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Proceedings of the 2Nd Media Architecture Biennale Conference: World Cities Proceedings of the 2nd Media Architecture Biennale Conference: World Cities 2014, Aarhus, Denmark MAB14 Conference Chair: Dr. Martin Brynskov Program Chairs: Dr. Peter Dalsgaard & Ava Fatah gen Schieck Sponsor: Aarhus University & The Media Architecture Institute The Association for Computing Machinery 2 Penn Plaza, Suite 701 New York New York 10121-0701 ACM COPYRIGHT NOTICE. Copyright © 2012 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers, or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from Publications Dept., ACM, Inc., fax +1 (212) 869-0481, or [email protected]. For other copying of articles that carry a code at the bottom of the first or last page, copying is permitted provided that the per-copy fee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, +1-978-750-8400, +1-978-750-4470 (fax). ACM ISBN: 978-1-4503-3302-3 Proceedings of the 2nd Media Architecture Biennale Conference: World Cities DIY Media Architecture: Open and Participatory Approaches to 1 Community Engagement Glenda Amayo Caldwell and Marcus Foth The Empire State Building and the Roles of Low-Resolution Media 11 Façades in a Data Society Dave Colangelo City Bug Report: Urban Prototyping as Participatory Process and 21 Practice Henrik Korsgaard and Martin Brynskov Community Is the Message: Viewing Networked Public Displays Through 30 McLuhan’s Lens of Figure and Ground Nemanja Memarovic, Marc Langheinrich and Ava Fatah gen. Schieck Media in Built Environments: The Technologies of Mediatization 34 James Miller Over the Rainbow: Information Design for Low-Resolution Urban 40 Displays Dietmar Offenhuber and Susanne Seitinger Urban Echoes: Adaptive and Communicative Urban Lighting in the 48 Virtual and the Real Henrika Pihlajaniemi, Toni Österlund and Aulikki Herneoja Aesthetics of Urban Media Façades 58 Gavin Sade Probing the Network: Architecturality of Wireless Infrastructure 68 Selena Savic Situations of Presence: Reclaiming public space in the urban digital 78 gallery Tanya Toft Designing with the Immaterial 84 Ben van Berkel, Astrid Piber and Filippo Lodi Investigating Multi-User Interactions on Interactive Media Façades 92 Alexander Wiethoff, Thomas Bauer and Sven Gehring Critical Perspectives on Media Architecture 101 Karolina M. Zielinska-Dabkowska Proceedings of the 2nd Media Architecture Biennale Conference: World Cities Program Chairs Peter Dalsgaard, Aarhus University, Denmark Ava Fatah gen Schieck, University College London, UK Program Committee Adrian Friday, Lancaster University, UK Alexander Wiethoff, University of Munich, Germany Andrew Vande Moere, University of Sydney/KU Leuven, Australia/Belgium Ava Fatah gen Schieck, University College London, UK Christian Ulrik Andersen, Aarhus University, Denmark Dietmar Offenhuber, MIT, USA Ethel Baraona Pohl, dpr-Barcelona, Spain Jamie Allen, Copenhagen Institute of Interaction Design, Denmark Jason Kelly Johnson, Future Cities Lab, USA Jens Gehlhaar, University of Weimar, Germany Katharine Willis, Plymouth University, UK Kim Halskov, University of Aarhus, Denmark Lone Koefoed Hansen, Aarhus University, Denmark M Hank Haeusler, University of New South Waler, Australia Marcus Foth, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Martin Brynskov, Aarhus University, Denmark Martin Tomitsch, University of Sydney, Australia Martijn de Waal, The Mobile City, The Netherlands Meredith Martin, University of Melbourne, Australia Michael Smyth, Edinburgh Napier University, UK Nick Taylor, University of Dundee, UK Peter Dalsgaard, Aarhus University, Denmark Scott McQuire, University of Melbourne, Australia Susanne Seitinger, Philips Color Kinetics, MIT, USA Søren Pold, University of Aarhus, Denmark Time Ojala, University of Oulu, Finland DIY Media Architecture: Open and Participatory Approaches to Community Engagement Glenda Amayo Caldwell Marcus Foth Urban Informatics Research Lab Urban Informatics Research Lab Queensland University of Technology Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia Brisbane QLD 4000, Australia [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT According to Brynskov et al. [6: p. 1-2], “Media Architecture is Media architecture’s combination of the digital and the physical an overarching concept that covers the design of physical can trigger, enhance, and amplify urban experiences. In this spaces at architectural scale incorporating materials with paper, we examine how to bring about and foster more open and dynamic properties that allow for dynamic, reactive or participatory approaches to engage communities through media interactive behavior. These materials are often digital, but not architecture by identifying novel ways to put some of the always, and they allow architects and (interaction) designers to creative process into the hands of laypeople. We review create spatial contexts for situations using a variety of technical, spatial, and social aspects of DIY phenomena with a modalities.” Media façades are a typical example of media view to better understand maker cultures, communities, and architecture, i.e., building surfaces that can display purposeful practices. We synthesise our findings and ask if and how media information using, e.g., light or projected animations to express architects as a community of practice can encourage the ‘open- changing moods of the occupants of a building. In this paper, we sourcing’ of information and tools allowing laypeople to not explore the coming together of the three main elements in the only participate but become active instigators of change in their creative process of developing Media Architecture: the tangible own right. We argue that enabling true DIY practices in media platforms (façades and other physical material); digital media architecture may increase citizen control. Seeking design (smart phone, screen applications, etc.), and; design approaches. strategies that foster DIY approaches, we propose five areas for In doing so, we examine how to bring about and foster more further work and investigation. The paper begs many questions open and participatory approaches to engage communities, and indicating ample room for further research into DIY Media which part of the creative process depends on the craft and Architecture. technical skill of experts. We are interested in identifying novel ways to put some of the creative process into the hands of Categories and Subject Descriptors laypeople, and in investigating the impact this may have on Human-centered computing~Interaction design theory, concepts community engagement and citizen control. and paradigms; Applied computing~Architecture (buildings); This paper first explores DIY(do it yourself) and DIWO (do it Applied computing~Media arts with others) phenomena by looking closer at three categories of approaches and practices: DIY in technical domains (section 2), Keywords spatial domains (3), and social domains (4). We review and Media architecture; do it yourself; DIY; do it with others; analyse each area to then synthesise our findings to propose a DIWO; maker culture; participation; engagement; citizen control variation of Media Architecture that we call DIY Media 1. INTRODUCTION Architecture. We examine some of the commonalities that may bring these related DIY fields together and what motivates the The discipline of Media Architecture is developing and growing DIY cultures, communities, and practices. The aim of this paper as designers, architects, and planners realise the practice and is to animate and contribute towards a wider discourse. We ask promise that the combination of digital media and architecture if and how media architects as a community of practice should can provide to enhance the experience of the built environment. encourage and foster to ‘open-source’ our tools and approaches Not only do the professionals in these disciplines need to in order for laypeople to not only participate but become active consider how to incorporate the use of technology into the instigators of change in their own right. development of their profession, but they need to understand how technology can be used to improve how people engage with 2. TECHNICAL DIY: MAKER CULTURE the built environment. In his book “Making is Connecting,” Gauntlett [19] discusses the shift from Web 1.0 to 2.0 as becoming a “communal Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for allotment” where the ability to share information, ideas, and personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are creations became a reality encouraging participation and not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that collaboration. “Rather than just seeing the internet as a copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be broadcast channel, which brings an audience to a website (the honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or ‘1.0’ model), Web 2.0 invites users in to play. Sites such
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