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Mccarthy.Pdf
HISTORY OF LISP John McCarthy A rtificial Intelligence Laboratory Stanford University 1. Introduction. 2. LISP prehistory - Summer 1956 through Summer 1958. This paper concentrates on the development of the basic My desire for an algebraic list processing language for ideas and distinguishes two periods - Summer 1956 through artificial intelligence work on the IBM 704 computer arose in the Summer 1958 when most of the key ideas were developed (some of summer of 1956 during the Dartmouth Summer Research Project which were implemented in the FORTRAN based FLPL), and Fall on Artificial Intelligence which was the first organized study of AL 1958 through 1962 when the programming language was During this n~eeting, Newell, Shaa, and Fimon described IPL 2, a implemented and applied to problems of artificial intelligence. list processing language for Rand Corporation's JOHNNIAC After 1962, the development of LISP became multi-stranded, and different ideas were pursued in different places. computer in which they implemented their Logic Theorist program. There was little temptation to copy IPL, because its form was based Except where I give credit to someone else for an idea or on a JOHNNIAC loader that happened to be available to them, decision, I should be regarded as tentatively claiming credit for It and because the FORTRAN idea of writing programs algebraically or else regarding it as a consequence of previous decisions. was attractive. It was immediately apparent that arbitrary However, I have made mistakes about such matters in the past, and subexpressions of symbolic expressions could be obtained by I have received very little response to requests for comments on composing the functions that extract immediate subexpresstons, and drafts of this paper. -
©2007 Melissa Tracey Brown ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
©2007 Melissa Tracey Brown ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ENLISTING MASCULINITY: GENDER AND THE RECRUITMENT OF THE ALL-VOLUNTEER FORCE by MELISSA TRACEY BROWN A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Political Science written under the direction of Leela Fernandes and approved by ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey October, 2007 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Enlisting Masculinity: Gender and the Recruitment of the All-Volunteer Force By MELISSA TRACEY BROWN Dissertation Director: Leela Fernandes This dissertation explores how the US military branches have coped with the problem of recruiting a volunteer force in a period when masculinity, a key ideological underpinning of military service, was widely perceived to be in crisis. The central questions of this dissertation are: when the military appeals to potential recruits, does it present service in masculine terms, and if so, in what forms? How do recruiting materials construct gender as they create ideas about soldiering? Do the four service branches, each with its own history, institutional culture, and specific personnel needs, deploy gender in their recruiting materials in significantly different ways? In order to answer these questions, I collected recruiting advertisements published by the four armed forces in several magazines between 1970 and 2003 and analyzed them using an interpretive textual approach. The print ad sample was supplemented with television commercials, recruiting websites, and media coverage of recruiting. The dissertation finds that the military branches have presented several versions of masculinity, including both transformed models that are gaining dominance in the civilian sector and traditional warrior forms. -
Flexible Supply Chain Simulation
J. Manuel Feliz-Teixeira Flexible Supply Chain Simulation Thesis 01 MARCH 2006 Text submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor in Sciences of Engineering Supervisor António E. S. Carvalho Brito Advisor Richard Saw RESEARCH SPONSORED BY THE: THROUGH THE: PUBLISHER: Publindústria® Produção de Comunicação, Lda. EUROPEAN UNION European Social Fund (III framework) Copyright: Ó J. Manuel Feliz-Teixeira All rights reserved First Edition: Porto, 1 March 2006 ISBN: 972-8953-04-6 Legal deposit: 239362/06 Original cover art: Jorge Pereira Publisher: Publindústria, Produção de Comunicação Pr. Da Corujeira, 38 – Apt.3825 4300-144 Porto Portugal Tel: +351.22.589.96.20 Fax: +351.22.589.96.29 Email: [email protected] URL: http://www.publindustria.pt Flexible Supply Chain Simulation Thesis J. Manuel Feliz-Teixeira* 01 March 2006 Text submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor in Sciences of Engineering Supervisor: António E. S. Carvalho Brito Advisor: Richard Saw Research sponsored by the: European Social Fund (III framework) Through the: * Complete name: José Manuel Feliz Dias Teixeira i To my mother and my father, and my old professors of Physics. J. Manuel Feliz-Teixeira IMPORTANT NOTE: NOTA IMPORTANTE: The contents of this text are registered with the Portuguese Society of Authors and protected by the law of intellectual rights, including the copyright. No reproductions or publications are allowed without the expressed permission of the author. O conteúdo desta tese encontra-se registado na Sociedade Portuguesa de Autores e está protegido pela lei geral e específica dos direitos de autor, morais e patrimoniais (copyright). Não é permitida qualquer reprodução ou publicação sem o expresso consentimento do autor. -
Computer Programming 1
Computer programming 1 Computer Programming Copyright © Milo Except where noted, all text is copyright Milo. Unless otherwise specified, all materials in this book are owned by the original copyright holder. PDF version of October 2007 This PDF is version 0 from 14 October 2007. The intent of this free downloadable college text book is to attempt to directly help poor and middle class students with the high cost of college text books by providing a high quality free alternative that can be used in the classroom for a subject that most college students are required to take. This free downloadable book is based on and includes materials from http://www.OSdata.com . Materials from OSdata.com have already been used in more than 300 colleges and universities around the world and have been quoted in studies and policy decisions by the U.S. Navy and the government of the Federal Republic of Germany. This is still a work in progress. Feedback and constructive criticism appreciated (especially feedback from professors who might want to use the finished book). While this book is still being written, professors are free to use specific chapters (or portions of chapters) as class handouts to supplement existing for-profit text books. This same policy will continue to apply after the book is completed, but this policy offers usefulness for many classes right now today even though the book is still incomplete. Poor students should not feel bad about using this book for free. You are exactly who this book is intended to help. You may optionally do volunteer work for the charitable organization of your choice (not political or religious activity — actual work for a charitable organization helping the poor, the elderly, the sick, the disabled, or the environment, etc.). -
<[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, May 22, 2018 5:32 PM To
From: [email protected] <[email protected]> Sent: Tuesday, May 22, 2018 5:32 PM To: Smith, Ashley <[email protected]>; Neufeld, Darin <[email protected]> Subject: Golden Door Comment on Newland Sierra GHG Mitigation Attached is a comment letter from Kathy Van Ness of the Golden Door on the Newland Sierra project. Christine Sherer Legal Secretary LATHAM & WATKINS LLP 12670 High Bluff Drive San Diego, CA 92130 Direct Dial: +1.858.523.5440 Fax: +1.858.523.5450 Email: [email protected] http://www.lw.com This email may contain material that is confidential, privileged and/or attorney work product for the sole use of the intended recipient. Any review, disclosure, reliance or distribution by others or forwarding without express permission is strictly prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender and delete all copies including any attachments. Latham & Watkins LLP or any of its affiliates may monitor electronic communications sent or received by our networks in order to protect our business and verify compliance with our policies and relevant legal requirements. Any personal information contained or referred to within this electronic communication will be processed in accordance with the firm's privacy notices and Global Privacy Standards available at www.lw.com. Darin Neufeld Ashley Smith Planning and Development Services County of San Diego 5510 Overland Avenue, Suite 310 San Diego, CA 92123 Dear Mr. Neufeld and Ms. Smith: I am writing on behalf of the Golden Door, to follow up my letter in January of this year asking that the County of San Diego (County) to do its part to ensure that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are reduced within the County. -
Building the Second Mind, 1961-1980: from the Ascendancy of ARPA to the Advent of Commercial Expert Systems Copyright 2013 Rebecca E
Building the Second Mind, 1961-1980: From the Ascendancy of ARPA to the Advent of Commercial Expert Systems copyright 2013 Rebecca E. Skinner ISBN 978 09894543-4-6 Forward Part I. Introduction Preface Chapter 1. Introduction: The Status Quo of AI in 1961 Part II. Twin Bolts of Lightning Chapter 2. The Integrated Circuit Chapter 3. The Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Foundation of the IPTO Chapter 4. Hardware, Systems and Applications in the 1960s Part II. The Belle Epoque of the 1960s Chapter 5. MIT: Work in AI in the Early and Mid-1960s Chapter 6. CMU: From the General Problem Solver to the Physical Symbol System and Production Systems Chapter 7. Stanford University and SRI Part III. The Challenges of 1970 Chapter 8. The Mansfield Amendment, “The Heilmeier Era”, and the Crisis in Research Funding Chapter 9. The AI Culture Wars: the War Inside AI and Academia Chapter 10. The AI Culture Wars: Popular Culture Part IV. Big Ideas and Hardware Improvements in the 1970s invert these and put the hardware chapter first Chapter 11. AI at MIT in the 1970s: The Semantic Fallout of NLR and Vision Chapter 12. Hardware, Software, and Applications in the 1970s Chapter 13. Big Ideas in the 1970s Chapter 14. Conclusion: the Status Quo in 1980 Chapter 15. Acknowledgements Bibliography Endnotes Forward to the Beta Edition This book continues the story initiated in Building the Second Mind: 1956 and the Origins of Artificial Intelligence Computing. Building the Second Mind, 1961-1980: From the Establishment of ARPA to the Advent of Commercial Expert Systems continues this story, through to the fortunate phase of the second decade of AI computing. -
1 1. Programacion Declarativa
1. PROGRAMACION DECLARATIVA................................................................. 4 1.1 NUEVOS LENGUAJES. ANTIGUA LÓGICA. ........................................... 4 1.1.1 Lambda Cálculo de Church y Deducción Natural de Grentzen....... 4 1.1.2 El impacto de la lógica..................................................................... 5 1.1.3 Demostradores de teoremas ............................................................. 5 1.1.4 Confianza y Seguridad. .................................................................... 6 1.2 INTRODUCCIÓN A LA PROGRAMACIÓN FUNCIONAL ...................... 7 1.2.1 ¿Qué es la Programación Funcional?............................................... 7 1.2.1.1 Modelo Funcional ................................................................. 7 1.2.1.2 Funciones de orden superior ................................................. 7 1.2.1.3 Sistemas de Inferencia de Tipos y Polimorfismo.................. 8 1.2.1.4 Evaluación Perezosa.............................................................. 8 1.2.2 ¿Qué tienen de bueno los lenguajes funcionales? ............................ 9 1.2.3 Funcional contra imperativo........................................................... 11 1.2.4 Preguntas sobre Programación Funcional...................................... 11 1.2.5 Otro aspecto: La Crisis del Software.............................................. 11 2. HASKELL (Basado en un artículo de Simon Peyton Jones)............................ 13 2.1 INTRODUCCIÓN....................................................................................... -
LISP 1.5 Programmer's Manual
LISP 1.5 Programmer's Manual The Computation Center and Research Laboratory of Eleotronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology John McCarthy Paul W. Abrahams Daniel J. Edwards Timothy P. Hart The M. I.T. Press Massrchusetts Institute of Toohnology Cambridge, Massrchusetts The Research Laboratory af Electronics is an interdepartmental laboratory in which faculty members and graduate students from numerous academic departments conduct research. The research reported in this document was made possible in part by support extended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Re- search Laboratory of Electronics, jointly by the U.S. Army, the U.S. Navy (Office of Naval Research), and the U.S. Air Force (Office of Scientific Research) under Contract DA36-039-sc-78108, Department of the Army Task 3-99-25-001-08; and in part by Con- tract DA-SIG-36-039-61-G14; additional support was received from the National Science Foundation (Grant G-16526) and the National Institutes of Health (Grant MH-04737-02). Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government. SECOND EDITION Elfteenth printing, 1985 ISBN 0 262 130 11 4 (paperback) PREFACE The over-all design of the LISP Programming System is the work of John McCarthy and is based on his paper NRecursiveFunctions of Symbolic Expressions and Their Com- putation by Machinett which was published in Communications of the ACM, April 1960. This manual was written by Michael I. Levin. The interpreter was programmed by Stephen B. Russell and Daniel J. Edwards. The print and read programs were written by John McCarthy, Klim Maling, Daniel J. -
Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais Metodologia
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS Escola de Engenharia Departamento de Engenharia de Produção Luiz Carlos Nogueira Júnior METODOLOGIA PARA A SELEÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE PESQUISA OPERACIONAL NA ÁREA DE SAÚDE Belo Horizonte 2015 Luiz Carlos Nogueira Júnior METODOLOGIA PARA A SELEÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE PESQUISA OPERACIONAL NA ÁREA DE SAÚDE Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Engenharia de Produção. Área de Concentração: Otimização de Sistemas Logísticos e de Grande Porte. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Luiz Ricardo Pinto. Coorientadora: Profa. Dra. Leise Kelli de Oliveira. Belo Horizonte Escola de Engenharia - UFMG 2015 AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus, pelo dom da existência. Ao orientador, Professor Dr. Luiz Ricardo Pinto, pelas valiosas orientações e suporte nas horas mais complicadas, sempre com uma palavra amiga e sensata. À coorientadora, Professora Dra. Leise Kelli de Oliveira, pelo acompanhamento do trabalho, pelos grandes conselhos e por sua disponibilidade sempre generosa. Aos professores e demais funcionários do Departamento de Engenharia de Produção da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), em especial aos Professores Doutores Ricardo Saraiva de Camargo e Lin Chih Cheng, pelas importantes ponderações e ensinamentos desde o início do mestrado. Agradeço em especial aos meus pais, Luiz Carlos Nogueira e Ana Lúcia Janoni Nogueira, minhas maiores referências de amor, caráter e sabedoria. A Paloma Freitas Araújo, pelo amor, carinho, respeito e parceria incondicional nestes últimos 12 anos. A Vívian Lúcia Nogueira e Isabela Janoni, pelo amor e carinho sempre por perto. Aos amigos e familiares tão queridos que estiveram sempre próximos e atentos nessa caminhada. -
Commencement1985.Pdf (6.060Mb)
lose of the 109th Academic Year The Johns Hopkins University May 31 , 1985 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/commencement1985 ORDER OF PROCESSION MARSHALS Karl Alexander Jean Eichelberger Ivey Edward J. Bouwer Allyn Kimball Paul R. Daniels Shin Lin Marc Donohue H. Warren Moos Frederick Holborn Selina Sue Prosen Roger A. Horn Fred S. Schock Henry M. Seidel THE GRADUATES MARSHALS Brown Murr Frederic Davidson THE FACULTIES MARSHALS Robert E. Green John Russell-Wood THE DEANS MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF SCHOLARS OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITY THE TRUSTEES CHIEF MARSHAL Owen M. Phillips THE CHAPLAINS THE HONORARY DEGREE CANDIDATES THE PROVOST OF THE UNIVERSITY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY ORDER OF EVENTS STEVEN MULLER President of the University, presiding * * * PRELUDE Gaillard Johann Hermann Schein (1586-1630) A Toye New Sa-Hoo Giles Farnaby (1565-1640) A Classical March Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) PROCESSIONAL The audience is requested to stand as the Academic Procession moves into the area and to remain standing after the Invocation La Mourisque Pavane TlELMAN SUSATO ( ? -1561) Festive marches from Belshazarr, Ezio, Rinaldo and Scipione George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) THE PRESIDENT'S PROCESSION Fanfare Walter Piston (1894-1976) Marches from Judas Maccabaeus and Floridante George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) INVOCATION CLYDE R. SHALLENBERGER Director The Chaplaincy Service The Johns Hopkins Hospital * THE NATIONAL ANTHEM * GREETINGS GEORGE G. RADCLIFFE Chairman of the Board of Trustees * PRESENTATION OF NEW MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY OF SCHOLARS Jo Eirik Asvall ThomasP. -
A Distributed Execution Engine Supporting Data-Dependent Control flow
A distributed execution engine supporting data-dependent control flow Derek Gordon Murray University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory King’s College July 2011 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Declaration This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated in the text. This dissertation does not exceed the regulation length of 60,000 words, including tables and footnotes. A distributed execution engine supporting data-dependent control flow Derek G. Murray Summary In computer science, data-dependent control flow is the fundamental concept that enables a machine to change its behaviour on the basis of intermediate results. This ability increases the computational power of a machine, because it enables the machine to execute iterative or recursive algorithms. In such algorithms, the amount of work is unbounded a priori, and must be determined by evaluating a fixpoint condition on successive intermediate results. For example, in the von Neumann architecture—upon which almost all modern computers are based—these algorithms can be programmed using a conditional branch instruction. A distributed execution engine is a system that runs on a network of computers, and provides the illusion of a single, reliable machine that provides a large aggregate amount of compu- tational and I/O performance. Although each individual computer in these systems is a von Neumann machine capable of data-dependent control flow, the effective computational power of a distributed execution engine is determined by the expressiveness of the execution model that describes distributed computations. -
Conference on the Programming Environ)Ment for Developiment of Numerical Software
JPL PUBLICATION 78-92 Proceedings Conference on the Programming Environ)ment for Developiment of Numerical Software Cosponsored by JPL and ACM-SIGNUM Hilton Hotel Pasadena, California October 18-20, 1978 (N-ASA-CR-157933). CONFERENCE ON THE 17-12715 FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THRU PROGRAM ING ENVIRONMENT 6 , S'OFTW'AIRE (Jet Propulsion Lab.) N79-1273 NUMERICAL linclas 86 p HC A05/IF A01 CSCL 09B G3/59 33812 October 18, 1978 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California R D NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE U.S.DEPARTMENTOFCOMMERCE SPRINGFIELD.VA.22161 JPL PUBLICATION 78-92 Proceedings Conference on the Programming Environment for Development of Numerical Software Cosponsored by JPL and ACM-SIGNUM Hilton Hotel Pasadena, California October 18-20, 1978 October 18, 1978 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California This publication was prepared by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under NASA Contract NAS7-1 00 o • CONFERENCE OVERVIEW p'G -- pAGEr NSOeiR QUALI'Y C L. Lawson, Conference Chairman THE NUMERICAL SOFTWARE COMMUNITY, especially in been regarded mainly as a teaching language has North America, has predominately used the Fortran achieved a new burst of popularity among micro language In the late 60's, there may have been computer users, due in large part to PASCAL compiler thoughts that some other language might soon re- developments at UCSD. Volper of that group will place Fortran for scientific computing. By the discuss PASCAL's relevance to the mathematical early 70's, however, this appeared much less likely software community.