The Contribution of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul- Aziz

The Contribution of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul- Aziz Al-Saud (Founder and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Al-Turath Charitable Foundation) in Architectural and Urban Development.

Contents: A. Establishment of Al-Turath Foundation

B. The activities of Al-Turath Foundation 1. Documentation

2. Publications

3. Restoration

4. Cultural Forum

5. Training

6. Award of Prince Sultan bin Salman for Urban (Architectural)

C. Development of City Centers and towns D. Al-Turath Foundation and its Collaboration with IRCICA

A.Establishment of Al-Turath Foundation

AL-Turath Charitable Foundation is a special entity founded by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul -Aziz Al-Saud in 1417 H (1996 AD) for reviving and preserving all aspects of the traditional heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the activities of which include a number of projects related to the preservation of the urban heritage of the Kingdom in particular and of theArab and Islamic heritage in General.Twelve years later, it reformed into a Philanthropy foundation in 1429 H (2008 AD). While establishing this Foundation HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman commented that “to care of our heritage is a national need, because of its cultural, social, economic and profound environmental dimensions. This care should be presented in both strategic visions and practical steps. The strategic visions and practical steps to preserve the heritage will not produce fruitful results unless there is an awareness of the importance and necessity of heritage to face present and future challenges. Also, the future of our incredibly rich heritage and its continuity it as both renewable and alive depend on finding generations with a better understanding and appreciation for it. Therefore, our target is recognizing its importance that this is the foundation on which we must work to revive, publicize, and get benefit from it”. Al-Turath Foundation has the following vision, mission and objectives:

Vision: Preservation and care of the national heritage, both intellectually and physically, as being an element central to the culture, whose pride is driven from the past and which seeks to contribute to a civilized and confident launch of the future. Mission: To promote awareness of national, Arabic and Islamic heritage; to develop national heritage to become a part of human life, and to develop into a source of pride in the national identity and cultural civilization. Objectives: 1- Keeping and preserving the heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in particular and the Arabic and Islamic heritage in general. 2- Archiving, documentation and restoration of Mosques and preserving their urban character, through the “National Program for Maintaining the Historical Mosques”.

3- Documenting the national memory through the National Archives of Historical Photographs. 4- Spreading the heritage culture through the Foundation’s programs and its periodic publications. 5- Promoting heritage in education curricula through scientific institutions and training forums within and outside the Kingdom. 6- Holding forums, seminars, exhibitions and lectures during Al-Turath annual forum to spread the knowledge and participation of the society in all matters related to heritage. 7- Opening horizons of cooperation and partnership with the institutions and entities related to the heritage inside and outside the Kingdom. 8- Supporting institutions and entities that are related to heritage, and to cooperate with them in contributing to maintaining heritage. 9- Stimulating society to care for its heritage through heritage initiatives in order to spread knowledge and raise awareness of heritage and move to preserve it. 10. Encouraging students and professionals for the preservation of urban heritage through the Prince Sultan Bin Salman Award for urban heritage.

AI-Turath Charitable Foundation has worked over the years to stimulate many of those who have an interest in heritage. The Foundation productions are for the foundation’s own initiatives or for the benefit of specialized entities, whether governmental or private.

B. The activities of Al-Turath Foundation

The activities of Al-Turath Foundation could be classified under the following titles: 1. Documentation 2. Publication 3. Restoration 4. Cultural Forum 5. Training 6. Awards and 7. Building of ‘ Beit al –Turath” Al-Turath house

1. Documentation Since its establishment, Al-Turath Charitable Foundation is keen to contribute to the historical documentation; because of its great importance in the general human life. The documentation is carried out in three forms:

3 i. Documentation of National Archives of Historical Photographs ii. Architectural documentation iii. Data base i. Documentation of National Archives of Historical Photographs The image is one of the most important means of authentication. It is the prime source of scientific, legal and historical documentation sources, along with archaeological finds, urban evidence, manuscripts, digital statistics, audio recordings, animated films, and oral narrative, and others. Great efforts were made to gather information about the history of photography, and its patrons in the Arabian Peninsula. Thus, the stages of the collecting this important heritage came to achieve the desired goal. Regarding the importance of the historical documentation, there was a proposal from Al-Turath Charitable Foundation to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud, when he was the governor of Riyadh province, General Supervisor of King Fahd National Library, and Chairman of the Supreme Committee to celebrate 100 years on the establishment of the Kingdom-to create a «National archive for historical images» at the national Library of King Fahd in Riyadh. The First stage of the National Archive of Historical Photographs:The first stage of the archive at the King Fahd National Library was opened on 28thZul-Hijjah1420 AH (2000 AD). It included about 27 thousand pictures, collected from more than 93 different sources from within and outside the Kingdom. The Second Stage of the National Archive of Historical Photographs: King Fahd National Library and Al-Turath Charitable Foundation signed a contract of implementing the second stage of the National Archive of historical photographs, at the King Fahd National Library's headquarters on Tuesday, 1st Rajab 1433 AH (May 22, 2012 AD). It included fourteen thousand images searched for and drawn from several different sources, as well as processing and configuring them to be accessible to researchers and academics and those interested in the history and heritage of Kingdom’s civilization. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has contributed in preparing the archive of King Khalid`s images along with its efforts in the completing the National Archive of historical photographs which dealt with the kings of the Kingdom, its senior figures and different regions. It features his documented biography with images of his life stages.

Photographic documentation of the Capital Model Institute:AI-Turath Charitable Foundation mounted, at the Capital Model Institute (a school, established in 1940, by King AbdulAziz for the education of his children) the historical photo archive, which was launched on l3th Rabei Al-Awal 1427 (April 11, 2006), under the patronage of His Royal Highness Prince Ahmed Bin Abdul-Aziz-the Vice Interior Minister -at that time- and the chief of the Graduate Association at the Institute. The Graduate Association has taken the decision to name the Archive after His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, in recognition of his adoption of the idea. ii. Architectural documentation Throughout a decade, Al-Turath Charitable Foundation was able to contribute in documenting many architectural landmarks heritage inside and outside the Kingdom through scientific studies which stand on the history of these monuments, their urban character, the materials used in their construction, and other necessary information to keep the effect of any development. The foundation implemented these acts for the sake of various governmental and private entities and individuals, as well. The details of the architectural documentation work has been discussed along with restoration work in Chapter-3.

iii. Database (Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage Database) Under the memorandum of cooperation between Al-Turath Foundation and IRCICA (Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) Istanbul, the cultural subsidiary of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation) in 2007, the project of the Islamic Architectural Heritage Database was established in IRCICA, Istanbul, to make the urban heritage in the Islamic world available to the researcher, the intellectual and the student of science all over the globe.This major initiative was made possible through the generous sponsorship of HRH Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Ibn Abdulaziz. The name of the Data Base is “Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage Database” and the name of the program would continue to stay indefinite The database program aimed to register the Islamic archaeological and architectural heritage assets around the world, depict them by recording comprehensive information on their history and present state, their environment, physical plan and features, past and present functions, restorations done and to contribute to their preservation, development and promotion worldwide. The database has to include all sorts of information, in a way to meet the needs of all

5 research disciplines and sectors of activity – archaeology, architecture, tourism, etc. Establishment and maintenance of the database has to be regularly updated and its focal points would be designated by each country, to provide necessary information on their sites and monuments to IRCICA through an interactive on-line process.

The "Data Base" is treated as set of digital information on the Internet Web which would include detail information about up to 100, 000 Islamic Architectural Heritage monuments to be entered in the period of ten years, including geographical location, photographs and plans, facts and figures, statistics, present condition and future plan for each monument placed on the Web. It is a G.I.S. based system. The Data has to be completed in four level details for each monument: 1. Basic data; 2. Property; 3. Urban context; 4. Supporting documents- digital library and archive. Basic level data would be fully accessible for anyone and other levels would be accessible for registered users, partners in the program or affiliated to research institutions or to scientific projects only. A total of 212,194 documents have been elaborated till today (digitized for use of researchers) from published and digital sources (including articles, periodicals, reports, bibliographies, documents related to history of countries/cities and such written documents, pictures, maps, engravings and organized in 4200 dossiers. Documents related with the Project are still permanently collected and categorized by the countries and individual monuments.

2 .Al-Turath Publications

AI-TurathCharitableFoundation published a wide range of books around the subject of heritage, whether this heritage is Saudi, Arabic, Islamic or more generally human. It is concerned with the translation of books dealing with heritage in all its various aspects. As a part of this interest, AI-Turath CharitableFoundation published a series of documentary books about the kings of Saudi Arabia, highlighting aspects of their personalities and achievements in various fields of endeavor.

The Foundation has also produced books on the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, its regions, the stages of its development, customs and traditions, cultural and civilization heritage in general. They record the impressions of explorers and seasoned travelers and their memoirs about the country, anecdotes and pictures of the Arabian Peninsula taken during historical times.

King Abdul-Aziz (1999) It is a historical illustrated book deals with the biography of the founder King Abdul Aziz Bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (May Allah rest his soul). It included a collection of rare photographs for different stages of his life, featuring his local and international achievements in all political, economic and social fields.

King Saud (2007) It is a historical illustrated book about King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud (May Allah send His mercy upon him) and includes rare pictures of the king.

King Faisal (2008) It is a historical illustrated book about King Faisal Bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud- (May Allah send His mercy upon him) and includes a large collection of photographs documenting different stages of his life.

King Khaled (2010) It is a historical illustrated book about King Khalid bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud.

Prince Salman It is a historical illustrated book about His Royal Highness King Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud.It is under publication.

Sheikh Isa Bin Salman Al-Khalifa (2012) It is a book which documented in pictures the most important stages of the life of His Highness Shaikh Isa Bin Salman Al-Khalifa, Prince of the State of Bahrain – (May Allah send His Mercy upon him) Biography of the architectural heritage (2013) His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud offers new stories about the architectural heritage in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

The camera of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al- Saud (2012). The book includes a collection of valuable images taken by the camera of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud, through various trips by land or air, moving between the countryside and urban throughout the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through towering mountains, its valleys and plains, along with a collection of photos he had taken during his visits in other countries.

Saudi Arabia in the eyes of early photographers (1997) It is a historical illustrated book which talks about the beginnings of photography in the Kingdom and reviews the history of the early photographers.

Back To Earth (1998) It is an architectural book in English under the title "Back to Earth". It addresses the possibility of benefiting from the traditional construction methods and its development, in line with the requirements of modern times. It discusses the restoration and rehabilitation of the rural home at Udhaibat farm, while maintaining its traditional character, using traditional raw materials, and working it to go with modern construction techniques. It was written by William Facey and has been published in 1418 AH (1998 AD).

Diriyyah and the first Saudi State (1999) It is a historical book which addresses the history of Diriyyah in the era of the first Saudi state, and documents the stages of its development. Al-Medinah Al-Monawara as the most marvelous city (2001) It is a historical book about Madinah which reviews its history since the pre- Islamic era to the present era.

The features of the traditional culture at A`seer (Ethnographic Study), (2002) It is a documentary book about physical heritage, and its relations with the social and environmental aspects in the south of Saudi Arabia.

The Arab Chest (2006) This book is about the Arab Chest published in English

Arab and Islamic civilization in Saudi Arabia (1908)

It is an encyclopedic book featuring the most prominent features of Arab and Islamic civilization in Saudi Arabia during different eras.

Images of pilgrims to Mecca in 1325 AH (1908 AD) The book includes a rare collection of historical valuable pictures taken by Dr. Mohammed al-Husseini for Makkah in the Hajj season in 1325 AH (1908 AD) from the archives of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the fathers of the Dominican in Cairo.

Madinah: its urban traditional structure and composition (2010)

The book addresses the urban elements and the physical infrastructure of Madinah, its forts and defensive buildings.

Bedouins Weaving (2010) It is a book which was published in English and written by Joy Tautah Hilden. Al-Hamraa as a trip to the Andalusian Architectural Heritage ( 2013) The idea of the book came as a result of an exploratory trip organized by the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities and the municipalities and their chairmen, within the mutual exchange with heads of Spanish cities; to

King Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud: An Illustrated History (1999) It is a historical illustrated book about the founder King Abdul-Aziz (May Allah rest his soul). It includes a collection of rare images for the most important historical stages in his life, and reviews his achievements.

Riyadh: History and Development (1999) It is a historical illustrated book which presents the stages of the historical, urban and cultural development, which has been achieved in Riyadh through 100 years.

Riyadh, In the Eyes of Voyagers (2001) It is a historical book which includes what was written about the city of Riyadh by number of the voyagers’ who visited the city in multiple times in 1421 AH (2001 AD).

Photos from Saudi Arabia (2001) (North and west of Saudi Arabia)

It is a documentary book which includes a collection of photos taken by the two French archeologists: Jaussen and Savignac.

Holy Kaaba and the Two Holy Mosques as Architecture and history (2002) It is a Historical book which documents the history of Holy Kaaba and the Two Holy Mosques, and the evolution of their architecture through history till their expansion in the era of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Fahd Bin Abdul-Aziz (may Allah send His Mercy on him).

Way to Mecca (2004) It is a book translated from English in which the author Muhammad Asad (May Allah send His Mercy upon him) describes his journey across the desert to Makkah during King Abdul-Aziz`s (May Allah rest his soul) . Arabian Peninsula Felipe (2004) The book reviews the biography of the voyager Abdullah Felipe (Harry St. John . It was written by Elizabeth Monroe, and translated into Arabic by Ahmed Omar Shahin. The family of the Holy Valley (Wadi-e-Mubarak) in Al-Mizan (1371 – 1395 AH) (2005) It is a literary book which addresses "The family of the Holy Valley", and deals with the importance of the cultural role since the early seventies, the details of its inception, its objectives and principles, its achievements, contributions, and their impact in the literary reality in the Kingdom.

Riyadh region: Old Political and Cultural History (2007) It is a historical book about the old Arab kingdoms in the Riyadh representing two periods: old and new.

Traditional Crafts Of Saudi Arabia (2005) It is an introductory illustrated book about traditional crafts of Saudi Arabia which was published in English. Saudi Ports: An Achievement and A miracle (2007)

The Native Architecture of Saudi Arabia (2008) It is an architect book published by the Riyadh Municipality, talking about local architecture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and was supported by illustrated

10 images.

Princes of Riyadh during Saudi Arabia covenants (2008)

It is a historical book published by Riyadh Municipality which addresses the princes, who led the Emirate of Riyadh, through various covenants of Saudi Arabia.

Teacher: Mohammed Awad Bin Laden (2010)

The book addresses the biography of the businessman Sheikh. Mohammed Awad Bin Laden. New Life for Old Structures (2011) It is an architect book which addresses the revival of the old buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and displays the old Diriyyah as a model for the revival of the traditional architectural heritage.

Electronic Versions

AL-Turath Institution is seeking to take advantage of information technology solutions to develop publications in the field of electronic publishing, whether it is through the issuance of CDs or through its web site: www.al-turath.com

Among these versions, there is a CD about His Royal Highness Prince Fahd Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz and CD about the family tables of the Saudi royal family

Heritage Heroes (film): It is a series of seven parts offered and supported by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, and addresses 18 personalities from around the world who were able to confirm that the past can find ample room in our speedy cities. The film was broadcast on the BBC.

The film of architectural heritage pioneers of the Kingdom It is a documentary film in a series which documents the pioneers of architectural heritage in Saudi Arabia.

3. Restoration

11 i. The national program for maintaining the historical mosques

The national programfor maintaining the historical mosques is a prominent existing list that works on protecting the architectural heritage; through what is seen from the projects being implemented - currently - in the various regions of the Kingdom. The program aims at preserving the historical mosques; because of their great position in the Islamic religion, to distinguish their authentic architectural character; in addition to being one of the most important architectural landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud, the chairman of the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities, founder and president of Al-Turath Charitable Foundation; has adopted the national program of taking care of old mosques in the context of his interest in all things related to the mosques and the heritage of Islamic architecture. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation started its role in caring for mosques in Saudi Arabia, and took upon itself - since the beginning of the launch of the program in 1418 H, the importance of documenting and restoration of a number of historic mosques in all regions of the Kingdom and its villages. The idea of launching the national program to take care of old mosques came from the vision presented by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman, in collaboration with the Minister of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da`wa and Guidance Sheikh Saleh Bin Abdul Aziz Al-Sheikh, to His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Abdul Aziz, the Crown Prince – May Allah Send His Mercy upon him- the second Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of defense and Aviation and Inspector General -at that time. The scope of work includes counting the selected mosques to develop a scientific plan for its documentation, and restored them by the way that guarantees maintaining their urban character. The work is conducted according to the priorities to work in restoration. Furthermore, the work includes a timetable and budget estimates for the restoration of mosques that have been counted, and their rehabilitation and reconstruction of some of them. In addition to visualize creating an investment support for what the mosques need of maintenance in the future. In the second stage, Al-Turath Charitable Foundation started a comprehensive survey of those mosques approved according to information available from the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da`wa and Guidance, according to a specific timetable, through a team of specialists who surveyed those mosques,

12 location and recorded all the information to which it relates, and documented this in a registration form specific to each mosque. This form includes registration of coordinates related to them to be counted and classified. This survey was made through cadastral and encompasses all the elements of the mosque, and the preparation of horizontal watershed, cutters, external and internal interfaces, and architectural accurate details. In addition to describe the current situation of the parts of the mosque through the architectural and construction aspects, and documenting mosques with photography.

Field research team holds the task of initial filming of mosques, which is the ultimate choice in all its aspects to be part of the program. The importance of photographing mosques is to document the information in the program through archiving, as well as the books that can be republished and the exhibitions holds about the program. Plates were put on the mosques approved, and that have been documented to ensure that non-exposure to them and to define the program. This has been made in coordination with the Ministry of Islamic Affairs and Endowments, Da`wa and guidance. Work has begun in this program by surveying a number of important mosques in various parts of the Kingdom which have been documented and photographed. Detailed reports were made on each of them. This achievement includes the establishment of a database of all information, images and cadastral mosques to be covered by the program. General Information about survey are updated continuously. This database contributes to define the program and its importance. Al-Turath CharitableFoundation developed a comprehensive program, determines the initial requirements to take care of every mosque, including restoration and processing costs, requirements of rehabilitation and schedule. Mosques have been arranged according to the priority basis and the urban state. An urgent program was made for the rescued restoration of mosques experiencing major problems and require urgent care to preserve its integrity. In coordination with the ministry, the Foundation prepares a list of mosques that will be approved on the program, after a thorough study and prioritization, and comprehensive survey of the historic mosques that should be covered by the program. The achievements of AL-Turath Charitable Foundation with regard to the program include the completion of a survey, study and restoration of a number of mosques, which are as follows: the study of the restoration of Al-Bai`a Mosque in Makkah

13 and Al-zawiya Mosque at Yanbu in Madinah. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation studies five mosques, in the area of seven mosques in Madinah, that will be restored by the municipality of the Madinah area, and restoration of four mosques include: Al-Ghamama mosque, Abu Bakr El-Sedeeq mosque and Omar Ibn Al- Khattab mosque with the support of the Almnakha company, in addition to the Al- Sokhra mosque at Al-Ula with the support of the Prince Sultan Bin Salman. The restoration work has been completed successfully at Shafei and Al-Me`mar mosques at the historic area of Jeddah with a generous support of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud (may Allah protect him) and the work is currently conducted at the Mosque of Al-Hanafi at historical area of Jeddah with a generous support of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz (may Allah save him). In Riyadh region, there has been the restoration of a number of mosques: the Al- Husseini mosque with the support of the people of the area, Alaochza mosque at the province of Al-Ghat with the support of His Royal Highness Princess Sultana Bint Ahmad Sudairi (May Allah send His Mercy upon her soul), Qrasha mosque at Horimelaa, Zaweihra mosque at Dir'iyyah, financed by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, Al-Seriah mosque at Dir`iyyah and Al-- Mareeh mosque in Riyadh, and the mosque of Dussarie for which Al-Turath CharitableFoundation is preparing a restoration plan. Also, the restoration has been made to the mosque of Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz Bin Mohammed Bin Saud at Tabab in the Asir region, and restored by the Al- Turath Charitable Foundation and financed by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz, (May Allah send His Mercy upon his soul) when he was a crown prince.

There are six mosques in the eastern region which were restored with the support of the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu, namely: Joatha mosque, Al- Hassan mosque at Batalih, Al-Aqeer mosque at port of Al-Aqeer, the first and second mosques of Al-Tohimeh village, and Hamad al-Majdal mosque located at Jinna island. Al-Jabri mosque has been renovated with the support of Sheikh Abdull Atif Bin Mohammed Al-Khatib. In the framework of the institution's efforts in this program, Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has organized a number of tours to various parts of the Kingdom aiming at surveying the mosques that need restoration and studying their states accurately; to be restored so as to maintain their elements of heritage, and give them a continuity element; to continue its civilizational and cultural role.

In the framework of cooperation and complementary relationship with the Ministry of Islamic Affairs, General Authority for Tourism and Antiquities has been entered into joint cooperation agreement with Endowments, Da`wa and Guidance and Al- Turath Charitable Foundation on April 2012 under the patronage of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan bin Salman aiming at coordinating efforts and completing the national program projects to take care of the historic mosques. Makkah Region AL-Turath Foundation has conducted the works of documentation, restoration and rehabilitation of a number of historic mosques in Makkah, including Al-Bai`a Mosque in Mina. Madinah The restoration work carried out by Al-Turath Charitable Foundation in Madinah included three mosques located at the places where the Prophet (PBUH), his family and companions, prayed. This is what gives these mosques special importance, as well as, they were characterized of the urban character. These mosques include both: Al-Musalla (Al-Ghamamh) mosque, and the Mosque of Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, and the Mosque of Omar Bin al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, and Almnakha company financed the cost of their restoration. Riyadh Al-Riyadh region includes a group of historic mosques that combine great historical value, and its distinguished urban designs. The «National program for the maintenance of the historic mosques» succeeded in re-grouping them into what they were restored, after they were threatened with extinction and collapse. The Foundation has carried out works of documentation, restoration and rehabilitation of these mosques, with the support of a number of generous people of this great country. Zawihra Mosque Zawihra mosque is one of the oldest mosques in the province of Diriyyah, and one of its historic landmarks. The technical inspection of the mosque conducted by Al- Turath Foundation has shown its need for restoration and rehabilitation according to the scientific method specialized for the archaeological structures. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation holds the work of its restoration and rehabilitation financed by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan bin Salman - President of the Foundation.

Al-Oshza Mosque Al-Oshza mosque represents one of the oldest mosques in Al-Ghat province located at north of Riyadh. It was built about four centuries ago, and is located within the «Development of villages and heritage sites» program, which is implemented by the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities. Rehabilitation work of the mosque and its restoration lasted for six months, financed by HRH Princess Sultana Bint Turki Bin Ahmed Al-Sudairy (May Allah rest her soul).

A`seer Region A`seer region includes a number of old mosques that have historic status. Al- Turath Charitable Foundation restored the mosque of Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz bin Mohammed Bin Saud at Tabab in the area A`seer, financed by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz, (may Allah protect him).

Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz bin Mohammed Mosque The mosque was established when Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz bin Muhammad commissioned its building in 1221 AH (1800 AD), in Tabab village located at A`seer. It has been existed for more than 210 years as a beacon of science, and to teach the Qur’an and religious sciences, reading and writing. The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz gave order for the restoration and documentation and to complete the mosque facilities including building a school for memorizing Qur’an, the residence of the Imam, washroom for the dead bodies, toilets, and parking. The works of documentation, restoration, rehabilitation and development of the mosque completed in 1423 H/2003 AD. Eastern Region A number of mosques in the eastern region is of great historical prestige, along with the unique urban character which they enjoyed. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has completed the documentation, restoration and rehabilitation of a group of them with the support of the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu. This group included mosques of al-Hassan, Al-A`qeer, Jwatha at Al- Ahsaa, the first and second mosques of Al-Tohimeiah, mosque of Hamad al-Majdal, while al- Jaafari's family undertook the restoration of Al-Jabri mosque. Al-A`qeer Mosque

Al-Turath Charitable Foundation conducted a documentary study of the mosque, which is located in Al-A`qeer center in preparation for its restoration and rehabilitation. The study proved the effect of moisture in most of the mosque components, threatening to collapse. So, the foundation carried out technical assessment that have contributed to the restoration of the mosque with its previous status as an elegant facades, which is considered as a store of eventful history.

Al-Hassan Mosque Al-TurathCharitable Foundation has conducted an architectural historic study of Al-Hassan mosque at Al-Ahsa before embarking on a restoration process. This study included determining the method of roofing used in the original construction, and the type which is used for its doors and windows. Restoration work required to rebuild the collapsed parts of the mosque by conventional means.

Mosques of Al-Tuhaimeh The study conducted by the Foundation for the first and second mosques of Al- Tuhaimeh revealed the need of technical treatments for a range of defects that distort their external shape, and threaten the sustainability of their building. In light of this, the foundation has conducted a series of processing operations that have achieved the goal of restoration and rehabilitation process, and contributed in the end to preserve the original shape of the two mosques. Al-Jabri Mosque This mosque is located in the north side of Al-Kout district in the city of Hofuf. It was built by Sayf al-Din Bin Hussein Al-Jabri in 880 AH (1475 AD). The mosque still retains its old character. It is roofed with a number of domes, and has a spacious courtyard in the middle, surrounded by arcades on all four sides. Works of restoration and rehabilitation carried out by the Foundation for the mosque included all the aspects till it returned to its former form. Jawatha Mosque Jawatha city which located in Al-Ahsa includes remains of a number of the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) who were martyred in the cause of Allah in the wars of deterring apostates. Jawatha Mosque is one of the most prominent features of this city. It was built in 840 AH (1436 AD). It was reported that this mosque was restored in 1210 AH (1750 AD). It consists of the mosque from the remnants of decades that form a gallery and surrounded by a bench built of brick and cement, and an outdoor courtyard of the mosque, surrounded by high

17 fence which contributed to the preservation of the upper parts of the mosque over the past centuries. Hamad al-Majdal Mosque The mosque is located in Jinnah Island, on the eastern shore of the Persian Gulf, 35 kilometers north of the city of Jubail and just 22 kilometers east of «Al- Kharasaniya». The island is 1.5 km away from the coast. This mosque features a building with the traditional materials used in the region, stone, clay, and its minaret is characterized by distinctive form that appears visible from long distances.

The Foundation has conducted a study of the mosque, followed by the implementation of restoration and rehabilitation work in accordance with the plan by which it was built in the past. ii. Historic Buildings (Restoration and Documentation)

Preservation of the architectural heritage represents one of the main objectives that Al-Turath Charitable Foundation was established for, because of the close link of this heritage to the identity of Saudi Arabia, and its cultural heritage. The urban heritage is a reflection of the civilization and values of the community.

There are numerous Heritage projects in the field of preserving the architectural heritage, to include "national program for the maintenance of old mosques," and the works of documentation and restoration, and the work of the development of urban heritage.

Documentation and Restoration:

The efforts of Al-Turath Charitable Foundation in this field can be illustrated through a review of a number of the most important historical buildings for which the Foundation contributed to their maintenance. These buildings have historical significance. The technical requirements of their restoration is carried out according to the chronology of the implementation of these works.

King Abdul-Aziz Palace at Al-Muraba`:

This palace was built in 1357 AH (1937 AD), outside the walls of the old Riyadh,

18 later known as Al-Muraba` district. The palace took its name (Al-Muraba` Palace) from the affiliation to this place.

Shubra Historical Palace in Taif:

Shubra Palace was built in 1323 AH (1905 AD) in the northeastern part of Taif city in Shubra district, and taken by the King Abdul-Aziz (May Allah send His Mercy upon him)- as a residence during the summer.

King Abdul-Aziz Palace at Al-Dawadmi

King Abdul-Aziz (May Allah send His mercy upon him) published his royal order of constructing this palace on the seventh of 1349 AH (1930 AD). It is considered a place to receive the heads of the local tribes, and the general public.

In 1421 AH (2001 AD), Al-Turath Charitable Foundation conducted a comprehensive registration and documentation of the palace, to be an archaeological, architectural and historical landmark. This included documenting the palace with photos in the current situation, and to prepare scientific studies on the appropriate method for its restoration, which returned to the palace its stature and historical value which it acquired throughout the eight decades since its establishment.

Emirate Building at Haditha

Emirate building is located at Haditha city in the northern border area. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has completed the restoration of the building after its documentation in 1421 AH (2001 AD).

Rabi`ah House in Al-Mujamaa

The house of Al-Rabi`ah located at Al-Mujamaa in the Riyadh province is one of the important historical buildings in the province. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation conducted the rehabilitation and restoration of the house an according to international standards to preserve the historic buildings. The works of restoration and rehabilitation lasted for two years and completed in 1421 AH (2001 AD).

Ancient Haddaj Well in Taima

The Hadaj Well, located at Taima city of Madinah is the famous ancient monuments in the Kingdom, and its construction dates back before Christ With the support of His Royal Highness Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Bin Abdul-Aziz - Prince of Tabouk area, Al-Turath Charitable Foundation started in 1422 AH (2002 AD) to conduct a scientific study about the conditions for the restoration of the Well, including highlights its role, and rehabilitating and planning the surrounding area to become a prominent touristic landmark.

Rumaila Mosque in Riyadh

The mosque is located in the middle of Al-Zuheira Street which is located in the heart of Riyadh. It is one of the old mosques that have been built in a traditional style with clay, and the roof with tamarisk wood. AL-Turath Charitable Foundation took over the work of restoration and rehabilitation of the mosque using the scientific methods and inaugurated the mosque after its rehabilitation in 1422 AH (2002 AD).

Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz bin Mohammed Mosque in Tabab village: The mosque was built when Imam Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz Bin Muhammad commissioned its building in 1221 AH (1800 AD), in Tabab village located near Abha in Asir region.

King Abdul-Aziz Palace at Al-Muwayh: King Abdul-Aziz Palace is located in the city of Al Muwayh at a distance of 40 kilometers to the west of Riyadh- Taif highway.

King Abdul-Aziz Palace at Nata`: King Abdul-Aziz Palace is located at Nata` to the south of the way extended to Assarar at a distance of 35 km from the city of Nairiyah in the eastern region. It was built in 1349 AH (1930 AD). As-Sokhra mosque at Al-Ula: As-Sokhra Mosque is one of the old mosques in Al-Ula city in Madinah region. It was built of traditional stones. AL-Hofuf Primary School: Al-Hofuf Primary School is one of the oldest schools in the Eastern Province of the Kingdom, which was founded when King Abdul-Aziz -(May Allah rest his soul issued a decree in 1349 AH (1930 AD) to build a government primary school in

Al-Ahsa province, and it was completed in 1360 AH (1940 AD), and named "Hofuf primary School". Hijaz Railway station in Madinah: The Sultan Abdul Hamid II (May Allah send His Mercy upon him)issued a decree on the fifth of Jumada II 1318 AH (1900 AD) to build a railway connecting Muslims countries in the north of the Arabian Peninsula to the Holy Land. This railroad was named «Hijaz Railway ». The Deputy Ministry of Antiquities and Museums, Ministry of Education (Ministry of Education currently) gave the task of renovating the Hijaz Railway station in Madinah to Al-Turath Charitable Foundation, which has restored and rehabilitate the station buildings and various facilities. This made it possible to use them in different scientific, cultural and touristic purposes, and it was returned to its original form as being an important historical landmark which has been added to the prominent landmarks in Madinah. The project included the restoration and rehabilitation of the main building of the station, support buildings, railroad tracks, and some locomotives existing and fence around it. It took five years to be implemented starting in 1421 AH (2001 AD), up to 1426 AH (2006 AD).

Mada`en Saleh Al-Ula Railway Station: The station is located in the famous ancient city at Mada`en Saleh, which is one of the Hejaz railway stations. It is located between the stations of Addar Al-Hamraa and Al-Ula. The works of the station`s documentation, restoration and rehabilitation were assigned to Al-Turath Charitable Foundation, like the work of developing the main railway station to Hijaz in Madinah. Marhab Palace at Khyber: Marhab Palace or «Al-Qamous Fort» is of the greatest and strongest forts in the Arabian Peninsula. It is located in Khyber, to the northeast of the Madinah in the Madinah province.Experts attribute the architecture of the palace to before the advent of Islam, and the palace opened in the era of Prophet Muhammad, (peace be upon him), at the hands of the Caliph Ali Ibn Abi Talib, (may Allah be pleased with him), and some parts were destroyed during the opening in seven and eight years of the Hijri. The AL-Turath Charitable Foundation in 1424 AH (2004 AD) and over three years conducted the registration and comprehensive documentation of the palace, which included the preparation of scientific, architectural and historical studies and portrayal of photography, followed by the restoration of the Palace according to the optimal method that best fits its historical time, building

21 materials used in its construction, to become one of the popular touristic palaces in Saudi Arabia. Project of Historical Diriyyah Development: The Project for the Development of Historical Dir'iyyah, undertaken by the High Commission for the Development of Riyadh, aims to turn it into a cultural and touristic center at the national level, according to its historical, cultural, architectural and environmental characteristics. It requires the restoration of archaeological sites and historic facilities in Diriyyah, which was the cradle of the start of the first and second Saudi state and its rehabilitation, and the establishment of cultural heritage institutions, and adding necessary services for the launch of the touristic, cultural and spiritual activity in the city.

The basic phase of the project covers both of archaeological districts of Atturaif and Al-Bujairy, in addition to streets, infrastructure, and parking lots, and the networks of public utilities and services. The project includes restoring the urban structures to its state before being degraded and disappearing in preparation for retaining it within the traditional, cultural and appropriate activities to make it an architectural landmark in an open museum. This came after the completion of the restoration and development works according to scientific standards followed in the restoration of archaeological structures approved by the UNESCO.

Al-Turath Charitable Foundation contributed to this great project through assigning work necessary for consolidation of the buildings in the project of the Foundation in 1426 AH (2006 AD).

Salwa Palace Compound at Atturaif District: Al-Turath philanthropy Foundationwas given the work of the survey and architectural documentation of the palace and the works of strengthening the architectural elements prone to collapse along with the work of removing the rubble and cleaning Salwa Palace. AL-Turath Foundation completed this work in 1428 AH (2008 AD).

Wooden pulpit in Hadramout: Wooden pulpit located in Hadramout, in the Republic of Yemen constitute the wealth of rare Islamic heritage, featuring the Muslim architectural capabilities and its interaction with its environment, using what is available in the resources and potentials for the formation of architecture elements, combining the functional and aesthetic sides.

Urban Development: In order to preserve the urban character, Al-Turath CharitableFoundation creates new buildings with the style of urban development heritage for the benefit of different parties, using traditional materials, including construction technology with compressed mud brick and with the introduction of modern systems in the building. These buildings included a range of palaces, rural houses, guest houses and farms.

Rural house in Nakheel - Al-Udhaibat:

Al-Turath Charitable Foundation contributed in building the rural house of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, known as «Nakheel Al- Udhaibat» . The works included the mud house whose construction goes back to decades, and the rehabilitation of the mosque, and the restoration of an old well which is an important symbol of Najdi architecture.

Mud house in Arqa Palace: The Palace is located in the Arqa archaeological district in the western part of the city of Riyadh. In 1427 AH (2007 AD), Al-Turath Charitable Foundation contributed, to build a mud house in the palace using traditional materials of stone in the foundation, mud bricks in the walls, implementation of plaster mud work, andbuilding the roof of tamarisk wood and palm fronds and the carved decorations were drawn on the walls using traditional plaster, stone-paved floors, doors and windows made of tamarisk wood, and a fireplace was built in the heart of the home.

Al-Moghtra Farm and Rest House: Al-Moghtarra farm and the rest house is located over the hill adjacent to the Diriyyah city in the western part of the Arqa neighborhood in the city of Riyadh. In 1425 AH ( 2005 AD), Al-Turath Charitable Foundation built therest house and farm using compressed mud bricks which is a new technology increases the resistance of bricks, carrying loads, and resisting time factors and taking advantage of the properties of thermal insulation of clay.

Al-Khalidiya Farm

Al-Khalidiya Farm is located in Tebrak, about 80 kilometers west of the city of Riyadh on the road to Riyadh-Taif. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has entrusted the work of building a traditional archaeological farm that consists of a main

23 building, buildings attached to the service, surrounded by walls with high towers, as the ancient castles model used for guards.

Restoration of Heritage (images and archaeological artefacts): Al-Turath Charitable Foundation made multiple efforts to restore the monuments and historical valuable national images existed outside Kingdom, in cooperation with the concerned authorities to confirm its national role. Among these efforts are: Restoration of Barger Archaeological Group Thomas Barger - the first president of Saudi Aramco, obtained a group of Saudi archaeological artifacts through his work in Kingdom, and transferring to California, USA, after the end of his work to the state of California, USA. A Group of Princess Alice Trip Photos AL-Turath Foundation got a set of Princess Alice`s pictures -the Countess of Athlone- the first member of the British royal family to visit Saudi Arabia in 1357 AH (1938 AD). Photo Album of Captain Shakespeare: AL-Turath Foundation has been able to get a photo album of British Agent Captain William Shakespeare, who visited the Kingdom in the year 1332 AH (1914 AD), and then took a set of images and kept some of them in a number of British archives. Cooperation and Partnership for Heritage: Since its foundation, AL-Turath Foundation took an approach which depends on effective partnership and fruitful cooperation with various parties related to the development of heritage and preserving it. Al-Turath crystallized a vision for the partnership frameworks and cooperation with Saudi Arabia and the Arab and international institutions concerned with heritage and maintaining it. Cooperation with the Prince of Wales Institution and the Prince's School of Traditional Arts. Cooperation with Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA). AL-Turath Foundation entered into a cooperation agreement with the Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) related to the Organization of the Islamic Conference, for joint work in the areas of Islamic heritage, on 13th Rabei` I ,1428 AH (1stApril 2007 AD), in Nakheel Al- Udhaibat of Riyadh.

The agreement aims at working together to increase the interest of the Islamic heritage through defining it, and the ways of its maintenance through multiple means.

Prince Sultan Bin Salman`s Architectural Heritage Chair at King Saud University Prince Sultan Bin Salman`s Architectural Heritage Chair was established at King Saud University under a cooperation agreement between Al-Turath Foundation and King Saud University represented in the College of Architecture and Planning on 18th Jumada II in 1429 AH (June 22nd, 2008 AD).

The agreement of establishing a mud building center in the historic Dir'iyyah His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman signed a memorandum of cooperation between the institution on the one hand, and the High Commission for the Development of Riyadh, and the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities, and King Saud University on the other hand, to establish a center for mud building in the historic Dir'iyyah , to maintain the traditional architectural heritage in Kingdom, in which building with mud is the main element. A cooperation Agreement with Assilah Forumand with Barry University of Technology and Vocational Training was also signed.

4. Cultural Forum

The Charitable Heritage Foundation seeks to contribute to serving the cultural heritage in the Kingdom through a permanent participation in local symposia, Arab and international forums. It has a clear role in the revitalization of the cultural movement in the Kingdom, by organizing a number of cross-cultural activities and seasonal events, which have been held over the past years. These events included organizing exhibitions, seminars, conferences, lectures and training courses that converge in the many aspects of heritage preservation.

Exhibitions Many exhibitions were held by Al-Turatth Foundation under the patronage of HRH Prince Sultan bin Salman which includes: Exhibition of Saudi-German relations

Exhibition of Saudi Arabia photos - North and West of Saudi Arabia

Fair of book" My Trip to Mecca"

Prince Salman inaugurates the Books of Kings Saud, Faisal and Khaled

Exhibition of Riyadh "History and Development" National Archive Exhibition of Historical Photographs Fahd Exhibition: Biography and March Syrian Architectural Heritage Exhibition Exhibition of Arabian Peninsula in the old European maps Exhibition "When Arabic Science spoke" Exhibition of Prince Sultan Bin Salman Archive of historical photographs of the Capital Model Institute. Homeland Memory Exhibition Sheikh Abdullah Al-Suleiman Gallery Exhibition "Images of pilgrims to Mecca" Riyadh International Exhibition of oil, gas and petrochemical industries Exhibit of historical photographs at Princess Nora Bint Abdul Rahman University, sponsored by AL-Turath Exhibition of Abdul Rahman Al-Sudairy Foundation for pictures of Arab and the West Explorers Riyadh International Book Fair National Museum embraces Pilgrimage Exhibition 1908 Participation in the Riyadh International Book Fair Exhibition and Forum of "Historical Images in Saudi Newspapers" Exhibition of «Historical Images in Saudi Newspapers» - Janadariaya Pilgrimage Fair 1908 - Dar al-Hikma College Hajj Photos Exhibition in Katara 1908 - Qatar The participation of Al-Turath Charitable Foundation in the book fair - Arch of Civilization

Conference His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman –the founder and president of Al- Turath Charitable Foundation- attended the Seventh International Conference of the Forum on UNESCO and universities, which was held at Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan on 12thShawwal 1423H (17th December 2000 AD). Beside this there were many conferences which were either attended by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan bin Salman or by his representative from Al-Turath. These are as following: A Conference" From Orientalism to Globalization" Conference and exhibition of opportunities and challenges in 21stcentury A conference of Arab Documentation in Foreign Archives International Forum of Urban preservation First International Conference of Urban Heritage in Islamic Countries Conference of Architectural Heritage and digital technologies and their applications Seminars Many seminars,symposiums and lecture were held related to urban architecture and heritage under the supervision of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, the founder and head of Al-Turath Charitable Foundation and the honorary president of the Saudi Society, and mostly either he submitted papers are presented lectures. These were as following: Seminar of Mosque Architecture Seminar of urban development strategies in Arab cities Architectural Heritage Symposium in the Arab city between Conservativeness and Modernism Seminar of Developing Engineering and Urban Education Seminar of National Architectural Heritage and Ways of Maintaining, developing it and investing it in tourism. Seminar of "Cities of the Future" Lecture "Memories of Keith Wheeler with Word and Image" Lecture of" Heritage of Traditional Islamic Architecture in the Arabian Peninsula"

Lecture "Prospects of Architectural Heritage in the Gulf: Saudi Arabia as a Model Lecture of "The restoration of National Monuments Story" Seminar of urban development strategies in Arab cities Seminar of Developing Engineering and Urban Education Seminar of National Architectural Heritage and Ways of Maintaining, developing it and investing it in tourism. Seminar of "Cities of the Future" Lectures Lecture "Memories of Keith Wheeler with Word and Image" Lecture of" Heritage of Traditional Islamic Architecture in the Arabian Peninsula" Lecture "Prospects of Architectural Heritage in the Gulf: Saudi Arabia as a Model Lecture of "The restoration of National Monuments Story" Al-Turath Charitable Foundation started implementation of the archaeological program which includes a number of forums, under the title «Cultural Forum», in order to address historical and cultural heritage issues associated with reality confirming the vision of AL-Turath Foundation. This forum contributes to the formation of awareness and deepen the understanding of the identity and privacy of civilization. Under this program many lectures were organized by Al-Turath Foundation which includes: A lecture under the title "Ka`aba and Hajj" A lecture under the Title "The Historical Center of Jeddah… Dialogue of space and time" A Lecturer about the princes of Riyadh in the Historic Center A lecture on traditional culture in A`seer A lecture on the book "Great thesaurus" Traditional architecture in Saudi Arabia A lecture on "Madinah structures and Its Traditional Architecture" Lecture on Saduw and Bedouin weaving Forums

Al-Turath Charitable Foundation is Keen to participate in the activities of Forum of “The National Heritage” starting from 2010 until 2014. It will include a number of permanent cultural events represented in the ceremony of announcing Winners of Prince Sultan Bin Salman Award for Urban Heritage, and the accompanying exhibition. "For the Sake of Heritage" Al-Turath Charitable Participation at the forum of Travel and Tourism Investment”. Heritage is a key factor and a tributary of culture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in general, and in the world, in particular. It is a common denominator with tourism in national development, so AL-Turath Foundation is keen to participate in everything related to tourism and heritage. Among these events, there was a Forum of Travelling and Tourism Investment as Al-Turath Charitable Foundation participated in the forum, which opened on 19-23 Jumada I 1434 AH (31st March - April 4th, 2013 AD), with a section which offers a range of its publications in history, culture and heritage in the Arabic, English and French. 5. Training Courses AL-Turath Foundation used to hold specialized courses and workshops in fields that serve heritage in all forms, based on its desire to find qualified national individuals with creative skills who are able to assume their responsibilities in the restoring and rehabilitating and maintaining archaeological buildings. These includes: Training Course of Restoring and Preserving of the Architectural Heritage Workshop of Developing of Proportionality Foundations in Islamic Architecture Training Course about Building with Mud

Urban heritage training program

Under this goal, Al-Turath has initiated a training program in the spring and summer starting from summer 2011. The program is designed for junior students, professionals and specialists to be able to upgrade the heritage knowledge in different levels of education and governmental departments, and serves the employees of the municipalities and universities and all practitioners in the field of preservation of urban heritage.

The First Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in the Summer of 2011, between June 27th - July 29th, in IstanbulCentre City Istanbul. The title of the program was “Research preservation and management”.

The program was held in collaboration with Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Prince Sultan Bin Salman chairFor Urban Heritage, KSA, Politecnico Di Bari, Prince’s School of Traditional Arts, London, University of Sarajevo, Istanbul Metropolitan Planning Centre and Islamic Urban Heritage under the title “Research, Preservation and Management”.

The program was mainly focussed on the southern part of Turkey and comprised of lectures, studio work and individual research. Lectures were held for 45 hours and studio work included 85 hours, including three field trips.(Some individual researches were also developed and discussed for 30 hours with the instructors on the following titles:

• Overview of Islamic Architecture; • Contemporary Approach to Preservation of Building Heritage; • What we can learn from World Heritage Sites Management?

Participants who developed projects in Istanbul were selected in collaboration with the authority of theMetropolitan Municipality of Istanbul or for their own countries in collaboration with their municipalities. During the Summer Course a book titled “Islamic Urban Heritage, Research, Preservation and Management, summer 2011, Istanbul” was also published by Al-Turath and IRCICA (Al-turath-IRCICA booklet (Arabic); Islamic Urban Heritage,2011.

The Second Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritagebetween Al-Turath and IRCIA was held in the summer of 2012 between,June 20th to July 17th in IstanbulCentre City Istanbul. The title of program was “Research, Preservation and Management”.

Heritage, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Kadirhas University, Istanbul , Kultur University, Istanbul Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Sehir University, Istanbul, Bilecik University, Bilecik, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Uludag University, Bursa-Bimtas, Istanbul and Conservation and Restoration Firms Association for Islamic Urban Heritage

The program was comprised of two main sections including the historic conservation practice and the case study field trips. 1. Practical issues on historical preservation – The section involved workshops and lectures given on the site or at the School venue by internationally recognized professors and leading experts of the field, focusing on architectural restoration and urban conservation practices. 2. Practical case studies field trips – This section involved visits to ongoing project sites in Istanbul inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985 ). The case study field trips included visits to important urban heritage sites in Turkey where seminars took place along with the site visits. The seminars was concerned with the sharing of local preservation practice and experiences, which were complemented with case studies on the site. During the Summer Course a book titled “Islamic Urban Heritage, Research, Preservation and Management, summer 2011, Istanbul” was also published by Al-Turath and IRCICA (Islamic Urban Heritage, 2012).

The Third Spring School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in the spring of 2013, between March 21st to 29th in Jeddah, KSA. The title of the program was “Preservation of Historic monuments” A case study for the Historical city of Jeddah.

The program was heldin Collaboration with Historic Jeddah Municipality and the National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH) Saudi Arabia.The program was to introduce the project, al-Turath was engaged, within Jeddah as consultant authority to the trainees. This was part of Al-Turath goals of joining practice with the academic, since the program was directed to students and professionals.

The program was comprised of two components of the historic preservation practice to be developed as the case study. The first component was set of 7lectures given on the site and at the school venues by internationally recognized professors and leading experts of the field focusing on architectural restoration and urban conservation practices.

The second component was a field work comprising survey, analyses, evaluation and proposal for 20 distinct buildings of different characters, located in the same neighbourhood of the Historical city of Jeddah,Al Balad Touristic Routs within the Al-Balad district. With the presence of HRH Prince Sultan bin Salman, Prof. Dr. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, director of OIC, Dr. Halit Eren, the general director of IRCICA, made a speech.

The Fourth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICAwas held in the summer of 2013, Centre Citiesin Turkey, Greece and Bulgaria. The title of the program was “Architectural preservation in Turkey”.

The program was held in collaboration with Al-Turath Foundation, IRCICA and National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH) Saudi Arabia,and was sponsored by Government of Edirne, Al-Turath, KSA, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, King Saud University, Riyadh, Politecnico Di Bari, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, University of Sarajevo, Istanbul University, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul– Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, Istanbul, Kadirhas University, Istanbul , Kultur University, Istanbul Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Sehir University, Istanbul Bilecik University, Bilecik, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Trakya University Edirne and Conservation and Restoration Firms Association for Islamic Urban Heritage .

The program was comprised of two main sections including the historic conservation practice and the casestudy field trips:

2. Practical case studies field trips – The case study field trips included visits to important urbanheritage sites in Turkey, Greece and Bulgaria where seminars were held along with the sitevisits. The seminars were concerned with the sharing of local preservation practices andexperiences, which was complemented with case studies on the sites.

The Fifth Spring School for Islamic Urban Heritagebetween Al-Turath and IRCICAwas held in spring of 2014 between March 22nd to 29th, at Diriyyah, Al-Ghat and Ushaiger, located in the central region of KSA. The title of the program was “Historic preservation and the case study field work”.

The program was held in collaboration with the National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH) Saudi Arabia.

The program comprised of two main sections including the lectures on historic preservation and the case study field work: 1. Lectures on historical preservation – The section was set of lectures and a panel, given by internationally recognized professors and leading experts in the field of history, architectural restoration and urban conservation practices. 2. Practical case studies field work –The case study field work included visits to the urban heritage sites of Diriyah, Al-Ghat and Ushaiger and field work comprising survey, analyses, evaluation and proposal for selected single isolated building or sites. HRH prince Sultan bin Salman met with the trainees and highlighted the essence of the training programs.

The Sixth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al- Turath and IRCICA was held in summer of 2014, between 5th and 26th August, in Balkans(City Centres of Macedonia, Albania Montenegro and Croatia) and the title of the program was “Preserving Historic Urban Landscape”.

Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Istanbul University, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul , Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, Istanbul, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro, American College University, Skopje, Macedonia The training covered Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina .

The program was comprised of four main sections: practice and theory of the Historic preservation of historic urban landscape, conservation practice and case studies field trips, Visiting Heritage Sites and Reviews Panels: The major goal of the program was to share the experience Al-Turath practice in historical Jeddah with the academic. Students practiced on site the stages of this experience.

1. Practice and theory of Historic preservation

The panels focussed on preservation of historic urban landscape and the history, theory and practice of historic preservation in different region of the Balkans. Also, the group was introduced by the national and international approaches to the research, preservation and management of urban heritage by the presentation of local, national and international cases and discussion of experiences. Lectures on preservation work were given by international lecturers and national experts, along with visits to various sites with significant restorations.

2. Practical issues and cases:

• Practical issues on historical preservation – The section involved lectures given on site or at the facilities by internationally recognized professors and leading experts in the fields of history, architectural restoration and urban conservation practices.

• Practical case studies field trips – The case study field trips included visits to important urban heritage sites where seminars was to be held along with the site visits. The seminars focussed on the sharing of local preservation practices and experiences, which was complemented with case studies on the site.

3. Visiting Heritage Sites in the Balkans

The trip started in Skopje, Macedonia and followed the visit of key historical cities and the sites in Kosovo, returned back to Macedonia, then Albania, Montenegro, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.The heritage sites, that was the main attractions, was visited, and seminars were held and organized with the participation of national and international experts as well as the representatives of local authorities. These seminars focussed on the safeguarding and management of the sites and the promotion of sustainable development.

4. Workshop

The workshop, organized in Mostar, was followed on the tradition of the Mostar 2004 program (1994-2014). The participants worked in groups of 4-5 persons each on different topics during five sessions of the workshop, and presented their works at the final session.

This section included four-day presentation and discussion focusing on the main themes covered in the Program in Mostar between August 17 and 21, 2014.

The Seventh Spring School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in, spring of 2015, between, March 21st to 27th in the Historic city of Jeddah, KSA. The title of the program was “The Case Study for the Historical city of Jeddah”.

The program was held in collaboration with National Built Heritage at (SCTH)Saudi Arabia,Centre at team of Schiattarell Aassociat from Rome and Historic Jeddah Municipality. The program was comprised of four sections:

Section 1 Survey Methodology of Historic Buildings from External and Internal part and Database.

Three types of Survey methodology was discussed with examples as following. It included latest innovation in Survey methodology.

i. Traditional survey method with technical amenities which included survey with hand devices, total station etc.;

ii. Survey with iPad application; iii. Thermal (Infrared) imaging survey; iv. Laser survey; v. Database preparations methodology.

Section 2

Conservation methodology of Historic Coastal architectureCase study: i. Beit Zenal ii. Bab al Bunt (future Hajj museum), iii. Ain al-Qausiya

This included the architectural, structural and other general problems of the buildings, consisting of the diagnostic study and conservation process. The problems also included building foundation, walls, plaster, facades, cracks, inner paths, beams, roof, stairs, ceiling, decorative problems, wooden link, mashrabiyas (bay windows), beams, solution for the moisture control and salt extraction from the walls and ceiling. Also included was electrical and mechanical problems in the buildings.

Also, types and ratio of cementing materials (Hydraulic lime, sand, brick powder etc.) in mortars and plaster, suitable for different types of coral buildings was also discussed. The discussions also included test methods for old buildings and building materials.

Section 3 Buildup of Database for the Historical monuments

It included all kinds of building data including manual and Laser photography, manual and laser survey of buildings from outer and inner sides and data from other sources and was converted into Arc GIS program.

Section 4

Manual for Restoration and rehabilitation i. Restoration Manual is a compilation of different technical process for the restoration of buildings which included static and preservation problems and its solution in a most technical manner;

ii. Rehabilitation of buildings.

The desired level of structural performance for the historical buildings was typically very high and it was not limited only to the crack size and other visible damages or unpleasant large deformation features in buildings. During these lectures different methodology with different possible techniques for the rehabilitation of historical buildings was discussed including seismic risk.

The Eighth summer school for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in summer of 2015 from July 26th to 16th August in Bosnia and Herzegovina(City Centres Mostar, Bosnia & Herzegovina) and title of the program was “Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”.

In collaboration with the University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH)Saudi Arabia, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, Istanbul, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro.

It was designed to complement the studies of advanced students as well as young educators and professionals with lectures given by key international experts. Also, participants had opportunity to visit important site from the UNESCO World Heritage List in the region.

1. Historic Reconstruction: 1.1. Atik Mosque in Mostar (1474); 1.2. Aladza Mosque in Foca (1555).

2. Preservation Plan of the Historic Sites: 2.1. Old Town Blagaj, 10 km from Mostar; 2.2. Old Town Pocitelj, 30 km from Mostar.

3. Design in Historic Context of Mostar:

Four actual projects in the property were listed on the world heritage list of UNESCO

3.1. Sport and recreation center at the meeting point of rivers Neretva and Radobolja; 3.2. Historic bazaar Mala Tepain the Main Bazaar Mostar; 3.3. Girls High school (1903)–historic reconstruction and new touristic function; 3.4. Hotel “Ruza” –construction of a contemporary building in historic context;

The Ninth Spring School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in spring of 2016, between 12th to 19th March, in Makah and Jeddah and the title of the program was “The Case Study for the Historical palaces in Makah and Historic city of Jeddah”.

The program was held in collaboration with Al-Turath Foundation and IRCICA, the Historic Jeddah Municipality, the National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH) Saudi Arabia and Dubai Quality solution.

First part of the program included the following components:

collectionU of historical data; • survey of the building using traditional and computer-laser technology (traditional survey method with technical amenities which include survey with hand devices, total station and laser scanning survey and photography. • analyses of buildings' state: construction (foundation, external and internal bearing walls, wall plaster, beams, joist and all the internal details), used materials included all types of doors, windows, mashrabiyas, rawashin and even (Timber ties) Arbta -hkhasbiyah, connecting wooden line, which are placed generally in between the coral stone courses on the walls, level of deterioration pathologies and causes of deterioration etc.; and • to diagnose the specific problems of the building for the conservation purpose.

Second part of the process includes following components:

• restitute original state of the buildings, and finally; • prepare conceptual design for rehabilitation and reuse of buildings.

The Tenth summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al- Turath and IRCICA was held in the summer of 2016 from 16th to 30th July in (Assilah, Rabat, Fes, Meknes, Marrakesh and Casablanca city centre) (MOROCCO). The title of the program was “Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”.

The program was in collaboration with Assilah Forum Foundation, Undacao Calousten Gulbenkian,Arabic Industrial Development and Mining Organization (AIDMO), Rabat, Morocco and National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH) Saudi Arabia, The program was divided into three parts- The First part: included a week-long workshop on the city walls and urban fabrics in Assilah between 17th and 23rd July, 2016. It was held in the collaboration of Assilah Forum Foundation.

The workshop aimswereto apply key principles in rehabilitation, following good practices of conservation, by recognizing the existing elements with materials and current techniques and those of recovery, using the same methods and the same materials as those used during the original construction. Besides the necessary interventions on the walls, the workshop also focused on a backup area of the walls around their perimeters, and existing urban structures.

These interventions had prevented degradation and ensured reconstruction based on cultural legitimacy and the moral imperative to defend the values of a significant heritage of national and international interest. Also, these activities launched an awareness campaign among Assilah people, especially to those who lived in the medina, on the imperative preserving the historical heritage. Involving participants of the workshop in the works in the former fortification of Assilah provided advanced training in the field of conservation education and rehabilitation of the historic heritage. It was an initial phase to set up the international research center for the conservation of the historical and cultural heritage.

The Workshop focused on the restoration of Assilah city walls, including: o research of historic data; o survey focusing on key elements and a state of conservation; o restitution of original stage and phases; o structural and architectural restoration; o Integration of walls with urban structures.

Second part included: a short workshop to introduce works with traditional material for handicrafts (stone, mud, wood, glass and textile) in Rabat, in the collaboration with the Arab Industrial and Mining Organization and the Academy of Traditional Arts and was held from July 24th -26th, 2016. o The goal of the training was the use of local materials and types production of handicrafts in building heritage preservation; o Use of technology and standards in treating raw materials for handicrafts; o Practical examples of the use of local material (stone, mud, wood, glass and textile); o The promotion of handicrafts.

Third part of this program was,a study trip visiting World Heritage sites in the cities of Morocco including Fes, Meknes, Marrakesh and Casablanca, from July 27th to 30th, 2016.

The Eleventh Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al- Turath and IRCICA was held in summer of 2017 between 31st March and 8th April, in the Historic city of Jeddah. The title of the program was “A preliminary Study of the Historic Mosque in Jeddah”.

The Program was held in Collaboration with Historic Jeddah Municipality, National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH), Saudi Arabia and Centre for Conservation and preservation of Islamic Architectural Heritage (SIAH) of Prof. Saleh Lamei.

First part of this program included the following components:

• Collection of historical data; • Survey of the Mosques using traditional and computer-laser technology(traditional survey method with technical amenities, which included survey with hand devices, total station and laser scanning survey and photography); • Prof. Saleh Lamei gave one daylecture on the theories of preservation, practice and samples of his project.

• Analyses of buildings' state: construction (foundation, external and internal bearing walls, wall plaster, beams, joist and all the internal details), used materials included all types of doors, windows and even connecting wooden Beams (Timber ties), which are placed generally in between the coral stone courses for walls, level of deterioration pathologies and causes of deterioration etc.; and • To diagnose the specific problem of a building for the conservation purpose

Second part of the program included the following components:

• To restitute original state of the Mosques and; • To prepare conceptual design for rehabilitation of the Mosques;

HRH Prince Sultan bin Salman attended the closing ceremony and highlighted the importance of such training. HRH emphasize job opportunities in SCTH and other governmental agencies for the young graduates.

The Twelfth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCCA was held in the summer of 2017, from August 14th to 25th in the Central Asian country of Uzbekistan (Centre Cities of Samarkand, Tashkent and Bukhara). The title of the program was“Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”.

The program was held in collaboration with National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH) Saudi Arabia, Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering.

The Islamic Urban Heritage – Research, Preservation and Management School focused on the implementation components: work was integrated with restoration works on construction site.

Technical practice on site, and design of preservation and urban development Projects, particularly in Samarkand. o Research, analysis and documentation of urban heritage sites and buildings. o Management, planning and evaluation of the economic and social impact of urban heritage and its conservation, preservation and provision of appropriate financial solutions as a part of Preservation of the Historic Urban Landscape as it is practiced in Uzbekistan cultural heritage centers.

The program wascarriedout in three major cities in Uzbekistan-Samarkand, Bukharaand Tashkent. In each city, the main heritage buildings were particularly explored which are in the world heritage sites. In addition to meeting the decision makers for urban heritage preservation to share their experience in heritage preservation. Also on site, practical observation in the restoration of adobe walls, stone and wooden columns and roof.

Site visits in each city and introductory lectures.

- Introduction of the program by Prof. O. Gohary, Prof. M. Ahmedov, - Lecture by Professor Muhammad Ahmedov: - Modern Architecture of Uzbekistan

- Visit of Key monuments in Tashkent:

. Ancient settlement of Ming Urik (1st c. AD) . Abulkasym Madrassah (1850) . Architectural Complex Zengi-Ata (14-20th c.) . Barrack-Khan Madrassah (16th c.) . Ensemble Khazret Imam (16th c.) . Mosque Jami (15-19th c.) . Mosque Zengi-Ata (1870) . Madrassah Kukeldash (16th c.)

. Madrassah Zengi-Ata (19th c.) . Telyashayakh Mosque (19th c.)

Visit to Key Monuments in Bukhara:

. Ark fortress (11th- 20thcc.) . Bolo-Hauz ensemble (early 18th- 20thcc.) . Balyand Mosque - (early 16thc.) . Chasma-Ayub Mazar (1380 or 1385) . Chor-Minor Madrassah (1807) . Gaukushon ensemble (Mosque, Minaret, Madrassah) (16thc.)

- Presentation of the Bukhara Master and Management Plan

. Khanaka Faizabad (1598-99) . Kalyan Minaret (1127) . Kalyan Mosque (early 16thc.) . Kukeldash Madrassah (1568-69) . Lyabi-Hauz ensemble (1620) . Mausoleum of the Samanids (the 9th-1Othcc.) >>> . Mausoleum of Saifetdin Boharziy (late 13th-14thcc.) . Mausoleum of Buyan Kulikhan (late 14thc., 15th or 16thc.) . Miri-Arab Madrassah (16thc.) . Necropolis of Sheikh Bahaaddin Naqshband (16thc.) . Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace (late 19th c. - early 20th cc.) . Poi-Kalyan ensemble (12th-14thcc.) . The out-of-town Mosque Namazgoh (12th- 16thcc.) . Toki-Zargaron, Toki-Sarrafon, Toki-Tilpak-Furushon - shopping mall (15th- 16thcc.) . Ulugbek Madrassah(1417)

Visit to Key Monuments in Samarkand

Visit to State Inspection Office and discussion on Samarkand master plan with architect Maysara Rega and.

• The Registan, consists of three separate buildings:

o Madrasa of Ulugh Beg (1417–1420) o Sher-Dor Madrasah (Lions Gate) (1619–1635/36). o Tilla-Kori Madrasah (1647–1659/60).

• Bibi-Khanym Mosque

• Gur-e Amir Mausoleum (1404) • Observatory of Ulugh Beg (1428–1429) • Shah-i-Zinda necropolis • Historical site of Afrasiyab (7th century BC – 13th century) • Siyob Bazaar

Memorial Complex Imam Al-Bukhari -12km from city

6. Award of Prince Sultan bin Salman for Urban Heritage

His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, the founder and president of Al-TurathCharitable Foundation, established a national Award for Architectural Heritage, aiming at encouraging its maintenance, and the consolidation of awareness of its importance, confirming what characterizes the Architectural Heritage of the Kingdom in the framework of the Arab Islamic Architectural Heritage, stimulating creativity in the areas of urban heritage care, and highlighting the modern urban models with dimensions of heritage.

Riyadh has been chosen to be the headquarters for the Award, which was announced at the ninth annual meeting of the Saudi Society for Science of Urbanism, which was held on 23 Muharram 1420 AH (May 6, 1999 AD) in Riyadh under the patronage of His Royal Highness Prince Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz – the prince of Riyadh, May Allah protect him. The Award was named: «Prince Sultan Bin Salman Award for Architectural Heritage». Objectives of Award:Prince Sultan bin Salman Award for Urban Heritage seeks to create a mix of community awareness of the importance of the preservation of

44 urban heritage, and to encourage addressing it as a starting point for a better quality future urbanization. This goal stems from the inherent fundamentals of ongoing urbanization of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The award is awarded locally or internationally with in GCC, Gulf Cooperative Council.

Stimulating the interest in urban heritage: This came through the confirmation that heritage is an extension and a base for the future development, and that the architectural heritage is a general term which includes Urbanism in all its aspects, including orientations and its contemporary schools. The Award is allocated to construction associated with contemporary urban heritage. Branches of the Awards The Award is granted to outstanding professional projects in the field of architectural heritage in Saudi Arabia, whether they are architectural or planning projects or in other urban areas. The professionals Award is granted in the following branches:

First: Lifetime Achievement Award: It is granted to those who provide great works to preserve the architectural heritage. Also, it can be granted to persons, institutions or companies.

Second: The historic mosques Care Award: It is granted to outstanding projects in the restoration of the mosque, which was able to complete the restoration process professionally and maintained a high architectural and cultural value of the mosques restored, with the use of local materials in the restoration process within the requirements of international conventions.

Third: Award of Preserving the Architectural Heritage: It is granted for the projects of rehabilitating urban areas, or heritage or archaeological buildings or to maintain them, or to projects of re-using archaeological areas or buildings in a confirming continuity and usefulness, that reflect the technical dimension and industrial distinct in restoration.

Fourth: The Award of Architectural Heritage Project: It is granted for new projects that reflect success in inspiring architectural heritage really and effectively. The project could be architecturally or planning, or in one of

45 the other urban areas, such as urban design, sites format, interior design, or the use of environmental materials. Fifth: Award for Human Dimension or Humanity:

It is granted for projects that take into account the human being and requirements of care, and is awarded to institutions, government agencies or companies.

Sixth: Award of Heritage Economic Project:

It is granted for projects that take into account the investment in heritage, and the project could be, architectural or in planning or in one of the other urban areas, such as urban design, sites format, interior design, or the use of environmental materials.

Seventh: Award of Architectural Heritage Research Award: It is granted for research involved in studying the architectural heritage and its foundations, traditional patterns and projects of urban documentation. It is also granted for research concerned with the development of local materials, and adaptation of modern technologies to serve the architectural heritage and its development.

Award of Students of Architecture and Planning Colleges: The Award is granted to the projects of students of faculties of architecture and distinguished planning in the field of architectural heritage in Saudi Arabia, whether they are architectural or planning projects in one or other urban areas. It was granted in the following branches:

First: Award of preserving the architectural heritage: It is granted for the projects of rehabilitating urban areas, heritage or archaeological buildings, maintaining them, projects of re-using areas or heritage or archaeological buildings in confirming their continuity and usefulness, that reflect the technical dimension and artificial distinct in restoration.

Second: The Architectural Heritage Project Award: It is granted for new projects that show success in the inspiring the architectural heritage really and effectively.

Third: Award of Architectural Heritage Education Program:

It is granted for programs for the faculties of Architecture and Planning, which take full care of architectural heritage in the architectural and urban education.

Fourth: The Architectural Heritage Research Award: It is granted for research involved studying the architectural heritage and its foundation, traditional patterns, and documentation of urban projects. 8. Signing the Draft of Designing Heritage House Project His Royal Highness Prince Salman bin Sultan bin Salman bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud - Vice president of Al-Turath Foundation- signed a draft of designing “ Beit al – Turath” Al-Turath House, which related to the Foundation, located in the Diplomatic Quarter in Riyadh, with a Spanish company.

C. Development of City Centers and towns Under His Royal Highness directions Al-Turath Charitable Foundationis actively engaged in the conservation, restoration and rehabilitation of many historic Centers and towns in Saudi Arabia. These are as following:

1. Al-Ahasa Oasis and Historic Center: Al-Ahasa is a very famous historic town of Saudi Arabialocated in the eastern coast of the kingdom. The settlement of this region dates back to the Neolithic period. Since ancient times it is famous for its palm gardens, underground canals, springs, wells, drainage lakes and for its archaeological sites and historic buildings. The most famous historic buildings of this region are Qsr Khuzam, Qasr Sahood, Jwatha archaeological sites, Al-Ayun village, Suq al-Qaysarriya, Al-Amariya (First school at al-Hafar), Al-Kout village, Al-Nakhla (palm resorts) and many historic mosques including Jawatha Mosque, Al-Uqair mosque,Al-Hasan mosque in al- Batalia and Al-Jabri mosque. Under HRH directives, Al-TurathCharitable Foundation has completed the restoration and rehabilitation work of many mosque, palaces and school in Al- Ahasa. It includes Al-Hasan mosque in Batalia, Jawatha mosque, Al-Tuhaimeh southern mosque and Al-Tuhaimeh eastern mosque, restoration of Al-Amirya school, rehabilitation of Al-Kout and Bayut al-Biya in 1912 and Al-Nakhla

(Nakhla palm resorts) in 2015. The most important restored mosques are as following:

Mosques of Al-Tuhaimeh The study conducted by the Foundation for the first and second mosques of Al- Tuhaimeh revealed the need of technical treatments for a range of defects that distort their external shape, and threaten the sustainability of their building.In light of this, the foundation has conducted a series of processing operations that have achieved the goal of restoration and rehabilitation process, and contributed in the end to preserve the original shape of the two mosques. Al-Jabri Mosque This mosque is located in the north side of Al-Kout district in the city of Hofuf. It was built by Sayf al-Din Bin Hussein Al-Jabri in 880 AH (1475 AD).The mosque still retains its old character. It is roofed with a number of domes, and has a spacious courtyard in the middle, surrounded by arcades on all four sides. Works of restoration and rehabilitation carried out by the Foundation for the mosque included all the aspects till it returned to its former form. Jawatha Mosque Jawatha Mosque is one of the most prominent features of this city. It was built in 840 AH (1436 AD). It was reported that this mosque was restored in 1210 AH (1750 AD). It consists of the mosques from the remnants of decades that form a gallery and surrounded by a bench built of brick and cement, and an outdoor courtyard of the mosque, surrounded by high fence which contributed to the preservation of the upper parts of the mosque over the past centuries. Some other buildings in Al Hasa were mentioned earlier under Al-Turath Charitable

Foundation projectsPrince Sultan Bin Salman Urban Heritage award has awarded students as well as professional’s projects that play an important role in the development of the center city of Al-Ahasa. Award for city center urban development included Suq Qaisariyah, castle, bayut Al-biyh and Amariya school as well as some other student’s projects that promoted tourism in the area. Historic photographs and Films Beside this, Al-Turath also has produced Documentary Film on Al-Ahasa “Heroes of Heritage” who playes important role in preserving Al Hasa Heritage. Due to all these projects completed under the directives of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud Al-Ahasa Oasiswas listed as world heritage site by UNESCO in 2018.

2.The Restoration work at historic Jeddah The historic city of Jeddah is located on the western coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on the Red Sea. The city of Jeddah is an outstanding reflection of a flourishing city and famous for its sea trading and as a gateway to Makkah for the Hajj pilgrimage. Jeddah coral houses with wooden projectile windows called ‘mashrubiyas’ are very famous. The large multistoried houses with absence of courtyard, decorated wooden facades and decorated wooden doors are the typical characteristic of these houses. Under the direction of His Royal Highness Al-Turath Charitable Foundation carried out a project awarded by the Jeddah Municipal Corporation for Historic Jeddah. The work included i. The survey work of the entire buildings of historic Jeddah. The entire survey work was conducted manually and by digital methodology. ii. Digital survey of pilgrims Trail routes in the historic city of Jeddah iii. Manual and digital photography of the entire architectural building. iv. Documentation of entire building and to preparearchitectural data. Under this programmore than 600 buildings were documented that included mosques, large houses, rebat, Ayun and schools. v. Diagnostic study of selected coral buildings for the restoration work vi. To prepare a manual for the restoration of historic monuments.

49 vii. Preparation of Database for entire buildings of Historic Jeddah. viii. Development of Hajj Museum at Bab al Bunt (the old Hajj terminal). Bayat Naseef, Beit al Balad, Open Museum and Abraq Al Raghama museum. It was a very lengthy project which took almost three and half years and was completed successfully. This project was very important for the development of the city of historic Jeddah. Beside this Al-Turath Charitable Foundation has studied and restored two most important old mosques namely Shafei mosque and Al-Me`mar mosques located at the historic area of Jeddah with a generous support of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz Al-Saud (may Allah protect him) and the work is currently conducted at the Mosque of Al-Hanafi, also located at the historical area of Jeddah with a generous support of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz (may Allah save him). Al- Shafi'i Mosque Al- Shafi'i Mosque is one of the oldest historical mosques and the well- known in Jeddah. It is located in the center of the historic district in the combined market of Al-Mazloom corner. It is called (the old mosque), as stated in the book of «Weapon and Gunning in the history of Jeddah» written by Ibn Faraj Ahmed Bin Mohammed. Al-Me`mar mosque Al-Me`mar mosque occupies an important place among the oldest and the most famous mosques in the province of Jeddah. It is located in the Upper Street, west of Al-Mazloom corner. It was built by Mustafa Pasha in 1284 AH (1868 AD), and has private endowments. Al-Turath Charitable Foundation renovated the mosque with the support of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah Bin Abdul-Aziz, may Allah protect him. Due to all these projects completed under directives of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud Jeddah Historic city center was listed as world heritage site by UNESCO in 2014.

3. Development of Wadi Hanifa and Historic Dir'iyyah

Once, HRH Prince Sultan bin Salman proposed that Wadi Hanifa be declared a national environmental reserve. Wadi Hanifa is considered as one of the most natural milestone in Riyadh. There are many effort to preserve and prevent environmental deterioration and to utilize its resources and to develop renewable resources in order to be one of the main environmental and touristic resources for development in Riyadh. There are boundaries of farms around the valley which may be considered as urban element which looks like the valley façade but the boundaries of farms need development because there is no connectivity between them. The development of Wadi Hanifa and Historic Dir'iyyahwas initiated by the first later written to the Mayor of Dir'iyyah Municipality by HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman where he mentioned about the important and needs for its development. He suggested to His Excellency, the Mayor of Dir'iyyah to take precautions in order to achieve it targets. HRH also mentioned in his letter that ADA (Ar-Riyadh Development Authority) has issued a manual for wall designing in the valley but it needs to be viewed its practical procedure for applying.

The Project for the Development of Historical Dir'iyyah, aims to turn it into a cultural and touristic center at the national level, according to its historical, cultural, architectural and environmental characteristics. It requires the restoration of archaeological sites and historic facilities in Dir'iyyah, which was the cradle of the start of the first and second Saudi state and its rehabilitation, and the establishment of cultural heritage institutions, and adding necessary services for the launch of the touristic, cultural and spiritual activity in the city. The Wadi Hanifa Project was awarded the Aga Khan Award in 2010, as one of the most important environmental rehabilitation projects that has been completed in the region and the world. It also reflects the depth of the local heritage and the possibility of using heritage and classical architecture of the region in contemporary projects that return to the city its identity and renewal. A monument to historical buildings or a tale of history but beyond that to express the historical roots of this entity through the consolidation of the concept of citizenship and belonging, as well as confirmation of the concept of identity and education or we call it heritage and historical education so that we can make a generation linked to his homeland. In this context, Al-Dir'iyyah Development Project proposed a number of vital projects, including developmental projects, cultural, heritage and

51 environmental programs, economic and recreational activities, as well as a program for the study of architecture and mud building. The development of the Dir'iyyah has focused on a number of characteristics that can contribute to the formation of the identity of this important city, such as its embrace of the archaeological area in Atturaif district, which contains the Palace of Government and the first Saudi state institutions. It is located on the Hanifa Valley. The palm farms are characterized by a topography. The basic phase of the project covers both of archaeological districts of Atturaif and Al-Bujairy, in addition to streets, infrastructure, and parking lots, and the networks of public utilities and services. The project includes restoring the urban structures to its state before being degraded and disappearing in preparation for retaining it within the traditional, cultural and appropriate activities to make it an architectural landmark in an open museum. This came after the completion of the restoration and development works according to scientific standards followed in the restoration of archaeological structures approved by the UNESCO. Under the directives of His Royal Highness Al-Turath Charitable Foundation contributed to this great project through assigning work necessary for consolidation of the buildings and the restoration work of five palaces and one mosque in Atturaif district. The work included the survey and architectural documentation of the Salwa palace and the works of strengthening the architectural elements prone to collapse along with the work of removing the rubble and storing the large stone artifacts at Salwa Palace and the restoration work of five palaces and a mosque.

Al-Turath Charitable Foundation also restored three historic mosque in the vicinity of Atturaif and Dir'iyyah.

Zawihra Mosque: Zawihra mosque is one of the oldest mosques in the province of Dir'iyyah, and one of its historic landmarks. The technical inspection of the mosque conducted by Al- Turath Charitable Foundation has shown its need for restoration and rehabilitation according to the scientific method specialized for the archaeological structures.Al- Turath Charitable Foundation holds the work of its restoration and rehabilitation financed by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan bin Salman.

Al-Seriah mosque at Dir`iyyah Al- Seriha Mosque in Dir'iyyah was also restored by Al-Turath Charitable Foundation through the donation of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman. Al- Dawasir Mosque Al- Dawasir Mosque in the valley of Dir'iyyahwas enlarged and rebuilt using the original palms of the old mosque through funds by HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman. Under the directives of HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud Al-Dir'iyyah was listed by the UNESCO in 2010 as one of the world historical site.

D. Al-Turath Foundation and its Collaboration with IRCICA

Title:Al-Turath Foundation and its Collaboration with IRCICA Author’s name: Osamah Mohammed Noor El Gohari (Dr.) Affiliation: Director General, Al-Turath Philanthropy Foundation, Riyadh, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Corresponding author’s email address: [email protected]

LinkU with IRCICAU

LinkU with Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage DatabaseU

AllU Spring and Summer School ProgramU Al-Turath Foundation and its Collaboration with IRCICA

Abstract Al-Turath is a non-profit Foundation established by HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud in 1996 AD/ 1417H, for reviving and preserving all aspects of the traditional heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the activities of which include a number of projects related to the preservation of the urban

53 heritage of the Kingdom in particular and of the Arab and Islamic heritage in General. Its main goal is to protect and promote the rich architectural heritage in the Arab region and specially in Saudi Arabia and broaden access, appreciation and understanding of its past through a series of cultural programs including training courses in the field of management and conservation of architectural heritage for the professionals and students, by organizing lectures and exhibitions for the cultural awareness and publishing books related to the Arab and Islamic heritage. Al-Turath also have a section for archival photographs focusing on the Kingdom and the Arab world past and present. The Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) is our main cultural and working partners with whom we have a profound understanding and cultural relations to achieve a common objective to preserve and to promote our Islamic cultural heritage. We have also developed a very cordial relations with a number of academic institutions and have the Memorandum of Understanding with different institutions in the Arab world and in many European countries.

KeyU words:U philanthropy, national heritage, archives, documentations, Database, dossiers, coastal architecture, historic preservation.

Introduction

AL-Turath Foundation is a special entity founded by His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul -Aziz Al-Saud in 1417 H (1996 AD) in Riyadh, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Twelve years later, in 2008 AD / 1429 H, it was restructured into a Philanthropy foundation and was registered at the Ministry of Social Affairs, KSA, under Resolution No. (63).

Its vision is very farsighted which include the preservation and care of national heritage, both intellectually and physically, as being element central to the culture, whose pride is driven from the past and which seeks to contribute to a civilized and confident launch of the future.

Its mission is to promote awareness of national, Arabic and Islamic heritage; to develop national heritage to become a part of human life, and to develop into a source of pride in the national identity and cultural civilization through the Following programs:

- Archiving, documentation and restoration of Mosques and preserving their urban character through the “National Program for Maintaining the Historical Mosques. - Documenting the national memory through the National Archives of Historical Photographs. - Spreading the heritage culture through the Foundation’s programs and its periodic publications. - Promoting heritage in education curricula through scientific institutions and training forums within and outside the Kingdom. - Holding forums, seminars, exhibitions and lectures during Al-Turath annual forum to spread the knowledge and participation of the society in all matters related to heritage. - Opening horizons of cooperation and partnership with the institutions and entities related to the heritage inside and outside the Kingdom. - Supporting institutions and entities that are related to heritage, and to cooperate with them in contributing to maintaining heritage. - Stimulating society to care for its heritage through heritage initiatives in order to spread knowledge and raise awareness of heritage and move to preserve it. - Encouraging students and professionals for the preservation of urban heritage through the Prince Sultan Bin Salman Award for urban heritage (Al-Turath -18, 1436 (Arabic); Al-Turath- 19 in Arabic; El-Gohari, 2017).

Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) Istanbul, the cultural subsidiary of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation,was established to undertake activities relating to research, publishing, organizing of conferences, award competitions, exhibitions, maintenance of archives and documentation, training and conservation relating to the cultures, history, arts and sciences and cultural developments and to reinforce international cooperation between countries and institutions in contribution to cultural development and solidarity. These activities address an infinite range of topics concerning the Islamic civilization and Muslim cultures including history, history of science, archaeology, architecture and

55 urbanism, fine arts and handicrafts, preservation of heritage, cultural tourism, cultural development and inter-cultural dialogue (IRCICA Activities -2016).

The Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA), a subsidiary of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) maintains a database relating to the Islamic sites and monuments which constitute the architectural heritage of the Muslim world.

Under the memorandum of cooperation AL-Turath Foundation entered into a collaboration agreement with the Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) related to the Organization of the Islamic Conference, for joint work in the areas of Islamic heritage, on 13th Rabei` awal ,1428 AH (1st, April 2007 AD), in Nakheel Al- Udhaibat of Riyadh . The agreement aimed at working together to increase the interest of the Islamic heritage through defining it, and the ways of its maintenance through multiple means. The agreement was signed in the presence of His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz, founder of Al-Turath Philanthropy Foundation and HE Dr. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu - Secretary General of Islamic Conference Organization. It was signed by Dr. Zahir Abdul Rahman Othman - Secretary General of Al-Turath Foundation and Dr. Halit Eren – General Director on behalf of the research center for Islamic history, Art and culture (IRCICA) (Fig.1). The first fruits of this agreement was the establishment of a data base on the Islamic architectural heritage. His Royal Highness Prince Sultan Bin Salman Bin Abdul- Aziz is bearing the costs of its inception, in order to contribute to restore the living memory of the Islamic urban heritage and working to preserve it. This database will include about 100 thousand archaeological sites and historic landmarks in the Islamic countries on the internet (www.ircica.org) and will be available for those interested in the Islamic architectural heritage. Under the MOU between the two organizations, al- Turath, and IRCICA, it was decidedthat “both shall establish cooperation with each other through jointly defined programs.This cooperation shall cover all areas and subjects relating to the safeguarding of the cultural heritage in all its forms – the tangible cultural heritage and the intangible cultural heritage - cultural policies, international cooperation, scholarly research, organization of exhibitions, printed and audio- visual information and documentation and training that are within the scope of the mandate and activities of the two organizations. Both will also exchange information,

56 documents, reports and publications on matters of common awareness and interest which may be of use to each other” (MOU, 2007) . Announcement of Prince Sultan Bin Salman Foundation for Islamic Urban Heritage (IRCICA) Istanbul:

Under the memorandum of cooperation between Al-Turath Foundation and IRCICA in 2007, the project of the Islamic Architectural Heritage Database was established in IRCICA, Istanbul, to make the urban heritage in the Islamic world available to the researcher, the intellectual and the student of science all over the globe. This major initiative was made possible through the generous sponsorship of HRH Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Ibn Abdulaziz, Secretary General, and Supreme Commission for Tourism, and Founder-President of Al-Turath Foundation, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The program to establish a database was included in the work plans of IRCICA, starting from 2006 and commended by the Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers and the Islamic Conference of Tourism Ministers in their various sessions. The name of the Data Base is “Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage Database” and the name of the program would continue to stay indefinitely.

The database program aimed to register the Islamic archaeological and architectural heritage assets around the world, depict them by recording comprehensive information on their history and present state, their environment, physical plan and features, past and present functions, restorations done and to contribute to their preservation, development and promotion worldwide. The database has to include all sorts of information, in a way to meet the needs of all research disciplines and sectors of activity – archaeology, architecture, tourism, etc. Establishment and maintenance of the database has to be regularly updated and its focal points would be designated by each country, to provide necessary information on their sites and monuments to IRCICA through an interactive on-line process (Prince Sultan Ibn Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage Database booklet) (Fig.2).

Database current situation:

The "Data Base" is treated as set of digital information on the Internet Web which

57 would include detail information about up to 100, 000 Islamic Architectural Heritage /Monuments to be entered in the period of ten years, including geographical location, photographs and plans, facts and figures, statistics, present condition and future plan for each monument placed on the Web. It is a G.I.S. based system. The Data has to be completed in four level details for each monument:

1. Basic data; 2. Property; 3. Urban context; 4. Supporting documents- digital library and archive. Basic level data would be fully accessible for anyone and other levels would be accessible for registered users, partners in the program or affiliated to research institutions or to scientific projects only.

A total of 212,194 documents have been elaborated till today (digitized for use of researchers) from published and digital sources (including articles, periodicals, reports, bibliographies, documents related to history of countries/cities and such written documents, pictures, maps, engravings and organized in 4200 dossiers. Documents related with the Project are still permanently collected and categorized by the countries and individual monuments (Ibid, Database booklet), (Fig.3, 4 and 5).

Futuristic steps:

According to the research of several specialists in this field, it will be necessary to update the computer technology of the program and the permanent work of the group of researchers, • to introduce Arabic and French as database languages; • to organize, on the regional levels, training for liaison officers/operators of the database program (Fig.6); and • the most important that IRCICA and Al-Turath jointly to repeat request from the governments of the OIC member states to provide us the official data about Islamic monuments in their countries.

In this context it is important to mention, to send a request to the governments of the non -member OIC countries to provide an official data and permission to include those Islamic monuments in the Database, which are in their countries (Guide to Register Monuments). Urban Heritage Training Program

Al-Turath Foundation has a strategic partnership with the Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA), and a number of universities and institutions of interest for enhancing heritage in the educational curricula through the joining of the scientific institution and its training courses inside and outside the Kingdom (Fig.7).

Under this goal, Al-Turath has initiated a training program in the spring and summer starting from summer 2011 and it is going on smoothly. The program is designed for junior students, professionals and specialists to be able to upgrade the heritage knowledge in different levels of education and governmental departments, and serves the employees of the municipalities and universities and all practitioners in the field of preservation of urban heritage (Fig. 8).

The First Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in the Summer of 2011, between June 27th - July 29th, in Istanbul. The title of the program was “Research preservation and management” (Fig. 9).

• Overview of Islamic Architecture; • Contemporary Approach to Preservation of Building Heritage; • What we can learn from World Heritage Sites Management?

Participants who developed projects in Istanbul were selected in collaboration with the authority of theMetropolitan Municipality of Istanbul or for their own countries in collaboration with their municipalities (Fig.11). During the Summer Course a book titled “Islamic Urban Heritage, Research, Preservation and Management, summer 2011, Istanbul” was also published by Al-Turath and IRCICA (Al-turath- IRCICA booklet (Arabic); Islamic Urban Heritage,2011 (Fig. 12) .

The Second Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritagebetween Al-Turath and IRCIA was held in the summer of 2012 between,June 20th to July 17th in Istanbul. The title of program was “Research, Preservation and Management”(Fig.13.)

The program was mainly focused on the northern part of Turkey and heldin Collaboration withYildiz Technical University, Istanbul, King Saud University, Riyadh, Politecnico Di Bari, Prince’s School of Traditional Arts, London, University of Sarajevo, Istanbul Metropolitan Planning Centre and Islamic Urban Heritage, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Kadirhas University, Istanbul , Kultur University, Istanbul Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Sehir University, Istanbul, Bilecik University, Bilecik, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Uludag University, Bursa-Bimtas, Istanbul and Conservation and Restoration Firms Association for Islamic Urban Heritage

The program was comprised of two main sections including the historic conservation practice and the case study field trips (Fig.14; 15) 1. Practical issues on historical preservation – The section involved workshops and lectures given on the site or at the School venue by internationally recognized professors and leading experts of the field, focusing on architectural restoration and urban conservation practices. 2. Practical case studies field trips – This section involved visits to ongoing project sites in Istanbul inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985 ). The

60 case study field trips included visits to important urban heritage sites in Turkey where seminars took place along with the site visits (Fig.16). The seminars was concerned with the sharing of local preservation practice and experiences, which were complemented with case studies on the site (Fig.17). During the Summer Course a book titled “Islamic Urban Heritage, Research, Preservation and Management, summer 2011, Istanbul” was also published by Al-Turath and IRCICA (Islamic Urban Heritage, 2012) (Fig. 18).

The second component was a field work comprising survey, analyses, evaluation and proposal for 20 distinct buildings of different characters, located in the same neighbourhood of the Historical city of Jeddah,Al Balad Touristic Routs within the Al-Balad district(Fig. 20; 21). With the presence of HRH Prince Sultan bin Salman, Prof. Dr. Ekmeleddin Ihsanoglu, director of OIC, Dr. Halit Eren, the general director of IRCICA, made a speech (Fig.22; 23).

The Fourth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICAwas held in the summer of 2013, in Turkey, Greece and Bulgaria. The title of the program was “Architectural preservation in Turkey” (Fig. 24).

The program was comprised of two main sections including the historic conservation practice and the casestudy field trips:

1. Practical issues on historical preservation – The section involved lectures given on the site or at thefacilities by internationally recognized professors and leading experts in the field of history,architectural restoration and urban conservation practices. 2. Practical case studies field trips – The case study field trips included visits to important urbanheritage sites in Turkey, Greece and Bulgaria where seminars were held along with the sitevisits. The seminars were concerned with the sharing of local preservation practices andexperiences, which was complemented with case studies on the sites (Fig.25 to 33).

The program was held in collaboration with the National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH) Saudi Arabia.

The program comprised of two main sections including the lectures on historic preservation and the case study field work:

1. Lectures on historical preservation – The section was set of lectures and a panel, given by internationally recognized professors and leading experts in the field of history, architectural restoration and urban conservation practices. 2. Practical case studies field work –The case study field work included visits to the urban heritage sites of Diriyah, Al-Ghat and Ushaiger and field work comprising survey, analyses, evaluation and proposal for selected single isolated building or sites (Fig. 35 to 44). HRH prince Sultan bin Salman met with the trainees and highlighted the essence of the training programs (Fig.45).

The Sixth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al- Turath and IRCICA was held in summer of 2014, between 5th and 26th August, in Balkans and the title of the program was “Preserving Historic Urban Landscape” (Fig. 46).

The program was held in collaboration with Al-Turath Foundation, Riyadh, National Built Heritage Centre at(SCTH) Saudi Arabia, and sponsored by the Government of Edirne, Al-Turath, Riyadh, KSA, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, King Saud University, Riyadh, Politecnico Di Bari, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Istanbul University, Marmara University, Istanbul, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul , Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, Istanbul, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul , Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro, American College University, Skopje, Macedonia The training covered Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina .

2. Practice and theory of Historic preservation

2. Practical issues and cases:

3. Visiting Heritage Sites in the Balkans

The trip started in Skopje, Macedonia and followed the visit of key historical cities and the sites in Kosovo, returned back to Macedonia, then Albania, Montenegro, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Fig.47 to 55). The heritage sites, that was the main attractions, was visited, and seminars were held and organized with the participation of national and international experts as well as the representatives of local authorities. These seminars focussed on the safeguarding and management of the sites and the promotion of sustainable development.

4. Workshop

This section included four-day presentation and discussion focusing on the main themes covered in the Program in Mostar between August 17 and 21, 2014.

Section 1 Survey Methodology of Historic Buildings from External and Internal part and Database (Fig 57 to 63).

Three types of Survey methodology was discussed with examples as following. It included latest innovation in Survey methodology.

vi. Traditional survey method with technical amenities which included survey with hand devices, total station etc.; vii. Survey with iPad application; viii. Thermal (Infrared) imaging survey; ix. Laser survey (Fig.64 ;65); x. Database preparations methodology.

Section 2

Conservation methodology of Historic Coastal architectureCase study: iv. Beit Zenal v. Bab al Bunt (future Hajj museum), vi. Ain al-Qausiya

This included the architectural, structural and other general problems of the buildings, consisting of the diagnostic study and conservation process. The problems also included building foundation, walls, plaster, facades, cracks, inner paths, beams, roof, stairs, ceiling, decorative problems, wooden link, mashrabiyas (bay windows) (Fig. 66), beams, solution for the moisture control and

65 salt extraction from the walls and ceiling. Also included was electrical and mechanical problems in the buildings.

Section 3 Buildup of Database for the Historical monuments

Section 4

Manual for Restoration and rehabilitation iii. Restoration Manual is a compilation of different technical process for the restoration of buildings which included static and preservation problems and its solution in a most technical manner; iv. Rehabilitation of buildings.

The Eighth summer school for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCICA was held in summer of 2015 from July 26th to 16th August in Bosnia and Herzegovina and title of the program was “Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”( Fig. 67).

Istanbul, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University, Istanbul, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, University of Donja Gorica, Podgorica, Montenegro.

1. Historic Reconstruction: 1.1. Atik Mosque in Mostar (1474); 1.2. Aladza Mosque in Foca (1555).

2. Preservation Plan of the Historic Sites: 2.1. Old Town Blagaj, 10 km from Mostar; 2.2. Old Town Pocitelj, 30 km from Mostar.

3. Design in Historic Context of Mostar:

Four actual projects in the property were listed on the world heritage list of UNESCO 3.1. Sport and recreation center at the meeting point of rivers Neretva and Radobolja; 3.2. Historic bazaar Mala Tepain the Main Bazaar Mostar; 3.3. Girls High school (1903)–historic reconstruction and new touristic function; 3.4. Hotel “Ruza” –construction of a contemporary building in historic context;

The program was held in collaboration with Al-Turath Foundation and IRCICA, the Historic Jeddah Municipality, the National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH) Saudi Arabia and Dubai Quality solution (Fig.75 ; 76 ;77).

First part of the program included the following components:

collectionU of historical data; • survey of the building using traditional and computer-laser technology (traditional survey method with technical amenities which include survey with hand devices, total station and laser scanning survey and photography (Fig. 78). • analyses of buildings' state: construction (foundation, external and internal bearing walls, wall plaster, beams, joist and all the internal details), used materials included all types of doors, windows, mashrabiyas, rawashin and even (Timber ties) Arbta -hkhasbiyah, connecting wooden line, which are placed generally in between the coral stone courses on the walls, level of deterioration pathologies and causes of deterioration etc.; and • to diagnose the specific problems of the building for the conservation purpose (Fig. 79).

Second part of the process includes following components:

• restitute original state of the buildings, and finally; • prepare conceptual design for rehabilitation and reuse of buildings.

The Tenth summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al- Turath and IRCICA was held in the summer of 2016 from 16th to 30th July in Morocco. The title of the program was “Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”(Fig .80).

The Workshop focused on the restoration of Assilah city walls (Fig.83; 84), including: o research of historic data; o survey focusing on key elements and a state of conservation; o restitution of original stage and phases; o structural and architectural restoration; o Integration of walls with urban structures.

Second part included: a short workshop to introduce works with traditional material for handicrafts (stone, mud, wood, glass and textile) in Rabat, in the collaboration with the Arab Industrial and Mining Organization and the Academy of Traditional Arts and was held from July 24th -26th, 2016 (Fig. 85;86). o The goal of the training was the use of local materials and types production of handicrafts in building heritage preservation;

o Use of technology and standards in treating raw materials for handicrafts; o Practical examples of the use of local material (stone, mud, wood, glass and textile); o The promotion of handicrafts.

Third part of this program was,a study trip visiting World Heritage sites in the cities of Morocco including Fes, Meknes, Marrakesh and Casablanca, from July 27th to 30th, 2016 (Fig. 87 to 91).

First part of this program included the following components:

• Collection of historical data; (Fig. 93). • Survey of the Mosques using traditional and computer-laser technology (Fig.94) (traditional survey method with technical amenities, which included survey with hand devices, total station and laser scanning survey and photography); • Prof. Saleh Lamei gave one daylecture on the theories of preservation, practice and samples of his project (Fig.95).

• To diagnose the specific problem of a building for the conservation purpose

Second part of the program included the following components:

• To restitute original state of the Mosques and; • To prepare conceptual design for rehabilitation of the Mosques;(Fig.96)

The Twelfth Summer School for Islamic Urban Heritage between Al-Turath and IRCCA was held in the summer of 2017, from August 14th to 25th in the Central Asian country of Uzbekistan. The title of the program was “Preservation of Islamic Urban Heritage”(Fig. 99).

The program was held in collaboration with National Built Heritage Centre at (SCTH) Saudi Arabia, Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering.

The Islamic Urban Heritage – Research, Preservation and Management School focused on the implementation components: work was integrated with restoration works on construction site.

Site visits in each city and introductory lectures.

- Introduction of the program by Prof. O. Gohary, Prof. M. Ahmedov, - Lecture by Professor Muhammad Ahmedov: (Fig.100), - Modern Architecture of Uzbekistan

- Visit of Key monuments in Tashkent:

Visit to Key Monuments in Bukhara (Fig. 101 to 110):

- Presentation of the Bukhara Master and Management Plan

. Khanaka Faizabad (1598-99) . Kalyan Minaret (1127) . Kalyan Mosque (early 16thc.) . Kukeldash Madrassah (1568-69) . Lyabi-Hauz ensemble (1620) . Mausoleum of the Samanids (the 9th-1Othcc.) >>>

. Mausoleum of Saifetdin Boharziy (late 13th-14thcc.) . Mausoleum of Buyan Kulikhan (late 14thc., 15th or 16thc.) . Miri-Arab Madrassah (16thc.) . Necropolis of Sheikh Bahaaddin Naqshband (16thc.) . Sitorai-Mohi-Hosa Palace (late 19th c. - early 20th cc.) . Poi-Kalyan ensemble (12th-14thcc.) . The out-of-town Mosque Namazgoh (12th- 16thcc.) . Toki-Zargaron, Toki-Sarrafon, Toki-Tilpak-Furushon - shopping mall (15th- 16thcc.) . Ulugbek Madrassah(1417)

Visit to Key Monuments in Samarkand (Fig.111)

Visit to State Inspection Office and discussion on Samarkand master plan with architect Maysara Rega (Fig.112) and (Fig. 113).

• The Registan, consists of three separate buildings: o Madrasa of Ulugh Beg (1417–1420) o Sher-Dor Madrasah (Lions Gate) (1619–1635/36). o Tilla-Kori Madrasah (1647–1659/60).

• Bibi-Khanym Mosque

• Gur-e Amir Mausoleum (1404) • Observatory of Ulugh Beg (1428–1429) • Shah-i-Zinda necropolis • Historical site of Afrasiyab (7th century BC – 13th century) • Siyob Bazaar

• Memorial Complex Imam Al-Bukhari -12km from city

Conclusion

Al -Turath Philanthropy Foundation, KSA and the Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) Turkey, a subsidiary of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have become a working partners with a deep bond of educational association to achieve a common goal to preserve and to promote our Islamic cultural heritage. Al-Turath in cooperation with IRCICA maintains a database relating to the Islamic sites and monuments which constitute the architectural heritage of the Muslim world, sponsored by HRH Prince Sultan Bin Salman Founder and Chairman of Al-Turath Foundation.

Al-Turath Foundation also has a strategic partnership with the Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA) and with a number of universities and institutions of interest for enhancing heritage in the educational curricula through the joining of the scientific institution and its training courses inside and outside the Kingdom. Under this program we have organized a number of Spring and Summer Training courses and workshops in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Turkey as well in other geographical regions including Greece, Morocco ‘the Maghrib’ and in some Balkans countries including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Albania and Macedonia. The l2th Summer Training program was held in Central Asia in the cities of the ancient Silk routes including Tashkent, Samarkand and Bukhara in Uzbekistan.

In conclusion, our aim is to provide education and training through these spring and summer Training courses, Summer Schools, workshops and lectures in actual projects in Islamic architecture, restoration, urban design and planning and to preserve and provide archives data of the Islamic architectural heritage in the digital form through Prince Sultan Bin Salman Islamic Architectural Heritage Database program.

PhotographsU are in the PDF file ------