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Leaf Anatomy and C02 Recycling During Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in Twelve Epiphytic Species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae)
Int. J. Plant Sci. 154(1): 100-106. 1993. © 1993 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/93/5401 -0010502.00 LEAF ANATOMY AND C02 RECYCLING DURING CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM IN TWELVE EPIPHYTIC SPECIES OF TILLANDSIA (BROMELIACEAE) VALERIE S. LOESCHEN,* CRAIG E. MARTIN,' * MARIAN SMITH,t AND SUZANNE L. EDERf •Department of Botany, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2106; and t Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois 62026-1651 The relationship between leaf anatomy, specifically the percent of leaf volume occupied by water- storage parenchyma (hydrenchyma), and the contribution of respiratory C02 during Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) was investigated in 12 epiphytic species of Tillandsia. It has been postulated that the hydrenchyma, which contributes to C02 exchange through respiration only, may be causally related to the recently observed phenomenon of C02 recycling during CAM. Among the 12 species of Tillandsia, leaves of T. usneoides and T. bergeri exhibited 0% hydrenchyma, while the hydrenchyma in the other species ranged from 2.9% to 53% of leaf cross-sectional area. Diurnal malate fluctuation and nighttime atmospheric C02 uptake were measured in at least four individuals of each species. A significant excess of diurnal malate fluctuation as compared with atmospheric C02 absorbed overnight was observed only in T. schiedeana. This species had an intermediate proportion (30%) of hydrenchyma in its leaves. Results of this study do not support the hypothesis that C02 recycling during CAM may reflect respiratory contributions of C02 from the tissue hydrenchyma. Introduction tions continue through fixation of internally re• leased, respired C02 (Szarek et al. -
Guía Visual De Bromelias Presentes En Un Sector Del Parque Natural Chicaque
GUÍA VISUAL DE BROMELIAS PRESENTES EN UN SECTOR DEL PARQUE NATURAL CHICAQUE PRESENTADO POR: DIANA CAROLINA GUTIERREZ GONZALEZ ANDREA LISETH SALAMANCA BARRERA UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGÓGICA NACIONAL FACULTAD DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGÍA BOGOTÁ 2015 1 GUÍA VISUAL DE BROMELIAS PRESENTES EN UN SECTOR DEL PARQUE NATURAL CHICAQUE PRESENTADO POR: DIANA CAROLINA GUTIERREZ GONZALEZ ANDREA LISETH SALAMANCA BARRERA Trabajo de grado presentado para optar al título de Licenciado en Biología DIRECTOR FRANCISCO MEDELLÍN CADENA UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGÓGICA NACIONAL FACULTAD DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGÍA BOGOTÁ 2015 2 NOTA DE ACEPTACIÓN _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ ________________________________________ DIRECTOR: FRANCISCO MEDELLÍN CADENA _______________________________________ JURADO ______________________________________ JURADO Diciembre, 2015 3 AGRADECIMIENTOS En primer lugar agradecemos al profesor Francisco Medellín Cadena por orientar este trabajo con sus asesorías , recomendaciones y conocimientos, también es necesario brindar un agradecimiento a la línea de investigación Ecología y Diversidad de los sistemas acuáticos de la región andina ( SARA) por aceptar este trabajo y proporcionarnos los instrumentos y bibliografía necesaria para su realización. En la realización de este trabajo también fue importante la ayuda de nuestro compañero Julián Romero y Wholfan Díaz que nos colaboraron con el préstamo del material necesario para obtener -
Water Relations of Bromeliaceae in Their Evolutionary Context
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Apollo Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, 181, 415–440. With 2 figures Think tank: water relations of Bromeliaceae in their evolutionary context JAMIE MALES* Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EA, UK Received 31 July 2015; revised 28 February 2016; accepted for publication 1 March 2016 Water relations represent a pivotal nexus in plant biology due to the multiplicity of functions affected by water status. Hydraulic properties of plant parts are therefore likely to be relevant to evolutionary trends in many taxa. Bromeliaceae encompass a wealth of morphological, physiological and ecological variations and the geographical and bioclimatic range of the family is also extensive. The diversification of bromeliad lineages is known to be correlated with the origins of a suite of key innovations, many of which relate directly or indirectly to water relations. However, little information is known regarding the role of change in morphoanatomical and hydraulic traits in the evolutionary origins of the classical ecophysiological functional types in Bromeliaceae or how this role relates to the diversification of specific lineages. In this paper, I present a synthesis of the current knowledge on bromeliad water relations and a qualitative model of the evolution of relevant traits in the context of the functional types. I use this model to introduce a manifesto for a new research programme on the integrative biology and evolution of bromeliad water-use strategies. The need for a wide-ranging survey of morphoanatomical and hydraulic traits across Bromeliaceae is stressed, as this would provide extensive insight into structure– function relationships of relevance to the evolutionary history of bromeliads and, more generally, to the evolutionary physiology of flowering plants. -
Ecophysiology of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM)
Annals of Botany 93: 629±652, 2004 doi:10.1093/aob/mch087, available online at www.aob.oupjournals.org INVITED REVIEW Ecophysiology of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) ULRICH LUÈ TTGE* Institute of Botany, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 3±5, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany Received: 3 October 2003 Returned for revision: 17 December 2003 Accepted: 20 January 2004 d Background and Scope Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) as an ecophysiological modi®cation of photo- synthetic carbon acquisition has been reviewed extensively before. Cell biology, enzymology and the ¯ow of carbon along various pathways and through various cellular compartments have been well documented and dis- cussed. The present attempt at reviewing CAM once again tries to use a different approach, considering a wide range of inputs, receivers and outputs. d Input Input is given by a network of environmental parameters. Six major ones, CO2,H2O, light, temperature, nutrients and salinity, are considered in detail, which allows discussion of the effects of these factors, and combinations thereof, at the individual plant level (`physiological aut-ecology'). d Receivers Receivers of the environmental cues are the plant types genotypes and phenotypes, the latter includ- ing morphotypes and physiotypes. CAM genotypes largely remain `black boxes', and research endeavours of genomics, producing mutants and following molecular phylogeny, are just beginning. There is no special development of CAM morphotypes except for a strong tendency for leaf or stem succulence with large cells with big vacuoles and often, but not always, special water storage tissues. Various CAM physiotypes with differing degrees of CAM expression are well characterized. d Output Output is the shaping of habitats, ecosystems and communities by CAM. -
Plant-Hummingbird Interactions: Natural History and Ecological Networks
Pietro Kiyoshi Maruyama Mendonça Plant-hummingbird interactions: natural history and ecological networks Interações entre plantas e beija-flores: história natural e redes ecológicas CAMPINAS 2015 Aos meus pais, Dario e Isumi e a Amandinha Agradecimentos Uma tese de doutorado é o resultado de um longo caminho, e inevitavelmente é preciso contar com a ajuda de muitas pessoas para ser finalizada. Tudo começou com os meus pais, Dario e Isumi, que resolveram "juntar as coisas" a quase trinta anos atrás. E a quase trinta anos eles têm feito de tudo para me dar todo o apoio possível. Agradeço muito a sorte de ter tido pais tão dedicados e amorosos. Obrigado! Essa tese não seria possível sem o apoio e orientação da Profa. Marlies. Agradeço o fato de ela ter me aberto as portas do seu laboratório e de certa maneira também da Unicamp. A professora é sempre um grande exemplo (que todos gostariam de ser) de como lidar com a vida acadêmica, para que esta continue divertida para você, mas também para os outros ao seu redor. Espero ter pego alguma coisa da sua sabedoria! Chegando aqui, ainda vejo que a minha formação se deve muito ao meu primeiro orientador, o Paulo. Em muitos aspectos parecido com a Profa. Marlies, mas em tantos outros bem diferente, é também um exemplo que tenho para mim. O que me deixa muito feliz é que as portas da sua sala continuam sempre abertas. Essa tese também me ofereceu a oportunidade de aprender com um co-orientador "gringo". Agradeço muito ao Bo, pelo crescimento profissional tão importante que me proporcionou. -
Comparing 2D and 3D Mesophyll Surface Area Estimates 1 Using Non
1 The bias of a 2D view: Comparing 2D and 3D mesophyll surface area estimates 2 using non-invasive imaging 3 4 Guillaume Théroux-Rancourt1*, J. Mason Earles2*, Matthew E. Gilbert1, Maciej A. 5 Zwieniecki1, C. Kevin Boyce3, Andrew J. McElrone4,5, and Craig R. Brodersen2 6 7 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616 8 2School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511 9 3Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 10 4USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616 11 5Deparment of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 12 *: Equal contributions 13 Corresponding author: G. Théroux-Rancourt ([email protected]) 14 15 16 Summary 17 • The surface area of the leaf mesophyll exposed to intercellular airspace per leaf 18 area (Sm) is closely associated with CO2 diffusion and photosynthetic rates. Sm is 19 typically estimated from two-dimensional (2D) leaf sections and corrected for the 20 three-dimensional (3D) geometry of mesophyll cells, leading to potential 21 differences between the estimated and real cell surface area. 22 • Here, we examined how existing 2D methods used for estimating Sm compare to 23 3D values obtained from high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (microCT) for 24 23 species, with broad phylogenetic and anatomical coverage. 25 • Relative to 3D Sm values, uncorrected 2D Sm estimates were 15 to 30% lower on 26 average. Two of the four 2D Sm methods typically fell within 10% of 3D values. For 27 most species, only one slice was needed to accurately estimate Sm within 10% of 28 the leaf-level 3D median. -
Bromeliaceae
Bromeliaceae VOLUME XXXIX - No. 6 - NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2005 The Bromeliad Society of Queensland Inc. P. O. Box 565, Fortitude Valley Queensland, Australia 4006, Home Page www.bsq.org.au OFFICERS PRESIDENT Bob Reilly (07) 3870 8029 VICE PRESIDENT Vacant PAST PRESIDENT Wayne Lyons (07) 3202 8454 SECRETARY Karen Murday (07) 3359 2373 TREASURER Glenn Bernoth (074) 6613 634 COMMITTEE David Brown, Beryl and Jim Batchelor Joe Green, Len and OliveTrevor, Barry Kable,Doug Upton, Peter Paroz AUDITOR Anna Harris Accounting Services COMBINED SHOW COMMITTEE Bob Cross, M O’Dea N. Ryan, Bob Reilly CONVENTION COMMITTEE Greg Cuffe (Convenor) Bob Cross(Display), Wayne Lyons, Bob Reilly, Olive Trevor BROMELIACEAE EDITOR Ross Stenhouse SALES AREA STEWARD Norma Poole & Phyllis James FIELD DAY CO-ORDINATOR Nancy Kickbusch LIBRARIAN Evelyn Rees SHOW ORGANISERS Bob Cross SUPPER STEWARDS Nev Ryan, Barry Genn PLANT SALES Nancy Kickbusch (Convenor) N. Poole (Steward) COMPETITION STEWARDS Arnold James, Ruth Higgins HOSTS Joy Upton, David Brown HALL STEWARD Joy Upton, David Brown BSQ WEBMASTER Ross Stenhouse SOCIETY PHOTOGRAPHERS Doug Upton, Viv Duncan LIFE MEMBERS Grace Goode OAM, Bert Wilson Peter Paroz, Patricia O’Dea Michael O’Dea Front Cover: Tillandsia vicentina Photo by Ross Stenhouse Rear Cover : Inca Trail, Peru Photo by Andrew Tremelling Bromeliaceae 2 NOV/DEC 2005 Contents INFLUENCE OF GREY-LEAVED TILLANDSIA SPECIES IN HYBRID CROSSES .............. 4 BROMELIADS XIII CONFERENCE REPORT ......................................................................... -
Structure-Function Relationships in the Water-Use Strategies and Ecological Diversity of the Bromeliaceae
Structure-function relationships in the water-use strategies and ecological diversity of the Bromeliaceae Jamie Oliver Males Clare College, University of Cambridge Date of submission: 5th May 2017 This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Structure-function relationships in the water-use strategies and ecological diversity of the Bromeliaceae Jamie Oliver Males Summary The Bromeliaceae is one of the largest and most ecologically diverse angiosperm families in the Neotropics. In recent years, this family has begun to emerge as a model system for the study of plant evolutionary ecology and physiology, and major advances have been made in understanding the factors involved in episodes of rapid diversification and adaptive radiation in specific bromeliad lineages. However, despite a long tradition of ecophysiological research on the Bromeliaceae, an integrative, evolutionarily-contextualised synthesis of the links between anatomical) physiological, and ecological aspects of bromeliad biology has hitherto been lacking. The overarching aim of this research project was therefore to use new quantitative data representing a wide range of bromeliad taxonomic and functional groups to elucidate how variation in leaf traits connected by structure- function relationships influences ecological differentiation among bromeliad taxa. Special emphasis was placed on hydraulic and water relations traits because of fast-paced contemporary developments in these fields. The methodologies employed included an assessment of the diversity of bromeliad hydrological habitat occupancy, quantification of key anatomical and physiological traits and their correlations, investigation of the links between vascular and extra-xylary anatomy and hydraulic efficiency and vulnerability, quantification of stomatal sensitivity to leaf-air vapour pressure deficit and stomatal kinetics, and a case study of trait-mediated niche segregation among congeneric epiphytic bromeliad species on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. -
Coleopterans Associated with Plants That Form Phytotelmata in Subtropical and Temperate Argentina, South America Abstract
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by PubMed Central Journal of Insect Science: Vol. 11 | Article 147 Campos and Fernández Coleopterans associated with plants that form phytotelmata in subtropical and temperate Argentina, South America Raúl E. Campos1,2a* and Liliana A. Fernández1,2b 1Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet," Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, CC 712 (1900) La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Abstract A list of the most common plants that form phytotelmata and their associated coleopterans (aquatic, semi-aquatic and terrestrial) from the northeastern subtropical and temperate area of Argentina, South America with biological and behavioral observations is presented in this study. Species of Poaceae (n = 3), Bromeliaceae (5), Apiaceae (6), Araceae (2), Urticaceae (1), Marantaceae (1), Arecaceae (1), Dipsacaceae (1) and Cyperaceae (1) were identified as phytotelmata. Aquatic species of Scirtidae (2), Dytiscidae (2), and Hydrophilidae (4), semi-aquatic Chelonariidae (2), and terrestrial species of Carabidae (3), Staphylinidae (5), Histeridae (1), Elateridae (1), Cantharidae (1), Cleridae (1), Tenebrionidae (1), Meloidae (1), Anthicidae (1), Chrysomelidae (3), Curculionidae (7) and Apionidae (1) were identified from six species of Eryngium L. (Apiales: Apiaceae), two species of Guadua Kunth (Poales: Poaceae), Aechmea distichantha Lemaire (Poales: Bromeliaceae), and from fallen leaves of Euterpe edulis Martius (Arecales: Arecaceae) from the temperate and subtropical area. The highest species richness was recorded in Eryngium phytotelmata. Fifteen species of beetles inhabit Eryngium cabrerae Pontiroli, 11 in E. horridum Malme, 7 in E. stenophyllum Urban, 4 in E. -
Plant Size and Intraspecific Variability in Vascular Epiphytes
Plant size and intraspecific variability in vascular epiphytes Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Gerold Schmidt aus Lindenberg im Allgäu Würzburg, September 2000 Eingereicht am: ...................................................................................................... Mitglieder der Prüfungskommission: Vorsitzender: .......................................................................................................... Gutachter: ............................................................................................................... Gutachter: ............................................................................................................... Tag des Promotionskolloquiums: ........................................................................... Dokumenturkunde ausgehändigt am: ..................................................................... ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, and this is not for formal reasons, I want to thank my advisor Dr. Gerhard Zotz. As a source of constant inspiration and motivation he contributed profoundly to this thesis. Neither the enormous distance from continent to continent nor the vicinity from door to door was an obstacle for an excellent advisorship. I am also grateful for his patient way of introducing me into the ‘art of writing papers’. And then there are all the helping hands that assisted (sometimes for money, sometimes for chocolate) during the field work in Panama. These -
View of CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) Biology, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, and Leaf Optical Properties
MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the dissertation of Nicolas Yebit Fondom Candidate for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Director Dr. Alfredo J. Huerta Reader Dr. David L. Gorchov Reader Dr. Nancy Smith-Huerta Reader Dr. Richard C. Moore Graduate School Representative Dr. Michael W. Crowder ABSTRACT PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ADAPTATIONS IN SOME CAM SPECIES UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS: THE IMPORTANCE OF LEAF ANATOMY by Nicolas Y. Fondom This dissertation consists of an introduction and three independent research chapters. Chapter one (introduction) presents a review of CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) biology, chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf optical properties. Chapter two addresses the physiology, anatomy, and biochemistry of two tropical Peperomia species in the field in the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve in Tamaulipas, Mexico. Chapters three and four address similar studies in two morphs of Agave striata (red vs. green leaves) under natural condition in the high plateau desert region of Miquihuana, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The summary for each of the research chapters is discussed. In chapter two, I tested, under field conditions, the hypotheses that relative thickness of the spongy mesophyll layer is an indication of CAM and that water distribution within the leaf tissues of the two Peperomia species studied changes differently in response to drought. The results showed that when well-watered, P. obtusifolia has typical C3-activity and P. macrostachya has typical CAM-activity, with spongy mesophyll layer thickness of 26% and 76% respectively. In addition, the results also showed that the distribution of water in the leaf tissue in P. obtusifolia changes in response to drought, from the hydrenchyma to the chlorenchyma, but this is not the case in P. -
And Phytotelmatocladius Delarosai (Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): Two Phytotelmatous Chironomids Distributed from Florida to Argentina
1226 Florida Entomologist 97(3) September 2014 MONOPELOPIA CARAGUATA (CHIRONOMIDAE: TANYPODINAE: PENTANEURINI) AND PHYTOTELMATOCLADIUS DELAROSAI (CHIRONOMIDAE: ORTHOCLADIINAE): TWO PHYTOTELMATOUS CHIRONOMIDS DISTRIBUTED FROM FLORIDA TO ARGENTINA AUGUSTO SIRI* AND MARIANO DONATO ILPLA (Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet”) CONICET-CCT-La Plata / UNLP (Universidad Nacional de La Plata). Bv. 120 y 62, La Plata (1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina *Corresponding author; E-mail: [email protected] Phytotelmata are structures present in terrestri- Argentina (Campos 2010). Plants of this genus al plants such as modified leaves, leafaxils, flowers, grow on the ground and have a simple structure stem holes or depressions, open fruits and fallen and are annuals, differing from bromeliads, which leaves. These structures allow water to impound comprise mainly perennial epiphytic plants with and are more common in tropical areas where plant a complex structure. diversity and rainfall are higher (Fish 1983). The Larvae of Monopelopia caraguata were collect- phytotelmata provide a suitable habitat where im- ed from Eryngium plants and reared in the labo- mature chironomids are common inhabitants. ratory. This is the first report of this chironomid In this contribution, the occurrence of the chi- species associated with the terrestrial Eryngium ronomid species Monopelopia caraguata Mendes plants in a temperate region. Monopelopia cara- et al. (Chironomidae: Tanypodinae: Pentaneurini) guata co-occurred in some Eryngium plants with and Phytotelmatocladius delarosai Epler (Chiron- Polypedilum parthenogeneticum Donato et Paggi omidae: Orthocladiinae) are reported in Argentina (Chironomidae: Chironominae) and Metriocne- for the first time. A list of the American phytotel- mus eryngiotelmatus Donato et Paggi (Chiron- matous chironomids (except for species inhabiting omidae: Orthocladiinae), which are common in- tree holes and bamboo internodes) with the host habitants of Eryngium in Argentina.