Third NAWQA Diatom Taxonomy Harmonization Workshop
Report No. 00-8
The Patrick Center for Environmental Research and Michigan State University
held 1-3 May 2000 at The Academy of Natural Sciences 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway Philadelphia, PA 19103-1195
Prepared by Eduardo A. Morales and Marina Potapova
June 1, 2000 INTRODUCTION
The Third NAWQA Workshop on Harmonization of Algal Taxonomy was held at The Academy of Natural Sciences on 1-3 May 2000. Dr. R.J. Stevenson and Kalina Manoylova of Michigan State University; Dr. Donald F. Charles, Frank Acker, Todd A. Clason, Patrick Cotter, Candia Knowles, Kalina Manoylova, Lont Marr, Eduardo A. Morales, Marina Potapova, and Dr. Charles W. Reimer of The Academy of Natural Sciences’ Patrick Center for Environmental Research; and William R. Cody, a private consultant based in the State of Ohio, participated in the workshop.
The primary purpose of the workshop was to develop and agree on nomenclature to use when analyzing NAWQA 1997-start algae samples, collected in 1999-2001. Other objectives are summarized in the attached list of Agenda items (Appendix 1). Results of discussion of these other items are reported in separate memos and are not included here.
The U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program concentrates on the study of nearly 60 major watersheds in the United States. Each of these watersheds is called a Study Unit (SU). Approximately 15 to 20 SUs are investigated at a time. To date, three sets of SUs, or "starts," have been collected: the 1991, 1994, and 1997-starts. Algal samples from each SU are collected over a three-year period, usually beginning after two years of planning and site selection. For various reasons, different taxonomic systems were used for analysis of diatoms from the 1991 and 1994-start samples. Now that we are ready to begin analysis of 1997-start samples (collected in 1999-2001), the Academy of Natural Sciences (ANS) has decided to review names of all diatom taxa found in NAWQA samples to update them, following the philosophy and criteria described below. These names will be used by all NAWQA diatom analysts for the1997-start samples. The list will be reviewed again in three years, and updated before beginning analysis of the 2000-start samples.
CRITERIA FOR ADOPTING NEW NAMES
The philosophy of workshop participants was that taxonomic names used for 1997-start samples should reflect recent taxonomic trends, but that changes from names used previously should be made conservatively.
The majority of new taxonomic names proposed in the literature pertain to the genus level. All the genera considered during the workshop come from the splitting of more broadly circumscribed genera. Some changes at the species and variety levels were also made. Four main criteria were used in deciding whether to adopt a new name for the 1997-start list.
1. Is the proposed transfer a good one? Workshop participants considered whether the rationale and justification for revised nomenclature were sound and supportable. They also evaluated whether descriptions of new taxa were sufficiently supported by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and/or ecological evidence.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2. Is the new taxon generally accepted? Participants relied on the frequency with which the new taxon was used in recent ecological and/or taxonomic literature. In some cases, arguments have been published against the adoption of a particular taxon. These perspectives were explored carefully and a decision was made as to which argument was more persuasive based on morphology, phylogeny, and ecology.
3. Can the new taxon be recognized using LM? This is a practical issue since our analyses are performed primarily with the light microscope. Workshop participants only adopted taxa that could be recognized during routine identification procedures.
4. In the case of new genera, have most species found in NAWQA samples been transferred to the new genus? In some cases, the new genus seems to be well defined, but the majority of species that clearly belongs in this genus have not been validly transferred. In this circumstance, workshop participants decided not to use the proposed transfer for analysis of 1997-start samples.
PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING NAMES
Prior to the workshop, Patrick Cotter and Lont Marr prepared a MS ACCESS database table of all taxa that had been found in NAWQA samples along with columns for adding proposed nomenclature changes and comments. Lont Marr forwarded this list to workshop participants, assigning specific groups of genera to individual analysts for close review. All alternative names and comments noted by analysts were compiled and sent back to workshop participants for review one week before the workshop.
During the workshop, participants went through the list and rated the proposed transfers as described below. The list was reviewed twice, first to assign all new names to one of the three categories below, and a second time to reassign taxa placed in category 2 into a final rating of 1 or 3. The list ultimately records the consensus of the participants as to whether or not to adopt proposed changes for the 1997-start taxa list.
1. Name will be adopted for the 1997-start taxa list. The new name seems scientifically sound and meets the criteria described above.
2. New taxa that participants were not fully familiar with and which required further investigation. After significant discussion and review of publications, it was decided either to accept the new name (in which case the new taxon was changed from "2" to "1") or reject the name (in which case the new taxon was changed from a“2” to a "3", see next).
3. Name will not be adopted for the 1997-start taxa list. New taxa that did not meet the criteria described above.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 3 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH WORKSHOP OUTCOME
The primary outcome of the workshop is a list of 1994-start taxa names, the taxonomic names that some will be changed to for the 1997-start sample analysis, and the rationale for the changes (Appendices 2 and 3).
Appendix 2 contains four columns. The first lists the 1994-start taxa; the official list of all names used for 1994-start samples. The second column contains new names that have been proposed for taxa in the 1994-start list (first column). The third column (labeled “category”) contains the final number assigned to each new taxon (1 or 3, see above). Finally, a fourth column lists bibliographical references for the description of new genera and transfer of species. The rationale for including or excluding a new name in the 1997-start list is described in Appendix 3. Appendix 2 was compiled mainly by Todd A. Clason, Marina Potapova and Eduardo A. Morales. Analysts involved in discussions during this part of the workshop were Todd A. Clason, William R. Cody, Kalina Manoylova, Lont Marr, Eduardo A. Morales, Marina Potapova, and with intermittent advice from R.J. Stevenson and Charles W. Reimer.
Workshop participants agreed to send this list to at least two diatom taxonomy specialists for review and comment.
In addition to the list mentioned above, we also discussed specific issues concerning the accuracy of some names used for 1991-start counts. Marina Potapova had examined 1991 count data prior to the workshop and concluded that some names had been misapplied or were confusing. Participants reviewed each taxonomic issue in detail using the Academy's image database, photographs of NAWQA specimens, various materials from the Diatom Herbarium, and the help of C.W. Reimer. Dr. Potapova incorporated results of these deliberations into Appendix 3. Eduardo Morales also presented LM and SEM photographs from his dissertation based on material from Connecticut (USA) freshwater lakes. This latter resource was used to help clarify taxonomy in the genus Fragilaria sensu lato.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 4 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH APPENDIX 1 Third NAWQA Workshop on Harmonization of Algal Taxonomy
Patrick Center for Environmental Research The Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, PA 1-3 May 2000
Participants: Donald F. Charles, R. Jan Stevenson, Frank Acker, Todd A. Clason, William R. Cody, Patrick Cotter, Candia Knowles, Kalina Manoylova, Lont Marr, Eduardo A. Morales, Marina Potapova, Charles W. Reimer Workshop Goals
Agree on 1997-Start diatom names; develop plan for review of list
Clarify identification / nomenclature of selected diatom taxa
Work on taxonomic issues - difficult and unknown taxa
Review and discuss soft-algae taxonomic issues
Plan future taxonomic workshops
Review and agree on QA / QC procedures for 1997-start samples
Review use of ANSP Algae Image Database and plan future development
Review use of Diatom Tabulator program; make sure it works for all users
Agree on procedures for transfer of data from MSU to ANSP
Develop procedure for creating combined dataset of algal dimension measurements
Develop procedure for stratified counting of larger aggregations in soft-algae counts
Review sample analysis schedules
Plan preparation of report on the workshop, including 1997/1994 correspondence list
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 5 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Some Recent Accomplishments
Analysis of all 1998 samples complete
Algae results included in Summary Reports; metrics based on 1994-Start data
Algae Image Database created; most images now added; improvements ongoing
Tabulator program being used by all diatom analysts
First batch of slides to Diatom Herbarium; remainder of 1991-start samples nearly done
Draft list of 1997-start taxa names completed, ready for this workshop
Taxonomic QA of 1991-start diatom counts nearly complete
Combined data set of 1991 and 1994 diatom relative abundance nearing completion
First batch of data sent from ANSP to Bio-TDB; upload of remainder is imminent
Agenda (Tentative)
Monday Morning 9:00
Welcome / Introductions / Organization
Begin1997-start diatom names - all
Begin clarification of taxa identifications - Marina leads
Monday Afternoon
Continue 1997-start diatom names
Continue clarification of taxa identifications
Begin (if time) discussions of non-taxonomy issues: Biovolume measurements, QA/QC, data transfer, soft algae counts, etc. - Don, Jan, Pat, Frank, Candia and others
Tuesday Morning 9:00
Meet in morning briefly to summarize progress and plan day
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 6 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Continue 1997-start diatom names; work on documentation / database files
Continue "clarifications"
Taxonomic issues / problems / unknowns – analysts
Continue discussions of non-taxonomy issues: Biovolume measurements, dsQA/QC, data transfer, soft algae counts, etc. - Don, Jan, Pat, Frank and others as necessary
Tuesday Afternoon
Final review of 1997-Start list - all
Diatom and soft algae taxonomy, unknowns, etc - analysts
Continue discussions of non-taxonomy issues
Wednesday Morning 9:00
Meet in morning to summarize progress and plan day
Review results of "other issue" discussions and decisions
Diatom and soft algae taxonomy - unknowns, etc
Wednesday Afternoon
Diatom and soft algae taxonomy - unknowns, etc
Summarize workshop results / accomplishments
Plan future workshops
Plan preparation of workshop report
Adjourn
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 7 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH APPENDIX 2
List of New Taxonomical Names Adopted for Analyses of 1997-start Samples
Patrick Center for Environmental Research The Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, PA
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 8 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Achnanthes amoena Hust. Achnanthes biasolettiana (Kütz.) Grun. Achnanthes bioreti Germain Psammothidium bioretii (Germ.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Achnanthes cf. amoena CLASON Hust. Achnanthes cf. daui CLASON Foged Achnanthes cf. engelbrechtii Choln. Achnanthes cf. grana ROBERTS Hohn & Hellerm. Achnanthes cf. grimmei REIMER Krass. Achnanthes cf. grischuna CLASON Wüthrich Achnanthes cf. lanceolata var. apiculata REIMER Patr. Achnanthes cf. obliqua MARR Hust. Achnanthes cf. rosenstockii CLASON Lange-Bert. Achnanthes chilensis Hust. Achnanthes chlidanos Hohn & Hellerm. not transferred yet Achnanthes clevei Grun. Karayevia clevei (Grun.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes clevei var. rostrata Hust. not transferred yet Achnanthes coarctata (Bréb.) Grun. Achnanthes conspicua A. Mayer Achnanthes curvirostrum Brun Achnanthes daonensis Lange-Bert. Psammothidium grischunum f. daonensis (Lange-Bertalot) 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Bukhtiyarova & Round Achnanthes daui Foged Achnanthes decipiens Reim. Achnanthes deflexa Reim. Achnanthes delicatula (Kütz.) Grun. Achnanthes exigua Grun. Achnanthes exigua var. constricta Torka Achnanthes exigua var. elliptica Hust. Achnanthes exigua var. heterovalva Krass. Achnanthes exilis Kütz. Achnanthidium exilis (Kutz.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes flexella (Kütz.) Brun Eucocconeis flexella (Kutz.) P.T.Cleve 1 Round et al. 1990 Achnanthes hauckiana Grun. Planothidium haukianum (Grun.) Round& Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes hauckiana var. rostrata Schulz Achnanthes delicatula (Kütz.) Grun. 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Achnanthes helvetica (Hust.) Lange-Bert. Psammothidium helveticum (Hust.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Achnanthes hungarica (Grun.) Grun. Lemnicola hungarica (Grun.) Round & Basson 1 Round & Basson 1997 Achnanthes inflata (Kütz.) Grun. Achnanthes kryophila var. denistriata Hust. Achnanthes laevis Schimanski Eucocconeis laevis (Østr.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot & Genkal 1998 Achnanthes lanceolata (Bréb. in Kütz.) Grun. Planothidium lanceolatum (Breb.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 9 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Achnanthes lanceolata cf. var. capitata REIMER O. Müll. Achnanthes lanceolata var. abbreviata Reim. Achnanthes lanceolata var. apiculata Patr. Achnanthes lanceolata var. bimaculata Hust. Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun. Planothidium dubium (Grun.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun. Achnanthes lanceolata subsp. rostrata (Østr.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun. Achnanthes lanceolata subsp. frequentissima Lange-Bertalot 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grun. Achnanthes lanceolata subsp. biporoma (Hohn & Hellerm.) 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Lange-Bertalot Achnanthes lanceolata var. elliptica Cl. sensu Straub Planothidium ellipticum (Cl.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes lanceolata subsp. frequentissima Lange-Bert. Achnanthes lanceolata var. elliptica Cl. sensu Straub Achnanthes joursacense Her. 3 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Achnanthes lanceolata var. haynaldii (Istv.-Schaarsch.) Cl. Achnanthes lanceolata var. omissa Reim. Achnanthes joursacense Her. 3 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Achnanthes joursacense Her. Achnanthes lapidosa Krass. Achnanthes lapponica var. ninckei (Guerm. & Mang.) Reim. Achnanthes lata var. 1 ANS NAR Achnanthes laterostrata Hust. Karayevia laterostrata (Hant.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes lauenburgiana Hust. Psammothidium lauenburgianum (Hust.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Achnanthes levanderi var. helvetica Hust. Achnanthes linearis (W. Sm.) Grun. Rossithidium linearis (W. Sm.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes linearis fo. curta H. L. Sm. Achnanthes marginulata Grun. Psammothidium marginulatum (Grun.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 1 Bukhtiyarova.& Round 1996 Achnanthes microcephala (Kütz.) Grun. Achnanthidium microcephalum Kutz. 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes minutissima Kütz. Achnanthidium minutissimum (Kutz.) Czarnecki 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes minutissima var. 1 ANS WRC Achnanthes minutissima var. affinis (Grun.) L-Bert. Achnanthidium affine (Grun.) Czarnecki 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes minutissima var. gracillima (Meister) L-Bert. Achnanthidium altergracillima (Lange-Bertalot) Round & 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Bukhtiyarova Achnanthes minutissima var. macrocephala Hust. Achnanthidium macrocephalum (Hust.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes minutissima var. saprophila Kobayasi & Mayama Achnanthidium saprophila (Kobayasi & Mayama) Round & 1 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Bukhtiyarova Achnanthes minutissima var. scotica (Cart.) Lange-Bert. Achnanthes nodosa A. Cl. Achnanthes oblongella Østr. Achnanthes peragalli Brun & Hérib. Planothidium peragallii (Brun.& Her.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes peragalli var. fossilis Temp. & Perag. Achnanthes peragalli var. parvula (Patr.) Reim.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 10 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Achnanthes petersonii Hust. Rossithidium petersennii (Hust.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes pinnata Hust. Achnanthes pusilla (Grun.) DeT. Rossithidium pusillum (Grun.) Round & Bukhtiyarova 3 Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996 Achnanthes rosenstockii Lange-Bert. Psammothidium abundans f. rosenstockii Lange-Bertalot 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Achnanthes rossii Hust. Psammothidium rossii (Hust.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Achnanthes rupestoides Hohn Achnanthes semiaperta Hust. Achnanthes sp. 1 ? Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS CWR DN Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS CWR LLD Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS CWR NT Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS CWR PP Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS LLB Achnanthes sp. 1 ANS USNK Achnanthes sp. 2 ANS LLB Achnanthes stewartii Patr. Achnanthes stolida (Krass.) Krass. Achnanthes subatomoides (Hust.) L.-B. & Archb. in Kramm. & L.- Psammothidium subatomoides(Hust.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 B. Achnanthes subatomus Hust. Achnanthes subhudsonis Hust. Achnanthes subhudsonis var. kraeuselii Choln. Achnanthes submarina Hust. Achnanthes suchlandti Hust. Achnanthes temperei M. Perag. Achnanthes tenera Hust. Achnanthes ventralis (Krass.) Lange-Bert. Psammothidium ventralis (Krass.) Bukhtiyarova & Round 1 Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996 Actinella punctata Lewis Actinella sp. 1 ? Actinocyclus normanii (Greg.) Hust. Actinocyclus normanii fo. subsalsus (Juhl.-Dannf.) Hust. Amphipleura pellucida (Kütz.) Kütz. Amphipleura sp. 1 ? Amphora acutiuscula Kütz. Amphora angusta Greg. Amphora cf. laevis REIMER Greg. Amphora coffeaeformis (Ag.) Kütz. Amphora montana Krass. Amphora normanii Rabh.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 11 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Amphora ocellata Donk. Amphora ovalis (Kütz.) Kütz. Amphora ovalis var. affinis (Kütz.) V. H. ex DeT. A. libyca Ehr. 1 Krammer 1980 Amphora ovalis var. pediculus (Kütz.) V. H. ex DeT. A. libyca Ehr. 1 Krammer 1980 Amphora perpusilla (Grun.) Grun. A.pediculus (Kütz.) Grun. 1 Krammer 1980 Amphora sp. 1 ANS CWR NB Amphora sp. 1 ANS T AC SCTX Amphora submontana Hust. Amphora tenuissima Hust. Amphora thumensis (A. Mayer) Krieger Amphora veneta Kütz. Amphora veneta var. globulosa Foged Anomoeoneis cf. sphaerophora fo. costata (Kütz) Schmid. Anomoeoneis serians (Bréb. ex Kütz.) Cl. Brachysira serians (Breb.) Round & Mann 1 Round & Mann 1981 Anomoeoneis serians var. acuta Hust. Anomoeoneis serians var. apiculata Boyer Brachysira apiculata (Boyer) Lange-Bertalot & Moser 1 Lange-Bertalot & Moser 1994 Anomoeoneis serians var. brachysira (Bréb. ex Kütz.) Hust. Brachysira brebissonii Ross 1 Hartley 1986 Anomoeoneis sp. 1 ? Anomoeoneis sphaerophora (Kütz.) Pfitzer Anomoeoneis sphaerophora fo. costata (Kütz.) Schmid. Anomoeoneis sphaerophora fo. sculpta (Ehr.) Kramm. Anomoeoneis vitrea (Grun.) Ross Brachysira vitrea (Grun.) Ross 1 Hartley 1986 Anorthoneis excentrica (Donk.) Grun. Asterionella formosa Hass. Asterionella ralfsii W. Sm. Aulacosira alpigena (Grun.)Krammer Aulacosira ambigua (Grun.) Simonsen Aulacosira cf. distans (Ehr.) Simonsen Aulacosira crassipunctata Kramm. Aulacos ira crenul ata (Ehr. ) Thw. Aulacosira distans (Ehr.) Simonsen Aulacos ira dista ns var. niv alis (W . Sm.) Ha w. Aulacosira granulata (Ehr.) Simonsen Aulacosira granulata var. angustissima (O. Müll.) Simonsen Aulacosira italica (Ehr.) Sim. Aulacosira lirata (Ehr) R. Ross Aulacosira lirata var. lacustris (Grun. in V. H.) R. Ross Aulacosira pfaffiana (Reinsch) Kram. Aulacosira sp. 1 ANS LLB
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 12 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Aulacosira tethera Haworth Bacillaria paradoxa Gmelin in L. Biddulphia laevis Ehr. Pleurosira laevis (Ehr.) Compere 1 Compere 1982 Caloneis amphisbaena (Bory) Cl. Caloneis bacillaris var. thermalis (Grun.) A. Cl. Caloneis bacillum (Grun.) Cl. Caloneis bacillum var. fontinalis Grun. Caloneis cf. undulata CLASON (Greg.) Kramm. Caloneis hyalina Hust. Caloneis lewisii Patr. Caloneis lewisii var. inflata (Schulrz) Patr. Caloneis limosa (Kütz.) Patr. Caloneis macedonica (Greg.) Kramm. Caloneis sp. 1 ? Caloneis sp. 1 ANS CWR NH Caloneis sp. 1 ANS TAC Caloneis tenuis (Greg.) Kramm. Caloneis ventricosa (Ehr.) Meist. Caloneis ventricosa var. alpina Patr. Caloneis ventricosa var. minuta (Grun.) Mills Caloneis ventricosa var. subundulata (Grun.) Patr. Caloneis ventricosa var. truncatula (Grun.) Meist. Campylodiscus hibernicus Ehr. Campylostylus normannianus (Grev.) Gerloff, Natour & Rivera. Capartogramma crucicula (Grun. ex Cl.) Ross Cocconeis cf. diminuta REIMER Pant. Cocconeis disculus (Schumann) Cl. Cocconeis fluviatilis Wallace Cocconeis klamathensis Sov. Cocconeis neodiminuta Kramm. Cocconeis pediculus Ehr. Cocconeis placentula Ehr. Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) Cl. Cocconeis placentula var. lineata (Ehr.) V. H. Cocconeis placentula var. pseudolineata Geitler Cocconeis sp. 1 ? Cocconeis thienemannii Hust. Cocconeis thumensis A. Mayer Cyclostephanos costatilimbus Stoermer, Hakanson,Theriot
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 13 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Cyclostephanos dubius (Fricke in A. Schmidt) Round Cyclostephanos invisitatus (Hohn & Hellerman) Theriot, Stoerm er, & Hakansson Cyclostephanos tholiformis Stoerm., Hak, & Ther. Cyclotella aliquantula Hohn & Hellerm. Cyclotella atomus Hust. Cyclotella bodanica Eulenst. Cyclotella bodanica var. lemanica (O. Müll.) Bachmann Cyclotella comensis Grun. et V.H. Cyclotel la kuetzi ngiana Thw. Cyclotella meneghiniana Kütz. Cyclotella michiganiana Skv. Cyclotella ocellata Pant. Cyclotella pseudostelligera Hust. Cyclotella radiosa (Grun.) Lemm. Cyclotella sp. 1 ? Cyclotella sp. 1 ANS LLB Cyclotella sp. 1 ANS WRC Cyclotella stelligera (Cl. & Grun.) V. H. Cyclotella stelligeroides Hust. Cyclotella striata (Kütz.) Grun. Cyclotella woltereckii Hust. Cylindrotheca gracilis (Bréb. in Kütz.) Grun. in V. H. Cymatopleura elliptica (Bréb. in Kütz.) W. Sm. Cymatopleura solea (Bréb.) W. Sm. Cymatopleura solea var. apiculata (W. Sm.) Ralfs Cymbella affinis Kütz. Cymbella amphicephala Naeg. ex Kütz. Cymbella aspera (Ehr.) H. Perag. Cymbella austriaca Grun. Cymbella brehmii Hust. Encyonema brehmii (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella cesatii (Rabh.) Grun. ex A. S. Encyonopsis cesatii (Rab.) Kram. 1 Krammer 1997 Cymbella cf. gaeumannii Meist. Cymbella cf. microcephala fo. robusta CODY Hust. Cymbella cistula (Ehr.) Kirchn. Cymbella cuspidata Kütz. Cymbopleura cuspidata (Kutz.) 3 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Cymbella cymbiformis Ag. Cymbella cymbiformis var. nonpunctata Font. in Patr. & Reim. Cymbella delicatula Kütz.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 14 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Cymbella diluviana (Krass.) Florin Cymbella gaeumannii Meist. Encyonema gaeumannii (Meist.) Krammer 1 Krammer 1997 Cymbella hauckii V.H. Cymbella hustedtii Krass. Cymbella incerta (Grun.) Cl. Cymbella laevis Naeg. ex Kütz. Cymbella lanceolata (Ag.) Ag. Cymbella leptoceros (Ehr.) Kütz. Cymbella lunata W. Sm. Encyonema lunatum (Smith) V. Heurck 1 Krammer 1997 Cymbella mexicana (Ehr.) Cl. Cymbella mexicana janischii (A.S.) Reimer Cymbella microcephala Grun. Encyonopsis microcephala (Grun.) Krammer 1 Krammer 1997 Cymbella minuta fo. latens (Krass.) Reim. Encyonema latens (Krasske) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella minuta Hilse ex Rabh. Encyonema minutum (Hilse in Raben.) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella minuta var. pseudogracilis (Choln.) Reim. Cymbella minuta var. silesiaca (Bleisch ex Rabh.) Reim. Encyonema silesiacum Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella muelleri Hust. Encyonema muelleri (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella naviculiformis Auersw. ex Héib. Cymbopleura naviculiformis (Auer.) 3 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Cymbella perpusilla A. Cl. Encyonema perpusillum (A Cl.) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella prostrata (Berk.) Cl. Encyonema prostratum (Berk.) Kutz. 1 Krammer 1997 Cymbella prostrata var. auerswaldii (Rabh.) Reim. Encyonema auerswaldii (Rahb.) 1 Rabhenhorst 1853, Krammer 1997 Cymbella pusilla Grun. Navicella pusilla (Grun) Krammer 3 Krammer 1997 Cymbella reichardtii Kramm. Encyonema reichardtii (Krammer) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella sinuata fo. antiqua (Grun.) Reim. not transferred yet Cymbella sp. 1 ? Cymbella sp. 1 ANS CWR NRO Cymbella sp. 1 ANS LLB Cymbella sp. 1 ANS POTO Cymbella sp. 1 ANS WRC Cymbella sp. 1 PIRLA Cymbella sp. 2 ANS LLB Cymbella sp. 2 ANS WRC Cymbella sp. 3 ANS WRC Cymbella sp. 4 ANS NAR STROUD Cymbella sp. 4 ANS WRC Cymbella sp.1 JCK Cymbella subaequalis Grun. Cymbella tenuissima Hust. Encyonema tenuissimum (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et al. 1990 Cymbella triangulum (Ehr.) Cl. Encyonema triangulum (Ehr.) Kutz. 1 Krammer 1997
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 15 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Cymbella tumida (Bréb. ex Kütz.) V. H. Cymbella tumidula Grun. ex A. S. Cymbella turgidula Grun. Cymbellonitzschia diluviana Hust. Denticula elegans Kütz. Denticula kuetzingii var. rumrichae Krammer. Denticula subtilis Grun. Denticula tenuis crassula (Naeg.) Hust. Denticula tenuis Kütz. Desmogonium sp. 1 ? Diatoma anceps (Ehr.) Kirchn. Diatoma hiemale (Roth) Heib. Diatoma mesodon (Ehr.) Kütz. Diatoma moniliformis Kütz. Diatoma tenue Ag. Diatoma tenuis C.A.Agardh 1 Williams 1985 Diatoma tenue var. elongatum Lyngb. Diatoma tenuis C.A.Agardh 1 Williams 1985 Diatoma vulgare Bory Diatoma vulgaris Bory 1 Williams 1985 Diatoma vulgare var. breve Grun. Diatoma vulgaris Bory 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Diatomella balfouriana (W. Sm.) Greville Didymosphenia geminata (Lyngb.) M. Schmidt Diploneis cf. ovalis REIMER (Hilse ex Rabh.) Diploneis elliptica (Kütz.) Cl. Diploneis marginestriata Hust. Diploneis oblongella (Naeg. ex Kütz.) Ross Diploneis pseudovalis Hust. Diploneis puella (Schum.) Cl. Diploneis smithii (Bréb. ex W. Sm.) Cl. Diploneis smithii var. dilatata (M. Perag.) Boyer Diploneis smithii var. pumila (Grun.) Hust. Diploneis subovalis Cl. Entomoneis alata (Ehr.) Ehr. Entomoneis ornata (Bail.) Reim. Entomoneis paludosa (W. Sm.) Reim. Epithemia adnata (Kütz.) Bréb. Epithemia reichelti var. 1 ANS OZRK Epithemia sorex Kütz. Epithemia turgida (Ehr.) Kütz. Eunotia arcus Ehr. Eunotia arcus var. bidens Grun.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 16 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Eunotia bidentula W. Sm. Eunotia camelus Ehr. Eunotia carolina Patr. Eunotia cf. fallax var. gracillima REIMER Krass. Eunotia cf. formica REIMER Ehr. Eunotia cf. muscicola CODY Krass. Eunotia cf. subarcuatoides Alles et al. Eunotia cf. tecta CLASON Eunotia cf. tenella REIMER (Grun.) A. Cl. Eunotia cf. vanheurckii Patr. Eunotia cristagalli Cl. Eunotia curvata (Kütz.) Lagerst. Eunotia curvata var. capitata (Grun.) Woodhead & Tweed Eunotia curvata var. subarcuata (Naeg.) Woodhead & Tweed Eunotia didyma Grun. Eunotia diodon Ehr. Eunotia elegans Østr. Eunotia exigua (Bréb. ex Kütz.) Rabh. Eunotia faba (Ehr.) Grun. in V. H. Eunotia fallax A. Cl. Eunotia flexuosa Bréb. ex Kütz. Eunotia formica Ehr. Eunotia hemicyclus (Ehr.) Karsten Eunotia iatriaensis Foged Eunotia incisa W. Sm. ex Greg. Eunotia intermedia (Krass. ex Hust.) Nörpel & Lange-Bert. Eunotia meisteri Hust. Eunotia microcephala Krass. ex Hust. Eunotia monodon Ehr. Eunotia monodon var. constricta Hust. Eunotia monodon var. major (W. Sm.) Hust. Eunotia muscicola Krass. Eunotia naegelii Migula Eunotia paludosa Grun. Eunotia pectinalis (O. F. Müll.) Rabh. Eunotia pectinalis var. biarcuata (A. Berg) A. Berg Eunotia pectinalis var. minor (Kütz.) Rabh. Eunotia pectinalis var. undulata (Ralfs) Rabh. Eunotia pectinalis var. ventricosa (Ehr.) Grun.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 17 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Eunotia perpusilla Grun. Eunotia polydentula Brun Eunotia praerupta Ehr. Eunotia praerupta var. bidens (Ehr.) Grun. Eunotia rabenhorstii var. monodon Cl. & Grun. ex V. H. Eunotia rhomboidea Hust. Eunotia robusta Ralfs in Pritch. Eunotia robusta var. tetraodon (Ehr.) Ralfs in Pritch. Eunotia serra Ehr. Eunotia serra var. diadema (Ehr.) Patr. Eunotia sp. 1 ? Eunotia sp. 1 ANS ALBE Eunotia sp. 1 ANS CWR Eunotia sudetica O. Müll. Eunotia tautoniensis Hust. ex Patr. Eunotia tenella (Grun.) A. Cl. Eunotia triodon Ehr. Eunotia zasuminensis (Cab.) Körn. Eunotia zygodon Ehr. Fragilaria berolinensis Lange-Bert. Fragilaria bicapitata A. Mayer Fragilariforma bicapitata (Mayer) Round & Williams 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria bidens Heiberg Fragilaria brevistrata var. 1 ANS WRC Fragilaria brevistriata Lange-Bert. Pseudostaurosira brevistriata (Grun.) Williams 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria brevistriata var. capitata Hérib. Fragilaria brevistriata var. inflata (Pant.) Hust. Fragilaria capensis Grun. Fragilaria capucina Desm. Fragilaria capucina var. gracilis (Østr.) Hust. Fragilaria capucina var. lanceolata (Grun.) Hust. Fragilaria capucina var. mesolepta Rabh. Fragilaria cf. brevistriata var. trigona Lange-Bert. Fragilaria cf. capucina var. lanceolata REIMER Grun. in V. H. Fragilaria cf. exigua CODY Grun. Fragilaria cf. subsalina CODY (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Fragilaria constricta Ehr. Fragilariforma constricta (Ehr.) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria constricta fo. stricta (A. Cl.) Hust. Fragilariforma constricta fo. stricta (A.Cl.) Poulin 1 Hamilton et al. 1992 Fragilaria constricta var. trinodis Hust. Fragilariforma constricta fo. trinodis (Hust.) Hamilton 1 Hamilton et al. 1992 Fragilaria construens (Ehr.) Grun.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 18 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Fragilaria construens var. 1 ANS LLB Fragilaria construens var. binodis (Ehr.) Grun. Staurosira construens var. binodis (Ehr.) Hamilton 1 Hamilton et al. 1992 Fragilaria construens var. pumila Grun. Fragilaria construens var. subsalina Hust. Fragilaria construens var. venter (Ehr). Grun. Staurosira construens var. venter (Ehr.) Hamilton 1 Hamilton et al. 1992 Fragilaria crotonensis Kitton Fragilaria famelica (Kütz) L-Bert. Fragilaria floridana Hanna Fragilariforma floridiana (Hanna) Williams 1 Williams 1990 Fragilaria gracillma A. Mayer Fragilaria hungarica var. tumida Cl.-Eul. Fragilariforma hungarica var. tumida (Cl.-Eul.) Hamilton 1 Hamilton et al. 1992 Fragilaria lapponica Grun. Staurosirella lapponica (Grun.) Williams & 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria leptostauron (Ehr.) Hust. Staurosirella leptostauron Ehr. 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria leptostauron var. dubia (Grun.) Hust. Fragilaria nanana Lange-Bert. Fragilaria neoproducta Lange-Bert. Fragilaria nitzschioides Grun. Fragilaria oldenburgiana Hust. Fragilaria pinnata Ehr. Staurosirella pinnata (Her.) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria pinnata var. acuminata A. Mayer Fragilaria pinnata var. intercedens (Grun.) Hust. Staurosirella pinnata var. intercedens (Grun.) Hamilton 1 Hamilton et. al. 1994 Fragilaria pinnata var. lancettula (Schumann) Hust. Fragilaria pinnata var. subcapitata Freng. Fragilaria polygonata Cl.-Eul. Fragilaria sp. 1 ? Fragilaria sp. 1 ANS CWR NC Fragilaria sp. 1 ANS LLB Fragilaria sp. 1 ANS TAC SANT Fragilaria sp. 1 ANS TAC SOFL Fragilaria sp. 18 PIRLA Fragilaria sp. 2 ANS LLB Fragilaria sp. 2 ANS WRC Fragilaria sp. 3 ANS LLB Fragilaria sp. 6 PIRLA Fragilaria spinosa Skv. Fragilaria strangulata (Zanon) Hust. Fragilariforma strangulata (Zanon) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria synegrotesca Lange-Bertalot Fragilaria tenera (W. Sm.) Lange-Bert Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kütz.) Peters. Fragilaria vaucheriae var. 1 ANS WRC
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 19 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Fragilaria vaucheriae var. capitellata (Grun.) Patr. Fragilaria virescens Ralfs Fragilariforma virescens (Ralfs) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1987 Fragilaria virescens var. capitata Østr. Fragilaria virescens var. exigua Grun. in Cl. et Möller Stauroforma exiguiformis Lange-Bertalot, Flower & Jones 3 Flower et. al. 1996 (=Fragilaria exiguiformis) Fragilaria virescens var. exigua Grun. in Cl. et Möller Fragilaria exiguiformis (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot 1993 Frustulia creuzburgensis (Krass.) Hust. Frustulia rhomboides (Ehr.) DeT. Frustulia rhomboides fo. undulata Hust. Frustulia rhomboides var. amphipleuroides (Grun.) DeT. Frustulia rhomboides var. capitata (A. Mayer) Patr. Frustulia rhomboides var. crassinervia (Bréb. ex W. Sm.) Ross Frustulia crassinervia (Breb.) Lange-Bertalot & Krammer 1 Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996 Frustulia rhomboides var. saxonica (Rabh.) DeT. Frustulia saxonica Rabenhorst 1 Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996 Frustulia sp. 1 ? Frustulia sp. 1 ANS TAC SF Frustulia sp. 1 ANS WRC Frustulia spp. Frustulia vulgaris (Thwaites) DeT. Frustulia vulgaris var. muscosa Skv. Frustulia weinholdii Hust. Gomphoneis eriense (Grun.) Skv. & Meyer Gomphoneis eriense var. variabilis Kociolek & Stoermer Gomphoneis herculeana (Ehr.) Cl. Gomphoneis mammilla (Ehr.) Cl. Gomphonema acuminatum Ehr. Gomphonema acuminatum var. elongatum (W. Sm.) Carr. Gomphonema acuminatum var. latic eps (Ehr.) Grun. in V. H. Gomphonema affine Kütz. Gomphonema angustatum (Kütz.) Rabh. Gomphonema angustatum var. intermedia Grun. Gomphonema angustatum var. obtusatum (Kütz.) Grun. Gomphonema angustatum var. productum Grun. Gomphonema angustatum var. sarcophagus (Greg.) Grun. Gomphonema sarcophagus Greg. 1 Reichardt 1999 Gomphonema angustum Ag. Gomphonema apuncto Wallace Gomphonema augur Ehr. Gomphonema bohemicum Reich. & Fricke Gomphonema brasiliense Grun. Gomphonema carolinense Hagelst.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 20 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Gomphonema cf. clevei CODY Fricke Gomphonema kobayasii Kociolek & Kingston 1 Kociolek & Kingston 1999 Gomphonema cf. consector Hohn & Hellerm. Gomphonema cf. parvulum var. parvulius L.-B. & Reichardt in L.-B. Gomphonema cf. puiggarianum var. reducta REIMER Mang. in Bour. et Mang. Gomphonema cf. pumilum CLASON (Grun.) Reich. & L-Bert. Gomphonema clevei Fricke Gomphonema consector Hohn & Hellerm. Gomphonema constrictum clavatum Gomphonema dichotomum Küt z. Gomphonema freesei Lowe&Kociolek Gomphonema gibba Wallace Gomphonema gracile Ehr. emend. V. H. Gomphonema grovei M. Schmidt Gomphonema grunowii Patr. Gomphonema intricatum Kütz. Gomphonema intricatum var. vibrio (Ehr.) Cl. Gomphonema lanceolatum var. insignia Gomphonema manubrium Fricke Gomphonema mehleri Camburn Gomphonema minusculum Krass. Gomphonema minutiforme Lange-Bert. & Reich. Gomphonema olivaceoides Hust. Gomphonema olivaceoides var. hutchinsoniana Patr. Gomphonema olivaceum (Lyngb.) Kütz. Gomphoneis olivaceum (Lyngb.) Dawson 3 Dawson 1974 Gomphonema olivaceum var. minutissimum Hust. Gomphonema olivaceoides Hust. 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986 Gomphonema parvulum (Kütz.) Kütz. Gomphonema parvulum var. exilissima Grun. in V. H. Gomphonema patrickii Kociolek & Stoermer Gomphonema pumilum (Grun.) Reich. & Lange-Bert. Gomphonema rhombicum Fricke Gomphoneis rhombica (Fricke) Merino et al. 3 Merino et. al. 1994 Gomphonema septum Mogh. Gomphonema sp. 1 ? Gomphonema sp. 1 ANS CWR Gomphonema sp. 1 ANS CWR NA Gomphonema sp. 1 ANS CWR NCS Gomphonema sp. 1 PIRLA Gomphonema sp. 1 South Florida TAC Gomphonema sp. 2 ?
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 21 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Gomphonema sp. 2 ANS TAC SF Gomphonema sp.1 JPK Gomphonema sphaerophorum Ehr. Gomphonema subclavatum (Grun.) Grun. Gomphonema subclavatum var. commutatum (Grun.) A. Mayer Gomphonema subclavatum var. mexicanum (Grun.) Patr. Gomphonema subtile Ehr. Gomphonema tackei Hust. Gomphonema tenellum Kütz. Gomphonema minutum (C. A. Agardh) C. A. Agardh 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986 Gomphonema truncatum Ehr. Gomphonema truncatum var. capitatum (Ehr.) Patr. Gomphonema turris Ehr. Gomphonema ventricosum Greg. Gomphonitzschia agma Hohn & Hellerm. Gyrosigma acuminatum (Kütz.) Rabh. Gyrosigma attenuatum (Kütz.) Rabh. Gyrosigma exilis (Grun.) Reim. Gyrosigma eximium (Thwaites) Boyer Gyrosigma macrum (W. Sm.) Griff & Henfr. Gyrosigma nodiferum (Grun.) Reim. Gyrosigma obscurum (W. Sm.) Griff. & Henfr. Gyrosigma obtusatum (Sulliv. & Wormley) Boyer Gyrosigma scalproides (Rabh.) Cl. Gyrosigma sp. 1 ANS LLB Gyrosigma spencerii (Quek.) Griff. & Henfr. Gyrosigma spp. Gyrosigma wormleyi (Sulliv.) Boyer Hannaea arcus (Ehr.) Patr. Hannaea arcus var. amphioxys (Rabh.) Patr. Hantzschia amphioxys (Ehr.) Grun. Hantzschia amphioxys var. vivax Grun. Hantzschia distinctepunctata Hust. Hantzschia virgata (Roper) Grun. Hydrosera whampoensis (Schwartz) Deby Mastogloia elliptica (Ag.) Cl. Mastogloia grevillei W. Sm. Mastoglo ia smit hii Thw. Mastogloia smithii var. amphicephala Grun. Melosira cf. islandica subsp. helvetica REIMER O. Müll.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 22 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Melosira cf. valdii CODY (Grun. ex V.H.) Meist. Melosira distans var. 1 ANS WRC Melosira herzogii Lemm. Melosira italica var. multistriata Patr. Melosira roeseana Rabh. Melosira sp. 1 ? Melosira sp. 1 ANS CWR SSM Melosira sp. 1 ANS WRC Melosira sp. 2 ANS WRC Melosira sulcata var. coronata (Ehr.) Grun. Melosira undulata (Ehr.) Kütz. Melosira varians Ag. Meridion circulare (Grev.) Ag. Meridion circulare var. constrictum (Ralfs) V. H. Navicula abiskoensis Hust. Placoneis abiskoensis (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula accomoda Hust. Craticula accomoda (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula adnata Hust. Navicula agrestis Hust. Navicula aikenensis Patr. Navicula americana Ehr. Sellaphora americana ( Ehr.) Mann 1 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula amnicola Hohn & Hellerm. Navicula anatis Hohn & Hellerm. Navicula anglica Ralfs Placoneis pseudoanglica (Lange-Bertalot) Cox 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986; Cox 1987 Navicula angusta Grun. Navicula arvensis fo. major Mang. Navicula arvensis Hust. Navicula atomus (Kütz.) Grun. Navicula atomus var. permitis (Hust.) Lange-Bert. Navicula auriculata Hust. Fallacia auriculata (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula aurora Sov. Navicula bacilloides Hust. Navicula bacillum Ehr. Sellaphora bacillum (Ehr.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula bicephala Hust. Navicula biconica Patr. Navicula brasiliana Cl. Navicula bremensis Hust. Navicula bryophila Peters. & Østr. Adlafia bryophila (Petersen) Lange-Bertalot 3 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Navicula canalis Patr.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 23 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula canoris Hohn & Hellerm. Navicula capitata Ehr. Hippodonta capitata (Ehr.) Lange-Bertalot, Metzeltin & Witak 3 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula capitata var. hungarica (Grun.) Ross Hippodonta hungarica (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot, Metzeltin & Witak 3 Lange-Bertalot et al. 1996 Navicula capitata var. lunebergensis (Grun.) Patr. Hippodonta lueneburgensis (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot, Metzeltin & 3 Lange-Bertalot et al. 1996 Witak Navicula cari Ehr. Navicula caterva Hohn & Hellerm. Navicula cf. acceptata CODY Hust. Navicula cf. adversa REIMER Krass. Navicula cf. agrestis Hust. Navicula cf. angelica REIMER Ralfs Navicula cf. arvensis REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. bacilloides Hust. Navicula cf. bicephala REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. bremensis CODY Hust. Navicula cf. bryophila CODY Peters. & Østr. Navicula cf. cincta (Ehr.) Ralfs Navicula cf. declivis REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. digitoradiata var. minima CLASON Cl.-Eul. Navicula cf. gottlandica REIMER Grun. Navicula cf. graciloides CODY Mayer Navicula cf. gysingensis Foged Navicula cf. hambergii Hust. Navicula cf. heufleri fo. minuta CODY Grun. in V.H. Navicula cf. hintzii CODY Lange-Bert. Navicula cf. incertata Lange-Bert. Navicula cf. indifferens Hust. Navicula cf. laticeps CODY Hust. Navicula cf. leptostriata CODY Jorg. Navicula cf. libonensis Schoeman Navicula cf. lucens Hust. Navicula cf. notha REIMER Wallace Navicula cf. obsoleta REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. perparva REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. protracta REIMER (Grun.) Cl. Navicula cf. pseudolanceolata CLASON Lange-Bert. Navicula cf. pseudolanceolata Lange-Bert. Navicula cf. pseudoreinhardtii REIMER Navicula cf. radiofallax CODY Lange-Bert.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 24 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula cf. saxophila REIMER W. Bock Navicula cf. schmassmannii CODY Hust. Navicula cf. subalpina CODY Reich. Navicula cf. subarvensis REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. sublucidula Hust. Navicula cf. subrhynchocephala REIMER Reimer-Simonsen. Navicula cf. subrotundata REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. subtilissima var. okam urae REIMER Skv. Navicula cf. trivialis REIMER Lange-Bert. Navicula cf. utermöhii REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. ventosa REIMER Hust. Navicula cf. vitosa CODY Schimanski Navicula cf. zanoni REIMER Hust. Navicula cincta (Ehr.) Ralfs Navicula cincta var. rostrata Reim. Navicula circumtexta Meist. ex Hust. Navicula citrus Krass. Navicula clementioides Hust Placoneis clementoides (Hust.) Cox 1 Cox 1987 Navicula clementis Grun. Placoneis clementis(Grun) Cox 1 Cox 1987 Navicula cocconeiformis Greg. ex Grev. Cavinula cocconeiformis (Greg. ex Grev.) Mann & Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula cohnii (Hilse) Lange-Bert. Luticola cohnii (Hilse) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula complanata (Grun.) Grun in Cl. et Grun. Proshkinia complanata (Grun.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula confervacea (Kütz.) Grun. Diadesmis confervacea Kütz. 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula confervacea fo. rostrata Krass. not transferred yet Navicula constans Hust. not transferred yet Navicula contenta fo. parallela Peters. not transferred yet Navicula contenta Grun. ex V. H. Diadesmis contenta (Grun. ex V Heurck.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula contenta var. biceps (Arnott) V. H. not transferred yet Navicula contraria Patr. Navicula convergens Patr. Navicula costulata Grun. Navicula crucicula (W. Sm.) Donk. Navicula cryptocephala Kütz. Navicula cryptocephala var. exilis Grun. Navicula cryptocephala var. veneta (Kütz.) Rabh. Navicula cryptolyra Brockman Fallacia cryptolyra (Brock.) Stickle and Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula cryptotenella L.B. in Kramm. & L.-B. Navicula cryptotenelloides Lange-Bert. Navicula cuspidata (Kütz.) Kütz. Craticula cuspidata (Kutz.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 25 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula decussis Østr. Geissleria decussis (Ost.) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 3 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula detenta Hust. Navicula difficillima Hust. Navicula disjuncta Hust. Sellaphora disjuncta (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula dystrophica Patr. Navicula eidrigiana Carter Navicula elginensis (Greg.) Ralfs Placoneis elginensis (Greg.) Cox 1 Cox 1987 Navicula elginensis var. neglecta (Krass.) Patr. Navicula erifuga Lange-Bert. Navicula evanida Hust. Navicula exigua Greg. ex Grun. Placoneis exigua (Greg.) Mereschk. 1 Cox 1987 Navicula exigua var. capitata Patr. not transferred yet Navicula explanata Hust. Placoneis explantata (Hust.) Cox 1 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Navicula falaisensis var. lanceola Grun. Navicula festiva Krass. Navicula gallica (W. Sm.) Lagerst. emend. Lange-Bert. Diadesmis gallica W. Smith 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula gallica var. laevissima (Cl.) Lange-Bert. Diadesmis laevissima (Cleve) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula gallica var. perpusilla (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Diadesmis perpusilla (Grun.).Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula gastrum (Ehr.) Kütz. Placoneis gastrum (Ehr.) Meresch. 1 Cox 1987 Navicula genovefae Fusey Navicula globulifera Hust. Navicula goeppertiana (Bleich) H.L. Sm. Luticola goeppertiana Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula gottlandica Grun. Navicula graciloides Mayer Navicula gregaria Donk. Navicula gysingensis Foged Navicula halophila (Grun.) Cl. Craticula halophila (Grun. in Van Heurck) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula halophila fo. tenuirostris Hust. Craticula vixvisibilis (Hust.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot 1993 Navicula hambergii Hust. Navicula harderii Hust. Navicula hassiaca Krass. Navicula hasta Pant. Navicula heufleri var. leptocephala (Brèèb ex Grun.) Perag. Navicula hustedtii Krass. Navicula ignota Krass. Geissleria ignota (Krass.) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 3 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula ignota var. acceptata (Hust.) Lange-Bert. not transferred yet Navicula ignota var. palustris (Hust.) Lund not transferred yet Navicula incerta Grun. in V. H. Navicula incomposita var. 1 ANS NAR
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 26 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula indifferens Hust. Fallacia indifferens (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula ingenua Hust. Navicula integra (W. Sm.) Ralfs Navicula invicta Hust. Navicula jaernefelti Hust. Cavinula jaernefelti (Hust.) Mann and Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula kotschyi Grun. Navicula krasskei Hust. Navicula laevissima Kütz. Sellaphora laevissima (Kutz.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula lanceolata (Ag.) Kütz. Navicula trivialis Lange-Bertalot 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Navicula latelongitudinalis Patr. Navicula lateropunctata Wallace Navicula leptostriata Jorg. Navicula libonensis Schoeman Navicula luzonensis Hust. Navicula mediacomplexa Hohn & Hellerm. Navicula medioconvexa Hust. Navicula mediocris Krass. Navicula menisculus Schum. Navicula menisculus var. upsaliensis (Grun.) Grun. Navicula minima Grun. Navicula minuscula Grun. Adlafia minuscula(Grun.) Lange-Bertalot 3 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Navicula minuscula var. muralis (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Adlafia minuscula var. muralis (Grun.) Lange Bertalot 3 Lange-Bertalot & Genkal 1999 Navicula mitigata Hust. Luticola mitigata (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mitigata Hust. Luticola mitigata Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mitigata Hust. Luticola mitigata Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mobiliensis Boyer Navicula mobiliensis var. minor Patr. Navicula modica Hust. Navicula molestiformis Hust. Navicula monoculata Hust. Fallacia monoculata Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula monoculata Hust. Fallacia monoculata (Hust.)Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula monoculata Hust. Fallacia monoculata Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mutica fo. undulata (Hilse) Cl. Luticola undulata (Hilse) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mutica Kütz. Luticola mutica (Kutz.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula mutica var. stigma Patr. not transferred yet Navicula mutica var. ventricosa (Kütz.) Cl. & Grun. Luticola ventricosa (Kutz.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula muticoides Hust. Luticola muticoides (Hust.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula notha Wallace Navicula oblonga Østr.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 27 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula obsidialis Hust. Navicula obsoleta Hust. Navicula occulta Krass. Navicula ochridana Hust. Navicula omissa Hust. Fallacia omissa (Hust.)Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula orangiana Patr. Navicula paratunkae Peters. Navicula paucivisitata Patr. Navicula pelliculosa Hilse Navicula peregrina (Ehr.) Kütz. Navicula perminuta Grun. Navicula phyllepta Kütz. Navicula placenta Ehr. Navicula placentula (Ehr.) Grun. Placoneis placentula (Ehr.) Hienzerling 1 Cox 1987 Navicula porifera (Hust.) Lange-Bert. not transferred yet Navicula protracta (Grun.) Cl. Navicula pseudoarvensis Hust. Navicula pseudobryophila Hust. Navicula pseudoreinhardtii Patr. Navicula pseudoscutiformis Hust. Cavinula pseudoscutiformis (Grun. ex A. Schm.) Mann.& Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula pseudoventralis Hust. Navicula pupula Kütz. Sellaphora pupula (Kutz.) Mereschkowsky 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula pupula var. aquaductae (Krass.) Hust. not transferred yet Navicula pupula var. capitata Skv. & Meyer Sellaphora pupula var. capitata Skvo. & Mayer 1 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula pupula var. elliptica Hust. not transferred yet Navicula pupula var. mutata (Krass.) Hust. Sellaphora mutata (Krass.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula pupula var. rectangularis (Greg.) Grun. Sellaphora rectangularis (Greg.) Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1 Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996 Navicula pupula var. rostrata Hust. not transferred yet Navicula pusilla W. Sm. Cosmioneis pusilla (W. Smith) Mann & Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula pygmaea Kütz. Fallacia pygmaea (Kutz.) Stickle and Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula radiosa Kütz. Navicula radiosa var. parva Wallace Navicula recens Lange-Bert. Navicula reinhardtii (Grun.) Grun. Navicula rhynchocephala Kütz. Navicula rhynchocephala var. amphiceros (Kütz.) Grun. Navicula rhynchocephala var. germainii (Wallace) Patr. Navicula germainii Wallace 1 Patrick & Reimer 1966, Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986 Navicula salinarum Grun.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 28 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula salinarum var. intermedia (Grun.) Cl. Navicula capitatoradiata Germain 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986 Navicula sanctae-crucis Østr. Navicula savannahiana Patr. Navicula schadei Krass. Navicula schoenfeldii Hust. Geissleria schoenfeldii (Hust.) lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 3 Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996 Navicula schroeteri var. escambia Patr. Navicula scutelloides W. Sm. ex Greg. Cavinula scutelloides (W. Sm.) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996 Navicula scutiformis Grun. Cavinula scutiformis (Grun. ex A.Schm.) Mann and Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula secreta var. apiculata Patr. Navicula secura Patr. Navicula seminuloides Hust. Navicula seminulum Grun. Sellaphora seminulum (Grun.) Mann 1 Mann 1989 Navicula seminulum var. intermedia Hust. not transferred yet Navicula similis Krass. Geissleria similis (Krass.) Lange-Bertalot and Metzeltin 3 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Navicula sp. 1 ? Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR LCB Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR LEM Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NA Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NB Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NC Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NH Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NHO Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NI Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NIC Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NJ Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NL Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NP Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NPE Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NPS Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NRP Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NRT Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NS Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NSM Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NSP Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NSR Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR NT Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR SMPX Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR SRG
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 29 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula sp. 1 ANS CWR SSB Navicula sp. 1 ANS HDSN Navicula sp. 1 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 1 ANS T AC SCTX Navicula sp. 1 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 10 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 107 PIRLA Navicula sp. 11 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 11 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 13 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 14 ANS WRC AM Navicula sp. 15 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 2 ? Navicula sp. 2 ANS CWR Navicula sp. 2 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 3 ANS CWR Navicula sp. 4 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 5 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 5 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 6 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 7 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 7 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 8 ANS LLB Navicula sp. 8 ANS WRC Navicula sp. 9 ANS LLB Navicula sparsistriata Hust. Navicula stroemii Hust. Navicula subarvensis Hust. Navicula subfasciata Patr. Navicula subhamulata Grun. Fallacia subhamulata (Grun.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula subminuscula Mang. Navicula submolesta Hust. Craticula submolesta (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot 1 Lange-Bertalot 1996 Navicula submuralis Hust. Navicula subrhyncocephala Hust. Navicula subtilissima Cl. Kobayasiella subtilissima (Cl.) Lange-Bertalot. 1 Lange-Bertalot 1998 Navicula symmetrica Patr. Navicula tantula Hust. Navicula tenelloides Hust. Navicula tenera Hust. Fallacia tenera (Hust.) Mann 1 Reichardt 1997
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 30 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Navicula tridentula Krass. Navicula tripunctata (O. F. Müll.) Bory Navicula tripunctata var. schizonemoides (V. H.) Patr. Navicula tugelae Choln. Navicula kriegeri Krass. 1 M. Potapova thinks these are synonyms Navicula tuscula (Ehr.) Grun. Aneumastus tusculus(Ehr.) Mann and Stickle 1 Round et. al. 1990 Navicula utermoehlii Hust. Navicula vandamii Schoeman & Archibald Navicula viridula (Kütz.) Kütz. emend. V. H. Navicula viridula var. 1 ANS LLB Navicula viridula var. argunensis Skv. Navicula viridula var. avenacea (Breb. ex Grun.) V.H. Navicula viridula var. linearis Hust. Navicula viridula var. rostellata (Kütz.) Cl. Navicula vitabunda Hust. Navicula wallacei Reim. Navicula wildii Lange-Bert. Neidium affine (Ehr.) Pfitz. Neidium affine var. amphirhynchus (Ehr.) Cl. Neidium affine var. ceylonicum (Skv.) Reim. Neidium affine var. longiceps (Greg.) Cl. Neidium alpinum Hust. Neidium ampliatum (Ehr.) Kramm. Neidium apiculatum Reim. Neidium apiculatum var. constrictum Reim. Neidium binode (Ehr.) Hust. Neidium bisulcatum (Lagerst.) Cl. Neidium cf. clementoides REIMER Neidium cf. hankensis REIMER Skv. Neidium cf. hermanii REIMER Hust. Neidium dubium (Ehr.) Cl. Neidium dubium var. 1 ANS CWR NNE (Grun.) Cl. Neidium hankensis Skv. Neidium hercynicum A. Mayer Neidium hercynicum fo. subrostratum Wallace Neidium iridis (Ehr.) Cl. Neidium iridis var. ampliatum (Ehr.) Cl. Neidium ladogense var. densestriatum (Østr.) Foged Neidium productum (W. Sm.) Cl.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 31 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Neidium sp. 1 ? Neidium sp. 1 ANS CWR Nitzschia accommodata Hust. Nitzschia acicularioides Hust. Nitzschia acicularis (Kütz.) W. Sm. Nitzschia acuta Hantz. ex. Cl. et Grun. Tryblionella acuta (Cl.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia aequorea Hust. Nitzschia aerophila Hust. Tryblionella aerophila (Hust.).Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia agnita Hust. Nitzschia amphibia fo. frauenfeldii (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Nitzschia amphibia Grun. Nitzschia amphibioides Hust. Nitzschia angustata (W. Sm.) Grun. Nitzschia angustatula Lange-Bert. Nitzschia aurariae Choln. Nitzschia bacilliformis Hust. Nitzschia bacillum Hust. Nitzschia bergii Cl.-Eul. Nitzschia biacrula Hohn & Hellerm. Nitzschia bita Hohn & Hellerm. Nitzschia brevissima Grun. in V. H. Nitzschia calida Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Tryblionella calida (Grun.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia capitellata Hust. Nitzschia capitellata var. siberica Skv. Nitzschia cf. aerophila CLASON Hust. Nitzschia cf. aerophila REIMER Hust. Nitzschia cf. archibaldii CODY Lange-Bert. Nitzschia cf. capitellata REIMER Hust. Nitzschia cf. flexa CLASON Schum. Nitzschia cf. frustulum var. perminuta Grun. Nitzschia cf. lacuum Lange-Bert. Nitzschia cf. legleri CODY Hust. Nitzschia cf. obsidialis REIMER Hust. Nitzschia cf. palea (Kütz.) W. Sm. Nitzschia cf. paleacea Grun. Nitzschia cf. plana REIMER W. Sm. Nitzschia cf. punctata var. coarctata REIMER Grun in Cl et Müll. Nitzschia cf. solita CLASON Hust. Nitzschia cf. sublineais REIMER Hust.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 32 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Nitzschia cf. sundaensis Hust. Nitzschia cf. tarda REIMER Hust. Nitzschia cf. tubicola Grun. in Cleve & Grun. Nitzschia circumsuta (J. W. Bail.) Grun. Tryblionella circumsuta (Bailey) Ralfs 1 Pritchard 1861, Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia clausii Hantz. Nitzschia communis Rabh. Nitzschia commutata Grun. Nitzschia compressa (Baily) Boyer Nitzschia compressa var. vexans (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Nitzschia confinis Hust. Nitzschia constricta (Kütz.) Ralfs Tryblionella apiculata Greg. 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia constricta var. subconstricta Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia desertorum Hust. Nitzschia diserta Hust. Nitzschia dissipata (Kütz.) Grun. Nitzschia dissipata var. media (Hantz.) Grun. Nitzschia draveillensis Coste & Ricard Nitzschia dubia W. Sm. Nitzschia elegantula Grun. Nitzschia filiformis (W. Sm.) V. H. Nitzschia flexa Schum. Nitzschia flexoides Geitler Nitzschia fonticola Grun. Nitzschia fonticola var. pelagica Hust. Nitzschia frequens Hust. Nitzschia frustulum (Kütz.) Grun. Nitzschia frustulum var. perminuta Grun. Nitzschia perminuta (Grun.) Peragallo 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1988 Nitzschia frustulum var. subsalina Hust. Nitzschia frustulum (Kütz.) Grunow 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1988 Nitzschia fruticosa Hust. Nitzschia geitleri Hust. Nitzschia gracilis Hantz. ex Rabh. Nitzschia gracilliformis Lange-Bert. & Simon. Nitzschia hantzschiana Rabh. Nitzschia heufleriana Grun. Nitzschia hungarica Grun. Tryblionella hungarica (Grun,) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia incognita Leg. & Krass. Nitzschia inconspicua Grun. Nitzschia intermedia Hantz. ex Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia lacunarum Hust.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 33 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Nitzschia lacuum Lange-Bert. Nitzschia lanceolata W. Sm. Nitzschia liebethruthii Rabh. Nitzschia linearis (Ag. ex W. Sm.) W. Sm. Nitzschia linearis var. subtilis Hust. Nitzschia linearis var. tenuis (W. Sm.) Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia littoralis Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Tryblionella littoralis (Grun. in Cl & Grun.) Mann 1 Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia lorenziana var. subtilis Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia mediastalsis Hohn & Hellerm. Nitzschia microcephala Grun. Nitzschia nana Grun. in V. H. Nitzschia normanii Grun. in V. H. Nitzschia obtusa var. scalpelliformis Grun. in Cl. et Möller Nitzschia obtusa W. Sm. Nitzschia palea (Kütz.) W. Sm. Nitzschia palea var. debilis (Kütz.) Grun. Nitzschia palea var. sumatrana Hust. Nitzschia palea var. tenuirostris Grun. Nitzschia paleacea Grun. in V. H. Nitzschia paleaeformis Hust. Nitzschia panduriformis var. continua Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia panduriformis var. minor Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia parvula W. Sm. Nitzschia pellucida Grun. Nitzschia phillipinarum Hust. Nitzschia pumila Hust. Nitzschia pura Hust. Nitzschia pusilla Grun. Nitzschia radicula var. rostrata Hust. Nitzschia rautenbachiae Choln. Nitzschia recta Hantz. ex Rabh. Nitzschia reversa W. Sm. Nitzschia rostellata Hust. Nitzschia sigma (Kütz.) W. Sm. Nitzschia sigmoidea (Nitz.) W. Sm. Nitzschia silicula Hust. Nitzschia siliqua Arch. Nitzschia similis Hust. Nitzschia sinuata var. delognei (Grun.) Lange-Bert.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 34 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Nitzschia sinuata var. tabellaria (Grun.) Grun. in V.H. Nitzschia sociabilis Hust. Nitzschia solita Hust. Nitzschia sp. 1 ? Nitzschia sp. 1 ANS CWR Nitzschia sp. 1 ANS LLB Nitzschia sp. 1 ANS NAR USNK Nitzschia sp. 1 ANS WRC Nitzschia sp. 10 ANS WRC Nitzschia sp. 12 ANS WRC Nitzschia sp. 13 ANS WRC Nitzschia sp. 2 ? Nitzschia sp. 2 ANS LLB Nitzschia sp. 3 ANS LLB Nitzschia sp. 4 ANS LLB Nitzschia sp. 5 ANS LLB Nitzschia sp. 7 ANS WRC Nitzschia stagnorum (Rabh.) Grun. Nitzschia subacicularis Hust. Nitzschia subcommunis Hust. Nitzschia sublinearis Hust. Nitzschia subtilis Grun. Nitzschia supralitorea Lange-Bert. Nitzschia tarda Hust. Nitzschia terrestris (Peterson) Hust. Nitzschia thermalis Kütz. Nitzschia thermalis var. minor Hilse Nitzschia tropica Hust. Nitzschia tryblionella var. debilis (Arnott) Hust. Nitzschia tryblionella var. levidensis (W. Sm.) Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Tryblionella levidensis Wm. Sm. 1 Smith 1856, Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia tryblionella var. maxima Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia tryblionella var. victoriae (Grun.) Grun. in Cl. et Möller Tryblionella victoriae Grun. 1 Grunow 1862, Round et. al. 1990 Nitzschia tubicola Grun. in Cl. et Grun. Nitzschia umbilicata Hust. Nitzschia valdestriata Aleem & Hust. Nitzschia vasta Hust. Nitzschia vermicularis (Kütz.) Hantz. in Rabh. Nitzschia vitrea Norman Opephora martyi Hérib. Martyana martyii (Hérib.) Round 3 Round et al. 1990
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 35 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Opephora olsenii M Moller Peronia fibula (Bréb. ex Kütz.) Ross Pinnularia abaujensis (Pant.) Ross Pinnularia abaujensis var. linearis (Hust.) Patr. Pinnularia abaujensis var. rostrata (Patr.) Patr. Pinnularia abaujensis var. subundulata (A. Mayer ex Hust.) Patr. Pinnularia acrosphaeria (Bréb.) W. Sm. Pinnularia acrosphaeria var. 1 ANS CWR NI Pinnularia appendiculata (Ag.) Cl. Pinnularia biceps fo. petersenii Ross Pinnularia biceps Greg. Pinnularia borealis Ehr. Pinnularia borealis var. rectangularis Carlson Pinnularia boyeri Patr. Pinnularia braunii (Grun.) Cl. Pinnularia braunii var. amphicephala (A. Mayer) Hust. Pinnularia brebissonii (Kütz.) Rabh. Pinnularia brebissonii var. diminuta (Grun.) Cl. Pinnularia cf. abaujensis var. subundulata REIME (A. Mayer ex Hust.) Patr. Pinnularia cf. kuetzingii CODY Kramm. Pinnularia cf. rivularis REIMER Hust. Pinnularia cf. subcapitata REIMER Greg. Pinnularia dactylus Ehr. Pinnularia divergens var. bacillaris (M. Perag.) Mills Pinnularia divergens W. Sm. Pinnularia divergentissima (Grun.) Cl. Pinnularia formica (Ehr.) Patr. Pinnularia gentilis (Donk.) Cl. Pinnularia ignobilis (Krass.) Cl-Eul. Pinnularia intermedia (Lagerst.) Cl. Pinnularia lata (Bréb.) Wm. Sm. Pinnularia latevittata Cl. Pinnularia legumen (Ehr.) Ehr. Pinnularia lundii Hust. Pinnularia macilenta (Ehr.) Ehr. Pinnularia maior (Kütz.) Rabh. Pinnularia maior var. pulchella Boyer Pinnularia mesogongyla Ehr.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 36 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Pinnularia mesolepta (Ehr.) W. Sm. Pinnularia mesolepta var. robusta Foged Pinnularia microstauron (Ehr.) Cl. Pinnularia microstauron brebissonii Mayer Pinnularia brebissonii (Kütz.) Rabh. 1 Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991 Pinnularia nodosa (Ehr.) W. Sm. Pinnularia obscura Krass. Pinnularia rupestris Hautz. Pinnularia ruttneri Hust. Pinnularia sp. 1 ? Pinnularia sp. 1 ANS CWR Pinnularia sp. 1 ANS CWR NR Pinnularia sp. 1 ANS CWR SPN Pinnularia sp. 2 ? Pinnularia stomatophora (Grun.) Cl. Pinnularia subcapitata Greg. Pinnularia subcapitata var. paucistriata (Grun.) Cl. Pinnularia subgibba Kramm. Pinnularia substomatophora Hust. Pinnularia sudetica (Hilse) M. Perag. Pinnularia termitina (Ehr.) Patr. Pinnularia viridis (CAF) Pinnularia viridis (Nitz.) Ehr. Plagiotropis lepidoptera (Greg.) Kuntze Plagiotropis lepidoptera var. proboscidea (Cl.) Reim. Pleurosigma delicatulum W. Sm. Pleurosigma elongatum W. Sm. Pleurosigma salinarum Grun. Reimeria sinuata (Greg.) Kociolek & Stoermer Rhoicosphenia curvata (Kütz.) Grun. ex Rabh. Rhopalodia brebissonii Kramm. Rhopalodia gibba (Ehr.) O. Müll. Rhopalodia gibba var. ventricosa (Kütz.) H. & M. Perag. Rhopalodia gibberula (Ehr.) O. Müll. Rhopalodia gibberula var. vanheurckii O. Müll. Rhopalodia musculus (Kütz.) O. Müll. Rhopalodia operculata (C. Ag.) Hääkens. Rhopalodia rupestris (W. Sm.) Kramm. Simonsenia delognei (Grun.) Lange-Bert. Skeletonema potamos (Weber) Hasle
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 37 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Stauroneis agrestis Peters. Stauroneis anceps Ehr. Stauroneis anceps fo. americana Reim. Stauroneis anceps fo. gracilis Rabh. Stauroneis borrichii (Peters.) Lund Stauroneis cf. prominula REIMER (Grun. in Cl. et Müll.) Hust. Stauroneis cf. thermicola REIMER (Peters.) Lund Stauroneis ignorata Hust. Stauroneis ignorata var. rupestris (Skv.) Reim. Stauroneis kriegeri Patr. Stauroneis legumen (Ehr.) Kütz. Stauroneis livingstonii Reim. Stauroneis nobilis Schum. Stauroneis obtusa Lagerst. Stauroneis phoenicenteron (Nitz.) Ehr. Stauroneis phoenicenteron fo. gracilis (Ehr.) Hust. Stauroneis pseudosubobtusoides Germain Stauroneis smithii Grun. Stauroneis smithii var. incisa Pant. Stauroneis smithii var. sagitta (Cl.) Hust. Stauroneis sp. 1 ? Stauroneis sp. 1 ANS CWR Stauroneis sp. 1 ANS WRC Stauroneis spp. Stauroneis staurolineata Reim. Stauroneis tackei Kramm. & Lange-Bert. Stauroneis thermicola (Peters.) Lund Stauroneis thermicola var. lanceolata (Hust.) Hust. Stauroneis truncata Lund Stenopterobia densestriata (Hust.) Kramm. Stenopterobia intermedia (Lewis) V. H. Stephanodiscus agassizensis Hååkansson & Kling Stephanodiscus cf. agassizensis Hååkansson & Kling Stephanodiscus hantzschii Grun. Stephanodiscus medius Hååkansson Stephanodiscus minutulus (Kütz.) Cleve & Moller Stephanodiscus niagarae Ehr. Stephanodiscus parvus Stoerm. & Hååkansson Stephanodiscus sp. 1 ?
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 38 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Stephanodiscus sp. 2 ANS WRC Stephanodiscus sp.1 ANS LJM LINJ Stephanodiscus sp.1 JCK Stephanodiscus tenuis Hust. Stephanodiscus vestibulis Hakansson,Theriot,Stoermer Surirella alicula Hohn & Hellerm. Surirella amphioxys W. Sm. Surirella angusta Kütz. Surirella biseriata Bréb. Surirella bohemica Maly Surirella brebissonii Kramm. & Lange-Bert. Surirella brightwellii W. Sm. Surirella cf. ovata var. africana CODY Choln. Surirella delicatissima Lewis Surirella elegans Ehr. Surirella guatimalensis Ehr. Surirella linearis var. constricta Grun. Surirella linearis W. Sm. Surirella minuta Bréb. Surirella ovalis Bréb. Surirella ovata var. africana Choln. Surirella ovata var. pinnata (W. Sm.) Brun Surirella robusta Ehr. Surirella robusta var. splendida fo. constricta Hust. Surirella sp. 1 ? Surirella sp. 1 ANS LLB Surirella sp. 1 ANS WRC AM Surirella spiralis Kütz. in Kramm. & L.B. Surirella stalagma Hohn & Hellerm. Surirella suecica Grun. in V. H. Surirella tenera Greg. Surirella tenera var. nervosa A. S. Synedra acus Kütz. Synedra amphicephala Kütz. Synedra amphicephala var. austriaca (Grun.) Hust. Synedra capitata Ehr. Synedra cf. amphicephala REIMER Kütz. Synedra cf. famelica REIMER Kütz. Synedra cyclopum Brutschy
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 39 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Synedra delicatissima var. angustissima Grun. Synedra delicatissima W. Sm. Synedra fasciculata (Ag.) Kütz. Tabularia tabulata (C.A. Ag.) Snoeijs 1 Snoeijs 1992 Synedra fasciculata var. truncata (Grev.) Patr. Tabularia fasciculata (Ag.) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1986 Synedra filiformis var. exilis Cl.-Eul. Synedra goulardi Bréb. Synedra incisa Boyer Synedra mazamaensis Sov. Synedra minuscula Grun. Synedra parasitica (W. Sm.) Hust. Synedra parasitica var. 1 ANS LLB Synedra parasitica var. subconstricta (Grun.) Hust. Synedra planktonica Hains & Sebring Synedra pulchella Ralfs ex Kütz. Ctenophora pulchella (Ralfs ex Kutz.) Williams & Round 1 Williams & Round 1986 Synedra pulchella var. lacerata Hust. Synedra radians Kütz. Synedra rumpens Kütz. Synedra rumpens var. familiaris (Kütz.) Hust. Synedra rumpens var. fragilarioides Grun. Synedra rumpens var. meneghiniana Grun. Synedra socia Wallace Synedra sp. 1 ? Synedra sp. 1 ANS CWR LS Synedra sp. 1 ANS CWR NCR Synedra sp. 1 ANS CWR NV Synedra ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. Synedra ulna var. contracta Østr. Synedra ulna var. danica (Kütz.) V. H. Synedra ulna var. oxyrhynchus (Kütz.) V. H. Synedra ulna var. oxyrhynchus fo. mediocontracta (Fonti) Hust. Synedra ulna var. ramesi (Hérib.) Hust. Tabellaria fenestrata (Lyngb.) Kütz. Tabellaria flocculosa (CAF) Tabellaria flocculosa (Roth) Kütz. Tabellaria flocculosa (strain IIIp) sensu Koppen Tabellaria flocculosa (strain IV) sensu Koppen Terpsinoe musica Ehr. Tetracyclus sp. 1 ANS USNK Tetracyclus sp. 2 ANS USNK
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 40 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Name in 1994 Taxa List New Name Category Reference Thalassiosira fluviatilis Hust. Thalassiosira pseudonana Hasle & Heimdal Thalassiosira visurgis Hust. Thalassiosira weissflogii (Grun.) Fryxell & Hasle Und. diatom genera 1 ANS LLB
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 41 PATRICK CENTER41 FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCHPATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH APPENDIX 3 Comments by Marina Potapova and Eduardo A. Morales
Patrick Center for Environmental Research The Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, PA.
Participants of the workshop reviewed the recent literature on diatom taxonomy and suggested a number of taxonomic changes. Those suggestions were discussed in the course of the workshop and all the proposed changes were assigned to one of the 3 categories mentioned in the main text.
1. Achnanthes sensu lato (= Achnanthidium in Round et al. 1990). Round and co-authors recently proposed several new generic names for taxa formerly placed within Achnanthes and redefined the concept of Achnanthidium (Bukhtiyarova & Round 1996, Round & Bukhtiyarova 1996, Round & Basson 1997). After discussing these taxonomic revisions we decided to accept the following genera for the 1997 taxa list: - Achnanthidium Kützing (Achnanthes minutissima Kützing and A. microcephala (Kützing) Grunow species group),
- Psammothidium Bukhtiyarova & Round (for Achnanthes marginulata Grunow species group),
- Lemnicola Round & Basson (Achnanthes hungarica (Grunow) Grunow), and
- Karayevia Bukhtiyarova & Round (Achnanthes clevei Grunow in Cl.&Grun. species group).
Separation of these new genera seems to be warranted by a combination of distinctive morphological and ecological features. In contrast, we decided not to use the newly proposed Rossithidium and Planothidium (Round and Bukhtiyarova 1996). Rossithidium does not seem to be a clearly defined group and further investigation is required to determine its appropriate status. Planothidium is clearly morphologically distinct from others members of Achnanthes sensu lato, but it seems to combine two morphologically and ecologically different groups or 'clusters of species' (in Round's terminology) - the A. lanceolata and the A. delicatula groups. Thus, Planothidium can be considered as an artificial collection of species.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 42 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH We also discussed the case of the genus Nupela Vyvermann & Compère. This genus was first described to include naviculoid taxa closely related to either Brachysira or Diadesmis (Vyvermann & Compère 1991). In a recent publication, Metzeltin & Lange-Bertalot (1998) have included monoraphid taxa within Nupela. The reasons for this are largely unclear, and until this situation is clarified, we have decided not to adopt Nupela for our 1997 taxa list.
Round et al. (1990) write that their 'concept of Eucocconeis is narrower than that of Cleve (1894-5) but is near to that of Hustedt (1930)' who included only E. flexella and E. lapponica into this genus. Lange-Bertalot has a wider concept of Eucocconeis and transferred several species previously in Achnanthes into this genus (Lange-Bertalot & Genkal 1998). We agreed with this latter position and accepted the transfer of both A. flexella and A. laevis into Eucocconeis.
We recognized that 'Achnanthes lanceolata var. dubia Grunow' present in the 1994 taxa list is in fact a collection of several species that vary in their valve outline and presence of the depression or 'tunnel-like' structure on the pseudoraphe valve. We understand that each of these taxa are in reality clearly defined species. Therefore, Round and Bukhtiyarova (1996) were correct in raising them to the species level (Planothidium dubium, P. rostratum, and P. frequentissimum). However, since we agreed not to use Planothidium, we will be using the names in Lange-Bertalot (1996), who treated those species as subspecies within Achnanthes lanceolata.
There is uncertainty about the separation of taxa known as Achnanthes lanceolata var. omissa Reimer, A. lanceolata var. elliptica Cl. sensu Straub, and A. joursacence Héribaud. There is a possibility that those taxa are conspecific as suggested by Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1991) at least for Achnanthes lanceolata var. omissa Reimer and A. joursacence Héribaud, but at the present we cannot prove this. Further research is required to clarify the position of these taxa. All three names are included in our 1997 taxa list.
Another difficult group of species within Achnanthes sensu lato is the complex formed by Achnanthes delicatula and Achnanthes hauckiana. Original material of A. delicatulum Kützing is not available. Grunow in Cleve & Grunow (1880) described A. delicatula as a species with rostrate ends and striae density of about 15/10 :m. On the other hand, his illustrations of A. hauckiana have a coarser striation (9str/10 :m). Lange-Bertalot & Ruppel (1980) have chosen a species from Van Heurck Type de Synopsis 234 as a neotype for A. delicatula. This species is illustrated in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1991, Taf.39, figs. 1-5). It is finely striated (15/10 :m), but has only slightly set off ends. Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1991) also include species with rostrate ends in their A. delicatula ssp. delicatula (Taf.39, figs 6-14). We think that description and illustrations of Achnanthes hauckiana var. rostrata Schulz in Patrick & Reimer (1966) correspond to the same species. For the relatively finely striated species (Taf. 39, figs 1-14 in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991) we will use the name A. delicatula (Kützing) Grunow.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 43 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Achnanthes delicatula ssp. hauckiana of Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1991,Taf.40, figs 1-7, lectotype) is a coarsely striated species and corresponds to the original description of A. hauckiana by Grunow. For this taxon we will use the name Achnanthes hauckiana Grunow in Cl.&Grunow.
2. Amphora species Following the taxonomic revision by Krammer (1980), and the prevailing tendency in modern ecological literature to use his concept for Amphora, we decided to change the names Amphora ovalis var. affinis (Kützing) V.H. ex DeT and A. ovalis var. pediculus (Kützing) V.H. ex DeT to A. libyca Ehrenberg, and A. perpusilla Grunow to A. pediculus (Kützing) Grunow.
3. Brachysira Kützing Round & Mann (1981) resurrected this genus and showed that many species formerly known as Anomoeoneis sensu Hustedt should be transferred to Brachysira Kützing. We have chosen to use the name Brachysira for four species in the 1994 taxa list. However, the transfer of Anomoeoneis serians var. acuta Hustedt is questionable. Lange-Bertalot and Moser (1994) wrote that the identity of this taxon is not clear and it probably corresponds to one of their newly described species of Brachysira; namely, B. neoacuta Lange-Bertalot or B. wygashii Lange-Bertalot. Since Anomoeoneis serians var. acuta has been recorded only once in NAWQA samples, and its occurrence has not been properly documented, we were not able to establish its identity clearly.
4. Biddulphia - Pleurosira (Menegh.) Trevisan Compère (1982) re-established the genus Pleurosira and noted that the diatom known as Biddulphia laevis Ehrenberg or Melosira (subgenus Pleurosira) thermalis Menegh. is the type species of this genus and should be named Pleurosira laevis (Ehrenberg) Compère.
5. Cymbella sensu lato We considered five genus names suggested for species within former genus Cymbella. We accepted Encyonema Kützing, Reimeria Kociolek & Stoermer, and Encyonopsis Krammer, and rejected Cymbopleura Krammer, and Navicella Krammer. Encyonema and Encyonopsis differ from Cymbella by the raphe system orientation as well as by characteristics of the plastid and position of the nucleus. Encyonopsis is readily distinguished from Encyonema by its quasi-naviculoid valve outline, small size, and the minute external opening of the areolae.
Cymbopleura was described as a subgenus of Cymbella by Krammer (1982), and later the same author raised it to the generic level (Krammer 1997). We agree with Round et al. (1990) that Krammer's arguments for separation of this genus are not sufficiently
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 44 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH convincing. A similar argument can be used in the consideration of Navicella, a genus proposed by Krammer (1997) to include Cymbella pusilla. This transfer was based on valve ultrastructure.
We considered that there are sufficient favorable arguments to consider Reimeria as a true distinct genus. We have adopted the name R. sinuata (Gregory) Kociolek & Stoermer. However, we will continue to use the name Cymbella sinuata fo. antiqua Grunow since it has not been officially transferred into Reimeria.
For Cymbella prostrata var. auerswaldii (Rabh.) Reimer, we prefer to use the name Encyonema auerswaldii (Rabh.). This decision is based on our need to use the name Encyonema rather than Cymbella for this taxon, since the features of our specimens fit better in the former genus. The historical background of this taxon is very obscure and goes back to 1844 when Kützing included caespitosum and prostratum forms under the name Encyonema prostratum. Later Kützing himself (Kützing 1849) split this later taxon into a more defined E. prostratum and a second part that he called Encyonema caespitosum. The rest of the history can be found in Patrick & Reimer (1975) and Krammer (1997). Our concept of E. auerswaldii includes E. caespitosum Kützing and E. auerswaldii Rabh. sensu Krammer (Krammer 1997)
6. Diatoma species Our 1994 taxa list followed the Patrick and Reimer concept of Diatoma tenue Agardh and D. tenue var. elongatum Lyngb. Taxonomic revision of Diatoma (Williams 1985) showed that the two species mentioned above are conspecific and that the valid name for this species should be Diatoma tenuis Agardh. Williams (1985) synonymized Diatoma vulgare Bory and D. vulgare var. breve Grunow. We agree that the breve variety is most likely to be included within Diatoma vulgaris since it follows within the size range of the latter taxon.
7. Fragilaria sensu lato The following new fragilarioid genera have been accepted - Fragilariforma Williams & Round
- Pseudostaurosira Williams & Round
- Staurosira Ehr., and
- Staurosirella Williams & Round
Species groups included in these genera seem sufficiently different from each other as to warrant their splitting into separate genera (Williams & Round 1987, 1988). Special care should be devoted, however, to the differentiation of Staurosira construens var. venter
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 45 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (Ehr.) Hamilton in Hamilton et al. morphs possessing wide areolae. Such morphs may be confused with Saturosirella pinnata (Ehr.) Williams & Round. The differentiation of these two taxa is difficult under light microscopy and the observation of several individuals in a sample is often required for accuracy.
SEM analyses on South Florida samples (performed by E. A. Morales) lead to the conclusion that Pseudostaurosira brevistriata (Grun. in V.H.) Williams & Round is in reality a composite taxon. Illustrations in Krammer and Lange-Bertalot (1991 Tf. 130, 12, and 16) seem to belong to a taxon (described in Morales 2000 in press) closely related to Fragilaria geocollegarum Witkowski & Lange-Bertalot (Witkowski et al. 1995). Until the article by Morales (2000) is published, the use of the name F. geocollegarum seems to be more appropriate for valves resembling the mentioned figures from Krammer and Lange-Bertalot (1991).
The new genus Stauroforma has not been accepted since the taxonomy of the species needs further clarification (Le Cohu 1999). The name Fragilaria exiguiformis (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot should be used for F. exigua (illegitimate homonym). The name Fragilariforma virescens var. exigua (Grun. in V. H.) Poulin (Hamilton et al. 1992) is invalid since the name Fragilaria virescens var. exigua was never validly published. The first use of this latter name appeared in Cleve & Moller (1878), where Grunow referred to a diagram of a morph closely related to today's Fragilaria exiguiformis Lange-Bertalot as Fragilaria (virescens) v. exigua, hence not a formal name. For a thorough investigation on the history of this taxon consult Flower et al. (1996).
Similarly, we do not adopt the genus Punctastriata Williams & Round since recognition of species at the LM level is virtually impossible.
8. Frustulia species Several varietes of Frustulia rhomboides have been raised to the species level (Lange- Bertalot & Metzeltin 1996). We agreed to follow these transfers.
9. Gomphonema species A few species names have been changed according to recent taxonomic revisions (Reichardt 1999, Kociolek & Kingston 1999). Several species traditionally placed in Gomphonema bear significant resemblance to Gomphoneis (G. olivaceum, G. rhombicum, G. olivaceoides). These diatom species have double rows of areolae, but not the longitudinal lines characteristic for Gomphoneis. There are a variety of opinions on taxonomic position of these taxa (Kociolek & Stroemer 1986, 1988, 1989, Round et al. 1990, Merino et al. 1994). We believe that more evidence is needed to clarify evolutionary relationship of these taxa and Gomphoneis before their transfer into this genus.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 46 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 10. Martyana Round We do not adopt this genus since SEM analyses of samples from Connecticut, South Florida, and Wisconsin (E. A. Morales pers. obs.) leads us to believe that Round's Martyana martyi (Hérib.) Round (Round et al. 1990) may be a spineless morph of Staurosirella pinnata. Striae and closing plate structure are very similar in these two taxa. Moreover, the depression at one of the poles used by Round to further justify the splitting of Martyana from Opephora Petit seems to be a widespread feature within Staurosirella for it has been observed to occur in spiny S. pinnata and even in Fragilaria berolinensis (closely related to Staurosirella spp.). For now, we decided to continue using the name Opephora martyi Hérib. for Martyana martyi-like organisms.
Recently, Snoeijs et al. (1991) transferred Fragilaria atomus (Hustedt) and Opephora schulzi (Brockmann) Simonsen to Martyana based mainly on the depression at one of the poles. Although we do not have either of these taxa in our 1994 lists, we reject these transfers and use them as a further counterargument against Martyana.
11. Navicula sensu lato We decided to adopt the following genus names proposed for species formerly included in Navicula: - Aneumastus Mann & Stickle.
- Cavinula Mann & Stickle,
- Cosmioneis Mann & Stickle, and
- Craticula Grunow,
- Diadesmis Kützing,
- Fallacia Stickle&Mann,
- Kobayasiella (L-B.) Lange-Bertalot,
- Luticola Mann,
- Placoneis Mereshkowsky,
- Proshkinia Karayeva ,
- Sellaphora Mereshkowsky,
We decided not to adopt the recently proposed Hippodonta Lange-Bertalot, Metzeltin & Witkowski, Geissleria Lange-Bertalot& Metzeltin, and Adlafia Moser, Lange-Bertalot & Metzeltin. Cox (1999) argued that separation of Hippodonta and Geissleria from
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 47 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Navicula is undesirable because characters used to distinguish these new genera are within a continuum of variation. We think that current taxonomic position of these taxa is too unstable as to warrant their use by NAWQA analysts.
We discussed taxonomic problems with some of the following Navicula species: Historically, the name Navicula lanceolata seems to have been applied to two different entities: first, an organism with attenuate ends was described as Frustulia lanceolata by Agardh and later transferred to Navicula as N. lanceolata by Kützing; Ehrenberg later recognized this taxon. Patrick (in Patrick & Reimer 1966) explains that she examined type material of Frustulia lanceolata from Agardh’s herbarium. She presents two drawings (Plate 48, figs. 19 and 20 pg. 561) that in our understanding belong to two different taxa. The first one (fig. 19) shows an organism with attenuate ends that fits in the concept of N. lanceolata sensu Kützing, and Ehrenberg. The second illustration (fig. 20) better fits in the concept of Navicula viridula var. avenacea (Brébisson ex Grunow) Van Heurck (Patrick & Reimer 1966).
Lange-Bertalot (in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986) seems to think that the name N. lanceolata has been used for to two different entities. In his concept, Frustulia lanceolata Agardh is a synonym of Navicula viridula var. avenacea (Brébisson) Grunow in Schneider. For this taxon, Lange-Bertalot used the name N. lanceolata (Agardh) Ehrenberg (?). The species with attenuate ends is considered by Lange- Bertalot as N. lanceolata Kützing, which he renamed as N. trivialis Lange- Bertalot.
In order to avoid further confusion, we decided to use the name N. trivialis Lange Bertalot for the taxon illustrated in Plate 8, fig. 9 pg. 561 of Patrick & Reimer (1966) and Taf. 35, figs. 1-24 in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1986), keeping in mind that its correct name is most probably N. lanceolata Kützing.
- Navicula germainii Wallace has been renamed twice. First by Patrick (Patrick & Reimer 1966) as N. rhynchocephala var. germainii, and later by Lange-Bertalot (see Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1991) as N. viridula var. germainii. We think that this diatom is a distinct species and its original name N. germainii should be used.
- Navicula salinarum var. intermedia (Grunow) Cleve is a synonym of Navicula capitatoradiata Germain (Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1986). We think that this diatom is a distinct species unrelated to Navicula salinarum. For this reason the name N. capitatoradiata is preferred.
- The diatom name Navicula secreta var. apiculata Patrick caused significant taxonomic confusion. Illustrations in Patrick and Reimer did not allow easy separation of this taxon from Navicula gregaria Donkin. Many NAWQA analysts
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES 48 PATRICK CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH routinely identified Navicula gregaria as N. secreta var. apiculata, which appears to be a rather rare species. Digital images taken by T. A. Clason from type material of N. secreta var. apiculata helped to understand the concept of this species. Both species names will be used in 1997 taxa lists, but most of the former records of N. secreta var. apiculata will have to be corrected.
12. Nitzschia sensu lato Tryblionella W.Smith seems to be a very distinctive and well-established genus. Several Nitzschia species from the 1994 taxa list have been transferred to Tryblionella. We discussed the particular case of Nitzschia constricta (Kützing) Ralfs, which has been transferred to Tryblionella as T. apiculata Gregory. There is another entity also called Nitzschia constricta (Gregory) Grunow, which has been now placed in Psammodyction as P. constrictum (Gregory) Mann. This confusing synonymy must be handled with extreme care.
The following changes on records of Nitzschia species have been made: - Nitzschia frustulum var. subsalina is changed to N. frustulum (Kützing) Grunow because they are conspecific (Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1997).
The name Nitzschia frustulum var. perminuta Grunow has been used by NAWQA analysts to identify (at least) two different species. N. A. Roberts used it for the diatom known now as Nitszhia inconspicua Grunow, while other analysts used it for Nitzschia perminuta (Grunow) Peragallo. We agreed to change Nitzschia frustulum var. perminuta to N. perminuta and use it for morphs pictured in Krammer & Lange-Bertalot (1988 Fig. 72: 1,2, and 3) as it was done before by the majority of analysts.
13. Synedra sensu lato Two species identified according to Patrick in Patrick and Reimer (1966) as Synedra fasciculata (Ag.) Kütz. and Synedra fasciculata var. truncata (Grev.) Patrick have been changed to Tabularia tabulata (Agardh) Snoeijs and Tabularia fasciculata (Ag.) Williams & Round, respectively following taxonomic revisions of Williams and Round (1986) and Snoeijs (1992).
We also changed the name Synedra pulchella Ralfs ex Kützing to Ctenophora pulchella (Ralfs ex Kützing.) Williams & Round. Both Tabularia and Ctenophora seem to possess distinctive morphological features that allow their separation from Synedra.
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