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Norman Rule Cumbria 1 0
NORMAN RULE I N C U M B R I A 1 0 9 2 – 1 1 3 6 B y RICHARD SHARPE A lecture delivered to Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society on 9th April 2005 at Carlisle CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND ANTIQUARIAN AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY N O R M A N R U L E I N C U M B R I A 1 0 9 2 – 1 1 3 6 NORMAN RULE I N C U M B R I A 1 0 9 2 – 1 1 3 6 B y RICHARD SHARPE Pr o f essor of Diplomat i c , U n i v e r sity of Oxfo r d President of the Surtees Society A lecture delivered to Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society on 9th April 2005 at Carlisle CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND ANTIQUARIAN AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY Tract Series Vol. XXI C&W TRACT SERIES No. XXI ISBN 1 873124 43 0 Published 2006 Acknowledgements I am grateful to the Council of the Society for inviting me, as president of the Surtees Society, to address the Annual General Meeting in Carlisle on 9 April 2005. Several of those who heard the paper on that occasion have also read the full text and allowed me to benefit from their comments; my thanks to Keith Stringer, John Todd, and Angus Winchester. I am particularly indebted to Hugh Doherty for much discussion during the preparation of this paper and for several references that I should otherwise have missed. In particular he should be credited with rediscovering the writ-charter of Henry I cited in n. -
COMMUNICATIONS in CUMBRIA : an Overview
Cumbria County History Trust (Database component of the Victoria Country History Project) About the County COMMUNICATIONS IN CUMBRIA : An overview Eric Apperley October 2019 The theme of this article is to record the developing means by which the residents of Cumbria could make contact with others outside their immediate community with increasing facility, speed and comfort. PART 1: Up to the 20th century, with some overlap where inventions in the late 19thC did not really take off until the 20thC 1. ANCIENT TRACKWAYS It is quite possible that many of the roads or tracks of today had their origins many thousands of years ago, but the physical evidence to prove that is virtually non-existent. The term ‘trackway’ refers to a linear route which has been marked on the ground surface over time by the passage of traffic. A ‘road’, on the other hand, is a route which has been deliberately engineered. Only when routes were engineered – as was the norm in Roman times, but only when difficult terrain demanded it in other periods of history – is there evidence on the ground. It was only much later that routes were mapped and recorded in detail, for example as part of a submission to establish a Turnpike Trust.11, 12 From the earliest times when humans settled and became farmers, it is likely that there was contact between adjacent settlements, for trade or barter, finding spouses and for occasional ritual event (e.g stone axes - it seems likely that the axes made in Langdale would be transported along known ridge routes towards their destination, keeping to the high ground as much as possible [at that time (3000-1500BC) much of the land up to 2000ft was forested]. -
The Multiple Estate: a Framework for the Evolution of Settlement in Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian Cumbria
THE MULTIPLE ESTATE: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE EVOLUTION OF SETTLEMENT IN ANGLO-SAXON AND SCANDINAVIAN CUMBRIA Angus J. L. Winchester In general, it is not until the later thirteenth century that surv1vmg documents enable us to reconstruct in any detail the pattern of rural settlement in the valleys and plains of Cumbria. By that time we find a populous landscape, the valleys of the Lake District supporting communi ties similar in size to those which they contained in the sixteenth century, the countryside peppered with corn mills and fulling mills using the power of the fast-flowing becks to process the produce of field and fell. To gain any idea of settlement in the area at an earlier date from documentary sources, we are thrown back on the dry, bare bones of the structure of landholding provided by a scatter of contemporary documents, including for southern Cumbria a few bald lines in the Domesday survey. This paper aims to put some flesh on the evidence of these early sources by comparing the patterns of lordship which they reveal in different parts of Cumbria and by drawing parallels with other parts of the country .1 Central to the argument pursued below is the concept of the multiple estate, a compact grouping of townships which geographers, historians and archaeologists are coming to see as an ancient, relatively stable framework within which settlement in northern England evolved during the centuries before the Norman Conquest. The term 'multiple estate' has been coined by G. R. J. Jones to describe a grouping of settlements linked -
“Long Orchard”
BEETHAM PARISH COUNCIL MINUTES of a meeting of Beetham Parish Council held at 7.00pm on Monday 4th June 2018 at Storth School. Present were - Cllrs Brian Meakin (Chair), Ken Blenkharn, Chris Noble, Bob Pickup and Ian Stewart. Also D Cllr P McSweeney, D Cllr R Audland (item 8 onwards), Parish Clerk John Scargill. Four members of the public. 1.0 Apologies for absence – Cllrs Clark, Knowles (holiday) and Yates (holiday). 2.0 The minutes of the previous meeting, held on 14th May 2018, had been circulated by email, were APPROVED by the meeting as a correct record and signed by Cllr Noble. 3.0 Declarations of interest by members present in respect of items on this agenda – none. 4.0 Announcements by the Chair – none. 5.0 Matters arising from the minutes 14th May 2018 and not included elsewhere on the agenda. 5.1 Village map boards (12.1) – had now been finalised and cleared for production and installation as soon as possible. 5.2 ‘Smiley’-type speed indicator sign (12.2) – Storth School/Jessica Harvey had now responded and willing to examine SID data with a view to school’s involvement in its utilisation, but unable to download from SID. Clerk to ask Milnthorpe PC if they could help with this as part of their equivalent routine with Milnthorpe SIDs. 5.3 Replacement of Carr Bank bus shelter (12.3) – the stability of the shelter had been checked by the suppliers, accompanied by Cllr Noble, and found to be within acceptable engineering tolerances. 5.4 Four Lane Ends, Storth signpost (12.4) – Cllr Pickup explained the work involved, which was cleared to proceed. -
The Seaside Resorts of Westmorland and Lancashire North of the Sands in the Nineteenth Century
THE SEASIDE RESORTS OF WESTMORLAND AND LANCASHIRE NORTH OF THE SANDS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY BY ALAN HARRIS, M.A., PH.D. READ 19 APRIL 1962 HIS paper is concerned with the development of a group of Tseaside resorts situated along the northern and north-eastern sides of Morecambe Bay. Grange-over-Sands, with a population in 1961 of 3,117, is the largest member of the group. The others are villages, whose relatively small resident population is augmented by visitors during the summer months. Although several of these villages have grown considerably in recent years, none has yet attained a population of more than approxi mately 1,600. Walney Island is, of course, exceptional. Since the suburbs of Barrow invaded the island, its population has risen to almost 10,000. Though small, the resorts have an interesting history. All were affected, though not to the same extent, by the construction of railways after 1846, and in all of them the legacy of the nineteenth century is still very much in evidence. There are, however, some visible remains and much documentary evidence of an older phase of resort development, which preceded by several decades the construction of the local railways. This earlier phase was important in a number of ways. It initiated changes in what were then small communities of farmers, wood-workers and fishermen, and by the early years of the nineteenth century old cottages and farmsteads were already being modified to cater for the needs of summer visitors. During the early phase of development a handful of old villages and hamlets became known to a select few. -
Arnside and Silverdale Milnthorpe Hollins 3 Deer Well Park Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Dallam Tower Sandside Quarry Kent Channel 2 Sandside
Arnside and Silverdale Milnthorpe Hollins 3 Deer Well Park Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Dallam Tower Sandside Quarry Kent Channel 2 Sandside Beetham Storth Fiery House Underlaid Teddy Wood Heights Beetham Fairy Steps Hall 7 Farm Hazelslack Tower Carr Bank Slackhead Beetham Fell Beetham Park Wood Edge 1 Arnside Moss 110m Ashmeadow Coastguard Lookout Arnside Major Marble Leighton Beck Woods Quarry Hale Fell Beachwood New Dobshall Barns Grubbins Wood Red Bay Wood Hills Leighton Wood Coldwell Furnace Parrock Bridge Hale Moss Blackstone Copridding Silverdale Moss Point Wood Arnside Knott 11 Nature Reserve 159m Brackenthwaite White Creek Gait Barrows National Nature Reserve Heathwaite Arnside Arnside Tower Point Little Hawes White Moss Water Thrang End Hawes Water Middlebarrow Yealand Plain Eaves Hawes Water Storrs Far Arnside Wood Moss Jubilee Mon 6 10 Pepperpot Trowbarrow 12 8 Local Nature Reserve Round Yealand Silverdale To p Redmayne The Cove Bank House Hogg Bank Well Leighton Moss Farm Wood RSPB Cringlebarrow Wood Bottoms Burton Well 5 Wood Deepdale Pond The Lots The Green Leighton Moss RSPB Know Hill Fleagarth Woodwell Know End Wood Point Summerhouse Hill 4 Heald Brow Gibraltar 9 Tower Yealand Jack Scout Crag Foot Conyers Chimney Hyning Scout Jenny Brown’s Wood Jenny Brown’s Cottages Point Barrow Scout Three RSPB Brothers Shore Hides RSPB Strickland Wood Potts Wood N Bride’s Chair Warton Crag 125m Warton Crag Disclaimer: The representation on this map of Local Nature Reserve any other road, track or path is no evidence of Morecambe Bay a right of way. Map accuracy reflects current by Absolute. 2k by the Arnside and Silverdale April 2007. -
Early Christian' Archaeology of Cumbria
Durham E-Theses A reassessment of the early Christian' archaeology of Cumbria O'Sullivan, Deirdre M. How to cite: O'Sullivan, Deirdre M. (1980) A reassessment of the early Christian' archaeology of Cumbria, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7869/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk Deirdre M. O'Sullivan A reassessment of the Early Christian.' Archaeology of Cumbria ABSTRACT This thesis consists of a survey of events and materia culture in Cumbria for the period-between the withdrawal of Roman troops from Britain circa AD ^10, and the Viking settlement in Cumbria in the tenth century. An attempt has been made to view the archaeological data within the broad framework provided by environmental, historical and onomastic studies. Chapters 1-3 assess the current state of knowledge in these fields in Cumbria, and provide an introduction to the archaeological evidence, presented and discussed in Chapters ^--8, and set out in Appendices 5-10. -
393 November 2020
Sedbergh & District November 2020 Issue 393 Donation £1 Christmas is coming! If you’re Also, look up our other new sending a parcel overseas see the advertisers, Faye Waters Book last posting dates on page 12 - and Keeping, Eva’s Organics and the Penny Black advert below. And Jeanettes Sewing. And many thanks also, of course, you’ll need an Oven to those who’ve renewed. Ready Turkey (page 18 for details). We’re very grateful for all your And to visit Rycrofts Christmas Shop. support. Ed. Post Lots of beautiful All you need Office new lines as well to post as old favourites Services parcels to Inc. here at Penny those you Banking Black love Charity cards Boxes Cards for New Calendars and Family Including ranges and our own of Boxes of Sedbergh of gifts Friends cards Start your Christmas shopping early at Penny Black CLOSING DATE: 15th of every month for everything S & D Lookaround 72 Main Street, Sedbergh LA10 5AD Mobile: 07464 - 895425 e-mail: [email protected] ~ Web Site: http://www.sedberghlookaround.org.uk Articles 50 Years Ago 22 Memories Of 45 Years Ago 26 A View From The Fells (Cartoon) 52 Mental Diversity 11 Andy Goldsworthy Sheepfolds 16 Mystery Parcel 58 Apology to Western Dales Mission 40 News From The Pews: 37 Audio Lookaround 57 North West Air Ambulance 12 Brian Capstick 7 One Of Freda Trott's Poems 30 Broad Raine, Killington 31 People’s Hall News 53 Peoples’ Gym And Fitness Centre 53 Celtic Storm Films 47 Poppy Appeal. 8 Cheer Up And Carry On 55 Poppy Poem 8 Christmas Posting Dates 12 Remembrance Sunday 7 Cogs Community Orchard Group, Sedbergh 58 Royal British Legion 6 Community Trust Grants 12 Scams 75 Councillor’s Corner 43 Sedbergh Community Swifts 14 Crime Prevention – Video Doorbells 76 Sedbergh Parish Council 44 Dales Route 48 Sedbergh People’s Hall And COVID Tiers 54 Dark Sky Reserve Bid 13 Sedbergh School - Update 66 Dentdale Christian Fellowship. -
Heversham and Hincaster Neighbourhood Plan to 2025
Heversham and Hincaster Neighbourhood Plan to 2025 Submission Version 1 Index Section Subject Page 1 Introduction 3 2 An overview of the Parishes of Heversham and Hincaster 5 3 Focusing the Plan 8 4 Planning Policies 10 HH1 General conditions 10 HH2 Housing provision 10 HH3 Housing delivery 11 HH4 Business and Employment Development 12 HH5 Tourism 14 HH6 Renewable energy 15 HH7 Parish consultation 15 5 Community Objectives 16 CO1 Community infrastructure Levy 16 CO2 Housing Mix 16 CO3 Pathways and Connections 17 CO4 Activities and Organisations 18 CO5 Private Transport 19 CO6 Public Transport 19 CO7 Broadband 20 Note : A number of Annexes are referred to within this document. They can be viewed at http://www.hevershamandhincasternp.co.uk or in “Neighbourhood Plans” under the “South Lakeland Local Plan section of South Lakeland District Council’s website http://www.southlakeland.gov.uk 2 1. Introduction 1.1 The Localism Act of 2011 introduced new powers to enable people to help to shape the development of their own communities. One way that it did so was by introducing the concept of a Neighbourhood Plan. Such a Plan must be supportive of development and cannot contradict existing national or local planning policies. However once such a Neighbourhood Plan has been approved as meeting national requirements and is endorsed by a local referendum, the policies within the Neighbourhood Plan become part of the statutory development plan. South Lakeland District Council (SLDC), the Local Planning Authority will be required to give consideration to them when planning applications in the two parishes are determined. -
Activities and Groups What's on In...Arnside, Storth, Sandside
01539 728118 What’s On in..... Arnside, Storth, Sandside, Holme, Beetham, Heversham, Burton, Milnthorpe, Levens & Natland Activities and Groups Our groups offer a wide range of activities. Come along to stay healthy, make new friends or even learn a new skill. Gentle Exercises, Natland & Oxenholme Village Every Monday Hall, 2.00 - 3.00pm* (Not 3rd Monday) Gentle Exercises, Arnside Methodist Church Hall, Every Tuesday 9.30 - 10.30am* Gentle Exercises, Arnside Methodist Church Hall, Every Friday 10.30am -12noon* Gentle Exercises, Christ the King Catholic Church, Every Tuesday Milnthorpe, 10.30 - 11.30am* Gentle Exercises, Holme Parish Hall, Every Wednesday 11.00am - 12noon* Gentle Exercises, Levens Methodist Church, Every Wednesday 10.30 - 11.30am* Gentle Exercises, The Athenaeum, Leasgill, Every Thursday 1.30 - 2.30pm* Walking Football, Dallam School 3G Pitch, Every Thursday 6.50 - 7.50pm* (From Sept to March) (From April) Holme Crafters, Holme Parish Hall, 2.30pm* 17 Mar, 21 Apr, 19 May www.ageuk.org.uk/southlakeland/ Mar, April & May 2020 IT Drop-In Sessions, Arnside Educational Every Tuesday Institute, 2.00 - 4.30pm (There will be a donation for the Arnside Educational Institute of £2 for members or £3 for non members) IT Drop In Point, Milnthorpe Library, 3rd Friday 2.00 - 3.30pm IT Drop In Point, Burton Memorial Hall, 1st & 3rd Monday 10.00 - 11.00am Falls Prevention Drop In, Milnthorpe Library, 24 April 10.00am - 12noon Tinnitus Drop In, Age UK South Lakeland, Finkle Every Wednesday Street, Kendal, 10.00am - 12noon Tinnitus Support -
Westl\10HLAND
162 FAR .WESTl\10HLAND. [KELLY~ }l'A~MR'RS continuetL 13a.inbridg-B Jonn, Xnt:Jck, Rnvenstone- Beck Richal'd, Sandwath, -Ravenllklne- .!.tkinson Jobn, Ryclal, Ambleside dale, KiI'kby St~phen I dale, Kirkby Btephen ' i AtkinsOIl John, Sandpot. Mallerstan/;. Bainbridg'e Richard, Holme, Carnfotth Beck Thomas, Low Fairbanlr, NMMr Kirkby Stephen Bainbridge Thomas, Church Brougb, Staveley, Kendal Atki.nson J. Town head, Cliburn,Penrth Kirkby Stephen 'Becks John, Langdale, Tebay RB.~ Atkirtson John, Witherslack, Grange- Bainbridge Thomas, 0rc-sby Garrett, Bec;mith John, High Ewbanll', Stain- over-Sands R. S.O Kirkby Stephen ' more South, Kirkby Stepbell AJldnson John Thomas, Town head, Bainbridge William, ArcheI"' hill, Bell A. &, Wm. Reagin,SOOp H:S.D Milburn, Newbiggin R. S. 0 Langdale, Tebay R S. 0 Bell George, Dirk 'rigg, Mallent:mg, Atkinson Joseph, Barnskew, Reagill, Bainbridge William, Croft end~ ,Bramp- Kirkby 8tephen Shap RS.O ton, Appleby Bell Henry, Dummah hill, Stainmore Atk~nson J.Ghyll hd. Crosthwaite,Kndl Bainbridge Wm. 1 Garthshill, Raven- South, Kirkby Stephen- Atkimon.T. Waitby, Kirkby StephAn stonedale, Kirkby Stephen Bell Tsaac, Kirkby Thore, Poorith Atkinson Mrs: Margaret, Brunthwaite, Bainbridge William, Keisley, .Appleby Bell .lames, Drybeck, Appleby Old Hutton, Kendal Bainhridge Wm. Kelleth, Tebay RS.O Bell .lames, Outhgill, Kirk'bj Stepmn Atkinson Mark, Greyber. Maulds Me8- Bainbridge W. Waitby, Kirkby Stephn Bell .Tames, Reagill, Shap R.S.O b. burn, Shap R.S.O Ba.ines Mrs. Agnes & Son, Whasset, Bell John, G'rackent.horpe, Appleb:f ..Atkinson Mark, Murton, Appleby Beetham, Milnthorpe R.S.O Bell .In. Guest ford, Whinfell, K~dal . Atkinson M. -
Crematoria in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern & Republic Of
Crematoria in England, Wales, Scotland, Northern & Republic of Ireland, Isle of Man & The Channel Islands by year of opening C = ICCM Corporate member ® = ICCM Metals recycling member CM = ICCM Charter for the Bereaved member Maximum acceptable coffin width (inches) Crematoria built = 332 - Replacements (13) Closure (1) Bracketed figure in Cremation Authority column denotes number (ascending) owned/operated by the Cremation Authority NB : There are two crematoria named ‘Woodlands’ and two named ‘The Vale’. Name Cremation Authority Location Tel No: Email 1 1885 Woking London Cremation Co. plc (1) Woking GU21 8TJ 01483 472 197 [email protected] 31 2 1892 Manchester The Manchester Crematorium Company Ltd Manchester M21 7GZ 0161 881 5269 [email protected] 32 3 1895 Glasgow The Scottish Cremation Society Ltd Glasgow G23 5AA 0141 946 2895 [email protected] C 40 4 1896 Anfield Liverpool City Council (1) Liverpool L4 2SL 0151 233 3004 [email protected] C 30 5 1901 Darlington replaced – see 1961 6 1901 Hull (Chanterlands) replaced – see 1961 7 1902 Leicester (Gilroes) Leicester City Council Leicester LE3 9QG 0116 299 5522 [email protected] C ® CM 42 8 1902 Golders Green London Cremation Co. plc (2) London NW11 7NL 0208 455 2374 [email protected] 31 9 1903 Birmingham (Perry Barr) Dignity (1) Birmingham B24 2LR 0121 344 7880 [email protected] C 30 10 1904 City of London replaced – see 1971 11 1905 Sheffield (City Road) Sheffield City Council (1) Sheffield S2