DOCSLIB.ORG

Overview of Nuclear Data

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Overview of Nuclear Data Overview of Nuclear Data Michal Herman National Nuclear Data Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Nuclear Data Program Link between basic science and applications Nuclear Science Community ✦ experiments Eur. Phys.✦ J.theory A (2012) 48:113 Page 11 of 39 10Nuclear2 Data Application Cross section (barn) 10Community Community ✦ natural needs data: compilationLu(n,γ) @ DANCE 1 ENDF/B−VII.0 SAMMY7.0 broadened and fitted 10−1 1 10 102 ✦ ✦ evaluation Neutron energy (eV) complete Fig. 15. Cross-section for the 175Lu(n, γ) reaction measured with a natural Lutetium sample in the resolved resonance ✦ organized ✦range.archival 176Lu(n,γ) @ DANCE ✦ 104 ENDF/B−VII.0 SAMMY7 broadened and fitted traceable DANCE detector ✦ dissemination 103 ✦ readable LANSCE Cross section (barn) 102 Fig. 14. The DANCE detector (picture credits: LANSCE-NSM. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 LA-UR-0802953). 10 1 processed into physical quantities, like the total γ cascade 10−1 1 10 102 energy, γ multiplicity, individual gamma ray energies, and Neutron energy (eV) neutron time of flight. After analysis of these data and sev- 176 eral corrections (calibration, dead time correction, back- Fig. 16. Cross-section for the Lu(n, γ)reactioninthere- solved resonance range. ground subtraction) the neutron radiative capture cross- section σ(n,γ)(En) is obtained. Results are presented here 176 2 Lu(n,γ) @ DANCE for three energy ranges: i) thermal energy, ii) resolved res- 10 onance region, and iii) above 1 keV in the unresolved res- ENDF/B−VII.0 onance region. K. Wisshak et al, 2006 H. Beer et al, 1984 i) For an incident neutron energy of 0.025 eV, the mea- BRC sured cross-sections for 175Lu(n, γ)and176Lu(n, γ), are in Cross section (barn) good agreement with published values [64] while improv- 10 ing their precisions. The thermal capture cross-sections of Lu are important for nuclear reactors, where they are used to measure the core temperature. ii) The analysis of the neutron capture experimental 1 data in the resolved resonance region allows the determi- nation of the energies of resonances as well as their radia- tive and neutron widths, and spins. For that purpose, we 102 103 104 Neutron energy (eV) rely on a R-matrix code to fit the experimental cross-sec- tions and determine the characteristics of the resonances. Fig. 17. Cross-section for the 176Lu(n, γ)reactioninthecon- Figures 15 and 16 display the radiative capture cross-sec- tinuum energy region. tions measured for 175Lu and 176Lu, respectively. These new measurements agree with previous experiments [65, 66]. Moreover, since γ multiplicities have been measured, performed in the continuum (using the Hauser-Feshbach spin values could be attributed to several resonances. model). In the resolved resonances domain, the analysis of mea- iii) For the Lu isotopes, the unresolved resonance re- sured data allowed to extract values of the mean radia- gion extends from a few keV to 1 MeV. Unlike the re- tive width ( Γ ), the mean s-wave level spacing (D ) solved resonance region where models only produce a ⟨ γ ⟩ 0 and neutron strength function (S0). These values are use- parametrization of experimental data, continuum mod- ful for connecting the evaluations performed in the re- els like the optical model potential can describe experi- solved resonance region (using R-matrix) with evaluations mental data in a more predictive way. Figure 17 displays Who needs nuclear data? and what for? Nuclear medicine Basic science (physics) radioisotope production testing theoretical models dose calculation designing experiments radiotherapy analyzing experimental data diagnostics Astrophysics National/homeland origin of elements security Nuclear power device R&D reactors R&D stockpile stewardship fuel cycle criticality safety operation safety nuclear forensics radiation shielding detecting illicit trafficking of waste disposal and nuclear materials transmutation Industrial applications M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 USNDP mission The mission of the United States Nuclear Data Program (USNDP) is to provide current, accurate, authoritative data for workers in pure and applied areas of nuclear science and engineering. This is accomplished primarily through the compilation, evaluation, dissemination, and archiving of extensive nuclear datasets. The USNDP also addresses gaps in the data, through targeted experimental studies and the use of theoretical models. Dissemination Archival Evaluation/ Experiments Theory Compilation M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Components of Nuclear Data Structure Reactions Dissemination Bibliographical NSR Obviously indispensable Compilation XUNDL EXFOR Evaluated ENSDF ENDF/B Archival Obviously essential Evaluation/ Experiments Theory Using external facilities Ultimate nuclear data product - ~15% of USNDP effort combines experiment with theory, Compilation links basic science with applications, includes modeling and covariances, Needs continuous coverage high added value! Backlog needs to be dealt with M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Structure & Reactions Objectives Decay Bibliographical NSR database >214,000 publications Compilation XUNDL EXFOR Experiments - form the basis databases 5,622 datasets 20,400 experiments of what we do and we also contribute. Evaluated Compilation - reaction and ENSDF ENDF/B-VII.1 3,256 isotopes 14 sub-libraries nuclear structure data in NSR, libraries EXFOR and XUNDL databases. Evaluation/Theory - nuclear structure and reaction data for ENSDF and ENDF/B databases. Advance nuclear reaction modeling; uncertainty quantification. Maintain/develop nuclear data formats and data verification codes. Archival of nuclear data (maintaining classic library, gradually scanning it into electronic files, securing electronic files). Dissemination of nuclear physics data using up to date technology.. M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 ND libraries ACE Wallet cards FENDL POINT MIRD 20XX Cap Gam NG EGAF Atlas Atlas neutr. Neutron Isomeric Masses resonances Standards levels ENDF ENSDF Delayed Dosimetry B(E2) neutrons Codes EXFOR XUNDL RIPL NSR Experiments M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Interaction between ND libraries (ENSDF) ENSDF EGAF Masses EXFOR XUNDL NSR Experiments M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 ND libraries ACE Wallet cards FENDL POINT MIRD 20XX Cap Gam NG EGAF Atlas Atlas neutr. Neutron Isomeric Masses resonances Standards levels ENDF ENSDF Delayed Dosimetry B(E2) neutrons Codes EXFOR XUNDL RIPL NSR Experiments M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Interaction between ND libraries (ENDF) Atlas neutr. resonances ENDF ENSDF Neutron Masses Standards Dosimetry EGAF Codes EXFOR RIPL NSR Experiments M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 ND libraries ACE Wallet cards FENDL POINT MIRD 20XX Cap Gam NG EGAF Atlas Atlas neutr. Neutron Isomeric Masses resonances Standards levels ENDF ENSDF Delayed Dosimetry B(E2) neutrons Codes EXFOR XUNDL RIPL NSR Experiments M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Components of Nuclear Data program Structure Reactions Dissemination Bibliographical NSR Compilation XUNDL EXFOR Evaluated ENSDF ENDF/B Archival Evaluation/ Experiments Theory Using external facilities ~15% of USNDP effort Compilation M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Experimental Nuclear Data Program Gammasphere at ANL HIγS DANCE at LANSCE M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Why USNDP Needs Experimental Program (on a small scale)? Perform measurements targeting specific needs USNDP is in unique position to identify deficiencies in nuclear data Faster response in remedying deficiencies in database Stronger link between data community and research groups Maintain USNDP staff current with advancing experimental techniques Promoting nuclear data awareness within research community Combined evaluation and experimental research opportunities Attract new talents to nuclear data program M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Components of Nuclear Data program Structure Reactions Dissemination Bibliographical NSR Compilation XUNDL EXFOR Evaluated ENSDF ENDF/B Archival Using external facilities cost - mostlyEvaluation/ travel Experiments Theory Compilation Needs continuous coverage M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 ENSDF Structure & Reactions Decay Bibliographical NSR database >214,000 publications Compilation XUNDL EXFOR databases ~5,600 datasets ~20,400 experiments Groundwork for any evaluation Preserves multibillion $$$$ investment in nuclear experiments over a century Often goes beyond the publication M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Components of Nuclear Data program Structure Reactions Dissemination Bibliographical NSR Compilation XUNDL EXFOR Evaluated ENSDF ENDF/B Archival Evaluation/ Experiments Theory Ultimate nuclear data product combines experiment with theory Compilation links basic science with applications includes modeling and covariances high added value! M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Nuclear structure and reaction data are complementary Reaction data: EXFOR (compiled) ENDF (evaluated) Structure data: XUNDL (compiled) ENDSF (evaluated) M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Nuclear structure and reaction data are complementary Reaction data: EXFOR (compiled) ENDF (evaluated) reactions structure Structure data: XUNDL (compiled) ENDSF (evaluated) M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Nuclear structure and reaction data are complementary Decay data: Reaction data: ENDF Decay EXFOR (compiled) Sublibrary (evaluated) ENDF (evaluated) reactions structure Structure data: XUNDL (compiled) ENDSF (evaluated) M. Herman Berkeley, May 27-19, 2015 Nuclear structure and reaction data are complementary
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Computing ATOMIC NUCLEI
    UNIVERSAL NUCLEAR ENERGY DENSITY FUNCTIONAL Computing ATOMIC NUCLEI Petascale computing helps disentangle the nuclear puzzle. The goal of the Universal Nuclear Energy Density Functional (UNEDF) collaboration is to provide a comprehensive description of all nuclei and their reactions based on the most accurate knowledge of the nuclear interaction, the most reliable theoretical approaches, and the massive use of computer power. Science of Nuclei the Hamiltonian matrix. Coupled cluster (CC) Nuclei comprise 99.9% of all baryonic matter in techniques, which were formulated by nuclear sci- the Universe and are the fuel that burns in stars. entists in the 1950s, are essential techniques in The rather complex nature of the nuclear forces chemistry today and have recently been resurgent among protons and neutrons generates a broad in nuclear structure. Quantum Monte Carlo tech- range and diversity in the nuclear phenomena that niques dominate studies of phase transitions in can be observed. As shown during the last decade, spin systems and nuclei. These methods are used developing a comprehensive description of all to understand both the nuclear and electronic nuclei and their reactions requires theoretical and equations of state in condensed systems, and they experimental investigations of rare isotopes with are used to investigate the excitation spectra in unusual neutron-to-proton ratios. These nuclei nuclei, atoms, and molecules. are labeled exotic, or rare, because they are not When applied to systems with many active par- typically found on Earth. They are difficult to pro- ticles, ab initio and configuration interaction duce experimentally because they usually have methods present computational challenges as the extremely short lifetimes.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Data
    CNIC-00810 CNDC-0013 INDC(CPR)-031/L NUCLEAR DATA No. 10 (1993) China Nuclear Information Center Chinese Nuclear Data Center Atomic Energy Press CNIC-00810 CNDC-0013 INDC(CPR)-031/L COMMUNICATION OF NUCLEAR DATA PROGRESS No. 10 (1993) Chinese Nuclear Data Center China Nuclear Information Centre Atomic Energy Press Beijing, December 1993 EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief Liu Tingjin Zhuang Youxiang Member Cai Chonghai Cai Dunjiu Chen Zhenpeng Huang Houkun Liu Tingjin Ma Gonggui Shen Qingbiao Tang Guoyou Tang Hongqing Wang Yansen Wang Yaoqing Zhang Jingshang Zhang Xianqing Zhuang Youxiang Editorial Department Li Manli Sun Naihong Li Shuzhen EDITORIAL NOTE This is the tenth issue of Communication of Nuclear Data Progress (CNDP), in which the achievements in nuclear data field since the last year in China are carried. It includes the measurements of 54Fe(d,a), 56Fe(d,2n), 58Ni(d,a), (d,an), (d,x)57Ni, 182~ 184W(d,2n), 186W(d,p), (d,2n) and S8Ni(n,a) reactions; theoretical calculations on n+160 and ,97Au, 10B(n,n) and (n,n') reac­ tions, channel theory of fission with diffusive dynamics; the evaluations of in­ termediate energy nuclear data for 56Fe, 63Cu, 65Cu(p,n) monitor reactions, and of 180Hf, ,8lTa(n,2n) reactions, revision on recommended data of 235U and 238U for CENDL-2; fission barrier parameters sublibrary, a PC software of EXFOR compilation, some reports on atomic and molecular data and covariance research. We hope that our readers and colleagues will not spare their comments, in order to improve the publication. Please write to Drs.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Data Library for Incident Proton Energies to 150 Mev
    LA-UR-00-1067 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 7Li(p,n) Nuclear Data Library for Incident Proton Title: Energies to 150 MeV Author(s): S. G. Mashnik, M. B. Chadwick, P. G. Young, R. E. MacFarlane, and L. S. Waters Submitted to: http://lib-www.lanl.gov/la-pubs/00393814.pdf Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer, is operated by the University of California for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. By acceptance of this article, the publisher recognizes that the U.S. Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty- free license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, or to allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Los Alamos National Laboratory requests that the publisher identify this article as work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy. Los Alamos National Laboratory strongly supports academic freedom and a researcher's right to publish; as an institution, however, the Laboratory does not endorse the viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical correctness. FORM 836 (10/96) Li(p,n) Nuclear Data Library for Incident Proton Energies to 150 MeV S. G. Mashnik, M. B. Chadwick, P. G. Young, R. E. MacFarlane, and L. S. Waters Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 Abstract Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory are considering the possibility of using the Low Energy Demonstration Accelerator (LEDA), constructed at LANSCE for the Ac- celerator Production of Tritium program (APT), as a neutron source. Evaluated nuclear data are needed for the p+ ¡ Li reaction, to predict neutron production from thin and thick lithium targets.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Energy Agency Nuclear Data Committee
    NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY NUCLEAR DATA COMMITTEE SUMMARY RECORD OF THE lWEEFPY-FIRST MEETING (Technical Sessions) CBNM, Gee1 (Belgium) 24th-28th September 1979 Compiled by C. COCEVA (Scientific Secretary) OECD NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY 38 Bd. Suchet, 75016 Paris TABLE OF CONTENTS TECHNICAL SESSIONS Participants in meeting 1. Isotopes 2. National Progress Reports 3. Meetings 4. Technical Discussions 5. Topical Meeting on "Progress in Neutron Data of Structural Materials for Fast ~eactors" 6. Neutron and Related Nuclear Data Compilations and Evaluations Appendices 1 Meetings of the IAEA/NDS planned for 1980, 1981 and 1982 2 Progranme of the Topical Meeting on "Progress in Neutron Data of Structural Materials for Fast Reactors " 3 Summary of the general discussion on the works presented at the Topical Meeting TECmTICAL SESSIONS Perticipants in the 21st Meeting were as follows : For Canada : Dr. W.G. Cross Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. Chalk River For Japan : Dr. K. Tsukada Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai-blur a For the United States of America : Dr. R.E. Chrien (Chairman) Brookhaven National Laboratory Dr. S.L. Wl~etstone U.S. Department of Energy Dr. 8.T. Motz Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory Dr. F.G. Perey Oak Ridge National Laboratory For the countries of the European Communities and the European Commission acting together : Dr. R. Iiockhoff (Local Secretary) Central Bureau for Nuclear Pleasurements Geel, Belgium Dr. C. Coceva (Scientific Secretary) Comitato Nazionale per 1'Energia Nucleare Bologna, Italy Dr. S. Cierjacks Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Federal Republic of Germany Dr. C. Fort Conunissariat i 1'Energie Atomique Cadaroche, France Dr. A. Michaudon (Vice-chairman) Commissariat 2 1'Energie Atomique Bruysrcs-1.e-ChZtel Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The JEFF-3.1.1 Nuclear Data Library
    Data Bank ISBN 978-92-64-99074-6 The JEFF-3.1.1 Nuclear Data Library JEFF Report 22 Validation Results from JEF-2.2 to JEFF-3.1.1 A. Santamarina, D. Bernard, P. Blaise, M. Coste, A. Courcelle, T.D. Huynh, C. Jouanne, P. Leconte, O. Litaize, S. Mengelle, G. Noguère, J-M. Ruggiéri, O. Sérot, J. Tommasi, C. Vaglio, J-F. Vidal Edited by A. Santamarina, D. Bernard, Y. Rugama © OECD 2009 NEA No. 6807 NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The Commission of the European Communities takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Data: Serving Basic Needs of Science and Technology an Overview of the IAEA's International Nuclear Data Centre by Alex Lorenz and Joseph J
    Information services for development Nuclear data: Serving basic needs of science and technology An overview of the IAEA's international nuclear data centre by Alex Lorenz and Joseph J. Schmidt In today's world, the transfer and spread of informa- number and sophistication of requests for information tion implies the systematic collection, classification, have increased considerably. As of now, scientists in storage, retrieval, and dissemination of knowledge with more than 70 Member States have received IAEA the essential use of computers. nuclear data services. The number of requests received To be able to take best advantage of information tech- annually by the IAEA Nuclear Data Section has doubled nology that has been developing over the last decades, over the last 5 years. Several developing Member States scientific knowledge has to be reduced to concentrated in the last few years have started development of nuclear factual statements or data. Today, the volume of infor- power and fuel cycle technologies. Many more have mation published prevents anyone from being fully become increasingly motivated to introduce nuclear informed in his or her own field, not to speak of keeping techniques entailing the use of nuclear radiations and up with developments in other fields. Consequently, it isotopes in science and industry. has become necessary to supplement conventionally These developments have put an ever-increasing published information (such as books, journals, and demand on the IAEA to provide a growing number of reports) kept in libraries with condensed information, users with an extensive amount of up-to-date nuclear amenable to computer processing and presented to users data, and the required computer codes for processing in easily accessible and conveniently utilized form.
    [Show full text]
  • In Dc International Nuclear Data Committee
    International Atomic Energy Agency INDC(CCP)-326/L+F I N DC INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR DATA COMMITTEE NUCLEAR PHYSICS CONSTANTS FOR THERMONUCLEAR FUSION A Reference Handbook S.N. Abramovich, B.Ya. Guzhovskij, V.A. Zherebtsov, A.G. Zvenigorodskij CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE ON INFORMATION AND TECHNO-ECONOMIC RESEARCH ON ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STATE COMMITTEE ON THE UTILIZATION OF ATOMIC ENERGY OF THE USSR Moscow - 1989 Translated by A. Lorenz for the International Atomic Energy Agency March 1991 IAEA NUCLEAR DATA SECTION, WAG RAMERSTRASSE 5, A-1400 VIENNA INDC«XP)-326/L+F NUCLEAR PHYSICS CONSTANTS FOR THERMONUCLEAR FUSION A Reference Handbook S.N. Abramovich, B.Ya. Guzhovskij, V.A. Zherebtsov, A.G. Zvenigorodskij CENTRAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE ON INFORMATION AND TECHNO-ECONOMIC RESEARCH ON ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STATE COMMITTEE ON THE UTILIZATION OF ATOMIC ENERGY OF THE USSR Moscow - 1989 Translated by A. Lorenz for the International Atomic Energy Agency March 1991 Reproduced by the IAEA in Austria March 1991 91-01324 PREFACE TsNII-ATOMINFORM presents a reference handbook on 'Nuclear-Physics Constants for Thermonuclear Fusion" UDK 539.17 Light nuclei reactions are required for a number of practical applica- tions: they are used extensively in nuclear physics research as neutron sources, and as standards for the normalization of absolute reaction cross-sections. Nuclear reactions with light nuclei are useful in non-destructive testing and in the determination of isotopic compositions when other analytical methods are not adequate for obtaining the required information. The information presented in this handbook consists of nuclear reaction cross-sections and scattering cross-sections for the interaction of hydrogen and helium isotopes with nuclei of Z < 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Key Nuclear Data Impacting Reactivity in Advanced Reactors
    ORNL/TM-2020/1557 Key Nuclear Data Impacting Reactivity in Advanced Reactors Friederike Bostelmann Germina Ilas William A. Wieselquist June 2020 Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited. DOCUMENT AVAILABILITY Reports produced after January 1, 1996, are generally available free via US Department of Energy (DOE) SciTech Connect. Website www.osti.gov Reports produced before January 1, 1996, may be purchased by members of the public from the following source: National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 Telephone 703-605-6000 (1-800-553-6847) TDD 703-487-4639 Fax 703-605-6900 E-mail [email protected] Website http://classic.ntis.gov/ Reports are available to DOE employees, DOE contractors, Energy Technology Data Exchange representatives, and International Nuclear Information System representatives from the following source: Office of Scientific and Technical Information PO Box 62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Telephone 865-576-8401 Fax 865-576-5728 E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.osti.gov/contact.html This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
    [Show full text]
  • Qt6z74x57b Nosplash B36c09d
    Characterization of Deuteron-Deuteron Neutron Generators by Cory Scott Waltz A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering - Nuclear Engineering in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Karl Van Bibber, Chair Professor Lee Bernstein Professor Peter Hosemann Professor Chris Dames Spring 2016 Characterization of Deuteron-Deuteron Neutron Generators Copyright 2016 by Cory Scott Waltz 1 Abstract Characterization of Deuteron-Deuteron Neutron Generators by Cory Scott Waltz Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering - Nuclear Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Karl Van Bibber, Chair A facility based on a next-generation, high-flux D-D neutron generator (HFNG) was commissioned at the University of California Berkeley. The characterization of the HFNG is presented in the following study. The current generator design produces near mono- energetic 2.45 MeV neutrons at outputs of 108 n/s. Calculations provided show that future conditioning at higher currents and voltages will allow for a production rate over 1010 n/s. Characteristics that effect the operational stability include the suppression of the target- emitted back streaming electrons, target sputtering and cooling, and ion beam optics. Sup- pression of secondary electrons resulting from the deuterium beam striking the target was achieved via the implementation of an electrostatic shroud with a voltage offset of greater than -400 V relative to the target. Ion beam optics analysis resulted in the creation of a defocussing extraction nozzle, allowing for cooler target temperatures and a more compact design. To calculate the target temperatures, a finite difference method (FDM) solver incor- porating the additional heat removal effects of subcooled boiling was developed.
    [Show full text]
  • A Compilation of Information on the {Sup 31} P (P,{Gamma}){Sup 32} S
    NUCLEAR DATA AND MEASUREMENT SERIES ANL/NDM-140 A Compilation of Information on the 31P(p,)32S Reaction and Properties of Excited Levels in 32S Donald L. Smith and Jason T. Daly May 2000 ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY 9700 SOUTH CASS AVENUE ARGONNE, ILLINOIS 60439, U.S.A. Operated by THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under Contract W-31-109-Eng-38 Argonne National Laboratory, with facilities in the states of Illinois and Idaho, is owned by the United States Government, and operated by The University of Chicago under the provisions of a contract with the Department of Energy. ---------------------------------- DISCLAIMER --------------------------------- This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The University of Chicago, nor any of their employees or officers, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of document authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, Argonne National Laboratory, or The University of Chicago. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Available electronically at http://www.doe.gov/bridge Available for a processing fee to U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • NEA News Volume No
    News NEA2020 – No. 38.1 In this issue: Reducing the construction costs of nuclear power Management and disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Global progress and solutions GNDS: A standard format for nuclear data and more... NEA News Volume No. 38.1 2020 Contents Facts and opinions Reducing the construction costs of nuclear power � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 4 Management and disposal of high-level radioactive waste: Global progress and solutions � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 8 GNDS: A standard format for nuclear data � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 11 NEA updates Workshop on Preparedness for Post-Accident Recovery: Lessons from Experience � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 13 Online communications during the COVID-19 pandemic � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 15 News briefs In memoriam: Professor Massimo Salvatores � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 21 New publications � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 22 OECD Boulogne building. 1 Shutterstock, Peter Varga
    [Show full text]
  • The JEFF-3.1 Nuclear Data Library
    Data Bank ISBN 92-64-02314-3 The JEFF-3.1 Nuclear Data Library JEFF Report 21 Edited by Arjan Koning Robin Forrest Mark Kellett Robert Mills Hans Henriksson Yolanda Rugama © OECD 2006 NEA No. 6190 NUCLEAR ENERGY AGENCY ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The Commission of the European Communities takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. * * * This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Organisation or of the governments of its member countries.
    [Show full text]