DOCSLIB.ORG

Practice Designing out Hazards in the Real World

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Practice Designing out Hazards in the Real World Prevention Through Design Peer-Reviewed Practice Designing Out Hazards in the Real World By Anjali Lamba IOSH is leading a national initiative, development, implementation, employee training launched in July 2007, called Prevention and surveillance (Schulte & Heidel, 2009). NThrough Design (PTD). This initiative has As awareness of the PTD concept grows, more engaged the government, academia and industry SH&E professionals are calling for a concerted em- in promoting the concept of designing out and phasis on the engineering and technical aspects minimizing occupational risks. Following is a com- of a safe design during the planning phase, which prehensive definition of PTD: reduces risks and minimizes hazards throughout The optimal method of preventing oc- a facility’s life. This requirement is illustrated by a cupational illnesses, injuries and fatal- recent request for proposal for work at the Ports- ities is to “design out” the hazards and mouth Naval Shipyard that specified, “If it is not risks; thereby, eliminating the need to feasible to eliminate or prevent the need to work control them during work operations. at heights with its subsequent exposure to fall haz- This approach involves the design of ards, control measures shall be included in the de- tools, equipment, systems, work pro- sign to protect personnel conducting maintenance cesses and facilities in order to reduce work after completion of the project.” or eliminate, hazards associated with Research conducted in the U.S., European Union and some countries in the British Commonwealth IN BRIEF work. (Young-Corbett, 2011) has linked a good percentage of construction inju- •This article provides real- The purpose of PTD is to eliminate haz- ries and fatalities to decisions made before any con- world examples of preven- ards and reduce risk at the source by con- struction work started. This has resulted in an effort tion through design (PTD) sidering safety and health implications to get the designers to assess the risk their designs and successful applica- early in the design cycle; this is more ef- create for construction workers during construction tions of PTD concepts and fective than the traditional risk manage- of facilities and structures (Furst, 2011). principles. ment approach. PTD principles also tie in This article is based primarily on proceedings of • Early collaboration among with the well-known hierarchy of controls the practice session held during the August 2011 stakeholders is crucial for where engineering controls are always the NIOSH conference, “Prevention Through Design: successful incorporation of most effective, because they either remove A New Way of Doing Business,” which was orga- PTD elements in design and the hazard at its root, or contain or isolate nized to highlight the progress made in implement- construction. the hazard so that exposures are controlled ing the PTD initiative since its inception. Through •Other potential avenues to through design. PTD supports the adoption presentations focusing on real-world practice, pre- maximize PTD benefits in- of hazard control measures higher in the senters showcased successful applications of PTD clude working with design- hierarchy of controls by focusing on haz- concepts and principles that resulted in the design build firms, incorporating ard elimination and substitution followed or redesign of work premises, tools, equipment, PTD into LEED and involving by risk minimization through the applica- machinery, substances and work processes. De- OSHA in actively promoting tion of engineering controls and warning sign solutions ranged from reducing asphalt-fume PTD in construction. systems applied during design, redesign exposure of workers paving roads to redesigning •Strong federal agency and retrofit activities. However, PTD also a forklift to optimize the operator’s field of vision. leadership support of this supports the application of administrative Many sources create workplace hazards. A com- initiative is crucial. controls and PPE when they supplement or mon way to classify hazards is by type of hazard or complement an overall risk minimization hazard category. With this in mind, and to allow strategy and include appropriate program readers to quickly identify their areas of interest, practice examples have been organized according to these hazard categories: chemical, physical, er- Anjali Lamba, M.P.H., CIH, is a senior industrial hygienist with the Chemical gonomic and safety. Several presentations also pro- Engineering Branch within the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics at EPA. In this role, she provides technical support and guidance on worker exposure and moted the implementation and evaluation of PTD protection as well as workplace regulatory issues for EPA’s new chemicals and practices by utilizing rating systems and other tools existing chemicals programs. Before joining EPA, Lamba worked for consulting and products that aid practitioners in the design and companies and provided industrial hygiene support to several federal government construction of safe and green buildings and work- departments and agencies. She holds an M.P.H. in Environmental and Occupa- places. These are discussed in the “Rating Systems, tional Health from George Washington University. Tools, Products and Approaches” section (p. 38). 34 ProfessionalSafety JANUARY 2013 www.asse.org PTD: Practice Area The area of practice in PTD focuses on demonstrating the value of including workers’ safety and health in design Chemical Hazards decisions and exploring links with the movements toward In keeping with PTD principles green and sustainable design. It also includes identifying and and the hierarchy of controls, en- sharing successful procedures, processes, equipment, tools gineering controls were developed and results through various means (e.g., online databases). and implemented to reduce work- For worker safety and health, sustainable design enhances er exposures to chemicals in the indoor environmental quality and optimizes operational and examples highlighted here. In ad- maintenance practices. Including provisions during facility dition, in two cases, multifaceted design, construction, occupancy and maintenance to prevent control strategies were developed injuries, illnesses and fatalities among workers is an essential through partnership between gov- component of sustainable design. ernment agencies, unions and in- dustry to reduce worker exposures to chemicals. Laboratory Chemicals Spray Polyurethane Foam Transportation of hazardous liquids poses risks In 2009, EPA established the Federal Advi- to facility occupants. Designing suitable routing sory Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) workgroup through low-traffic areas and avoidance of exit in partnership with NIOSH, OSHA, Consumer corridors becomes difficult if not addressed during Product Safety Commission and the polyurethane the early-stage design of the facility (e.g., design industry to address several issues associated with of vapor-mitigation systems can enhance a facil- worker exposure to methylene diphenyl diisocya- ity’s operational safety should a liquid spill occur). nate (MDI) and other chemicals in SPF products. Some facilities use highly toxic, flammable and From top: Metal The workgroup has developed guidance on simple even pyrophoric gaseous materials. Exposure can grating (Photo 1) exhaust ventilation design principles for SPF ap- be prevented and mitigated by using overpacks controls expansion plicators and helpers since engineering control and containment carts for liquid chemical trans- of foam, while air strategies are the most effective means to pro- portation; installing emergency exhaust systems movers (Photos 2 tect workers during all phases of SPF application for vapor exhaust in case of a liquid spill event; and 3) can be used (www.epa.gov/dfe/pubs/projects/spf/ventila and separating dock area and gas storage area to to exchange air in tion-guidance.html). Other on-site controls such handle dock area traffic when hazardous chemicals the spray zone. as isolation that are also effective in controlling are present (Weaver, 2011). chemical migration include: enclosing the spray zone as much as possible; supplying air (active or Physical Hazards passive) at one end of spray zone and directing air- Noise and radiation were two physical hazards flow through spray zone from clean to contaminat- addressed during the presentations. Repeated expo- ed; filtering and exhausting air at the opposite end sures to loud noise can lead to permanent, incurable of the spray zone; and creating negative pressure hearing loss or tinnitus. Ionizing radiation has wide within the enclosure (Lamba, 2011). application in medicine and industry (e.g., in X-rays, Controls that are already being used at applica- as radioactive isotopes). Exposure to ionizing radia- tion sites include plastic sheeting to cover wall studs, tion can cause genetic changes, cancer and other metal grating to control expansion of foam (Photo health effects including death in extreme cases. 1), and using air movers to exchange air in the spray zone to reduce airborne chemical concentrations Buy Quiet & Quiet-by-Design (Photos 2 and 3). In addition, NIOSH has developed Controlling equipment noise emissions lim- a prototype SPF spraying booth (Photo 4). Com- its employee exposure and reduces the need for prehensive hands-on safety and health training for personal hearing protection. It lowers the risk of workers also is crucial to prevent and reduce ex- noise-induced hearing
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Inter.Nobe 99 Lggg December 06-08
    j' This is a preprint or reprint of a paper intended for presentation at a conference. Because changes may be made before formal publication, this is made available with the understanding that it will not be cited or reproduced without the permission of the author. Fort Lauderda|e, Florida, USA inter.nobe 99 lggg December 06-08 ENGINEERED SOLUTIONS TO REDUCE OCCUPATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE AT THE NASA GLENN RESEARCH CENTER: A FIVE-YEAR PROGRESS SUMMARY (1994-1999) Beth A. Cooper NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field Cleveland, OH 44135 U.S.A. Donald W. Hange Robert P. Madison International, Inc. NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field Cleveland, OH 44135 U.S.A. John J. Mikulic NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field Cleveland, OH 44135 U.S.A. INTRODUCTION At the NASA John H. Glenn Research Center at Lewis Field (formerly the Lewis Research Center), experimental research in aircraft and space propulsion systems is conducted in more than 100 test cells and laboratories. These facilities are supported by a central process air system that supplies high-volume, high-pressure compressed air and vacuum at various conditions that simulate altitude flight. Nearly 100,000 ft 2 of metalworking and specialized fabrication shops located on-site produce prototypes, models, and test hardware in support of experimental research operations. These activities, comprising numerous individual noise sources and operational scenarios, result in a varied and complex noise exposure environment, which is the responsibility of the Glenn Research Center Noise Exposure Management Program. Hearing conservation, community noise complaint response and noise control engineering services are included under the umbrella of this Program, which encompasses the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard on occupational noise exposure, §29CFR 1910.95[ 1], as well as the more stringent NASA Health Standard on Hearing Conservation[2].
    [Show full text]
  • Preventing Hazardous Noise and Hearing Loss
    Preventing Hazardous Noise and Hearing Loss during Project Design and Operation Prevention through Design (PtD) Prevention through Design (PtD) Why is PtD Needed? Description of can be defined as designing out Integrating PtD concepts into busi- Exposure or eliminating safety and health ness processes helps reduce injury and hazards associated with processes, Prolonged exposure to high noise levels structures, equipment, tools, or illness in the workplace, as well as costs can cause hearing loss and tinnitus. work organization. The National associated with injuries. PtD lays the Other health effects include headaches, Institute for Occupational Safety foundation for a sustainable culture of fatigue, stress, and cardiovascular and Health (NIOSH) launched a safety with lower workers’ compensation problems [Yueh et al. 2003]. High noise PtD initiative in 2007. The mission expenses, fewer retrofits, and improved levels can also cause workers to be dis- tracted and interfere with communica- is to reduce or prevent occupational productivity. When PtD concepts are in- injuries, illnesses, and fatalities by tion and warning signals. If workers do troduced early in the design process, re- considering hazard prevention in not hear warning signals, they may not the design, re-design, and retrofit of sources can be allocated more efficiently. take precautions to prevent hazards or new and existing workplaces, tools, injuries [NIOSH 1996, 1998; Yoon et al. equipment, and work processes Summary 2015; Cantley et al. 2015]. [NIOSH 2008a,b]. Exposure to high noise levels in the workplace can cause hearing loss and Workers at Risk Contents affect worker productivity and compen- An estimated twenty-two million work- ▶ Why is PtD Needed sation costs.
    [Show full text]
  • Buy Quiet Procedure Esperance
    BUY QUIET PROCEDURE ESPERANCE BUY QUIET PROCEDURE - ESPERANCE DOCUMENT CONTROL Version Description Reviewed by Approved by Revision Issue Date Number Date 0 First Draft to include D Lindkvist A Byers Feb 2016 Feb 2016 reference to Environmental Noise 1 Comments section 1 used A Byers A Byers Feb 2016 Feb 2016 equipment 2 Environmental noise A Leonard A Byers Feb 2016 Feb 2016 3 Insertion of: Responsible A Leonard J Oldfield Jan 2017 Jan 2017 Person, role of Environmental Department and using broadband “croaker” reversing alarms. 4 Minor amendments. A Leonard A Leonard Nov 2017 Nov 2017 Document Facilitator: Environment Manager Version No: 04 Issue Date: 17/11/2017 Authorised by: Environment Manager Record No: D17/595 UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED Page 2 of 7 BUY QUIET PROCEDURE - ESPERANCE TABLE OF CONTENTS DOCUMENT CONTROL .............................................................................................. 2 1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 4 2. SP NOISE LEVEL GOAL ................................................................................ 4 3. TEAM RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................ 4 3.1. Requestor ....................................................................................................... 4 3.2. Appointed Noise Officer .................................................................................. 4 3.3. Environmental Department ............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Noise Control Methods for Shipbuilding
    Noise Control Methods for Shipbuilding Final Report NSRP Subcontract Agreement No. 2012-424 Presented To: National Shipbuilding Research Program Operated by Advanced Technology Incorporated Prepared By: Daniel O. Chute, CIH, CSP Atrium Environmental Health and Safety Services, LLC Atrium Environmental Health and Safety Services, LLC 11495 Sunset Hills Road, Suite 210 Reston, VA 20190 November 1, 2012 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Final Report Noise Control Methods for Shipbuilding; NSRP Agreement No. 2012‐424 November 1, 2012 Page 2 of 14 Abstract Noise control has always been a big issue in shipyards. OSHA regulations for Occupational Exposure to Noise in 29CFR 1910.95 define specific requirements for shipyard employment, including surveillance, audiometric testing, training and use of approved PPE for exposures exceeding 85 dBA over a full shift. Experience has demonstrated that uncontrolled exposure represents a major loss-control issue by contributing to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL), citations, lower productivity and costly compensation claims. A wide variety of equipment and operations commonly found in shipbuilding have the potential to produce excessive noise levels requiring OSHA compliance action and the use hearing protection unless employers have sampling data to document their equipment operates below the action thresholds. The goal of this project was to accurately measure and characterize representative noise levels generated by common shipyard manufacturing and maintenance processes, to define both representative exposure levels and to evaluate and describe the most effective control methods which are currently in place. This work is designed to promote effective and beneficial technology transfer, so that techniques and processes that may have been proven in one or two locations may be passed along to other sites to promote noise exposure reduction, where possible, with reduced trial-and-error, better innovation and ultimately, reduced exposure time before implementation.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing Noise and Preventing Hearing Loss at Work Code of Practice 2021 Page 2 of 54
    Managing noise and preventing hearing loss at work Code of Practice 2021 PN12640 ISBN Creative Commons This copyright work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit creativecommons.org/licenses. In essence, you are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, as long as you attribute the work to Safe Work Australia and abide by the other licence terms. Managing noise and preventing hearing loss at work Code of Practice 2021 Page 2 of 54 Contents Foreword ................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Who has health and safety duties in relation to noise? .......................................... 5 1.2 What is involved in managing noise and preventing hearing loss?........................ 7 1.3 Information, training, instruction and supervision ................................................... 8 2. Noise and its effects on health and safety ..................................................................... 9 2.1 How does hearing loss occur? ................................................................................ 9 2.2 How much noise is too much? ................................................................................ 9 2.3 Other effects of noise............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hearing Loss Prevention, Chapter 296-817
    Chapter 296-817 WAC Introduction Hearing Loss Prevention (Noise) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-817 WAC Hearing Loss Prevention (Noise) (Form Number 414-117-000) This book contains rules for Safety Standards for hearing loss prevention (Noise), as adopted under the Washington Industrial Safety and Health Act of 1973 (Chapter 49.17 RCW). The rules in this book are effective December 2015. A brief promulgation history, set within brackets at the end of this chapter, gives statutory authority, administrative order of promulgation, and date of adoption of filing. TO RECEIVE E-MAIL UPDATES: Sign up at https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/WADLI/subscriber/new?topic_id=WADLI_19 TO PRINT YOUR OWN PAPER COPY OR TO VIEW THE RULE ONLINE: Go to https://www.lni.wa.gov/safety-health/safety-rules/rules-by-chapter/?chapter=817/ DOSH CONTACT INFORMATION: Physical address: 7273 Linderson Way Tumwater, WA 98501-5414 (Located off I-5 Exit 101 south of Tumwater.) Mailing address: DOSH Standards and Information PO Box 44810 Olympia, WA 98504-4810 Telephone: 1-800-423-7233 For all L&I Contact information, visit https://www.lni.wa.gov/agency/contact/ Also available on the L&I Safety & Health website: DOSH Core Rules Other General Workplace Safety & Health Rules Industry and Task-Specific Rules Proposed Rules and Hearings Newly Adopted Rules and New Rule Information DOSH Directives (DD’s) See http://www.lni.wa.gov/Safety-Health/ Chapter 296-817 WAC Table of Contents Hearing Loss Prevention (Noise) _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 296-817 WAC Safety Standards for Hearing Loss Prevention (Noise) WAC Page WAC 296-817-099 Noise definitions.
    [Show full text]
  • Section 31 – Hearing Loss Prevention Program
    Reclamation Safety and Health Standards May 2020 Section 31: Hearing Loss Prevention Program Section 31 Hearing Loss Prevention Program 31.1 Scope This section establishes minimum requirements for a Reclamation Hearing Loss Prevention Program (HLPP) to ensure safety and occupational health hazards related to hearing are appropriately addressed. The HLPP applies to all employees working at or visiting facilities who are exposed to noise at or above 85 decibels, A scale (dBA), for an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) using a 3-dBA exchange rate. 31.2 General Requirements 31.2.1 3 dB Exchange Rate Reclamation shall use the more protective American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV) exchange rate of 3 dB to be proactive in reducing noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) as shown in Table 31-1. TABLE 31-1. ACGIH 3 dB Exchange Rate Time to ACGIH 3 dB Reach 100% Exchange Rate Noise Dose Exposure Level 10 hours 84 8 hours 85 4 hours 88 2 hours 91 1 hour 94 30 min 97 15 min 100 31.2.2 Controls As feasible, engineering and administrative controls shall be implemented as the first line of defense when employees are exposed to sound levels greater than an 8-hour TWA of 85 dBA. Hearing protection devices (HPDs) shall be used when engineering and/or administrative controls fail to reduce the sound levels below the 8-hour TWA of 85 dBA. 31.2.3 Exposure Limit An exposure of 85 dBA, based on an 8-hour TWA, shall be used when determining if personal dosimetry results have been exceeded.
    [Show full text]
  • NIOSH Efforts to Address Hazards in Construction
    NIOSH Efforts to Address Hazards in Construction G. Scott Earnest, Ph.D., P.E., C.S.P. Deputy Director, Office of Construction Safety and Health NORA Construction Coordinator National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Part of CDC Conduct research and make recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. Construction Program since 1990 In-house researchers External “National Construction Center” Academic research support congress.nsc.org Occupational Safety & Health Framework Research and Regulation/Enforcement Prevention Recommendations Department of Labor Department of (DOL) Health and Human Services (HHS) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Mine Safety Occupational (CDC) and Health Safety and Health Administration Administration (MSHA) (OSHA) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) congress.nsc.org NIOSH Facilities congress.nsc.org Education and Research Centers congress.nsc.org NIOSH Construction Program Mission To eliminate construction fatalities, injuries, and illnesses through a focused program of research and prevention Program Addresses All Types of Construction Buildings-Skyscrapers Specialty Trades Buildings-Homes Heavy and Civil Construction Program Structure and Focus NIOSH Construction Safety and Health Program Intramural National Extramural Research Construction Investigator- Center Basic Research initiated Grants Surveillance Innovative Ideas Methods Research Industry Characterization Opportunities
    [Show full text]
  • Are Quiet Products an Advantage for Manufacturers? Industry Experience in the United States
    BUY QUIET 2016 Are quiet products an advantage for manufacturers? Industry Experience in the United States Robert D. Hellweg, Jr., Hellweg Acoustics George C. Maling, Jr., INCE/USA Hamburg, Germany August 25, 2016 Outline – American Experience • Introduction • Two Technology for a Quieter America (TQA) NAE sponsored workshops • Why do manufacturers design quieter products ? • Laws and regulations • Lawsuits • Corporate Buy Quiet programs • Market demand • Opportunity • Specific product types • Government Buy Quiet Programs • Sources of product noise information • Summary 8/25/2016 2 2015 TQA NAE Workshop • “Engineering a Quieter America: Progress on Consumer and Industrial Product Noise Reduction” • A TQA Workshop and I-INCE Symposium sponsored by • INCE Foundation and Noise Control Foundation and • Hosted by US National Academy of Engineering • Washington, D.C., October 6-7, 2015 • 30 presentations on progress in noise control • Some of the material for this presentation is from the 2015 TQA report • Report is available at no cost at INCE/USA web page • inceusa.org/Reports/TQA_EngrQuieterAmerica_2016.pdf 8/25/2016 3 2014 TQA NAE Workshop • “Reducing Employee Noise Exposure in Manufacturing, Best Practices, Innovative Techniques, and the Workplace of the Future ” • A workshop sponsored by • INCE Foundation, Noise Control Foundation, and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and • Hosted by US National Academy of Engineering • Washington, D.C., February 19 – 20, 2014 • 27 presentations • Some of the material for this presentation is from the 2014 TQA report • Report is available at no cost at INCE/USA web page • http://inceusa.org/Reports/TQA_EmployeeExposureMfg_2016.pdf 8/25/2016 4 Why do Manufacturers design quiet products? (based on Olvera et.al.
    [Show full text]
  • [All Items in Brackets Are Meant to Be Instructional
    JPRJPR No.No. XXXX.X JSC Safety and Health Requirements 1700.1L Effective Date: 12/20/2018 Expiration Date: 12/20/2023 Expiration Date: [Leave Blank] Page Number Page 7.1-1 of 6 Chapter 7.1 Hearing Conservation This could be you . A worker didn’t think it was important to use hearing protection while working with equipment that produced high levels of noise and usually “forgot” to wear any hearing protective devices. He eventually noticed conversations seemed quite muffled and unclear, and that he had an annoying ringing in his ears. He then learned his hearing problem was permanent and could not be improved with surgery or medication. 7.1.1 Applicability of this chapter You are required to follow this chapter if you work in a designated hazardous noise area or an area having a hazardous noise source, such as the flight line at Ellington Field or machines in a sheet metal shop. 7.1.2 What this chapter covers This chapter covers the minimum requirements for JSC’s Hearing Conservation Program (HCP). It discusses JSC’s efforts to prevent noise-induced hearing loss among employees who are exposed to hazardous noise while working at this Center. JSC managers, supervisors, and employees share responsibilities for meeting these requirements. 7.1.3 Policy 7.1.3.1 These documents govern JSC’s hearing conservation program: a. NPR 1800.1, Chapter 4 describes the general requirements and provisions of NASA’s HCP. b. 29 CFR 1910.95, “Occupational Noise Exposure,” and its appendices describe the Occupational Safety and Health Association’s (OSHA) hearing conservation standards.
    [Show full text]
  • GPR 1820.1B APPROVED by Signature: Original Signed by EFFECTIVE DATE: May 16, 2014 NAME: Judith N
    Goddard Procedural Requirements (GPR) DIRECTIVE NO. GPR 1820.1B APPROVED BY Signature: Original Signed By EFFECTIVE DATE: May 16, 2014 NAME: Judith N. Bruner EXPIRATION DATE: May 16, 2020 TITLE: Director, Safety and Mission Assurance COMPLIANCE IS MANDATORY Responsible Office: 350 / Occupational Safety & Health (OS&H) Division Title: Hearing Conservation Program PREFACE P.1 PURPOSE This directive defines the requirements that constitute the Hearing Conservation Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) to prevent noise-induced hearing loss. P.2 APPLICABILITY This directive applies to all GSFC civil service employees. GSFC contractors, tenant organizations, grantees, clubs, and other organizations operating under the auspices of GSFC, or on GSFC property, shall administer their own hearing conservation programs that meet the requirements of NPR 1800.1 and Sections 2 and 3 of this GPR. P.3 AUTHORITY a. NPD 1800.2, NASA Occupational Health Program; and b. NPR 1800.1, NASA Occupational Health Program Procedures. P.4 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS a. 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.95, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Occupational Noise Exposure; b. 29 CFR 1904.10, OSHA Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and Illness; c. GPR 1840.2, Industrial Hygiene Program; d. GPR 8621.4, GSFC Mishap Preparedness and Contingency Plan; e. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters; f. ANSI Standard S1.25 Specification for Personal Noise Dosimeters; g. ANSI Standard S3.1-1999 Maximum Permissible Ambient Noise Levels for Audiometric Test Rooms; h. ANSI Standard S3.6-1969 Specification for Audiometers; i. NASA Form 1707, Special Approvals and Affirmations of Requisitions; j.
    [Show full text]
  • Index to Volume 11
    Index to Volume 11 Asia-Pacific News NOISE-CON 2003 Conference Information, 11: 22 Australia: Acoustics 2003, 11: 152 11: 11: NOISE-CON 2003 Papers, 50 Australia: Applicability of Test Data, 66 NOISE-CON 2003: Report, 11: 132 Australia: Brisbane Noise Strategy. Brisbane Is the Capital City of 11: 11: NOISE-CON 2004: Announcement and Call for Papers, 89 Queensland, 152 The 32nd International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Australia: Control of Noise in the Music Entertainment Industry, 11: 66 11: 11: Engineering, 55 Australia: Future Directions for the AAS, 24 Transportation Noise and Recreational Lands, 11: 9 Australia: Future Directions Workshop Is Held, 11: 152 11: Australia: New AAS Education Initiative, 24 INCE Update Australia: New Fellows of the AAS, 11: 24 11: Australia: WESPAC8 Conference Proceedings, 11: 66 Contributions to the INCE Foundation, 143 11: Japan, 11: 152 Ferdy Martinus Is Awarded the 2003 Martin Hirschorn Prize, 142 Japan: A Meeting for Free Discussion, INCE/Japan, 11: 66 Four Students Are Awarded Prizes in the 2003 Student Paper Prize 11: Japan: ICA 2004, 11: 66 Competition, 142 11: Japan: INCE/Japan Meeting, 11: 25 INCE/USA to Offer Online Technical Paper Retrieval, 71 11: Japan: The 2002 Internet Symposium, 11: 25 INCE/USA: INCE/USA Elects 2003 Officers and New Directors, 29 INCE/USA: More Than 130 Papers Have Been Received for NOISE- CON 03, 11: 29 Books 11: 11: INCE/USA: New INCE/USA Membership Requirements, 142 Foundations of Engineering Acoustics, 48 INCE/USA: New Membership Initiative, 11: 29 International
    [Show full text]