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Impact of Audio Signal Processing and Compression Techniques on Terrestrial FM Sound Broadcasting Emissions at VHF

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Impact of Audio Signal Processing and Compression Techniques on Terrestrial FM Sound Broadcasting Emissions at VHF Report ITU-R BS.2213-4 (10/2017) Impact of audio signal processing and compression techniques on terrestrial FM sound broadcasting emissions at VHF BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rep. ITU-R BS.2213-4 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio- frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Reports (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2017 ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rep. ITU-R BS.2213-4 1 REPORT ITU-R BS.2213-4 Impact of audio signal processing and compression techniques on terrestrial FM sound broadcasting emissions at VHF (2011-2013-2015-2016-2017) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Annex 1 Measurement specification used in Germany for the measurement of the frequency deviation and multiplex power of FM sound broadcasting transmitters ....................... 4 1 Purpose and scope .......................................................................................................... 4 2 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................... 4 3 Limits .............................................................................................................................. 5 4 Technical non-compliance values .................................................................................. 6 5 Measurement method ..................................................................................................... 6 5.1 Measuring equipment requirements ................................................................... 6 5.2 Measurement principle ....................................................................................... 7 5.3 Required measurement conditions ...................................................................... 7 5.4 Measurement set-up ............................................................................................ 11 5.5 Measurement procedure ...................................................................................... 11 5.6 Evaluation of frequency deviation and multiplex power .................................... 13 6 Documentation of the results .......................................................................................... 13 7 Standards and Recommendations ................................................................................... 13 Attachment 1 to Annex 1 ........................................................................................................ 14 Record 1 to measurement report .............................................................................................. 19 Annex 2 Measurement results performed in Hungary on the protection levels against interferers with exceeded MPX power in the FM sound broadcasting .......................... 20 1 Measurement setup and measurement methods ............................................................. 21 1.1 Measurement of RF protection curves ................................................................ 23 1.2 Measurement of the reduction of the peak deviation that can compensate the effect of the higher MPX power ......................................................................... 24 2 Measurement results ....................................................................................................... 24 2 Rep. ITU-R BS.2213-4 Page 2.1 Measurement of RF protection curves ................................................................ 24 2.2 Measurement of the reduction of the peak deviation that can compensate the effect of the higher MPX power of the unwanted transmitter ............................ 26 Attachment to Annex 1 List of instruments ........................................................................... 29 Annex 3 Results of measurements performed in France on the protection levels against interferers with exceeded MPX power in the FM sound broadcasting .......................... 30 1 The bench test ................................................................................................................. 30 2 Measurement results ....................................................................................................... 30 2.1 Statistical figure for the measurement analysis .................................................. 30 2.2 Results ................................................................................................................. 30 3 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 33 Attachment to Annex 3 Measurement protocol ...................................................................... 34 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 34 2 Bench test design ............................................................................................................ 34 2.1 Filtered white noise according to Recommendation ITU-R BS.559-2 ............... 34 2.2 Multiplex power (MPX) variations on interfering transmitter ........................... 35 2.3 Bench test description ......................................................................................... 37 2.4 Measuring process .............................................................................................. 39 Annex 4 Impact of multiplex power levels higher than 0 dBr on the RF protection ratio of sound broadcasting emissions in VHF band II ............................................................... 41 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 41 2 Measurement setup and measurement methods ............................................................. 44 3 Measurement results ....................................................................................................... 45 4 Consequences ................................................................................................................. 48 5 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 49 Attachment 1 to Annex 4 Single results of the measurements .............................................. 51 Attachment 2 to Annex 4 Spectrum plots of the unwanted signal ......................................... 56 Annex 5 Measurements of the relationship between loudness and multiplex power in FM radio performed in France .............................................................................................. 60 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 60 Rep. ITU-R BS.2213-4 3 Page 2 Experimentation system ................................................................................................. 60 3 Database description ....................................................................................................... 61 4 Experimental protocol .................................................................................................... 61 5 Results ............................................................................................................................ 62 5.1 Effect of the multiplex power increase on the loudness of the source audio file 62 5.2 Effect of the multiplex power increase on the loudness of the received audio file ....................................................................................................................... 62 5.3 Effect of the FM transmission chain on the loudness ......................................... 63 5.4 Synthesis ............................................................................................................. 63 6 Conclusions ...................................................................................................................
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