has a 750,000 gallon reservoir.

Service

According to recent reports, the following represents the Wampum Borough service characteristics:

WATER USAGE TABLE VI

Twe of User HOOhlpS Average Use (md)

30 1

I Domestic 298 44,382 cornmercial 23 3,%3 Industrial 3 307 I Institutional 4 200 Other 2 6,808 I unaccounted (leaks, etc) -0 27.260 I TOTAL 330 82,920 The following is a list of recent improvements to the public water system. I 1986 Main Street Improvement Total Cost $lOO,ooO 1987 Clyde and Water Street Total Cost 32 ,OOO 1988 Route 18 to Darlington Total Cost 30,775 I 1989 Kaystreet Total Cost 2 1,930 1990 Darlingtan Total Cost 62331 I Rates and Compliance

I There are no compliance issues at this time, however, since the rate structure is so low future improvements could be financed through a rate increase. The current rate I structure is $13.00 per loo0 cu. ft. with a $7.00 minimum for 0-500 cu. ft. Sanitary Sewage

I The Borough of Wampum maintains a sewage collection and treatment facility which I was originally constructed in 1938 and subsequently updated in 1974. It provides treatment to the Borough residents currently estimated at just under eight hundred persons. It treats

I about 100,OOO gallons daily of which approximately 25,000 gallons daily is from Wayne I Township. I Capacity The plant can handle up to .21 MGD. I Rates and Compliance I The system is operating within the requirements of the N.P.D.E.S. permits. The I 31 I chapter 94 report for 1993 reports no items of non-compliance. The rates are very low at

$25/quarter for residential and $3 1.50lquarter for commercial.

comments

The Borough of Wampum indicates it proposes no major upgrading or expansion

of its collection or treatment system. Within the Borough, however, small sewer

extensions may be to New Beaver Borough, in the future.

On-Lot Sewage

Those portions of the Borough which are not served by public sewers are served

by on-lot sewage disposal. As presented in the environment study, much of the

soil in Wampum Borough is of a hydric nature which is not, generally, conducive

to support on-lot sewage disposal. However, soil probes must be performed in

order to determine soil suitability and system typed. While the installation of

elevated seepage beds may be possible, it would appear, from soil survey analysis,

that, the installation of new on-lot system will probably be of the elevation sand

mound design. There are presently 10-15 on-lot systems in the Borough along Park

Drive and Darlington Road. Wethere are undoubtedly some malfunctions, there I have been no formal complaints. I Electric Service Electric distribution is provided by Wampum Borough. The Borough serves I approximately 320 customers. Current plans propose the systemic rewiring of the distribution system. Electric service is generally available qan demand

32 and extension furancing. The most pressing problem is the rewire the distribution I circuit which serve Beaver Street area near the post office. I Private Utilities Telephone, natural gas and television cable are provided by private companies

under state regulations. Improvements or extensions are provided as feasibility

permits. Telephone service is provided by Bell Atlantic, natural

gas is provided by Columbia Gas and television cable is provided by

Armstrong Group of Companies.

Post Office

Wampum Borough has a post office with 460 boxes and Rural Route #1 deliveries at

471 and Rural Route # 2 deliveries at 596 for a total of 1067 deliveries. The post office is I located on Church Street adjacent to the commercial area. Service is adequate with the maintenance of service from this facility planned for the future.

I Recreation Facilities I In 1942 the Wampum Gymnasium was built and is used by approximately four I hundred individuals per week. The central focus of the building is basketball, volleyball, and I the various civic organizations use the building for entertainment and money making projects. II As a non-profit facility all revenue collected is place back into the building for utilities and I maintenance. With bleacher seating capacity of approximately two hundred, there is a stage, kitchen, and ofice. The area also has a grass play area and a gazebo. Within the grass area 1 are two swings, and two climbing poles. I There is a seven member board responsible for the maintenance of the gym and does I 33 I

I so by renting the gym for two hour time slots. Most of this is done by girls basketball I games, volleyball groups and Special Olympics. Within Wampum Borough the following recreation activities also occur. There is a

I shelter area for rent with handicapped person bench and charcoal grills. There are both I softball and baseball leagues. This are includes dugouts, bleachers. I The Wampum area also has a Wampum Area Business Association which host such events as: an area wide yard sale, Christmas parade float, Route 288 litter clean-up, gazebo I concerts, and Christmas decorating contest. This association has a nine member board. I Library Facilities Founded in 1983 by the Wampum Junior Womm Club by a book donation drive.

I This library contains over 4,500 boob. The library is staffed by volunteers and is open ~I eight hours a week. This is truly an all volunteer library, with fe paid members, funds generated are from donations and memorials.

I In the spring and fall there is a pre-school sMy hour for six week. Also, this all !I volunteer library offers sumtner reading programs with prizes awarded for all who participate.

I The needs of this library include a table for story books, flannel boards for story I hour, carousel shelves and a recent set of encyclopedias. I Fire Department The Borough of Wampum has an all volunteer fire department. This all volunteer fire I department has three pumpers. The present bdding which houses the fire department is I inadequate and plans for a new facility should be considered. I 34 I ‘I Borou& Buildins; I Within the Borough of Wampum municipal building are the council chambers, police I office, historical society and library. The building is adequate to meet anticipated needs.

I Health Care Facilities I The Jameson Laurel Community Health Center is a new permanent part of Wampum Borough. This health care facility presently holds a family practioner, with plans on adding I additional doctors. The facility will greatly enhance the preventive care program in I Wampum Borough and Southern Lawrence County

I Public Schools I The Ellwood Area School District serves the Wampum Borough area. The total school enrollment is 24% students. The Wampum area students attend the North Side school

I building. Two of the elementary schools are un&r renovation due to age of the buidling and I one is due to enrollment. I I I 11 I I 35 I

The initial step in the development of an integrated highway system is the classification of

the function or level of service the streets serve. The development of a functional

classification system provides for the logical coordination of the Wampum Borough area

highway network.

FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF HIGHWAYS AND LAND USE

CHARACTERISTICS

LIMITED ACCESS SYSTEMS

Limited or controlled access highways such as interstates designed bo carry large volumes of high speed traffic between I distant points (large cities or major urban areas) without disturbing local traffic flow. ARTERIAL SYSTEMS I 'Ibis system is comprised of major and minor streets and highways within the County highway system whose primary function is to move traffic &om one area to another with a minimum of interruption until I the desired colledor or local street, or destination point is reached. Traffic characteristics are high volumes of vehicles for medium to long distances and usually at medium speeds. I PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL Provides quick and effiaent mavement between major communities within the County or adjacent counties. These highways also provide I direct access to major traffic generators or areas which generate a high volume of traffic sdas shopping centers, large industries or recreation areas. I MINOR ARTERIAL Serve the same function, but to a lesser degree by providing alternate routes of travel and serving as major collector roads for larger rural I areas. COLLECTOR SYSTEM 1 This system is responsible for collecting and distributing vehicles between local streets and/or minor traffic generators and the thoroughfare system. Traffio is usually medium volume at low to I medium speeds and for usually short distances.

37 TOWNSHIP

MAP OF WAMPUM BOROUGH

SCALE: f'=400'

FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIGHWAYS

~~ 1

I LOCAL STREET SYSTEM These streets and mads carry local traffic and provide access to various land parcels, i.e., residential lots, farms, businesses, industries, etc. I Traffic consists of low volumes of vehicles travelling at lot speeds for short distances. I I

I Area Problems and Plans

As discussed in the Ellwood City area transportation plan, the Ellwood City area straddles I the county boundaries of the Lawrence and Beaver Counties in Western Pennsylvania, with a service area population of approximately 30,000. Lawrence Counm Beaver Countv I Perry Township FranklinTownship Wayne Township North Sewickley Township

I Ellport Borough Big Beaver Borough Ellwood City Borough Koppel Borough New Beaver Borough Wampum Borou@

The Ellwood City area which includes Wampum Borough lies somewhat geographically in I the center of four major interstate in intrastate highway facilities. These facilities include interstate 80 which is an east-west route located north of the Borough of Wampum.

Interstate 79 which is a north-south route east of the Borough of Ellwood City, the

Pennsylvania Turnpile located south of the Borough of Wampum and Pennsylvania Route

60, which is an extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike running north and south and located

west of the Borough of Wampum. Interstate 80 can be reached within approximately twenty

minutes. Connection to Interstate 79 is gained by traveling Route 288 through Ellwood City

to Portersville and 1-79 for points north or Route 488 to Zelienople and Interstate 79 to

38 I By automobile Pennsylvania Route 60 can be reached by traveling from the Borough of Wampum on Route 18 following north to the Route 60 Interchange at 168 or by traveling

I Route 18 to Route 35 1 and to the Route 60 interchange. I The Pennsylvania Turnpike can be reached by automobite by following Route 18 south to the I Pennsylvania Interchange. I DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE I ELLWOOD ClTY ARE OF INFLUENCE I MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION TO WORK TOWNSHIPS Total Civilian %UsingCars, %Car %Public Popu- Labor Trucks,Vans Pooling Trans. I lation Force Franklin 3,821 1,690 90.9 10.5 I North Sewickley 6,172 2,933 93.9 11.8 Peny 1.841 821 92.3 13.7 .1 I Wayne 2.785 1.218 94.7 16.0 I BOROUGHS Big Beaver 2,304 953 92.2 7.0 1.7 Ellport 1,243 521 92.7 11.4 I Ellwood City Beaver Co . 861 340 87.9 19.9 1.4 Ellwood City I Lawrence Co. 8,044 3.305 91.6 15.5 .2 KOPPl 1,033 391 92.1 9.0 I New Beaver 1.755 754 91.4 10.2 Wampum 800 251 83.0 9.2 I I 39 I MAJOR HIGHWAYS 1

TABLE VIII I ACCESS PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS

I Project Proiect TvDe Lena of Locaticm Improvement I 1 Truck Lane .8 mile Rt.288 2 Truck Lane .5 mile Rt. 288

I 3 Truck Lane .5 mile Rt. 288 I 4 Truck Lane .4 mile Rt. 288 I 5 Radius Improvement .3 mile Rt. 288 6 Truck Lane .3 mile Rt. 288

I 7 Radius improvement .3 mile Rt. 288 I 8 Widen Shoulders, Resurface 1.0 mile Rt. 488 9 Truck Lane .3 mile Rt. 488

I 10 Truck Lane .5 mile Rt. 488 I 11 Radius Improvement .2 mile Rt. 488 12 Truck Lane .9 mile RL 488 I 13 Truck Lane .7 mile Rt. 65 I 14 Radius Improvement .1 mile Rt. 65 15 Radius Improvement .1 mile Rt. 65

I 16 Radius Improvement .1 mile Rt. 65 I 17 Radius Improvement .1 mile Rt. 65 18 Signage (Ellwood City) a Via Wampum, no trucks Rt. 60 at 1 40 I I

6 Moravia int. S.B. Lane ,I 19 Signage (Ellwood City) Via Wampum, no trucks Rt. 18 at Wampum S.B. Lane

Park and Ride Lot Wampum Borough

41 I I I

I LAWRENCE COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION 1992-2004 TWELVE YEAR "WAY AND BRIDGE PROGRAM I (Wampum Related)

I Bridge replacement West of Wampum on TR 305 I over Davidson Run. Bridge rehabilitation I On Main Street over Eckles Run I Bridge rehabilitation Route 288 over railroad I in Wayne Township I I I I I I I I I 42 I 1

I Listing and include the priority projects in the Capital Improvements Program. This program I should also inchde a schedule for handicapped ramp placement. Maintenance and immovements of local street svstems on an as-needed basis I Establish a Park and Ride Lot I The Permsyhmi.a Department of Transportation, with federal funds, can provide park and ride lots to encourage car pooling. The location of a park and ride lot should be I considered. This could also increase traffic and retail demand in Wampum Borough. I I I I I I I I I I I I 44 I 1 I 1 PROGRAMS FOR IMPLEMENTATION SAM

I The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation initiated the Safety and Mobility I Initiative stage, for projects to improve safety and air quality, and to reduce congestion. The emphasis for the program is to move people and goods both safely and effectively, and to

I contribute to the improvement of air quality in classified areas of a zone and carbon I monoxide nonattaimnent. The focus of SAMI is specifically on transportation control 1 measures which enhance air quality as well as reduce congestion in the classified nonattainment areas. Lawrence and Beaver Counties are unclassified nonattainment areas. I Currently, each Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) works toward achieving goals for I air quality within the context of its Technical Committee. At a minimum the following improvement should be considered for SAMI projects: I 1. Park and Ride Lots

a. On specified arterial in the urbanized area where park and ride 1 facilities would be cost effective and beneficial.

b. The locations should be arranged in priority groups (high, medium, I and low) considering convenient access, safety, utility, cost, increased transit ridership, and the availability of land, Zoning I problems, and community acceptance. 2. Initiatives to Increase Public Transportation Ridership

I Typical improvements to cansider include improvement to loading and unloading areas which increase efficiency, system improvements such as I signing and/or preferential; signal phasing, park-and-ride facilities in strategic areas which can serve as intercept points for new or existing express bus or rail service, enhancements to fringe parking facilities which I increase transit ridership. I 45 1 1

1 3. CarIvan Pool Programs

Enhancements which have a strong potential to increase formation of I car/van pool giving emphasis to major employers and TMA's. I 4. Isolated Areas of Congestion Related to Major Employment/Activity Sites a. Strategies to increase vehicle occupancy by car/van pools or improved I bus services. b. Strategies to flatten the peak period by introducing adjustments to the I work shift times. c. Strategies to improve traffic flow patterns and/or traffic control I enhancements on existing roadways. d. Strategies to formulate an initiative to work with industries and I business to reduce vehicle trips using telecommuting and teleconferencing techniques.

I 5. Parking Management I a. Opportunities to increase vehicle occupancy. b. Incentives to increase vehicle occupancy such as preferential parking, I parking charges, and parking restriction. 6. Marketing and Promotion

I Public information and education (PI=) strategies should consider the long term impact of vehicle emissions on health, the impact of fuel cansumption as it contributes to the national debt, opportunities to reduce vehicle trips by I linking trips, performing tasks by cornmunications, carpooling and/or transit, bicycling and walking.

I 7. Bicycle and Pedestrian Promotion

Projects to replace some vehicle trips with walking and bicycling should I consider physical and promotional improvements to initiate increased usage I should be considered. 8. Restrictions I Traffic reduction ordinances and other vehicle use limitations restrictions in I 46 1 I

I specific congestion areas.

9. Incident Management I Project for incident management strategies on selected rotates in order to reduce vehicle congestion and emissions due to road blockage or closure.

I ISTEA

I The Intermodal Surface Efficiency Act, signed by President Bush in December 1991, is a I five year, $155 billion package designed to address every mode of surface transportation I except rail and water. Generally known as "iced tea" for it initials, ISTEA, the new law designates money for a variety of traditional spending categories including bridges, interstate I highways, public transit and demonstration projects. But is a sharp break with past I practice, the new law also gives states and metropolitan regions considerable latitude b shifl money from one category to another in order to meet local needs and achieve specific a national objectives. These include improved mobility, reduced pollution, relief of traffic I congestion, and enhanced transportation aesthetics. Unlike earlier federal transportation acts, which were heavily oriented toward promoting new

I highway construction, ISTEA emphasizes repairing and increasing the efficiency of the I country's existing transportation system. Wherever air quality is substandard, it tends to discourage the use of federal money for building new roads or for adding new travel lanes

I to existing roads except for hig.boccupancy vehicles. I The new law recognizes that every part of the country has its own distinctive mix of I problems and opportunities. Accordingly, it mandated a planning process that allows each region to set its own spending priorities. Metropolitan Planning Organizations, which I operate in every urbanized area of the United States have been designated to play a key role I 47 I

I in that planning process. State departments of transportation, which had previously led I transportation development efforts within their borders, are now required to integrate the

~ plans from their various regions into a comprehensive statewide plan for the U.S.

~I Department of Transportation's ultimate approval. I I I I I I I I I I I I PROPOSED LAND USE

The proposed land use plan is herein presented. In the preparation of the Land Use

Plan, a land use synthesis was performed. The synthesis considered existing features such as soils, flood plains, wetlands, topography, existing land use, utilities and vehicular access.

The concentration of busmess activities and providing likely development space for industrhl/ecanomic development as well as, adequate space for future residential development.

Residential Low Density

The purpose of this land use category is to provide a single family land use area without encroachment of other residential land uses. Generally, in this type of land use category, lot sizes are larger with more restrictive setbacks and accessory uses.

Residential Mixed Uses

The purpose of this land use category is to provide a residential area for single family and multi-family development. "he uniqueness of this category is the automatic provision for conversions of large single family units into multi-family units.

Mixed Develomnent

The purpose of this land use category is to provide an area for residential and commercial use on smaller lots. Thus, a certain level of mixed compatible uses are allowed.

These uses may include residential, professional services, offices, retail and downtown commercial.

Inctustrial

The purpose of this land use category is to provide for industrial uses, such category

49 1

I should consider hc€ustrial park concepts which are favored by the newer diversified high tech I industries of the nineties. I Conservatian The purpose of this land use category is to maintain green space in those areas which I development should be restricted due to flood plain, wetlands, topography, geology or other I enviromnmtally sensitive areas. Suitable land use development could consist of both public and private recreation. I I I I I I I I I I I I I

1 I I CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PLAN

I Immovements Schedule I Without a capital improvements plan, most community facilities plans are not properly I implemented, particularly, in light of everyday demands upon basic services and equipment. The Capital Improvements Plan is based upon equipment and services demand and I Community facilities and will attempt to prioritize activities over the life of the I comprehensive plan. The plan, further, provides for a proposed funding scheme. The capital items include only those as determmed to be needs as defmd in the comprehensive I plan study elements. TABLE N I SCHEDULE OF IMPROVEMENTS AND FUNDING SOURCES TABLE I Priority Activity FUKUbg Downtown Infrastructure 0-5 years CDBG Downtown Facades 0-5 years H&D I Fire Hall 0-5 CF Loan Electric Distribution 0-10 years CF Loan Water & Sewer Extensions 5-15 years Penn vest I public Safety Equipment Replacement 0-20 years Annual Budget public Works Equipment I Replacement 0-20 years Annual Budget Fire Truck 0-5 years CF Loan I Sewage Plant Improvement 5-20 years Penn vest Funding Source: 1 A. Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Community Affairs I B. Housing and Community Development Program (H&D) I 51 I 1

I Administered by the Pennsylvania Departmat of Community Affairs I C. Community Facilities Loan Program (CFLoan) I Administered by the Federal Farmers Home Administration. D. Penn Vest Program Administer by the Pennsylvania Department of I Environmental Protection I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I 52 I II DOWNTOWN REVITALIZATION PLAN I Inventory The central business district land uses are inventoried on the existing land use map I with building conditions inventoried as an adjunct to the housing conditions map. Reference I is ma& to these documents. Building use and condition was considered in the development of the downtown revitalization plan. I P~OROS~~Central Busmess District Improvement Concepts I One of the most important aspects of implementing a downtown revitalization program is a coordination of all public and private groups involved, positive programs to

I improve negative attitudes, downtown public and private improvements, and attractive I promotional activities. Some of these agreed upon principals are as follows:

I a. For a downtown shopping area to stay alive and vital, there must be an organized, concerted effort to increase consumer traffic.

I b. Group promotional activities and rehabilitation projects often help. When shoppers see improvements being made and the downtown become a I vibrant and exciting place, they naturally plan shopping excursions there. C. Once consumers are attracted to the downtown area, it is the merchants' I task to entice them into the store with mteresting and tasteful window displays and attractive promotional activities. I Some ideas to help downtown merchants increase consumer traffic in their shopphg I districts without spending a great deal of time or money: a. Print a shopping guide for your business district, possibly on shopping bags I or placemats, so consumers know exactly what is available. I 53 I I

I b. Hold a sidewalk sale with a theme, such as "Old Fashioned Bargain Days", ,I with hats, armbands and balloons. C. Stage a window painting contest for school children with a holiday theme. Give out prizes donated by local merchants, proud parents will flock to I see the artwork. d. Have a local downtown celebration, picking up on the community's ethnic I heritage, the season of the year or some other theme. Include local talent such as musicians, mimes, jugglers or children's theater. I e. Chip in to purchase or make colorful banners to liven up and call attention to your shopping area. I f. Coordinate newspaper advertising for your whole shopping district. The impact of one large ad is much greater than the impact of many small ones.

I 8- Use discount coupons frequently to entice customers into your store.

h. Design and sell local tee shirts for your town. Use the profits for other I downtown promotional activities.

i. Organize a small farmer's market downtown. Give local farmers a chance to I sell their products and bring more people downtown at the same time.

j. Liven up your storefront with a new coat of paint or a thoroughly cleaning. I Emphasize its unique architectural features.

k. Give your store front a new look with a tasteful sign that blends well with I the architectural design and color scheme of the building.

1. Use trees and flowers to add color and interest to your downtown streets and I make sure they are well maintained. I m. Pitch in with other merchants to hire someone to do general maintenance, such as washing windows, sweeping the sidewalks, and caring for plants. I n. Improve window displays by creative use of color and texture to entice customers into the store. Consider swapping merchandise with other retailers I for added interest. 0. Use photographs and paintings by local artists to add appeal to your window I and interior decor, as well as, to spark community spirit. I 54 I p. Improve parking facilities m or near the downtown shopping district.

q. Coordinate store hours with other downtown merchants to allow people to shop when it is most convenient for them.

r. Make sure your streets in the shoppmg district are well lighted to encourage evening shopping.

s. Use local college students and citizens groups whenever possible. Fund I raising drives and clean up campaigns work well.

t. Talk to the Small Business Administration and other organizations to find out 1 what services and information are available. I Revitalization Strategy I The revitalization strategy is recommending several important elements which are all tied to the overall revitalization and needs of the Wampum Borough residents. In general, 'I the plan calls for the rigorous implementation of housing, health care and infrastructure improvements, as well as, retail areas and economic revitalization.

The Borough has delineated an area of the Borough which is under Borough

ownership, for first time hamebuyer assistance. The Borough will be applying under the

HOME Program for assistance to implement this part of the strategy.

The Borough has determined a need for primary health care. During the preparation

of the previously mentioned plan, meetings were held with the Jameson Memorial Hospital,

located in New Castle, Pennsylvania, has purchased a buildbg in Wampum and is in the

process of renovation in anticipation for opening the facility in April 1995.

The Borough has determined a need for senior housing in Wampum Borough. Such

housing will not only provide for safe and decent housing for the elderly, but also free up

housing which is suitable for young families entering the housing market. A proposed senior

55 I

I housing site has been selected which involves three parcels of property m close proximity to I the new health care facility and the retail area of the Borough. The proposed project for which assistance is requested involves and acquisition and demolition of buildings to be sold

1 for the provision of senior housing. The Borough has negotiated with both the developer and I sponsor for the Borough has negotiated with both the developer and sponsor for the proposed senior housing. In the attachments section of the CDBG application are letters of interest for

I the sale of property, preliminary appraisals, a list of senior citizens which are I interested in senior housing in Wampum Borough, a letter of interest by their sponsor. I The Borough has determined that infrastructure improvements will be necessary to support safe and handicapped accessible access between the senior housing area, the health ~I care facility and the retail area of the Borough. It is proposed that the funds received upon 'I sale of the acquired property and portions of the grant request will be used to begin a phased approach, to address the infrastructure improvements which consist primarily of sidewalk I improvements, handicapped accessibility improvements, street lighting and appropriate street I furniture. In support of the revitalization strategy it has been determined that the following retail

I services should be local in the Borough of Wampum retail area: I a. Pharmacy and health aides b. Variety items

I Other retail services to support the area include: I a. Convenience store I b. Bed and Breakfast 1 56 I I I C. Lawn and Garden I The above list was prepared with consideration given to the shoppers' survey which was completed for the Wampum residents in 1991. The survey is contained m the exhibits

,I section of this docwnent.

I Short Rangi:e Plan Elements I It is proposed that a number of activities be undertaken in the downtown area in order to provide for a successful revitalization effort. The first phase should be a short term 1 activity which can show ckar visual results in a short period of time. Such activities could I iacbde clean-up, fix-up efforts, initial landscaping in the "core area". However, these improvements should be seen as steps and not as final products. This implementation will

require close coordination between the private and public sector, including the merchants, I merchant groups, land owners, developers, civic organizations and the public sector. Strong worldng relationships must be established early in the planning phase. The merchants and

I property owners should feel that it is their plan that is being implemented. I The following is a list of possible short term improvements which should be undertaken: a. weed Control b. Litter Control I C. Street Improvements d. Utility Improvements e. sign Control 1 f. Facade Improvements (minor) g. Shopper Attitude Survey h. Landscaping I i. Promotional Activities I As shown above, these improvements cannot be undertaken by any one group. They I 57 I I

I either require a combination of the public and private sector, or activities or improvements I by the public or private sector with the "blessing or approval" of the other sector. I During and after the implementation of these improvements, it is extremely important to carry out a public education and awareness program which can consist of promotional I activities, photographic materials and photographic materials which can provide a record of I the history of improvements, and demonstrate, possibly on a quarterly basis, that activities are in fact, taking place and the turn around is evident. I a. Get local merchants, business people, elected officials and civic groups. organized.

I b. Start rehabilitation of building facades to help downtown develop a unified and attractive image of quality; a large reason for the success of shopping I malls. c. Begin promoting the downtown through improved advertising and special I events to generate interest m Main Street. d. Work on creating a healthy and attractive mix of goods and services by recruiting stores and professionals, and by developing housing; all of I which will create the kind of activity that the center of downtowns used to harbor.

I Long Range Plan Elements I It was determined that it would be in the best interest of Wampum Borough to obtain I and direct funds into an infrastructure improvement project in the downtown area. The downtown represents the core area of the Borough. Historically, the downtown areas have I been recognized as the center or core of an overall community and economic development I Plan. The proposed Downtown Improvement Project consist mainly of infrastructure

I replacement and repairs, together with some new applications of lighting and street hardware. I 58 I Existing curbs and sidewalks would be replaced with newly constructed facilities. This

would include drainage facilities such as storm inlets, grating and castings. Decorative

lighting would be added to provide an improved appearance along pedestrian areas adjacent

to retail businesses. Street hardware, such as benches, would be considered and mcorporated

into the layout of the sidewalk and curbing to blend in. An allowance for the street

software, such as flowers and other plantings, has been cansidered in the planning. The

lighting would be distributed in a manner to enhance the overall appearance of the

improvement during both daytime and nighttime periods. A few benches would be

strategically placed to be a functional part of the downtown, and not interfere with pedestrh

flows. The flower and planting areas would be designed to add to the general

improvement,and requiring a minimum of maintenance. The decorative lighting and the

street light poles, are planned and arranged in a manner to fit together harmoniously and not

be in conflict with one another. There will be other amenities placed that will serve a

purpose to the downtown area and be available for special occasions, without interfering with

the overall scheme and plans to keep the project attractive and functional. The Downtown Revitalization Plan is proposed in two phases. The primary purpose

I for phasmg the activities is to take advantage of several state and federal funding years. The I downtown revitalization plan has cansidered the reuse of several properties. Properties along Main Street between Church and Railroad Streets are shown and proposed for commercial

reuse. These same properties are proposed for facade improvements. On Beaver Street a I Health Center was recently established by Jameson Memorial Hospital. On Main Street west I' of Darlington Road a senior housing project is proposed for consideration by this plan. TO 59 take advantage of an existing historical train station, an historical park is proposed on Main

Street across from the proposed senior housing project. All proposed street scaping and sidewalk improvements are proposed to coordinate the proposed activities, which will provide for adequate pedestrian flows between the senior housing, historical park, health center and retail and service sector activities. Phase II proposes the construction of street scapmg facilities along Main Street between Church and Clyde Street and facade improvements.

The Facade and restoration plan deals primarily with revitalizing the downtown area of Wampum Borough. The historic preservation plan also Contains the downtown or "Core

Area" facade guidelines and typical facade improvements.

Other elements of the Facade and Restoration Plan deal with the proposed street scapmg program in the "Core Area", which includes amenities such as ornamental street lighting, benches, planters, litter containers, sidewalk improvements, handicapped ramps and brick insert replacement along the sidewalks to provide decorative support.

HISTORICAL PRESERVATION PLAN

History

The Borough of Wampum, is said to have received its name from a tribe of Indians who

formerly dwelt there, and who wore the wampum belt.

The first actual settlers within what is now the Borough of Wampum came to the place in

1796 from Ireland. They were Robert and John Davidson. They settled on a two hundred

tract,of which they receive half for settling on it and purchased the balance shortly afterwards for me hundred dollars. Robert Davidson built the first grist mill in this part of

the country in 1830. The fEst furnace was built there by a company from Pittsburgh. This

fun operated the furnace for a number of years, but the business was not profitable, 11 therefore, the property was sold at an assipees sale, Samuel Kimberly in 1865 brought the establishment for a Cleveland, Ohio iron company. The name of the works was then

I changed to the "Wampum Furnace Company". I Edward Kay bought an interest in the property. The capacity of the works was about twenty ton of metal a day. The campany owned, as well as the furnace property, valuable coal,

I limestone, and iron ore lands which they operated extensively. The amount of coal taken I from these mines reached 50,000 tans mually. When times were good, the firm employed I over two hundred men. Captain O.H.P. Green claims to have been the first man to export the Beaver Valley Gas I Coal to Erie, in 1852. When the Erie Canal was completed he went into the boating I business, in which he continued until he engaged in coal mining and shipping. I 61 I 1

I In addition, to the coal business there were three firms engaged in quarrying and burning I limestone. These were John K. Shinn, Williams and Company, and the Wampm Cement B and Lime Company the latter of whom manufactured large quantities of cement, which is made from the lower stratum of limestone, known as "blue stone". I Wampum was formulated into a Borough by the Court of Quarter Sessions in February of 1 1875. Edward Kay was the first Burgess of The Borough. The first post office was established at Wampum in 1832 and the name of the office was called Irish Ripple, from the I rapids m the Beaver River. 1 Wampum has gamed national fame by having produced many of the fmst high school basketball teams in the country. Many of the individuals who have performed on these

1 championship teams have achieved greater aspirations by performing on professional teams. I Of importance to note, is that me of the historic structures (1202 Darlington Road), was the childhood home of General William V. McBride, appointed Vice Chief of Staff

I United States Air Force m 1975. 1 Historic Structures As previously presented, many of the old buildings in Wamputn Borough have been

1 renovated or altered and little remains of the historical value of the structure. However those I structures with remaining historic significance or value in history have been documented. I The following is a description of those structures: Structure Type: COmmerCial Location: 331 Main Street I Conditon: Fair comment: Little architectural value. Facade alterations, however, significant history value as housing a stage and hostmg B plays and dances. I 62 I ,. ._ ..--- '1, . i

Structi re Type Residential Location: 913 Clyde Street Condition: Renovated Comment: Most of the historical value of this large residential structure have been eliminated or covered-up. Some of the mansard roof style and dormers remain.

I

I Structure Type: Residential Location 345 Main Street Condition: Fair I Comment: Some inappropriate painting has occurred? however, structural integrity has been maintained. I I I I I I I 63 I .. ._ . ,. .. , . ..

I Structure Type: Residential Location: 436 Beaver I Condition: Good Comment: Well maintained, historically preserved with ornate cornices and I original siding. I I I I

Structure Type: Residential I Location: 368 Main Street Condition: Good Comment: Well maintained, historically preserved. Original siding and I stained glass window. I I I I I I I I I , . 1 . ._ . -..- ., I

I Structure Type: Residential Location: 1202 Darlington Road Condition: Good I Comment: Well maintained, historically preserved with domestic's quarters in separate building. Incorrect color scheme for original period. I I I I

~D Structure Type: Train Station Location: Main Street Condition: Poor I Comment: State of disrepair preservation possible I I I I D I I I I 65 I I

Structure Type: I Location: Condition: Pair I Coment: Significant architectural value. Suitable for restoration. I I I

I Structure Type: Commercial Location: 328 Main Street Condition: Pair I Comment: Typical of early commercial development in Wampum Borough. The building housed sales of clothing, appliances and soda fountain. I Structure Type: Residential (Used for Professional/Commercial) Location: 341 Main Street I Conditon: Very Good Comment: Typical of early upscale residential. Excellent condition,should I be maintained. I I I I I I I I I

Structure Qpe: Church I Location: 91 1 Clyde Street Condition: Good I Comment: Original structure well maintained ornate and cultural value I I I I I I I The Preservation Process 'Ifhe rehabilitation process involves three basic steps:

I 1. Evaluation of the historic resource 2. Exploration of preservation options I 3. Making decisions on the appropriate course of action To assure that alterations do not damage or destroy the historic character of a

I building or district, the nature of the historic character must first be determined. This is not I really as abstract or difficult as it may seem. The historic character of a resource is I determined essentially by the materials and features which are significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values. First, these values must be identified, then the significant I materials and features can also be identified. Assessment of these values and elements as a I 67 I I

1 unit reveals the nature of a resource's historic character. I Because every resource is unique, the significant materials and features of each property must be identified as part of the rehabilitation of that property. As a contribution

I element of a district, the potential impact of changes to an individual property must also be

considered in terms of the district as a whole.

The historical and cultural values of Wampum Borough are reflected in the Borough's

1 building architecture. For the most part, the buildings are vernacular, rather than the

academic, high style designs of architects. Although such vernacular architecture is less

dazzling and awe inspiring than high style building, its significance as a historic resource is

of equal or greater importance. The vernacular building tradition more accurately reflects I the ordinary, everyday and commonplace activities which lie at the heart of the community's heritage.

The most common variety of architecture found in downtown is classified simply as

brick-front commercial. This architecture is COmmoIl wherever commercial growth occurred

in the United States between 1870 and 1940. This type of structure can be either a single

detached building,or it may belong to a group of similar structures sharing party walls and

I unified by horizontal architectural details such as cornices. I Characteristically, these buildings are from one to three stories m height. The ground floor level was intended as the retail space, while the upper floors were designed for storage

or living space. Access to the upper floors is either by a separate exterior entrance in the 1 storefront, or through the interior of the store. The lower level of the facade is dominated by the storefront with its large display

68 I windows. Because of the narrow and deep nature of most brick-front commercial structures, I I these windows maximized the penetration of natural light as well as displayed merchandise. The store entrance can be either centered or off center and is usually recessed with single or

I double panel and glass doors. I Plan Strategies I The structures inventoried are privately owned and without appropriate historic preservation district ordinances little can be done to require historic preservation. However, I certain rehabilitation standards can be encouraged and a funded facade improvement program I can be provided. At a minimum it is recommended that the standards of the United States Secretary of Interior be encouraged.

I Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation I The Secretary's "Standards for Rehabilitation" are generally guidelines developed by the federal govermnent, to provide direction in preservation projects. These guidelines are

I the official criteria used to determine if a preservation project qualifies as a "CertTied I Rehabilitation" pursuant to the Tax Reform Act of 1976, the Revenue Act of 1978, and the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 198 1. In order to qualify as a "Certified Rehabilitation" any I alterations made in the rehabilitation process must be "consistent with the historic character I of the structure or the district in which it is located". By defdtion, rehabilitation assumes I the necessity of at least some alteration provided for efficient contemporary use. However, these changes must not damage or destroy the materials and features which are important m I defining the historic character of the resource. The Secretary's "Standards of Rehabilitation" I are based upon the preservation philosophy that it is "better to preserve than repair, better to I 69 I I

I repair than restore, and better to restore than reconstruct". This set of official criteria is designed to assure the preservation of those portions and features of a property which are ~'significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values. Any facade improvement or II rehabilitation Droiect should observe these standards. I The Secretary's "Standards for Rehabilitation" are as follows: 1. Every reasonable effort shall be made to provide a compatible use for I a property be made to provide a alteration of the building, structure, or I site and its environment, or to use a property for its originally intended I P"pae. 2. The distinguishing original qualities or character of building, structure, or site and its environment, shall not be destroyed. The removal of alteration I of any historic material or distinctive architectural features should be avoided when possible.

I 3. All buildings, structures and sites shall be recognized as products of their own time. Alterations that have no historic material or distinctive I architectural features should be avoided when possible. 4. Changes which may have taken place in the come of time are evidence of the history and development of a building, structure, or site, and its I environment.

5. Distinctive stylistic features or examples of skilled craRsmanship which I characterize a building, structure or site, shall be treated with sensitivity.

6. Deteriorated architectural features shall be repaired, rather than replaced, I wherever possible. In the event replacement is necessary, the new material should match the material begin replaced in composition, design, color, texture, and other visual qualities. Repair or replacement of missing I architectural features should be based on accurate duplications of features, substantiated by historic, physical or pictorial evidence, rather than on I conjectural designs, or the availability of different architectural elements from other buildings or structures. I 7. The surface cleaning of structures shall be undertalcen with the gentlest means possible. Sandblasting and othex cleaning methods that will damage I the historic building materials, shall not be undertaken. I 70 I 8. Every reasonable effort shall be made to protect and preserve archeological resources affected by or adjacent to any project.

9. Contemporary design for alterations and additions to existing properties shall not be discouraged when such alterations and additions do not destroy significant historical, architectural or cultural material, and such design is compatible with the size, scale, color, material and character of the property, neighborhood or environment.

~I 10. Whenever possible, new additions or alterations to structures shall be done m such a manner that if such additions or alterations were to be removed in the I future, the essential form and integrity of the structure would be unimpaired. I Facade Promam Guidelines It is recommended that the Borough of Wampum consider a funded "Facade I Improvement Plan" through the Housing and Development Program as administered by the I PA Department of Community Affairs. Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Upper Facade

I Uncover and open blocked windows. Follow guidelines for treatment of historic windows.

Preserve, maintain and repair all historic fabric including decorative brickwork, metals, glass I and wood elements. I Follow recommended procedures for cleaning historic masonry, never sandblast. Painting should be based upon historic appearance. Do not coat surfaces which have never I been painted. Use appropriate materials. Avoid those unavailable at the time of construction, such as vinyl I and aluminum, mirrored or tiuted glass, artificial stone and brick veneer. Guidelines for Rehabilitation of Existing Storefronts

I Preserve, maintain or repair all existing historic fabric. Do not alter an existing historic storefront.

I Historical themes which relate the buildings are inappropriate. Colonial and Victorian detailing are inappropriate for Wampum Borough. Avoid "historic" accessories like coach I lanterns , mansard overhangs, wood shakes, and small pained windows.

71 I I

I Preserve the "storefront" character. If an adaptive use requires less exposed window area, consider interior blinds, curtains, or some other solution. Retain the transparency of the I ground level facade. Open up transom windows which have been blocked, covered or painted. Repair any I necessary elements. Historic Windows

I The upper floor window of a commercial facade play an important role m visual hnage of the district. These regularly spaced window contribute strongly to the continuity of the I streetscape. Milled and obscured windows disturb the consistent pattern of the visual image. Priority should be given to uncovering and opening blocked windows.

I The original configuration of the window opening should be respected. I Remove all window air conditioning units and any other protruding objects. I Historic windows should be repaired ifnecessary, not replaced. Wmdows, altered with painted glazing should be cleaned, not replaced. I All historic windows should receive regular maintenance. I Any replacement glazing should be transparent, no mirrored or tinted glass. Should the historic window no longer exist, replacement must convey the same visual I appearance as the original. Storm windows to increase energy efficiency are not discouraged, but should match the original windows in form and style. Minimize the visual impact be selecting compatible I frame colors. Unfiiished aluminum storm windows should be avoided. They should not obscure the pattern of the window or detract from its appearance in any way.

I Awnings 11 Awnings became a popular facade element after 1890 and were common throughout the early twentieth century. Their use would be appropriate facade improvement treatment

for Wampum Borough. A carefully designed and coordinated awning scheme could enhance

the visual image of the downtown and reinforce the continuity of the historic district.

72 I Awnings are both functional and aesthetic. They not only protect the consumer from I the sun and weather, but also add inviting color to the streetscape. In some cases, they can even be used to disguise inappropriate storefront alterations in an inexpensive way. Canvas

I is usually the least expensive and preferred material, although vinyl-coated canvas and acrylic I are also appropriate. I Material Life Expectancy Canvas 4-7 years Vinyl-coated 7-10 years Acrylic 7-12 years

Metal awnings or overhangs were also used in the early and mid-1900's. If an

original awning exists, it should be respected as historic fabric and not removed or replaced.

A twelve to twenty four inch canvas awning valance might be added for consistency with

neighboring awning schemes.

Retractable awnings which allow flexibility of use are recommended over fmed

awnings. Inappropriate storefront alterations can be effectively disguised by mounting an

awning over the alterations while mahwthe proportions of a traditional storefront.

Guidelines for Awning Design

Awnings should be attached to the storefront either above the display windows and below the p cornice or signboard, or between the transom and display window. Standard street-level awning should be mounted so that the valance is about seven feet above I the sidewalk and projects between four and seven feet from the building. The valance flap is typically twelve inches and can also serve as a sign panel.

~I Design should respect the scale of the building and achieve a visual balance. I Awnings should reinforce the frame of the storefront. I 73 Awnmgp should be designed and attached in a fashion which does not obscure any significant architectural features.

Signage

Signs are an important key to defmthe character of the downtown commercial district. The purpose of course, is to inform customers of a business location and type. As pedestrian and slow traffic area, downtown signage can be small in scale and yet effective.

Creative signage can convey the store's individual image while maintaining the historic character of the district. Remember, the entire facade of the historic building advertises your business. The first step is to clean up the facade by removing the clutter of any inappropriate signage.

Guidelines for Signage Design

Historical themes which predate the building are not appropriate. Colonial and Victorian style signs are not appropriate for Wampum Borough.

Signs should be kept subordinate to the build.hg;never covering sigdfkant architectural features.

Keep sign simple with a direct message.

A storefront should not have more than two signs.

Mounted sipshould be placed on the "signboard" or "facia" of the historic storefront, (the area above the display or transom windows and below the second story window sills). The dimensions of the sjgn should not exceed the boundaries of the storefront or be more than two and one half feet in height.

Projecting or banging signs should be placed with care not to interfere with neighboring signs or detract from the streetscape. They need to be mounted at least eight and one half feet above the sidewalk and project no more than five feet.

Window signage should not obscure or clutter the display area.

74 The Storefront

The storefront of a historic commercial building is often its most important

architectural feature. Because of its key role in advertising ad merchandising, the storefront

is also the most commonly altered feature. When alternation ignore traditional storefront

boundaries, proportions and materials, they create dissonance with the historic character of

the building and disrupt the continuity of the district.

Inappropriate non-historic storefronts should be replaced with either an accurate

restoration of the original storefront, or a contemporary design which is compatible with the I scale, design, materials, color and texture of the erst of the buildings and the district. Guidelines for Replacement Storefronts

I Retain the "storefront" character. Even if the building is being rehabilitated for something other than retail use, the ground level facade must "read" as a storefront to ram compati%lewith the district's character.

Emphasize transparency. Use glass in doors, transoms and display areas for visibility into I and out of the store. Observe the traditional ratio of window to wall area.

Respect the building's scale and proportions. Observe the historic storefront boundaries. The replacement design should fit within the original storefront opening withoa obscuring the piers. I Storefront setback should be approximately four to twelve inches from the front edge of the opening- I Retain the appearance of a three part facade, (storefront, upper facade, cornice), with a clear horizontal separation between the storefront and the upper facade. The use of the facia board as a signboard reinforces this division.

Differentiate the primary retail entrance from the secondary access to upper floors. Check current code requirements for entrances, (out-swinging doors generally must be recessed).

75 Select compatible construction materials. In general, they should be simple and unobtrusive. Glass, wood and cast iron are more appropriate than masonry which tends to create a massive appearance.

Secondary design elements should be simple to avoid visual clutter which detracts frm the facade and streetscape.

Avoid inappropriate historical themes.

WHAT NOT TO DO

Do not destroy the "storefront" appearance.

It is not recommended to design a period storefront as a replacement. Such period designs are a mistake which in the end actually detract form the historic character of a resource. Even copying traditional details and features from neighboring buildings of the period results in the historical fakery of an appearance that never existed. Conjectural designs are not recommended.

Do not alter the historic character of the building with the addition of inappropriate elements. For instance, the creation of an arcade where one never existed would be inappropriate.

Never Sandblast Use only approved cleaning techniques for historic materials.

Res tom tion

Restoration is defined as the act or process of accurately recovering the form and details of a property and its setting as it appeared at a particular period of time by means of the removal of later work or by the replacement of missing earlier work.

The restoration approach requires returning the facade to its original appearance.

Any restoration must be accurately based upon historical, pictorial, and/or physical documentation. If a building has been altered m anly minor ways, restoration may be inexpensive and desirable.

Should this be the facade improvement choice, special care should be taken in deciding which features to preserve, repair or replace. Always remember, it is better to

76 I

I preserve than repair, better to repair then restore, and better to restore the reconstruct. I Decisions Before rehabilitation work begins, the potential impact of any proposed alterations

I must be assessed. The guidelines and recommendations, under rehabilitation options are I designed to minimize the affect of any alterations to the resource and district. Work which observes those recommendations should result m a compatible design sensitive to the historic

I character. To assure successful facade improvement, all alterations with the local historic I district, requiring a demolition or building permit, must be approved with a "certification of I appropriateness" by the Historic Review Commission pursuant to Wampum Borough Local Ordinance. I The following checklist of guidelines is designed to assist the Historic Review I Commission in determination of the appropriate or inappropriate nature of proposed changes. Historic Review Commisslon Checklist

I Will the proposal promote the general welfare of the Borough and all citizens? I Will the proposal preserve and protect the historic and architectural nature of the district? Are proposed cleaning and repair within recommended @&lines for historic material?

I Are the basic elements and relationships of the proposal compatible with the historic character of the resource and district? Architectural styles/types, materials, scale, textures, setbacks, height, roofline, color, rhythm of spacing, proportion of openings, and rhythm of I solids to voids. I Are historic exterior architectural features preserved and unobscured by the proposal? Is proposed replacement of elements of material absolutely necessary? Could they be I repaired or preserved intact rather than replaced by new fabric? Are replacement features, such as new storefront designs, appropriate? Do they observe I recommended guidelines? I I I

I Are secondary design features, (awnings, signage), appropriate? I Color Color is unquestionably one of the most difficult and controversial aspects of facade

I improvement and historic district regulation. Color choice is often a highly personal decision I for a property owner. The ultimate goal for a business owner in choosing a paint scheme is I to create an eye-catching and attractive affective. A new coat of paint can be a dramatic improvement in the appearance of a historic building and business image. Or, without I careful though and consideration, a new paint job can be a disaster for the historic character I of the resource and district. In general, the paint scheme for a historic commercial building should be kept simple. I The idea is to complement and enhance the resource, not overwhelm it. Color selection I should be sensitive to the historic character of the building and so it should be appropriate to the time period. Early twentieth century taste dictated lighter, calmer colors than the dark,

I rich shades of the Victorian Era. Light, calm colors would be most appropriate for the I Wampum Borough Downtown. Three part color schemes have proven quite effective in downtown facade

I improvements. Such facade treatment involves coordination of major and minor trim with I the base color. Trim colors should highlight these architectural features rather than overpower the facade. Color choice should relate in a way which ties all the building parts

I together. I I I 78 I I Three Part Color Schemes I Base Color Wall surfaces I Storefront piers Major Trim

I cornice window caps Window frames I Storefront cornice Storefront columns I Bulkheads (kickplates) I Minor Trim Window sash Doors I Storefront frame Small details on cornice Bulkheads (kickplates) I Windowhoods I Basic Painting and Color Guidelines for New Construction Consult your Historic Review Commission.

I Do not coat historic surfaces which have never been painted. I Restoration of facade to its original appearance requires accurate paint analysis. Color selection should be appropriate to the historic character and time period of the building.

I Choose colors within the natural color range of the material. II Keep paint schemes Sitnple. I Make all necessary repairs before painting. I A primer may be desired for improved adherence of the final coat. I 79 I Property owners , (individually or collectively), may wish to contact a historic preservation consultant who specializes m rehabilitation design, color, and paint schemes to develop a specific color design scheme for an individual property or the district as a whole.

Contact the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Bureau of Historic Preservation, or the Pennsylvania Preservation League for further technical assistance in color selection, or any aspect of rehabilitation.

Maintenance

Maintenance of historic resources is an integral and vital aspect of preservation.

Occasional repair and systematic maintenance prevent the big problems which require big

spending. Required treatment for historic structures differs from that for contemporary

buildings, because of the specific nature of historic construction techniques and materials.

Quite often, a treatment which is safe for non-historic buildings can severely damage historical ones.

Buildings deteriorate for a variety of man-made and natural causes. Water,

(moisture), is a structure's most dangerous enemy. The presence of excess moisture coupled with the climatic freeze-thaw cycle, results in mechanical disintegration of the building material. Proper maintenance can prevent water damage and other threats to your building.

Causes of Deterioratioq

Physical causes, water, wind, temperature, etc. Chemical causes, pollution, oxidation, etc. Botanical causes,tree roots, vines, etc. Biological cause, insects, birds, etc. Historic Masonry

Masonry is the prjmary building material of the Wampum Borough Downtown

Historic District. Even though it is one of the most durable building materials, it is

susceptible to damage through improper mahtenance/repair and harsh, abrasive cleaning.

Brick is composed of relatively soft interior material, with a hard, protective surface layer

produced in firing. Damage to the hard outer layer results in deterioration of the entire

brick

Cleaning Masonry

Clean only when necessary to halt physical deterioration or remove heavy soiling/paint build UP. Never sandblast masonry surfaces using dry or wet grit or other abrasive. Sandblasting destroys the protective surface layer of a brick, leading to deterioration. This damage is permanent and cannot be reversed. Deterioration will continue even with the application of Sealants.

Use the gentlest means possible, low pressure water with mild masonry detergents and natural bristle brushes or a non-harmful chemical solution.

Always test a cleaning method on a small area of the masonry 'surface for any negative effects before application.

Repointing Masonry

I Repair deteriorated mortar joints by repomting.

Examine your building for signs of disintegrating mortar, cracks in mortar joints, loose brick, damp walls, hagedplaster.

Duplicate historic mortar in strength and composition.

Historic mortar tends to be much softer and more pliable than modem mortar. Replacement mortar must be pliable enough to accomnzodate the expansion and construction of soft I historic brick. The ratio of Portland Cement is usually higher m modem mixtures than it was in the early twentieth century and is too hard to use on historic buildings.

81 I'

I Duplicate the color and texture of historic mortar. Mortar which does not match detracts significantly from facade appearance as "sloppy patchwork.

I Duplicate the width and joint profile of historic mortar. Again, incorrect repointing results I in a sloppy appearance. I New Construction The compatiiility of new construction in any historic district is crucial to maintaining I the historic character of the district. In Wampum Borough, this is especially true due to the I small, compact nature of the Downtown Historic District. Intrusive new construction would disrupt the continuity of the entire district. I Compatibility of new construction is determined by those same basic elements and I relationships which determine the historic character of the district. Criteria of cumpatibility for new construction in the Wampum Borough Downtown Historic I District. I Architectural Sqle Modern architectural designs are encouraged. All designs must be sensitive to the visual I characteristics of the district. Recreation of historic styles is discouraged. Materials

I New building materials must be compatible with the predominant historic materials. Due to the homogeneity of materials in the Wampum Borough Downtown Historic District, brick I should be the primary building material and transparent glass a secondary building material. I Texture Texture of new construction must be compatible with the coursed brick texture relationship I of the district. Scale

I Scale is created by the size of units of construction and architectural detail which relate to the I a2 I 1

I size of man. Scale is also determined by building mass and how it relates to open space. The predominant elements of scale in the Wampum Borough Downtown Historic District are brick, (the unit of construction), and the storefront, (architectural detail). The scale of new I construction must be consistent with that of the district. I Color The color of new construction should complement the historic character of the district.

I Heinht I Height of new construction must be visually compatible with adjacent buildings. New construction in the historic district should be two or three stories in height. One story construction and anything over three stories would disrupt the visual continUity of the I district. I Setback The setback of new construction must be consistent with the historic sidewalk setback of the I district. Rhythm of spacing

I The relationship of a building to open space between it and adjoining buildings must be consistent with that of the historic district. In the Downtown Historic District, buildings are constructed flush to one another sharing party walls. No open space should be allowed I between new construction and adjacent buildings. I Roofline/Roof Shape The roof shape and resulting roofline must be compatible with adjacent buildings. This is determined by the flat roofs and parapet walls of Wampum Borough's historic brick front I commercial architecture. I Rhythm of solids to voids Rhythm of solids to voids of new construction must be compatible with that of historic I construction in the district. This rhythm is an ordered recurrent alteration of strong and weak elements. In the Wampum Borough Downtown Historic District, this rhythm is I determined by the regular spacing of upper floor windows and storefronts. I I 83 I ProDortion of openings

The proportion of openings determined by relationship of width to height of windows and doors must be compatible. I Demolition It should be the policy of the historic review commission and the Borough Council to I promote and encourage the preservation of historic resources and protect against the razing or demolition of any historic structure within the historic district. I I

I ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES PLAN

Introduction

To effectively propose and implement a program that expands upon the present

I economic development tools and programs, Wampum Borough should implement all or part I of the vehicles herein outlined. The course of action set forth below is designed to promote I the kinds of programs that a of government may want to pursue to ensure growth and development. I Usually economic development efforts are targeted to two separate, district courses of I action. New business and industry and expansion of existing industry and business. Every effort must be made to utilize existing industry to assist in the recruitment of new industry.

I An inventory of these fums is contained m this element. I Emdovment Trends and Projections The employment trend analysis is important in economic development recruitment to

I depict what the local population employment trends are; and to target recruitment to markets I suitable for existing trends. Therefore, the following data depicts Lawrence and Beaver Counties statistics, and can be considered applicable to Wampum Borough.

I EmDloyment Trends I The following tables shows the fastest growing and fasting declining employment by specific industries.

I Fastest Growing EmDlovment I Industrv Averane Annual Growth Rate % I Agricultural Service + 32.6 I 85 I I

I Amusement & Recreation Services +26.3 Heavy Contract Construction + 25.3 Real Estate + 15.9 1 Business Services + 12.0 I Fastest Declining Fmplopent Inctustrv Average Annual Declining Rate 96 I Textile & Mill Products - 100 Machinery, Except Electrical -23.4 Furniture & Home Furnishing Stores - 15.7 I Fabricated Metal Products -13.9 Nmmetallic Minerals Mining -13.3

I The percentages shown do not necessarily depict the most jobs being lost or gained on I the job market scene as a whole, but rather that the percentage of jobs growing or declining are relative to the number of jobs that previously existed within a particular occupation. For

I example, an increase of five jobs in an occupatia that previously had six jobs, would reveal

an eighty-three percent increase in jobs. However, a fifty job increase in an occupation that lII previously had one hundred fifty jobs, would only show proportions of jobs within an 1 occupation, and not the actual increase in jobs. I As depicted by the Fastest Growing Employment Trends, the greatest percentage increase is in agricultural services. However, on the "Percentage Increase or Decrease m

I Employment" table (shown later), the Agricultural and Mining sector was shown to have a I loss of twenty-five percent m total jobs. The reason for the difference was due to the fact I that in the "Percentage Increase or Decrease in Employment" table, several occupations- were categorized under the Agricultural and Mining sector (Le. dairy farming, coal mining, etc.), I Though the agricultural services occupation has grown at a rate of thirty-two point six I percent, the losses in the mining occupation have been greater and have produced an average I 86 I I

1 that depicts a loss. There is also the factor of actual total jobs versus percentages factor that I was explained before in the example of an eighty-three percent increase or five jobs, as I compared to a thirty-three percent increase of fifty jobs. Therefore, in comparison to the "Fastest Growing and Fastest Declining Occupation" 'I tables, we have included two tables which depict actual numbers of jobs lost or created as I opposed to the percentages of the "Fastest Growing or Fastest Declining Occupations" tables. Most Jobs Created Jobs Health Services ...... +470 I Business Services ...... +271 Heavy construction Contract ...... +225 Amusement 8z Recreation Services ..... + 186 I Food Stores ...... + 150

Most Jobs Lost Jobs 'I Machinery, except Electrical ...... -906 Fabricated Metal Products ...... -817 Transportation Equipment ...... 41 1 I Education Services ...... -368 Stone/Clay/Glass Products ...... -343

'I As is depicted by the tables, the most jobs created are in the health services, business I services, heavy construction contract, amusement and recreational services, and food stores I occupation. The most jobs lost, are in machinery, fabricated metal products, transportation ~I equipment, educatianal services, stone/clay/glass products. These two tables show the actual I number of jobs being created or lost, in spite of the fact their percentage differences may not appear on the previous "Fastest Growing" or "Fastest Declining Ehployment" tables. Once I again this is due to the actual increases or decreases in jobs cornpared to the proportion of 1 increases or decrease in jobs using the total number of actual jobs to start off with. For I 87 I I example, the textile and miss products occupation, which experienced a one hundred percent I loss in the "Fastest Declining Employment" table, is not listed in the "most jobs loss" table because on only one hundred sixty seven jobs, whereas the stone/clay/glass products industry

I is employing between 1,200 to 1,700 persons. I The next table depicts employment by sector, actual and projected for the year I 1970,1980 and 1992. This table does not show the percentage increases or decreases in total

jobs, but rather, it depicts what share of the market is occupied by any particular sector. For I example, 1980, of all jobs available, 12.5% were occupied by the government sector. The I percentage of employment projected to the year 1992 indicates the percentage of total available jobs that will be occupied by a particular sector. Low, middle, and high growth I paths have been adjusted by 8,10, and 12% unemployment rates respectively. Employment by Sector, Actual and Projected I 1970,1980 and 1992 Lawrence County ,Pennsylvania

Proiected Growth 1992 1970 1980 Low Mid

I Government 9.8 12.5 11.6 11.4 11.5 Federal N/A 2.1 211 1.9 2.0 I State N/A 10.5 9.5 9.5 9.5 Private 90.2 87.5 89.3 89.6 89.5 Agr.& Mining 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 I Contract Canst. 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 Manufacturing 38.4 30.3 26.8 27.2 27.4 Durable Goods 34.1 25.3 22.5 22.8 23.1 I Non-Durable 4.3 5.0 4.4 4.5 4.5 Trans. Corn. & Util. 5.9 7.0 6.8 6.8 6.8 I Wholesale/Retail 19.0 20.2 20.5 20.6 20.6 Trade Finance, Insurance 4.6 4.3 4.8 4.8 4.4 I Real Estate Services 17.7 22.0 25.3 25.3 25.3 I 88 I According to the Employment by Sector table, the majority of jobs (87.5%)are held in

the private sector. Within the private sector, most jobs are found in the manufacturing

sector, with the service industry, and the wholejretail trade business close behind. Though

I the manufacturing still leads employment with approximately 30.3% of the job market, it I appears that the service sector, and the wholesale/retail &a& sector are going to gain a large I portion of the job market. This is &heated by the 1970 percentage figures of 38.4% for manufacturing, 19.0% for wholesalejretait trade, and 17.7% for services, as campared with I the 1980 figures of 30.3% for manufacturing, 22.0% for services, and 20.2% for I wholesalejretail trade. The changes from 1970 to 1980 shows that the manufacturing sector lost 8 9% of the job market share, wholesalejretail trade gained 1%, and the service sector

I gained 4%. This change in percentage of job market share is expected to continue with the I manufacturing sector losmg another 3 I,the wholesale/retail trade sector gaining .4 % , and the service sector to gain an additional 3%. Therefore, concluding that all other industry

I sectors are to remain stable, but the bulk of the job market is to shift from manufacturmg to

services.

The following table depicts the percentage increase or decrease in employment

projections by sector. The percentage shown are not in terms of the ratio of job per sector

of the total 100%job market. But, rather, the percentage show increases or decreases of

percentages of total jobs within such sector from previous census figures. The increases or

decreases m the 1980 column are actual percentage changes relative to the 1970 census. The

increases or decreases in the 1992 column, are percentage changes projected to the year

1992.

I 89 I I I I 5% INCREASE OR DECREASE IN EMPLOYMENT PROJECTION BY SECTOR * 1980 1992

I Government + 27% -8.8 Agricultural & Mining -25 % -16.4 Contract Construction -7.7% +2.4 I Manufacturing - 16& -9.8 Trans,Comm,&Utilities . +20.5% -2.7 I Wholesalemetail Trade + 12% +2.3 Finance, Insurance, Real Estate -.5% + 12.0 Services . +2&.4% + 15.6 I *Actual Increase since 1970 Census Source: Institute of Social Science Research with use of data from U.S. hem of Labor Statistics, Economic Proiects to 1990, Bulletin 2121, Issued March 1982, Pennsylvania Department of Health, State Data Center, Population Proiection for Counties 1990, Issued April 1984 and the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry, I Pennsvlvania Civilian Labor Force Data bv Countv of Residence 1974-1983. I As shown on the table the total number of government jobs, which include both the state and federal levels, have increased 27% over the 1970 ceasus. However, the total number of

I government jobs is expected to decrease 85% by the year 1992. The agricultural loss of I 16.4% by the year 1992. The contract construction industry which sufTered a 7.7% loss of total jobs from 1970 t~ the 1980 census, is expected to bounce back with a slight increase of

I 2.4% in total jobs by the year 1992. I The manufacturing industry, which has suffered a sixteen percent deficit in total jobs I from 1970 to 1980, is expected to continue with a loss of 9.8% by the year 1992. The transportation, ccnnmunications and utilities industries, which experienced an increase of I 20.5 % from 1970 to 1980 is expected to reverse the trend and experience a loss of 2.7% by I the year 1992. The fiance, insurance and real estate industries, which remained stable with a slight deficit of 5%is expected to have an increase of 12% of total jobs by the year 1992.

I Finally, the service industry, which experience a 24.4 % increase of total jobs from 1970 to I 90 I I

I to 1980, is expected to continue its current trend with an increase of 15.6% in total jobs by I theyear 1992. To summarize, sectors expecting to experience the highest gam in total employment are:

I Service + 15.6% Finance, Insurance and Real Estate + 12% Construction + 2.4 % I 'wholesale/Retail Trade + 2.3 I I Sectors expecting to experience losses in total employment are: Agricultural and Mining - 16.5% I Manufacturing -9.8% Government -8.8 I I Transportation, Communication and Utilities -2.7% Conclusion

I The fastest growing employment by specific job categories in terms of percentages are: I Agricultural, amusement and recreatiunal services, heavy construction contract, real estate and business services. The fastest declining employment by specific job categories in terms

I of percentages are: textile and mill products, machiney (except electrical), furniture and I home furnishings, fabricated metal products, and nun-metallic mineral mining. The most jobs created in terms of sheer numbers are: health services, business services,

I heavy construction contract, amusement and recreational services and food stores. The most I jobs lost by actual numbers are: machinery (except electrical), fabricated metal products, transportation equipment, educational services and stme&lay/glass products.

I Within the job market, it is anticipated that the manufacturing sector will lose a portion I of the job market in terms of percentages, and the shift in the portion of jobs will move to I the service sector. I 91 I The employment sectors projected to increase the most are the service and fmce, insurance and real estate sectors. The employment sectors anticipated to decrease the most in terms of the change in jobs are the agricultural and mining, manufacturing and govermnent jobs.

Description of Tools/Pronrams/ Fun- The following programs should be pursued in order to implement the proposed job creation/retention strategy.

Enterprise Development Zones

This program requires extensive performing efforts and state determination. The Wampum Borough area is not currently designated as an EDZ, however, should ccmsider to pursuing this designation. Some sisnificant benefits of this designation include priority for: BID Grants, Lower PIDA interest rates for loan, greater emphasis by state on target areas, and LERTA reimbursements for economic development.

Municioal Assistance ProPram MAP

A special designation for this program is required. If not in an enterprise zone, designation must be applied for. Successful applicants can qualify for up to eighty percent of their required local match to be reimbursed by the state. Wampum Borough does not currently quaw for this designation, but should continue to monitor the program regulations. A key developmental effort of the map program is its applicability to infrastructure programs.

Interagency Cooperation

First and foremost, Wampum Borough must strengthen and enhance its working relationship with the Ellwood City Economic Development Authority, Ellwood City Industrial Development Corporation, the Lawrence County Economic Development Corporation, the Beaver County Corporation for Economic Development and other groups interested in economic development.

Development that occurs in the County, regardless of whether it is Wampum Borough or not, is good for Wampum Borough. Cooperative efforts should include all county agencies, nearby communities and private industry.

An on-gomg public relations campaign devotes itself to ensurhg that Wampum Borough strives to present an image, indicating Wampum Borough is seriously approaching ecunomic development. Wampum Borough must work closely with banking facilities, businesses, industry, public bodies of the state and of course the residents.

Utilizing press releases, that are positive in nature via the press, radio or television, sends positive signals throughout the Community that Wampum Borough is serious about development.

Technical Assistance TA

Technical assistance to new or expanding industry is perhaps one of the most important tools a community can offer a new prospect. This service is the one necessary ingredient that catl address all the needs, requirements and special assistance new prospects often require. It can take the form of assistance for information, including, low interest loans, tax abatement, infrastructure, loan data, labor status and a whole range of requests. It often becumes the I one direct link between the developer and the municipality. Without this link, the prospect may have insufficient information on which to make a good decision. A second area of assistance can provide the prospect with all pertinent information with I respect to communiv codes, permits, industrial standards, utility rates and charges. Good communication helps pave the way for a prospect.

I TA proppuns also identify other industrial elements, possible cooperative arrangments, sources of materials, supplies and a score of industry information and cooperation.

Phvsical Develonment Promams

A major responsibility is to ensure that land is developed, redeveloped, and marketed, and to see that potential industrial properties are located if necessary.

Inkastru c ture

The ability to install necessary utilities in a timely and cost effective manner may be the key I to retaining development prospect. Industrial infrastructure assistance may take the form of:

Newaccess roads I Utility installation Drainage improvements Rail Channel Other site improvements

Industrial Area Signape and Beautification

This reconunendation is not oRen found in economic plans. However, the municipality m

93 1

I conjunction with the private industrial sector may choose to undertake a series of improvements in and to the industrial area such as upgraded signage and beautification programs. Often even basic arterial like industrial directional sipand landscaping along I new access roads and in redevelopment areas is desirable. I Industrial Revolvina Loan Fund Many development oriented municipalities have created, or currently participate m local revolving loan funds that provide low interest financing for newjexpanded businesses. This I can become one of the more important aspects dependhg upon the source of the fund and its I timely approval. The program requires a substantial amount of money, i.e. $50,000 or more to be effective. Perhaps one of its greatest attribution, however, is the perception by industry. That the I community has gone that extra mile in its economic assistance program. I Industrial Marketing and Promotion Package Each township, city, borough or populated area must have a basic identity in order to create and capitalize on a package targeting certain industrial groups and providing a vehicle for I pramotion.

An economic development unit, regardless of this sophistication must, at a minimum be able I to identify aspects, opportunities and potential problems to be effective. This activity has been given a high priority by the Lawrence County Economic Development Corporation.

I Most communities in the country are using a similar approach. Your unique statement (image-version), can be your own spring board to your entire ecunomic development effort.

Although location is often an overworked theme in economic development, it just happens to be a strong identity factor for Wampum Borough. As has been said before, the highway system offers Wampum Borough an advantage not shared by most communities. Developers seeking sites where transportation is a critical element of their business, (i.e. distribution warehousing), understand all too well the market value inherent in quick access to the interstate area. They are also quick to recognize the high resources therein. Wampum I Borough must highlight this advantage as a satellite HUB and prmote it as a key element in its marketing effects.

I Availabilitv of Industrial Land I Wampum Borough has an underutilized industrial facility which begs for development. Wampum is unique in that it has one of the few comprehensive underground developmenis in the entire country. The Wampum Mine has 4,000,000 square feet of warehouse, research, development and industrial space. I 94 I 1

I There is much information and important data about Wampum Borough. This material should be transformed into a brochure which can be part of a new series of presentations tailored to the specific industrial prospect. Any kind of media format can be employed for I economic development purposes. It is cruital that Wampum Borough in ccmcert with the Lawrence County Economic Development Corporation begin to inventory and market I available land for economic development. 0 ther Programs

I There are a variety of programs available at various terms to address local problems. Often funds may be available for marketing. Industrial related economic development, special I assistance and assistance to high technology. Some of the more popular programs now in existence. Now programs are often formed, while periodically, others may be legislated out I of existence. Source of Funding

I Detailed narrative of many sources of funds and programs are discussed in the “Financial Aid section of this element. These briefly include PIDA, PCLF, Pooled Bond Programs, Employee Ownership, PA Minority Business Development Authority, Nurse Home Loan, I Ben Franklin Program, Seed Venture, Small Business Incubator, Penntap, BID, Site Development Program, Community Economic Recovery, Job Training, JTPA, SBA Center, International Investment and International Trade. Another popular program is the RLP. A I low-interest loan program offered by municipalities. The RLF can be created by CDBG or other funds and loans to new/expding industries at below market rates depending on such I factors as new jobs, locations and types of local designation if any. I I I I I I I 95 I I I IDENTIFICATION OF NEW PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY

I Introduction I The Pennsylvania State College of Agriculture has developed a camputerized economic development data base which can assist approxirnately 275 Pennsylvania communities with

I populations of 1,OOO to 100,OOO in targeting potential new industries, assessing competitions I for those industries, improving the industrial development potential of the community, and I identifying and comparing similar communities. The micro-computer base data system considers 118 economic development factors, assets, and deficiencies, labor force, tax rates, I highway access, and proximity to markets; and through a shifqshare analysis, the system can I demonstrate where there is statistical support for potential targets in similar communities which have had experience with the specific target. I Summarv Identifications I Through discussion with the Penn State College of Agriculture, and assessing the data base by computer, it has been determined that Wampum Borough is reported in the information

I contained in the system. Through assessing the data it was determined that the potential I markets for targeting include plastics, machine tools and dies, structural metal, commercial printing, metal bolts and wire, logging, cutlery and hand tools, paper containers, periodical

I publishing, grain and seed processing, meat packing, mobile homes and campers, leather I products, concrete block and coating and engraving. However, based on the shift/share I analysis and assessment of growth industries, it was further determined that the targets for the Wampum Borough area are plastics, machine tools and dies, structural metal, commercial I printing and metal bolts and wires. I % I I

I *Detailed listing of SIC contained in exhibits explain industry. I The following table depicts the identified target industries, SIC Code ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DATA BASE SYSTEM GRAPH

‘I E======I=E======E=p===E===Z=T==L======‘I Choice . . Industry Group *SIC #‘s Under Each Industry Group 1 . . . . Plastics 2821 2852 2891 2899, 2952,3031,3041 I .... 3069, 3079, 3199, 3292, 3592,3599, 3293 2 . . . . MachineTools and I . . . . Dies 3541, 3542, 3544, 3545, 3546,3547,3549 3 . . . . Structural Metals 3441, 3442, 3443, 3444, 3446,3448,3449 I 4 . . . . CommercialPrinting 2751, 2752, 2753, 2754, 2795 5 . . . . Metal Bolts and Wire 3411, 3412, 3451, 3452, 3465, 3466, 3469 I .... 3482, 3484, 3489, 3493, 3495, 3496 I 6 .... Logging 241 1 7 . . . . Cutlery & Hand Tools 3421, 3423, 3425, 3429

I 8 . . . . Paper Containers 2641, 2642, 2643, 2645, 2636, 2647, 2648, .... 2649, 2651, 2652, 2653, 2654, 2655

I 9 . . . . Periodical Publishing 2721, 2741

10 . . . . Gram & Seed Proc.~ss2033, 2034, 2035, 2037, 2038, 2043, 2045 I .... 2051, 2052, 2061, 2062, 2063, 2065, 2066, .... 2067, 2082, 2083, 2084, 2085, 2086, 2087

1 11 . . . . Meat Packing Plants 2011, 2013, 2032, 2047, 2048 12 . . . . MobileHomeand I . . . . Campers 2451, 3532, 3524, 3716, 3751, 3792, 3799 I 13 . . . . Leather Products 3111, 3131, 3142, 3143, 3144, 3149, 3151 .... 3171, 3161, 3172 1 14 . . . . ConcreteBlock

97 1 1 I . . . . and Brick 327 1 15 . . . . Coating & Engraving 3471, 3479 I I I I I I ‘I ‘I I I I I I I I 98 I SIC CODE REFERENCE LIST

I Advertisinn Sip

3%1 . . . Costume jewelry and costume novelties, except precious metal I 3%2 . . . Feathers, plumes and artificial trees and flowers 3963 . . . Buttons 3964 . . . Needles, pins, hooks and eyes, and similar notions I 3991 . . . Broomsandbrushes 3993 . . . Signs and advertising displays 3996 . . . Linoleum, asphaltic felt base and other hard surface floor coverings, not I . . . . elsewhere classified.

AG and Industrial Chemicals

2812 . . . Alkalies and chlorine 2813 . . . Industrialgases 2816 . . . Inorganic pigments 2822 . . . Synthetic rubber (vulcanizeable elastomers) 2823 . . . Cellulosic man-made fibers 2824 . . . Synthetic organic fibers, except cellulocis 2841 . . . Soap and other detergents, except speciality cleaners 2843 . . . Surface active agents, fiihing agents, sulfonated oils and assistants 2844 . . . Perfumes, cosmetics and other toilet preparations 2861 . . . Gum and wood chemicals I 2865 . . . Cyclic (coal tar) crudes and cyclic intermediates, dyes and organic pigments 2875 . . . Fertilizers, mix& only 2892 . . . Explosives I 2893 . . . Printing ink 2895 . . . Carbonblack

I Aluminum Foundries

3334 . . . Primary production of aluminum I 3353 . . . Aluminum sheet, plate and foil 3354 . . . Aluminum extruded products 3355 . . . Aluminum rolling and drawing, not elsewhere classified 3361 . . . Aluminum foundries (castings) 3369 . . . Nonferrous foundries (castings, not elsewhere classified 3398 . . . Metalheattreating 3399 . . . Primary metal products, not elsewhere classified 3463 . . . Nonferrous forging

I 99 I 1

I Apparel

231 1 . . . Men's,youths' and boys suits, coats and overcoats I 232 1 . . . Men's youths' and boys' shirts (except work shirts) and nightwear 2322 . . . Men's, youths' and boys underwear 2323 . . . Men's, youths' and boys neckwear I 2327 . . . Men's, youths' and boys' separate trousers 2328 . . . Men's, youths' and boys' work clothing 2329 . . . Men's, youths' and boys' clothing, not elsewhere classified II 2331 . . . Women's, misses and junior blouses, waists and shirts 2335 . . . Women's, misses and junior dresses 2337 . . . Women's, misses and junior suits, skirts and coats I 2338 . . . Women's, misses and junior outerwear, not elsewhere classified 2341 . . . Women's, misses and children's and infants underwear and nightwear I 2342 . . . Brassieres, girdles and allied garments 2351 . . . Millinery 2352 . . . Hats and caps, except millinery I 2361 . . . Girls', children's and infants' dresses, blouses, waists and shirts I 2363 . . . Girls', children's and infants' coats and suits 2369 . . . Girls', children's and infants outerwear, not elsewhere classified I 2371 . . . Fur goods 2381 . . . Dress and work gloves, except knit and all leather 2384 . . . Robes anddressing gowns I 2385 . . . Raincoats and other water-proof outer garments 2386 . . . Leather and sheep lined clothing 2387 . . . Apparelbelts I 2389 . . . Apparel and accessories, not elsewhere classified I Binding and Card Printing 2761 . . . Manifold business forms 2771 . . . Greeting card publishing I 2782 . . . Blankbooks, looseleaf binders and devices 2789 . . . Bookbinding and related work 2791 . . . Typesetting I 2793 . . . Photoengraving 2794 . . . Electrotypmg and stereotyping

I Book Publishing I 2731 . . . Boob, publishing and printing 2732 . . . Bookprinting I Broadwoven Fabric II I I

I 221 1 . . . Broad woven fabric mills, cotton 2221 . . . Broad woven fabric mills, man-made fiber and silk 2231 . . . Broad woven fabric mills, wool (including dyeing and finishing) I 2261 . . . Finishers of broad woven fabrics of cotton I 2262 . . . Finishers of broad woven fabrics of man-made fiber and silk I Burial Caskets 3915 . . . Penns, mechanical pencils and parts I 3995 . . . Burialcaskets Coatinn and Engraving I 3471 . . . Electroplating, plating, polishing, anodizing and coloring 3479 . . . Coating, engraving and allied service, not elsewhere classified I Commercial Printing 275 1 . . . Commercial printing, letterpress and screen I 2752 . . . Commercial printing, lithographic 2753 . . . Engraving and plate printing 2754 . . . Commercial printing, gravure I 2795 . . . Lithographic platemaking and related services I Concrete Block and Brick 3271 . . . Concrete block and brick

I Construction Equipment

3531 . . . Construction machinery and equipment I 3532 . . . Mining machinery and equipment, except oil field machinery and equipment 3533 . . . Oil field machinery and equipment 3534 Elevators and moving stairways I . . . 11 3535 . . . Conveyors and conveying equipment 3536 . . . Hoists, industrial cranes and monorail systems I 3537 . . . Industrial trucks, tractors, trailers and stackers I Copper Wire 3351 . . . Rolling, drawing and extruding of copper 3357 . . . Drawing and insulating of nonferrous wire I 3362 . . . Brass, bronze, copper, copperbase alloy foundries (castings) I 101 I I Cutlery and Hand Tools

3421 . . . Cutlery I 3423 . . . Hand and edge tools, except machine tools and band saws 2428 . . . Hand saws and saw blades I 2429 . . . Hardware, not elsewhere classified I 2831 . . . Biological products 2833 . . . Medicinal chemicals and botanical products I 2834 . . . Pharmaceuticalpreparations I Electronic Components 3674 . . Semiconductors and related devices 3675 . . . Electronic capacitors I 3676 . . . Resistors, for electronic applications 3677 . . . Electronic coils, transformers and other inductor 3678 . . . Connectors, for electronic applications I 3679 . . . Electronic components, not elsewhere classified I 351 1 . . . Steam, gas, hydraulic turbines and turbine generator set units I 3519 . . . Internal combustion engmes, not elsewhere classified Fabricated Textile Products

I 2391 . . . Curtains and draperies 2392 . . . Housefurnishings, except curtain and draperies 2393 . . . Textilebags I 2394 . . . Canvas and related products 2395 . . . Pleatmg, decorative and novelty stitching and tucking for the trade 23% . . . Automotive trimmings, apparel fmdings and related products I 2397 . . . Schiffili machine embroideries I 2399 . . . Fabricated textile products, not elsewhere classified Fish and Canned Smcialities I 2091 . . . Canned and cured fish and seafoods 2092 . . . Fresh or frozen packaged fish and seafoods I General Industrial Eaubment I 102 I I

I 356 1 . . . Pumps and pumping equipment 3562 . . . Ball and roller bearings 3563 . . . Air and gas compressor I 3564 . . . Blowers and exhaust and ventilation fans 3565 . . . Industrialpatterns I 3566 . . . Speed changers, industrial high speed drives and gears 3567 . . . Industrial process furnaces and ovens 3568 . . . Mechanical power transmission equipment, not elsewhere classified I 3569 . . . General industrial machinery and equipment, not elsewhere classified I Glass and Glassware 3211 . . . Flat glass 3229 . . . Pressed and blown glass and glassware, not elsewhere classified I 3231 . . . Glass products, made of purchased glass I Grain and Seed Processmq 2033 . . . Canned fruits, vegetable, preserves, jams and jellies 2034 . . . Dried &hydrated fruits, vegetables and soup mixes I 2035 . . . Pickled fruits and vegetables, vegetables sauces and seasonings, and salad .... dreSShgS 2037 . . . Frozen fruits, fruit juices and vegetables I 2038 . . . Frozen specialities 2043 . . . Cereal breakfast foods 2045 . . . Blended and prepared flour I 2051 . . . Bread and other bakery products, except cookies and crackers 2052 . . . Cookies and crackers 2061 . . . Cane sugar, except refrning only I 2062 . . . Cane sugar refuling 2063 . . . Beet sugar 2065 . . . Candy and other confectionery products I 2066 . . . Chocolate and coca products 2067 . . . Chewing gum I 2082 . . . Malt beverages 2083 . . . Malt 2084 . . . Wines, brandy and brandy spirits I 2085 . . . Distilled, rectified, and blended liquors 2086 . . . Bottled and canned soft drinks and carbonated waters I 2087 . . . Flavoring extracts and flavoring syrups, not elsewhere classified Gray Iron Foundries

I 3312 . . . Blast furnaces (including coke ovens), steel works and rolling mills I 103 I 3313 . . . Electrometallurical products 3315 . . . Steel wire drawing and steel nails and spikes 3316 . . . Cold rolled steel sheet, strip and bars 3317 . . . Steel pipes and tubes 3321 . . . Gray iron foundries 3322 . . . Malleable iron foundries 3324 . . . Steelinvestment foundries 3325 . . . Steel foundries, not elsewhere classified 3462 . . . Ironandsteel forging

Hardwood Flooring

2426 . . . Hardwood dimension and flooring mills 2512 . . . Wood household furniture, upholstered

I Heatinn and Plumbing I 3432 . . . Plumbing fixture fittings and trim (brass goods) 3433 . . . Heating equipment, except electric and warm air furnaces I 3485 . . . Air conditioning and warm air heating equipment and commercial and industrial Heatinn and Plumbinst Fixtures I 3431 . . . Enameled iron and metal sanitaryware I Household Appliances 3623 . . . Welding apparatus, electric 3624 . . . Carbon and graphite products 3632 . . . Household refrigerators and home and arm freezers 3634 . . . Electric housewares and fans 3635 . . . Household vacuum cleaners 3636 . . . Sewing machines 3639 . . . Household appliances, not elsewhere classified 3641 ... Electric lamps 3643 . . . Current-carrying wiring devices 3644 . . . Noncurrent-carrying wiring devices 3645 . . . Residential electric lighting fixtures 3646 . . . Commercial, industrial and institutional electric lighting fixtures 3647 . .. Vehicular li@tning equipment 3648 . . . Lighting equipment, not elsewhere classified 3652 . . . Phonograph records and pre = recorded magnet tape 3691 . . . Storage batteries 3692 . . . Primary batteries, dry and wet

104 391 1 . . . Jewelry, precious metal 3914 . . . Silverware, plated ware and stainless steelware 3931 . . . Musical instruments

Lead Smeltinq

3221 . . . Glass containers 3332 . . . Primary smelting and refining of lead

Leather Products

3111 . . . Leather tanning and finishing 3 131 . . . Boot and shoe cut stock and findings 3143 . . . Men's footwear, except athletic 3142 . . . House slippers 3144 . . . Women's footwear, except athletic 3149 . . . Footwear, except rubber, not elsewhere classified I 3151 . . . Leather gloves and mittens 3 171 . . . Women's handbags and purses 3161 . . . Luggage I 3172 . . . Personal leather goods, except women's handbags and purses

241 1 . . . Logging camps and logging contractors

Machine Tools and Dies

3541 . . . Machine tools, metal cutting types 3542 . . . Machine tools, metal forming types 3544 . . . Special dies and tools, die sets, jigs, and fixtures and industrial molds 3545 . . . Machine tool accessories and measuring devices 3546 . . . Power drive hand tools 3547 . . . Rolling mill machinery and equipment 3549 . . . Metalworking machinery, not elsewhere classified

MeasurinP Instruments

381 1 . . . Engineering, laboratory, scientific and research instruments and associated . . . . equipment 3822 . . . Automatic controls for regulating residential and commercial environments

105 3823 . . . Industrial instruments for measurement, display and control of process . . . . variables 3824 . . . Totalizing fluid meters and counting devices I 3829 . . . Measuring and controlling devices, not elsewhere classified 3841 . . . Surgical and medical instruments and apparatus 3842 . . . Orthopedic, prosthetic and surgical appliances and supplies I 3843 . . . Dental equipment and supplies 3851 . . . Ophthalmic goods 3861 . . . Photographic equipment and supplies I 3873 . . . Watches, clocks, clockwork operated devices and parts I Meat Packine; Plants 2013 . . . Sausages and other prepared meat products I 2032 . . . Cannedspecialities 2047 . . . Dog, cat and other pet foods 2048 . . . Prepared feed and feed ingredients for animals and fowls, not elsewhere I . . . . classified I Metal Bolts and Wire 3411 . . . Metalcans 3412 . . . Metal shipping barrels, drums, kegs and pails I 3451 . . . Screw machine products 3452 . . . Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets and washers 3465 . . . Automotive stamping I 3466 . . . Crownsandclosures 3469 . . . Metal stamping, not elsewhere classified 3482 . . . Smallarmsammunition I 3489 . . . Ordnance and accessories, not elsewhere classified 3493 . . . Steel springs, except wire 3495 . . . Wiresprjngs I 3496 . . . Miscellaneous fabricated wire products I Metal Household Furniture 2514 . . . Metal household furniture I 2519 . . . Household furniture, not elsewhere classified I Metal Office Furniture 2515 . . . Mattresses and bedsprings 2521 . . . Wood office furniture I 2522 . . . Metaloffice fumiture I 106 I ‘I 2531 . . . Public building and related furniture 2541 . . . Wood partitions, shelving, lockers and office and store fixtures 2542 . . . Metal partitions, shelving, lockers and office and store f.twes I 2591 . . . Drapery hardware and Window blinds and shades 2599 . . . Furniture and fixtures, not elsewhere classified

I Military Tanks I 3795 . . . Tanhsandtanlccmp~ts I Miscellaneous Foods 2074 . . . Cottanseedoilmills 2011 . . . Meatpacking plants I 2075 . . . Soybeanoilmills 2076 . . . Vegetable oil mills, except corn, cottonseed and soybean 2077 . . . Animal and marine fat and oils I 2079 . . . Shortening, table oils, margarine and other edible fats and oils 2095 . . . Roastedcoffee 2097 . . . Manufacturedice I 2098 . . . Macaroni, spaghetti, vermicelli and noodles 2099 . . . Food preparations, not elsewhere classified I I 3999 . . . Manufacturing mdustries, not elsewhere classified Miscellaneous Metal

I 3497 . . . Metal foilandleaf 3498 . . . Fabricated pipe and fabricated pipe fittings 3499 . . . Fabricated metal products, not elsewhere classified I I Miscellaneous Metal Products

I 3494 . . . Valves and pipe fittings, except plumbers brass goods

Miscellaneous Textiles I‘I 2269 . . . Finishers of textiles, not elsewhere classified I 2271 . . . Woven carpets and rugs 2272 . . . Tufted carpets and rugs 2279 . . . Carpets and rugs, not elsewhere classified I 2281 . . . Yarn spinning mills, cotton, man-made fibers and silk I 107 I I

I 2282 . . . Yam texturizing, throwing, twisting and winding mills, cotton, man-made . . . . fibers and silks 2283 . . . Yarn mills, wool, including carpet and rug yarn I 2284 . . . Threadmills 2291 . . . Felt goods, except woven felts and hats 2292 . . . lace goods I 2293 . . . Paddings and upholstery filling 2294 . . . Processed waste and recovered fibers and flock 2295 . . . Coated fabrics, not rubberized I 2296 . . . Tire cord and fabric 2297 . . . Nonwoven fabrics I 2298 . . . Cordage and twine 2299 . . . Textiles goods, not elsewhere classified I Miscellaneous Wood Products 2448 . . . Woodpalletsandskids I 2492 . . . Particleboard 3483 . . . Ammunition, except for small arms, not elsewhere classified 371 1 . . . Motor vehicles and passenger car bodies I 3713 . . . Truckand bus bodies 3714 . . . Truck trailers 3724 . . . Aircraft engines and engine parts I 3728 . . . Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, not elsewhere classified 3761 . . . Guided missiles and space vehicles 3769 . . . Guided missiles and space vehicle parts and auxiliary equipment, not I . . . . elsewhere classified 3721 . . . AircraR I 3764 . . . Guided missile and space vehicle propulsion units and propulsion unit parts Narrow Fabric

I 224 1 . . . Narrow fabrics and other small-wire mills, cotton, wool, silk and man-made . . . . fiber 2251 . . . Women’s full length and knee length hosiery I 2252 . . . Hosiery, except women’s full length and knee length hosiery 2253 . . . Knitouterwear mills I 2254 . . . Knit underwear mills 2257 . . . Circular knit fabric mills 2258 . . . Warp knit fabricmills I 2259 . . . Knitting mills, not elsewhere classified I NewsDaDer Publishing I 108 I 271 1 . . . Newspaper, publishing, publishing and printing I Nonferrous Smelting 3341 . . . Secondary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals 3356 . . . Rolling, drawing and extruding of nonferrous metals, except copper and I . . . . aluminum I Other Concrete Products I 3272 . . . Concrete products, except block and brick Pauer Containers ‘I 2641 . . . Paper coating and glazing 2642 . . . Envelopes 2643 . . . Bags, except textile bags I 2645 . . . Die-cut paper and paperboard and cardboard 2499 . . . Wood products, not elsewhere classified

Mobile Homes and Campers 2451 . . . Mobile hams 2523 . . . Farm machinery and equipment 3524 . . . Garden tractors and lawn and garden eqqment 375 1 . . . Motorcycles, bicycles and parts 3792 . . . Travel trailers and campers 3799 . . Transportation equipment, not elsewhere classified

Motor Vehicles

2646 . . . Pressed and molded pulp goods I 2647 . . . Sanitarypaperproducts 2648 . . . Stationary, tablets and related products 2649 . . . Converted paper and paperboard products, not elsewhere classified I 265 1 . . . Poldingpaperboardboxes 2652 . . . Set-up paperboardboxes I 2653 . . . Corrugated and solid fiber boxes 2654 . . . Sanitary food containers I 2655 . . . Fiber ms, tube, drums and similar products Paper Mills

2611 . . . Pulpmills

109 1

I 2621 . . . Paper mills, except building paper milts 2631 . . . Paperboard mills I 2661 . . . Building paper and building board mills Periodical Publishing

I 2721 . . . Periodicals, publishing, publishing and printing 2741 . . . Miscellaneous publishing

I Plastics I 2821 . . . Plastics materials, synthetic resins and nonvulcanizable elastomers 2851 . . . Paints, varnishes, lacquers, enamels and allied products 2891 . . . Adhesives and sealants I 2899 . . . Chemicals and chemical preparations, not elsewhere classified 2952 . . . Asphalt felts and coatings 3021 . . . Rubber and plastics footwear I 3041 . . . Rubber and plastics hose and belting 3069 . . . Fabricated rubber products, not elsewhere classifled 3076 . . . Miscellaneousplasticsproducts I 3199 . . . Leather goods, not elsewhere classified 3292 . . . Asbestos products 3293 . . . Gaskets, packing and sealing devices I 3592 . . . Carburetors, pistons, piston rings and valves 3599 . . . Machinery, except electrical, not elsewhere classifiid

1 Poultry and Dairy Products 2016 . . . Poultry dressingplants I 2017 . . . Poultry and egg processing 2021 . . . Creamery butter 2022 . . . Cheese, natural and processed I 2023 . . . Condensed and evaporated milk 2024 . . . Ice cream and frozen desserts 2026 . . . Fluidmilk I 2041 . . . Flour and other grain mill products 2044 . . . Ricemilling I 2046 . . . Wetcornmilling I Radio, T.V.. and Telephones 3612 . . . Power, distribution and speciality transformers 3613 . . . Switchgear and switchboard apparatus I 3621 . . . Motors and generators I 110 I 3622 . . . Industrialcontrols 3629 . . . Electrical industrial apparatus, not elsewhere classified 3631 . . . Household cooking equipnent 3651 . . . Radio and television receiving sets, except communications types 3661 . . . Telephone and telegraph apparatus 3662 . . . Radio and television transmittingysignalling and detection and apparatus 3671 . . . Radio and television receiving type electron tubes, except cathode ray 3672 . . . Cathode ray television picture tubes 3673 . . . Transmitting, industrial and special purpose electron tubes 3693 . . . Radiographic x-ray, fluoroscopic x-ray, therapeutic x-ray and other x-ray .... aPFaW 3694 . . . Electrical equipment for internal combustion engines 3699 . . . Electrical machinery,equipment and supplies, not elsewhere classified 3832 . . . Optical instruments and lenses

Ready Mix Concrete

3273 . . . Ready-mixedconcrete

Refined Petroleum

291 1 . . . Petroleum ref- 2951 . . . Paving mixtures and blocks 2999 . . . Products of petroleum and coal, not elsewhere classified 2992 . . . Lubricating oils and greases

Sawmills

2421 . . . Sawmills and planing mills,general

Service Machines

3572 . . . Typewriters 3573 . . . Electronic computing equipment 3574 . . . Calculating and accounting machines, except electronic computing equipment 3576 ... Scales and balances, except laboratory 3579 . . . Office machines, not elsewhere classified 3581 . . . Automatic merchandising machines 3582 . . . Commercial laundry, dry cleaning and pressing machines 3586 . . . Measuring and dispensing pumps 3589 . . . Service industry machines, not elsewhere classified 3633 . . . Household laundry equipment

111 1

I 3731 . . . Ship building and repahkg 3732 . . . Boat building and repairing I 3742 . . . Railroadequipment

I 3551 . . . Food products machinery 3552 . . . Textilemachinery I 3553 . . . Woodworkingmachinery 3554 . . . Paper industries machinery 3555 . . . Printing trades machinery and equipment I 3559 . . . Special industry machinery, not elsewhere classified I Specialized Sawmills 2429 . . . Special product sawmills, not elsewhere classified I 2491 . . . Wood preserving Sporting Goods

I 3942 . . . Dolls 3944 . . . Games, toys and children's vehicles, except dolls and bicycles 3949 . . . Sporting and athletic goods, not elsewhere classified I 3951 . . . Pens, mechanical pencils and parts 3952 . . . Lead pencils, crayons and artists materials 3953 . . . Marking devices I 3955 . . . Carbon paper and inked ribbons I Stone and Clay Products 3241 . . . Cement, hydraulic 3251 . . . Brick and structural clay tile I 3253 . . . Ceramic wall and floor tile 3259 . . . Structural clay products, not elsewhere classified I 3261 . . , Vitreous china plumbing fixtures and china and earthenware fitthgs and . . . . bathroom 3262 . . . Vitreous china table and kitchen articles 11 3263 . . . Fine earthenware (whiteware) table and kitchen articles 3264 . . . Porcelain electrical supplies 3269 . . . Pottery products, not elsewhere classified 3274 . . . Lime 3275 . . . Gypsum products 3281 . . . Cut stone and stone products 3291 . . . Abrasive products

112 1

I 3295 . . . Minerals and earths, grounds or otherwise treated 3296 . . . Mineral wool 3297 . . . Ncmclay refractories I 3299 . . . Nonmetallic mineral products, not elsewhere classified I Structural Metal 3441 ... Fabricated structural metal I 3442 . . . Metal doors, sash, frames, molding and trim 3443 . . . Fabricated plate work (boiler shops) 3444 . . . Sheet metal work I 3446 . . . Architectural and ornamental metal work 3448 . . . Prefabricated metal buildmgs and components I 3449 ... Miscellaneous metal work Tires

I 3011 . . . Tires and inner tubes 3031 . . . Reclaimed rubber 1 Tobacco

2111 . . . Cigarettes ~I 2121 . . . Cigars 2131 . . . Tobacco (chewing and smoking) and snuff ‘I 2141 . . . Tobacco stemming and redrymg Wood Furniture

I 2431 . . . Millwork 2434 . . . Woodkitchencabmets 251 1 . . . Wood household furniture, except upholstered I 2517 . . . Wood television, radio, phonograph and sewing machine cabinets I Wood Veneer and Containers 2435 . . . Hardwood veneer and plywood I 2436 . . . Softwood veneer and plywood 2439 . . . Structural wood members, not elsewhere classified 2441 . . . Nailed and lock comer wood boxes and shook ~I 2452 . . . Prefabricated wood buildings and components 2449 . . . Wood containers, not elsewhere classified I Zinc Smelting I 113 I 3331 . . . Primary smelting and refining of copper 3333 . . . Primary smelting and refining of zinc 3339 . . . Primary smelting and refining of nonferrous metals, not elsewhere classified

1 14 I I INVENTORY OF AREA BUSINESSES I (industrial fms are indicated) .... I Anderson Pallet Lauretta Capots Duncan's Kitchens Terry M. Bailq, Dr. Box 515 . Box 2359A Box 93 Box 5% 1' Wampum 16157-515 Wampum 16157 Wmp~m16157-0093 Wampum, 16157 ~I Chappell Const. Taleywackers Ciletti Beauty Shop Lamont Associates RR 2 Box 2507 Box 774 RR 1 Box 160 Box 586 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157-0774 New Galilee 16141 Wampum 16157-586 Bell's Co. RR1 Box 1344 Ferrante Uphol.&Car.Elio's Place 1 1079 Main St. Wampum 16157 Box 586 Box 728 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157-0586 Wampum 16157-0728 I ABC Home Health Freed's Auto Uphol Bianchi Catering Curry's Garage RR 2 Box 2377 RR2 Box 2523 Box 728 Box 477 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157-728 Wamp~m16157-0477

I Galazia Home Cen. Boyer Farm Daltan Sanitary Svc. Integra Bank/North RR2 Box 2144 RR1 Box290 RR2 Box 2252 Box 67 I Wampum 16157 New Galilee 16141 Wan~p~m16157 Wamp~m 16157-0067

Breakaway Tours Daniels & Ass. Medusa Cement Co. Stonecrest Golf Course I Box 95 . . Box 125 2001 Portland Park Box 568 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Developer of Grinnen Dairy Byers Trucking Doherty Health Care I Forest Products snacks RR2 Box 2456 RR2 Box 2433 RR1 Box 1349 RR2 Box 2502 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Grinnen Last Stand Caplan Scrap Co. Dr. John Durovich Custom Wood Builders RR2 Box 2470A Box 28 920 Clyde Street RR2 Box 2531 I Wampum 16157 Beaver Falls 15010 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I 115 I I

I Patterson Freight Gardwell Products Alarm Corp Doren Inc. RR2 Box 2547 Box 7 RR2 Box 2140A Box 55 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157

Wampum Motel Vitril Auto Service Mike Pope, Jr. Shallenberger Maso Tha I 6 Pittsburgh Circle Box 485 Box 167 RRl Box 1152 Ellwood City 16117 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157

I ... Sha Naz Inc. Cliff Watson Porter Auto Sales Box 365 Carousel Miniature Golf Box 2259A RR1 Box 1380 West Pitts.16160 RR2 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I Rock Point Farm Nail & Hair Gallery J&L Youngblood Pav. Century 21 Realtors 1901 WampumRd. RR2 Box2357 RR2 Box 2506 Box 562 I Ellwoodcity 16117 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157

Wampum hnprov. Zelic's Sewer Peggy's Floral Heritage Co. I' RR2 Box 2357 Box 771 Box 492 Box 462 II Wampum 16157 Ellwood City 16117 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Favors For You St. John Electric Stabryla Auto Sales RR2 Box 2020 8th Street RR1 Box 1278 RR1 Box 1158 Wampum 16157 I West Pitts. 16160 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157

Stanyard's Auto Re. Tony's Auto Sales I RRlBox 300 RR2 Box 2148D Carolyn's Beauty Stuble's Auto Repair New Galilee 16141 Wampum 16157 RR1 Box 100s RR2 Box 2435 .... Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 ,II

Scala's Barber Shop Tita Machine&Tool Hardy Trucking Inc. Kozy R Farm IB Box236 . Box T RR2 Box 2028 Hidden Valley Kennel Wampum 16157 Koppel 16136 Wampum 16157 RR1 Box 1290 'I .... Wampum 16157 McConahy Mounts Hartman Silkscreen Wampum Market McConnel Acct. Svc. I Box 548 . Box 832 Box 827 RR2 Box 2448 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I I 116 I I

I .... Kotuby Auto Body Universal Refractors Houk's Blacksmithmg Hickman Willimas RR1 Box 1019 Box 97 RRl Box 1046 RR2 Box 2140A Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I Wampum 16157

I Kozol Vending McMillan Engineers Householder Beauty Curry & McMillin RR1 Box 148 RR1 Box 1193 RR1 Box 305 RR1 Box 1194A I New Galliee 16141 Wampum 16157 New Galilee 16141 Wampum 16157

Hunter Greenhouse Dave Lias Auctioneer & Donna Kuiken Jackson Farms I RR2 Box 2519 RR2 Box 2067 Baskets & Brass RR1 Box 299 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 RR2 Box 2516 New Galilee 16141 I .... Wampum 16157

I Western PA Million's Auto Jereb Industries Marshall Funeral Home Rubber & Supply Wrecking RR1 Box 1274 Box 25 Box 98 . . RR1 Box 1406 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157

I Presto Printing Kayafas Insurance Wampum Industrial Nativio Beauty Box 441 . Box 37 Box 486 Box 758 I Koppel 16136 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Kerry Brothers RR2 Box 2139 Matus Sales & Ser. Newton's Guns Bruce's Welding I Wampum 16157 RR2 Box 2452 RI~Box 2406 Box 712 .... Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 Wampum 16157 I Wampum Post Of. Ben Penella Garage Box 9998 RR1 Box 363 I Wampum 16157 New Galilee 16141 I I I I 117 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 118 People Completing Survey

I-

This graph shows the breakdown of survey responddents by sex. 38 percent male, 48%female and 11 percent couples.

Diagram 3 1 I W I Employment I

I Howewl le 1 I Ernployod I 1 I- I

I Of the residents surveyed 37% were retirod, 249 woco housewives, 27% were employed and 13% did not respond. I I I ‘I I w Ages Represented I lQ-2b

20-60

A wide range of age groups was represented by the survey. I Only adults were questioned, but they represented a total of 161 people. There are currently 666 residents of Wampum according to the 1990 census.

I ' support

n I / No Oplnlon 0 Unfavbrable 1

I-' I,

This qraph shows support for new businesses in the Wampum 1 area. A total of 63 people completed the survey. 83% favored new business in Wampum. Only two people refused to answer the survey. I- - Need8

I Favorable 4Q 2

Unfavoteble 2

This graph shows that 78% of those surveyed said they would support a new store in Wampum. The question was asked with the assumption of competitive pricing and variety.

I Diagram 5 I What the needs are. 1- Number of people

I 4 Oeneral Morohandlre I Clot hlng I I I I I Hardware I Lawn iOarden Hobby I Outdoor Spor tr oitto a TOYS I Rortaurant I I Flea Market Uoed Clothlng I Vldeo Rental Arcade I 0 10 20 30 40 60 60 70 I.- 1 I I

I This graph shows the number of people who responded positively to the question, "Which of these stores would you support in Wampum?" The question was asked assuming pricing to be competitive and variety to be the same as 1 el8ewhere. The conclusions show that a general merchandise store, I hardware store or restaurant would be well received. I

(iagram 6 .'-- 1. I ., lv I* 3-11-91 Results of survey of Wampum I A total of sixty-three surveys were completed by Wampum residents between January 28 and February 15, 1990. I would like to thank and commend the people of Wampum for I their aupport, their kindness and their helpfulness. I was well received and the kindness did not go unnoticec!. One thing I learned from the survey is that the people of Wampum I are good, decent folk with whom I would like to be associated. The enclosed graphs will indicate the results of my survey. I I hope the survey will be of use to you and the borough. Diagram fl shows the breakdown of age groups represented by I the survey. Diagram #2 shows the respondents separated by employment. Diagram 43 shows a breakdown by sex of the respondents. you might notice it was rather evenly divided. I- Diagram I4 shows that 83% of those questioned want new business in Wampum. Diagram #5 shows 78% believe their is a need for business in 1 Wampum. Diagram #6 shows that a general store, hardware store or I restaurant would be well received. Once again I would like to express my thanks and appreciation to borough residents who treated me so kindly and helped me I to present this information to you. Thank you. I Cordially, 1 Betty Bair I I 1- encl: survey results