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Puni Tekst: Engleski, Pdf (497 Nives Majnarić-Pandžić BRONčANO I ŽELJEZNO DOBA OBRAĐIVANO U čASOPISU OPUSCULA ARCHAEOLOGICA THE BRONZE AND IRON AGES AS COVERED IN THE JOURNAL OPUSCULA ARCHAEOLOGICA Pregledni članak / Review article Nives Majnarić­Pandžić UDK: 903(497.5)”637” Odsjek za arheologiju 903(497.5)”638” Filozofski fakultet Primljeno / Received: 29. 01. 2007. Sveučilište u Zagrebu Prihvaćeno / Accepted: 10. 02. 2007. Ivana Lučića 3 HR–10000 ZAGREB U članku se navode studije, rasprave i članci koje su This article cites the studies, deliberations and arti- razni autori objavljivali tijekom pola stoljeća postoja- cles by various authors published over the past fifty nja časopisa Opuscula archaeologica (1–29). Nadalje years in the journal Opuscula archaeologica (1–29). se spominje i opći doprinos poznavanju brončanoga It furthermore mentions the general contribution to i željeznoga doba u kontinentalnoj Hrvatskoj postig- the understanding of the Bronze and Iron Ages in nut radom i objavama suradnika ovoga časopisa. U continental Croatia made by the work and publica- njemu su u daleko manjoj mjeri objavljivani radovi s tions of the contributors to this journal. The journal temama iz primorske Hrvatske. had far less published articles dealing with themes from coastal Croatia. Ključne riječi: brončano i željezno doba u časopisu Opus­ cula archaeologica, kontinentalna Hrvatska, doprinos Key words: Bronze and Iron Age in the journal Opus- pojedinih autora, znanstveni projekti Zavoda i Odsjeka cula archaeologica, continental Croatia, contribution za arheologiju of individual authors, research projects of the Ar- chaeology Institute and Department. Objavljena prapovijesna istraživanja u Hrvatskoj i Published research on prehistory in Croatia and njihovi rezultati nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata do­ its results after the Second World War have so far sada, nažalost, nisu sustavno sabrani. M. Zaninović not, unfortunately, been systematically collected. M. svojedobno je izradio i publicirao pregled za antič­ Zaninović previously drew together and published an ku arheologiju (Zaninović 1987), ali u njemu su bili overview for classical archaeology (Zaninović 1987), predstavljeni uglavnom istraživači, i to od najstari­ but the focus was largely on researchers, mostly jih vremena, a manje je pozornosti posvećeno pra­ from the oldest times, with less attention dedicated ćenju novijih sustavnih istraživanja te njihovu rastu to newer systematic research and their growth and i dometima. Dakako da bi sada, nakon pola stoljeća range. To be sure, now, after a half century of work, rada, takav pregled za prapovijesnu arheologiju bilo such an overview for prehistoric archaeology needs 123 opuscula 30 book.indb 123 25.2.2008 13:42:37 Nives Majnarić-Pandžić BRONčANO I ŽELJEZNO DOBA OBRAĐIVANO U čASOPISU OPUSCULA ARCHAEOLOGICA Opusc.archaeol. 30, 123­142, 2006. više nego potrebno nanovo načiniti, no u ovakvu to be done more than ever, but in an article of this članku – vezanu uz obljetnicu samo jednoga časo­ type—tied to the anniversary of just one journal— pisa – to nije moguće. Ovdje ću, doduše, zahvatiti such a task is impossible. Even so, I do intend to nešto šire od objava u Opusc.archaeol., ali i to samo encompass an area somewhat broader than works za kontinentalnu Hrvatsku, za južnu Hrvatsku tek published in Opusc.archaeol., but limited nonethe­ u naznakama, i to onoliko koliko su takvi radovi less to continental Croatia, with southern Croatia povezani s objavama u našem časopisu. Pokušat ću, referred to only to the extent that such works were dakle, okvirno ocrtati razvoj saznanja u posljednjih published in our journal. I shall therefore attempt pola stoljeća, naročito u mjeri u kojoj su ona pove­ to provide a framework description of development zana s krugom autora i suradnika Opusc.archaeol.. of scholarship over the past fifty years, particularly where the latter can be associated with the circle of authors and contributors to Opusc.archaeol. Istraživanja brončanoga doba Temelje poznavanju kovinskih razdoblja u Hrvatskoj Research into the Bronze Age položili su krajem 19. i u ranome 20. stoljeću Josip Brunšmid i Šime Ljubić. The foundations for knowledge of the metal ages in J. Brunšmid bio je koliko intuitivan toliko i dobro Croatia were set in late nineteenth and early twenti­ obrazovan stručnjak – iz njegovih sažetih objava u eth centuries by Josip Brunšmid and Šime Ljubić. Vjesniku Hrvatskog arheološkog društva (VHAD) Brunšmid was so intuitive and so well­versed an pratimo kako je dotad posve nepoznate oblike i kul­ expert, that his concise publications in the journal turne pojave u Hrvatskoj svrstavao točno, ni u jed­ Vjesnik Hrvatskog arheološkog društva (VHAD) nome slučaju bitnije ne promašivši u interpretaciji. demonstrate how he accurately classified until then Iako mu prapovijesna arheologija nije predstavljala entirely unknown forms and cultural phenomena najuži interes, o njoj je objavljivao točno, sažeto i in Croatia, never once greatly deviating in his in­ kratko. Njemu tako dugujemo poznavanje vukovar­ terpretations. Even though prehistoric archaeology skoga ženskog groba s bakarnim dijademom i bo­ was not one of his narrower interests, he published gatim nakitom od spondilusa te grobova iz Bijeloga accurate, concise and brief works on this subject Brda s brončanodobnom inkrustiranom kerami­ matter. It is to him that we owe our knowledge of kom, među kojima i kontroverzni grob 121. Otkrio the Vukovar woman’s grave containing a copper je i obznanio gradivo skupljeno iz kasnobronča­ dia dem and rich spondylus jewellery, and the graves nodobnoga naselja u Novigradu na Savi te bogatu from Bijelo Brdo with incrustated Bronze Age pot­ i važnu ostavu iz Šarengrada s prijelaza kasnoga tery, including the controversial grave 121. He dis­ brončanog u starije željezno doba; ta objava jedne covered and published the materials gathered from ostave u cjelini stoji na čelu niza brojnih radova o toj the Late Bronze Age settlement in Novigrad on the temi, niza koji se i danas nastavlja. Brunšmid je tako Sava River and the rich and important hoard from postao rodonačelnikom arheološkoga naraštaja koji Šarengrad from the period of transition between the se u Hrvatskoj sve do danas bavi fenomenom boga­ Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages; the publication of tih južnopanonskih brončanodobnih ostava. this hoard as a whole was the first in an entire se­ Otvaranje važna poglavlja naše željeznodobne pro­ ries of works on this topic, a series that continues šlosti predstavljaju Brunšmidove objave bogatih to this day. Brunšmid thus became the founding fa­ grobova iz kasne faze željeznoga doba u Srijemskoj ther of a generation of archaeologists who study the Mitrovici, koji su sadržavali nakit balkanskoga na­ phenomenon of southern Pannonian Bronze Age dahnuća i stila. Ujedno je objavio i ratničke grobove hoards to this day. iz Adaševaca i s Vučedola. Ženski ranolatenski grob A major chapter of Croatia’s Iron Age past was iz Bogdanovaca i kasnolatenska srebrna garnitura opened by Brunšmid’s publication of the rich graves nošnje iz Jarka pobudili su pak zanimanje stručne from the late phase of the Iron Age in Srijemska javnosti i za to područje u latenskome razdoblju. Mitrovica, which contained jewellery of Balkan Svakom takvom objavom pravilno je bilo ocrtano inspi ration and style. He simultaneously published jedno razdoblje, svi su nalazi bili čitko i dobro is­ the military graves from Adaševci and Vučedol. crtani ili fotografirani, a pod skromnim naslovima The woman’s early La Tène grave from Bogdanovci krili su se važni doprinosi. Dovoljno je reći da i da­ and the late La Tène silver apparel set from Jarak našnji radovi često počivaju na Brunšmidovim obja­ aroused interest in professional circles in this area vama i obilno ih citiraju. Premda je velik nedostatak during the La Tène period. 124 opuscula 30 book.indb 124 25.2.2008 13:42:37 Nives Majnarić-Pandžić THE BRONZE AND IRON AGES AS COVERED IN THE JOURNAL OPUSCULA ARCHAEOLOGICA Opusc.archaeol. 30, 123­142, 2006. Brunšmidovih radova objavljenih u VHAD­u bio taj Each of these publications correctly outlined a cer­ što su redom bili objavljeni isključivo na hrvatskom tain period, all finds were legibly and well­drawn or jeziku, čak i bez najkraćega sažetka na nekome stra­ photographed, and significant contributions could nom jeziku, iz ovoga sažeta nabrajanja vidimo da je be found under modest titles. Suffice it to say that Brunšmid u njima ključnim nalazima ocrtao kultur­ even today’s works rest on Brunšmid’s publications, ni razvoj u sjevernoj Hrvatskoj od ranoga bronča­ citing them abundantly. Even though a major short­ nog doba pa do vremena tik pred romanizaciju. Od coming of Brunšmid’s works published in VHAD is svih spomenutih nalazišta iskopavao je samo u Bije­ that they were all published exclusively in Croatian, lom Brdu (tamošnju je srednjovjekovnu nekropolu without even the briefest summary in a foreign lan­ i objavio), ali je ujedno otkrio i spoznao važan feno­ guage. From this brief overview it is apparent that men ranoga do srednjega brončanog doba u Pano­ using certain key discoveries, Brunšmid outlined niji – kulture s inkrustiranom keramikom. Posebno cultural development in Northern Croatia from the poglavlje Brunšmidova istraživačkog interesa pri­ Bronze Age until the period just prior to Romani­ pada radu na ličkim japodskim grobljima, u prvo­ sation. Out of all of the aforementioned discovery me redu na Kompolju. Brunšmid je terenska istra­ sites, he only conducted excavations at Bijelo Brdo živanja vodio pedantno, dobro ih dokumentirao na (he also published the medieval necropolis there), svomu vremenu uobičajen način, nalaze je signirao. but he also discovered and analysed a phenomenon Sve to u drugoj polovici 20. stoljeća omogućilo je R. of the Early to Middle Bronze Age in Pannonia: Drech sler­Bižić daljnje istraživanje te objavljivanje incrustated pottery culture. A special chapter of starih i novih nalaza (Bakarić et al. 2004). Brunšmid’s research interest consisted of work on Š. Ljubiću također pripada trajna zasluga za unapre­ Iapode cemeteries in the Lika region, especially the đenje prapovijesne znanosti u Hrvatskoj.
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