Mixing Instructions for Various North American *Scoops of Emeraid Mixed Wild Animals *Use either the large end of the scoop with 60 cc of warm water (103-110°F) or the small end of the Adults Juveniles

e e e † e e e r r r e r r r o o o r o o o v v v o v v v i i i v i i i n n b i n n b Taxa Natural foods of adults r r c r r m a e is m a e Aves O C H P O C H Blackbirds, Grackles, Cowbirds Seeds, insects 6 0 0 3 1 0 Bluebirds Insects, fruits 0 2 0 0 2 0 Chickadees, Titmouse Insects, seeds 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 Doves, Pigeons Seeds 6 0 0 4.5 0.5 0 Ducks–Mallard, Canvasback, Coots, Gadwall Vegetation, seeds, insects, molluscs 6 0 0 6 0 0 Ducks–Goldeneye, Bufflehead, Scoter Insects, crustacea, molluscs 0 2 0 3 0 2 0 Ducks–Scaup, Ruddy Aquatic vegetation, insects, crustacea 4.5 0.5 0 3 3 1 0 Finches, Siskins, Crossbills Seeds 6 0 0 6 0 0 Gamebirds–Grouse, Quail, Pheasant, Turkey Seeds, some insects 6 0 0 4.5 0.5 0 Grebes, Loons Fish, crustacea, molluscs 0 2 0 3 0 2 0 Geese Vegetation 3 0 2 4.5 0 1 TThehe FFirstirst S Elementalemi-Eleme nDiettal DSystemiet Syst eDesignedm Design fored Criticallyfor a Wid eIll VExoticsariety Gulls Fish, crustacea, molluscs 0 2 0 3 0 2 0 Jays, Magpies Seeds, insects 6 0 0 3 1 0 oWillf Cther nextitic severelyally debilitated Ill Exo animaltic beC ana amazon,rnivo a ferretres or, Han eiguana?rbi vExoticor eanimals a nd OmEmeraidnivo Omnivoreres Insects, fruits, seeds 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 Will the next severely debilitated animal be an Amazon, a ferret or an iguana? Exotic animal veterinarians are EProteinmera id Omnivore 20% ® Fat 9.5% Nuthatches Insects, seeds 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 pisre sdesignedented wit hto d quicklyifficult e mprovideergenci elife-savings every day elemental. The Emer nutritionaid Critic aforl C ar ewide Syst evarietym is d eofsig speciesned to qduringuickly ptherov ide Protein ...... 20% Fiber 2.5% lifcriticale-saving first sem weeki-elem ofen trehabilitation.al nutrition for a wide variety of species during the critical first week of rehabilitation. Fat ...... 9.5% Piscivorous–Cormorants, Egrets, Herons, Pelicans Fish and other aquatic vertebrate 0 2 0 3 0 2 0 Energy 2.39 Kcal/ml Emeraid products are divided into three Recommended Use Fiber ...... 2.5% Raptors–Eagle, Falcon, Hawk, Kite, Owl, Vulture Vertebrate prey, insects 0 2 0 0 2 0 Emeraid products are divided into three Recommended Use dry weight 4.06 Kcal/gm Sparrows, Cardinals, Grosbeaks, Juncos, Towhees Seeds, insects 4.5 0.5 0 1.5 1.5 0 ccategories:ategories: O Omnivore,mnivore, H Herbivore,erbivore, a nandd C arnivore. The Emeraid Critical Care System is designed to meet Energy ...... 2.39 Kcal/ml Emeraiddry weig Carnivoreht ...... 4 . 06 Kcal/g Insects, fruits 3 1 0 0 2 0 BCarnivore.y using thes eBy p rusingoduct sthese sing lproductsy or in co msinglybinat ioron in, meetthe m theeta bmetabolicolic needs needsof crit iofca lcriticallyly ill anim illal sanimals and is Protein 37.8% mcombination,ost acutely ill mostexotic acutely animal sill c aexoticn ben eanimalsfit can andmad ise madeto be ftoed beas feda so asle ao rsole par toria lpartial source sourceof of Warblers Insects 0 2 0 0 2 0 Fat 34% nbenefitutrition anutritionallylly from Eme rfromaid e nEmeraidteral or h enteraland fee dorin gs. nutrition.nutrition. WWhenhen m mixedixed a ass d directedirected o non th thee la label,bel, th ese Emeraid Carnivore Waxwings Fruits, insects 6 0 0 3 1 0 Fiber 4.5% Shandee the feedings. attached Seetabl ethe for attached feeding g tableuidel ifornes feedingof theseprodu productscts can be can pa sbesed passed throug throughh both a nboth 18 g anau g18e Protein ...... 37.8% Woodpeckers, Sapsuckers Insects, acorns, sap, gums 3 1 0 1.5 1.5 0 Energy 1.67 Kcal/ml various exotic animals. feeding needle and a 5 French feeding tube. Fat ...... 34% guidelines of various exotic animals. gauge feeding needle and a 5 French feeding tube. dry weight 5.14 Kcal/gm Mammals** Benefits of the Emeraid ® Critical Dosing Guidelines: Fiber ...... 4.5% ® Critical Dosing Guidelines: EEmeraidnergy ...... Herbivore1.67 Kcal/ml Chipmunks Seeds, insects 6 0 0 4.5 0.5 0 Care System 1) Mix with warm water as directed on label or 1) Mix with warm water as directed on label or Proteindry w e ight ...... 5.14 K19ca%l/g Foxes, Coyotes Vertebrate prey, insects 0 2 0 0 2 0 •Care Meets Systemthe acute dietary needs of most exotic feeding chart. feeding chart. Fat 9.5% Moles Worms, insects 0 2 0 0 2 0 atn iMeetsmals the acute dietary needs of most exotic 2) Most healthy adult animals can safely be tube or animals 2) In general, most healthy adult animals can Fiber 32% Opossums Invertebrates, small vertebrates, fruits 0 2 0 0 2 0 • Semi-elemental diet made with purified amino gavage fed 3% of their body weight per feeding. Emeraid Herbivore Semi-elemental diet made with purified amino safely be tube or gavage fed 3% of their body PEnergyrotein ...... 1.32 Kcal/ml Porcupines Vegetation 0 0 4 3 0.5 1 atcids and hydrolyzed proteins For example, a healthy 100 gram cockatiel can be 19% •acids All e sandsen thydrolyzedial amino ac iproteinsds weightfed 3.0 percc w feeding.hile a no Forrma example,l 1,000 gm a r healthyabbit ca n100 be F dryat ...... weight 2.95 Kcal/gm9.5% Raccoons Invertebrates, small vertebrates, fruits 1.5 1.5 0 1 1.5 0 • HAllyd essentialrolyzed c aaminorbohyd acidsrates essential for acute gramfed 3 0cockatiel cc at one can tim ebe. fed 3.0 cc while a normal FEmeraidiber ...... Piscivore 32% Skunks Invertebrates, small vertebrates, fruits 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 t ca rHydrolyzedbohydrate ne carbohydrateseds associated wessentialith debil ifortati oacuten 1,0003) Re dgmuce rabbit dose tcano 1- 2be % fed of b30od ccy wate ioneght, time.or less, as EProteinnergy ...... 1.32 44.5Kcal%/ml Squirrels Seeds, fruits, insects 6 0 0 4.5 0.5 0 t •carbohydrate Highly digest ineedsble ble associatednd of fats a nwithd sim debilitationple and 3)ne Reduceeded fo rdose seve tore l1-2y de %b ioflita bodyted a nweight,imals. or less, as Fatdr y weight ...... 2.95 4.4Kca%l/g Voles Grasses, rhizomes, seeds 1.5 0 3 3 0.5 1 co mHighlyplex c adigestiblerbohydrat eblends for eofne fatsrgy and simple and needed4) Feed for m oseverelyst health debilitatedy reptiles a nanimals.d amphibians Fiber 4.6% ** Nursing animals should be provided milk or a milk replacer and not Emeraid. Values are for weaned juveniles. •t High levels of nutrients that support the immune 0.5-1% BW. Adjust the volume fed to very small or complex carbohydrates for energy 4) Feed most healthy reptiles and amphibians FEnergyor add i t i o n a (max)l inform 1.1ati oKcal/mln, † Emeraid Piscivore is a better choice for fish-eaters when compared to Emeraid Carnivore. system including arginine and glutamine large herps (such as dart frogs and sea turtles) by High levels of nutrients that support the 0.5-1% BW. Adjust the volume fed to very small v idrysit w weightww.La f e be 4.55rVet. cKcal/gmom or •t Dietary nucleotides to provide DNA and RNA calculating maintenance energy requirements (MER). immune system including arginine and or large herps (such as dart frogs and sea turtles) wForw wadditional.Emerai information,d.com or ca lvisitl precursors MER = 32(BW 0.75 ) where MER is expressed in kcal/day Emeraid Piscivore is a semi-elemental diet designed to meet the needs 1our.81 website5.358.2 LafeberVet.com307 . or •glutamine Balanced omega-3:6 polyunsaturated fatty acids byan dcalculating is based o maintenancen values at 86 °energyF (30°C requirements). of the critically ill fish-eater. Developed by veterinarians and nutritionists, (MER). MER = 32(BW0.75) where MER is call 1-800-842-6445 (ext.888). Emeraid Piscivore provides an easily absorbable and highly digestible •t FDietaryree of a rnucleotidestificial colors to an provided preser DNAvative s and RNA blend of purified amino acids, hydrolyzed proteins, stabilized vitamins, precursors expressed in kcal/day and is based on values at simple carbohydrates for energy, and dietary nucleotides to provide 86°F (30°C). t Balanced omega-3:6 polyunsaturated fatty acids DNA and RNA precursors. Fish oil is added just before feeding so that To Order, Contact: the dietary fat level may be varied from 5% to 35%. Lafeber Company • 24981 N. 1400 East Road • Cornell, IL 61319 • 1.815.358.2301 • www.LafeberVet.com

finds Emeraid Piscivore to be an excellent stabilization diet for Distributed by: 24981 N. 1400 East Road • Cornell, IL 61319 USA Manufactured by: Emeraid LLC debilitated sea birds. 1.815.358.2301 • 800.842.6445 • www.LafeberVet.com 24981 N 1400 East Road • Cornell, IL 61319 • www.Emeraid.com

MadE in thE USa E4P 12/13 ® Emeraid Critical Care System *Scoops of Emeraid Mixed *Scoops of Emeraid Mixed Mixing Instructions for Various Animals Mixing Instructions for Various Animals (Continued) *Use either the large end of the scoop with 60 cc of warm water (103-110°F) or Adults Juveniles *Use either the large end of the scoop with 60 cc of warm water (103-110°F) or Adults Juveniles

e e e e Emeraid to use is listed in the chart below. See page 1 for dosing guidelines. e e e e e e Emeraid to use is listed in the chart below. See page 1 for dosing guidelines. r r re r r re r r r r r r o o o o o o o o o o o o iv iv iv iv iv iv iv iv iv iv iv iv n n n n n n b n n b r rb r rb r r r r Taxa Natural foods of adults m a e m a e Taxa Natural foods of adults m a e m a e O C H O C H O C H O C H Companion Birds Reptiles and Amphibians Budgerigar Seeds 600 600 Bearded Dragons, Blue-tongue Invertebrates, greens, fruits, small Skinks, Ground Iguanas vertebrates, carrion 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 Canary Seeds 600 600 Chameleons–Old World Insects, other invertebrates 020 020 Chicken Seeds, insects, fruits, veggies 600 4.50.50 Frogs, Toads–Aquatic, Horned, Invertebrates, vertebrates (adults); 020 020 Cockatiel Seeds 600 600 Pacman algae (tadpoles) Cockatoo Seeds, fruits, insects 600 600 Frogs–Tree, Dart, Mantella Invertebrates (adults); algae (tadpoles) 020 020 Adults & Juveniles Geckos–Leopard, Fat-tail, Tokay Conure Seeds, fruits, insects 600 6006 small scoops Insects, other invertebrates 020 020 of Omnivore and others Seeds, fruits + 20 cc of Dove 600 600warm water Geckos–Day, Crested and other Rhacodactylus spp. Insects, other invertebrates, nectar, fruit 020 020 Domestic Duck Seeds, aquatic vegetation, insects 600 4.50.50 Green Iguanas, Uromastyx, Leaves, blossoms, buds, greens, fruits, Finch Seeds 600 600 Chuckwallas (Uromastyx also eat seeds) 004 004 Large Adults Nectars, fruits, insects For larger Lizards (small)–Anoles, Collared 4 large scoops Lorikeet 600 600 volumes, use Insects, other invertebrates 020 020of Herbivore the large and others Lovebird Seeds 600 600 end of the + 60 cc of red scoop Monitors, Tegus Invertebrates, vertebrates, eggs, warm water with 60 cc of (Tegus also eat fruit) 020 020 Macaw Nuts, fruits, seeds, buds, insects 600 50.50 warm water For larger Salamanders, Newts, Caecilians Invertebrates 020 020 volumes, use Myna Bird Seeds, fruits, insects 600 600 the large Snakes (medium to large)–Boas, end of the Vertebrates 020 020 red scoop Parrot Fruits, seeds, buds, insects 600 50.50 Pythons, Corn, King, Rat with 60 cc of warm water Parakeet Seeds, fruits, nectars 600 600 Snakes (small)–Garter, Green Vertebrates, invertebrates 020 020 Peafowl Seeds, buds, insects 600 50.50 For smaller Tortoises–Desert, Gopher, volumes, use Grasses, leaves, vegetables, (fruit) 004 004 the small Sulcata, Red-foot, Russian Quail Seeds, insects 600 4.50.50 end of the red scoop Invertebrates, carrion, fruit, berries, with 20 cc of Turtles–Box, Wood vegetables, greens 1.5 1.5 0 0 2 0 warm water For smaller Companion Mammals** Turtles–Sliders, Painted, Map, volumes, use Invertebrates, vegetation 1.5 1.5 0 1.5 1.5 0 the small Cooter, Pond end of the Chinchilla Grass, herbs, seeds 004 30.51 red scoop Turtles–Snapping, Mud, Musk Invertebrates, vegetation 020 020 with 20 cc of Ferret Animal prey 020 020 warm water Seeds, vegetation, insects Gerbil 4.5 0 1 4.5 0.5 0 Recommendation by Susan Donoghue, MS, VMD, Reptile Nutritionist/Researcher: Guinea Pig Grass, herbs 004 1.50.52 Reptiles and amphibians are a diverse group of ectotherms dependent on specific ranges of environmental temperature for adequate food digestion, and for calorie and nutrient assimilation and utilization. Successful responses to Emeraid diets require attention to optimal temperatures for the Hamster Seeds, vegetation, fruits 302 30.51 species being treated. Juveniles t Feed Emeraid Carnivore to those reptile and amphibian species feeding in the wild on vertebrate prey such as rodents, birds, and lizards, and Hedgehog Insects, worms, fruits 310 2.5101.5 small scoops of Omnivore Mouse Seeds, vegetation, invertebrates 600 50.50+ 0.5 scoops of and fruits. Carnivore t Omnivorous reptiles are often started on Emeraid Carnivore because these species are geared toward diets containing relatively lower fiber Rabbit Vegetation 004 1.50.52+ 2 scoops of and higher protein and fat. Transition those patients requiring long-term nutritional support to a mixture of Emeraid Omnivore and Emeraid Herbivore Carnivore. Rat Seeds, vegetation, invertebrates 4.5 0 1 5 0.5 0 + 20 cc of warm water Once the patient is on the road to recovery, begin to offer foods that match the nutritional heritage for that species. For example, a crested gecko Sugar Glider Insects, nectar, sap 600 600 (Rhacodactylus spp.) may be offered peach baby food while being maintained on Emeraid Carnivore, a box turtle (Terrapene spp.) may be offered earthworms and berries while fed Emeraid Carnivore, and a green iguana (Iguana iguana) may be offered hibiscus blossoms while being fed **Nursing animals should be provided milk or a milk replacer and not Emeraid. Values are for weaned juveniles. Emeraid Herbivore.