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Southern Tanzania Pas Proposal To PROJECT DOCUMENT Republic of Uganda United Nations Development Programme Global Environment Facility Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Threatened Savanna Woodland in the Kidepo Critical Landscape in North Eastern Uganda GEFSEC PROJECT ID: 4456; GEF AGENCY ID: PIMS 4592; AWARD ID: 00072558; PROJECT ID: 00085611 1 Brief Description: The Government of Uganda has made significant investments in most protected areas (PAs) in the country. However, the Kidepo Critical Landscape of North Eastern Uganda, encompassing eight protected areas under a range of management authorities received limited investment over the past 20 years due to protracted conflict, and proportionately suffer from lower management effectiveness compared to other sites. The long-term solution proposed by this project is to strengthen the national system of protected areas in Uganda by improving the management effectiveness of protected areas in the Kidepo Critical landscape in the North Eastern part of the country, thus affording biodiversity sufficient protection from emerging and future threats. This can be achieved through providing planned, targeted and effective support to the operational capacity of core PAs within the landscape and through creating a coordinated landscape management approach in the KCL to serve as a shield against human-induced pressures on Uganda’s threatened biodiversity. This proposed project in the Kidepo Critical Landscape of PAs and buffer zones in northern Uganda satisfies the requirements for GEF financing under GEF Biodiversity Focal Area, Strategic Objective one: Improve sustainability of Protected Area systems. The project will directly bring 416,485 ha of land under strengthened PA management arrangements designed to conserve biodiversity, involving three different forms of PA Status (NP, CFR and CWA) as well as public lands, with a wider positive influence on an additional 239,215 ha of dispersal areas. In total the project will thus bring enhanced biodiversity protection to over 655,700 ha of target PAs and linked dispersal areas. The project will comprise two complementary components, which will be cost shared by the GEF and co-financing. Each addresses a different barrier and has discrete outcomes. Component 1. Strengthening Management Effectiveness of the Kidepo Critical Landscape PA Cluster Component 2. Integrating PA Management In the Wider Landscape By addressing management deficits in these sites, the proposed project is expected to strengthen the national PA system in Uganda as a whole as well as improve livelihoods for communities within the landscape. This is to be achieved through enhanced management both of PAs and of biodiversity outside PAs, such as that of the shea tree, which provides significant economic benefits to communities, thus demonstrating the importance of biodiversity to livelihoods of the rural communities. 2 1.1 Table of Contents SIGNATURE PAGE ............................................................................................................................................ 3 1.1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 TABLES ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................. 6 PART IA: SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................... 9 1.5 CONTEXTUAL INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 9 1.6 BIOPHYSICAL CONTEXT .............................................................................................................................. 10 Geographical Context .................................................................................................................................. 10 Biodiversity of Uganda ................................................................................................................................. 11 Uganda’s Protected Area Estate .................................................................................................................. 12 Northern Uganda Regional Context ............................................................................................................. 13 Kidepo Critical Landscape Biophysical Context ............................................................................................ 13 Wildlife Reserves, Corridors and Buffer Zones ............................................................................................. 16 Community Wildlife Areas............................................................................................................................ 19 The Shea Belt................................................................................................................................................ 20 1.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................... 22 Uganda National Context ............................................................................................................................ 22 Northern Uganda Socio-Economic Context .................................................................................................. 22 Market Opportunities for Shea .................................................................................................................... 23 1.8 POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE CONTEXT .............................................................................................................. 29 1.9 INSTITUTIONAL AND GOVERNANCE CONTEXT ................................................................................................. 33 Governance of Natural Resources ................................................................................................................ 33 The Private Sector ........................................................................................................................................ 36 PART IB: BASELINE COURSE OF ACTION ......................................................................................................... 37 1.10 THREATS TO UGANDA’S BIODIVERSITY .......................................................................................................... 37 National Level Threats ................................................................................................................................. 37 Threats to Biodiversity in Kidepo Critical Landscape .................................................................................... 37 1.11 BASELINE COURSE OF ACTION..................................................................................................................... 41 Summary of Baseline Situation .................................................................................................................... 41 Baseline Situation – PA operations .............................................................................................................. 42 Baseline Situation – landscape level approaches ......................................................................................... 43 1.12 LONG TERM SOLUTION ............................................................................................................................. 43 Operations Support for Protected Areas Management in Northern Uganda .............................................. 44 Integrating Management of Protected Areas and Broader Landscapes in Uganda .................................... 44 1.13 BARRIERS TO THE CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY ........................................................................................ 45 Protected Area Management Operations Lack Funding and Capacity ........................................................ 46 Lack of Integration of Protected Areas and the Broader Landscape in Northern Uganda........................... 46 Insufficient Focus on Market Transformation and Incentive Measures ....................................................... 47 1.14 STAKEHOLDER OVERVIEW .......................................................................................................................... 47 PART II: PROJECT STRATEGY .......................................................................................................................... 49 1.15 PROJECT RATIONALE AND POLICY CONFORMITY ............................................................................................. 49 1.16 PROJECT GOAL, OBJECTIVE, OUTCOME, COMPONENTS AND OUTPUTS ............................................................... 51 Component 1. Strengthening management effectiveness of the Kidepo Critical Landscape PA cluster. .... 55 Component 2. Integrating PA management in the wider landscape. ......................................................... 57 1.17 PROJECT RISKS AND ASSUMPTIONS .............................................................................................................. 59 1.18 ALTERNATIVE STRATEGIES
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