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Danmap 2006.Pmd DANMAP 2006 DANMAP 2006 DANMAP 2006 - Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, foods and humans in Denmark Statens Serum Institut Danish Veterinary and Food Administration Danish Medicines Agency National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Editors: Hanne-Dorthe Emborg Danish Zoonosis Centre National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark Mørkhøj Bygade 19 Contents DK - 2860 Søborg Anette M. Hammerum National Center for Antimicrobials and Contributors to the 2006 Infection Control DANMAP Report 4 Statens Serum Institut Artillerivej 5 DK - 2300 Copenhagen Introduction 6 DANMAP board: National Food Institute, Acknowledgements 6 Technical University of Denmark: Ole E. Heuer Frank Aarestrup List of abbreviations 7 National Veterinary Institute, Tecnical University of Denmark: Sammendrag 9 Flemming Bager Danish Veterinary and Food Administration: Summary 12 Justin C. Ajufo Annette Cleveland Nielsen Statens Serum Institut: Demographic data 15 Dominique L. Monnet Niels Frimodt-Møller Anette M. Hammerum Antimicrobial consumption 17 Danish Medicines Agency: Consumption in animals 17 Jan Poulsen Consumption in humans 24 Layout: Susanne Carlsson Danish Zoonosis Centre Resistance in zoonotic bacteria 33 Printing: Schultz Grafisk A/S DANMAP 2006 - September 2007 Salmonella 33 ISSN 1600-2032 Campylobacter 43 Text and tables may be cited and reprinted only with reference to this report. Resistance in indicator bacteria 47 Reprints can be ordered from: Enterococci 47 National Food Institute Escherichia coli 58 Danish Zoonosis Centre Tecnical University of Denmark Mørkhøj Bygade 19 DK - 2860 Søborg Resistance in bacteria from Phone: +45 7234 - 7084 diagnostic submissions 65 Fax: +45 7234 - 7028 E. mail: [email protected] Bacteria from animals 65 The report is also available from the Bacteria from humans 70 Danish Zoonosis Centre homepage: http://www.food.dtu.dk and from http://www.danmap.org Appendix 1 Materials and methods 79 This report is issued by DANMAP - The Danish Integrated Antimicrobial Resistance Appendix 2 Monitoring and Research Programme. It presents the results of monitoring of DANMAP publications 89 antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in food animals, foods and Appendix 3 95 humans in 2006. The report is produced in collaboration between the National Food Institute, DTU, the National Veterinary Institute, DTU, the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, the Danish Medicines Agency and Statens Serum Institut. The DANMAP programme is funded jointly by the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation and the Ministry of the Interior and Health. 4 DANMAP 2006 Authors of DANMAP 2006 Ole E. Heuer Ulrich Stab Jensen Yvonne Agersø Anette M. Hammerum Hanne-Dorthe Emborg Arno Muller Anne Mette Seyfarth Robert L. Skov Dominique L. Monnet National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Statens Serum Institut Mørkhøj Bygade 19 Artillerivej 5 DK-2860 Søborg DK-2300 Copenhagen S DENMARK DENMARK The following persons were involved in providing data for the report: National Food Institute, Technical University of Ingrid B. Jensen Denmark: Annemarie Jørgensen Frank Møller Aarestrup Lotte Munch Lambertsen Lars B. Jensen Asger Kjærgaard Mortensen Lone Jannok Porsbo Steen Ethelberg Gitte Sørensen Tune Øst-Jacobsen Anders Hay Sørensen Eva Møller Nielsen Katharina E. P. Olsen National Veterinary Institute, Technical University Sidsel Böcher of Denmark: Søren A. Uldum Erik Jacobsen Marit Sørum Vibeke Frøkjær Jensen Anders R. Larsen Steen Nordentoft Stine Frese-Madsen Karl Pedersen Jette Olsen Charlotte Christensen Jette Mondrup Anita Fogh Hansen Dorte Jensen Danish Medicines Agency: Annie Rosendahl Møller Karin Hovgaard Eva Haarup Sørensen Danish National Board of Health: Statens Serum Institut: Jakob Lynge Sandgaard Karin S. Pedersen Jonas Kähler Frank Hansen Suggested citation: DANMAP 2006. Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, foods and humans in Denmark. ISSN 1600-2032. This DANMAP report is also available at www.danmap.org A similar report from Norway is available at www.vetinst.no A similar report from Sweden is available at www.sva.se (SWARM, Veterinary) and at www.strama.se (SWEDRES, Human) DANMAP 2006 5 DANRES - Danish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Hvidovre Hospital: Esbjerg Hospital: Alice Friis-Møller Kjeld Truberg Jensen Elly Keller Kristensen Bettina Lundgren Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Henrik Westh Vejle Hospital: Jenny Dahl Knudsen Per Schouenborg Kristian Schønning Hanne Høgsted Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Rigshospitalet: Herning Hospital: Michael Tvede Helga Schumacher Leif P. Andersen Steen S. Schrøder Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Herlev Hospital: Skejby Hospital: Magnus Arpi Jens K. Møller Hanne Wiese Hallberg Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Viborg Hospital: Hillerød Hospital: Jørgen Prag Dennis Schrøder Hansen Birgitte Tønning Ellen Larsen Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Aalborg Hospital: Slagelse Hospital: Henrik C. Schønheyder Bent Røder Lena Mortensen Else Karlsen Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Statens Serum Institut: Næstved Hospital: Jens Jørgen Christensen Ole Heltberg Michael Kemp Ram Dessau Susanne Larsen Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Roskilde Hospital: Odense University Hospital: Inge Kolle Thøger Gorm Jensen Ulrik Stenz Justesen Bente Gahrn-Hansen 6 DANMAP 2006 Introduction The Danish Integrated Antimicrobial Resistance The monitoring of antimicrobial resistance is based on Monitoring and Research Programme, three categories of bacteria: human and animal DANMAP, was established in 1995 on the initiative of pathogens, zoonotic bacteria and indicator bacteria. the Danish Ministry of Health and the Danish Ministry of Human and animal pathogens are included because Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, as a coordinated these cause infections and they primarily reflect national surveillance and research programme for resistance caused by use of antimicrobial agents in the antimicrobial consumption and antimicrobial resistance respective reservoirs. Zoonotic bacteria are included in bacteria from animals, foods and humans. The because they can develop resistance in the animal participants in the programme are Statens Serum reservoir, which may subsequently compromise Institut, the National Veterinary Institute DTU, the treatment effect when causing infection in humans. National Food Institute DTU, the Danish Veterinary and Indicator bacteria are included due to their ubiquitous Food Administration and the Danish Medicines Agency. nature in animals, foods and humans and their ability to The objectives of DANMAP are: readily develop antimicrobial resistance in response to selective pressure in both reservoirs. · To monitor the consumption of antimicrobial agents in food animals and humans This report describes the annual consumption of · To monitor the occurrence of antimicrobial antimicrobial agents and the occurrence of resistance in resistance in bacteria isolated from food animals, different reservoirs. Trends and comparison to previous food of animal origin and humans years are included. In addition to the monitoring of · To study associations between antimicrobial antimicrobial resistance and consumption of consumption and antimicrobial resistance antimicrobial agents the DANMAP programme includes · To identify routes of transmission and areas for considerable research activities. A few selected further research studies summary research reports are presented. Appendix 2 provides a more comprehensive list of DANMAP publications in the international scientific literature. Acknowledgements The National Veterinary Institute DTU and the National The National Veterinary Institute DTU and the National Food Institute DTU would like to thank the meat Food Institute DTU would also like to acknowledge the inspection staff and the company personnel at the staff of the Regional Veterinary and Food Control slaughter houses for collecting samples from animals at Authorities for collection of food samples and isolation slaughter. Without their careful recording of the of bacteria. animals’ farm of origin the results would be less useful. We are grateful to the Laboratory of Swine Diseases, The Statens Serum Institut is grateful for the participa- Danish Meat Association at Kjellerup for making tion of the selected individuals without whom the „Study isolates of animal pathogens available to the pro- of Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistance in Faecal gramme. The National Veterinary Institute DTU and the Bacteria from Healthy Volunteers“ would not be National Food Institute DTU would like to thank the possible. The Statens Serum Institut would also like to Danish Medicines Agency for collecting and transmit- thank the Danish Medicines Agency for providing data ting data on veterinary consumption of antimicrobials on consumption of antimicrobials in humans, and the from the pharmacies. clinical microbiology laboratories in DANRES group - Danish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance - for providing data on resistance in bacteria from human clinical samples. DANMAP 2006 7 List of abbreviations ADD Defined Animal
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