Le Bourget: a Century of Innovation

international magazine The magazine for Saft’s JUNE 2017 customers and partners #36

Le Bourget: a century of innovation

Three battery technologies that could power our future The sky’snolongerthelimit! © Cyrille Dupont 2 Editorial s eiee uig satellite using delivered is email Today, functions. critical other and starting engine for batteries Saft on relying America, South to France from airmail deliver to used were Show. and especially with the Paris Air industries, space and aviation the with association long Saft’s aerospace edition is to celebrate This sector. specific a to edition entire an dedicating are we time first the is This Magazine. Saft of edition te 90, seaplanes 1930s, the In special this to Welcome SAFT Ma gazine #36

Saft, Groupe SA, a Feedback: [email protected] FWV andSix Degrees.Graphicdesign: MLLanceau.Printedby:L’Artésienne.Cover:Photo©ATR/PierreBarthe magazine for Saft’s customers and business partners. business and customers Saft’s for magazine International 26 Quai Charles Pasqua, 92300 Levallois - France. CEO Ghislain Lescuyer, h erh Tdy tee are there Today, earth. the of measurements taking for used diameter in cm 50 and long cm 20 satellite, drical cylin- small a 1A, Diapason the powering space into launched battery our 1966, February 17th on ago, years 50 Over Age. Space the of dawn the since jets andmilitaryaircraft. airliners as well as many business commercial of 80% equips Saft Today Saft. has too so flight, of dawn the since innovated and batteries. As mankind has evolved Saft by powered communications We’ve also been innovating been also We’ve Editor: lma Peters. Elma www.saftbatteries.com - Karen Hollington. Karen Managing Editor: successful future. and long a – partners and customers space and aviation our all and – show the wishing Here’s come. to years for there case our technology innovations show to continue will we and show the at exhibit to proud back to at least 1959. We’re very participation our trace can We being. into came Saft before years few a just 1909, in held long lifeandreliability. performance, their for known batteries, lithium-ion Saft by powered orbit in satellites 200 The first Paris air show was show air Paris first The Saft InternationalMagazine, Text: First Word, Word, First -

©Airbus S.A.S. 2011 ©SIAE 9 8 6 inbrief 4 power? airliner losesengine What happenswhenan batteries upgrade toULM ATR regionalairliners of innovation Le Bourget:acentury ®

12 6 18 16 14 12 the nextgeneration Taking spacepowerto exploration The newageofspace weather predictions Lockheed Martinsharpens A highflyerinLi-ion 16

©Fotolia/belov1409/ alestraza - NASA/JPL-Caltech events 23 22 20 19 We’ve gotitcovered power ourfuture technologies thatcould battery Three battery technology energize thefutureof A newincubatorto SAFT Ma gazine #36 9 IN THISISSUE 20 3

©Fotolia/artemegorov In brief In brief

Success in Japan Safety first within Saft

[email protected] How do you get workers to improve is also a chat group using an internal safety in a 100-year-old company with social network. SAFT_PosterPhoto_PRINT_EN.pdf 3 30/03/2017 14:16:08 a good record? It’s a program that in addition, Gilles Tardivo is leading Gilles Tardivo, leader of Saft’s World a review of safety at all Saft’s manu- Class team for continuous improve- facturing sites in partnership with an ment, has launched. “I have a chal- external expert. They have already lenging new target this year to improve identified six risks that represent most Saft’s Total Recordable Incident Rate, of Saft’s incidents – including tripping, or TRIR, a metric used for the number heavy lifting and machine operation. of recorded incidents per million From the review, action plans have

Saft receives the “Product/Service of the Year” Award from the French Chamber of Commerce & Industry in Japan C ©CC I France Japon M hours worked.” Everyone recognizes been drawn up and implemented on J

MJ CJ Linh NGUYEN and understands the importance of each site. th CMJ Operator, During the 6 edition of the French “Last year Saft established its own the needs of our Japanese customers,” N Welding Department continuous improvement with regard Since July 2016, Saft is a wholly-owned Business Awards, Saft Japan received the subsidiary in Tokyo. Our goal is to said Satoshi Okuyama, Saft Japan SAFETY best “Product/Service of the Year” Award strengthen our leadership position in Sales Manager. IS EVERYONE’S to Health & Safety. subsidiary of Total and is making use BUSINESS from the French Chamber of Commerce Japan with an increased focus on trans- The first priority is to increase the of Total’s 12 Golden Rules, applying to & Industry in Japan. The award recog- portation, telecom and grid, as well as sharing of information between Saft’s everything from protective equipment LET’S ALL MAKE SAFT nizes Saft’s high technology batteries civil electronics markets. But most of AN INCIDENT AND INJURYFREE WORKPLACE 14 different manufacturing sites and to change management. [email protected] designed for industry markets. all we want to be more responsive to more than 4,000 employees. Up to Saft also had its first company-wide now each site has operated its safety Safety Week in April, when employees operations largely in isolation, but in at 17 locations around the world orga- Brand new look for a brand new website January Gilles Tardivo started to bring nized events focused on increasing all the safety experts together. There awareness and improving safety. Saft has a brand new website designed with you in mind. We’ve worked hard on the user journey, making it easier for you to find what you’re looking for, with multiple routes to New Incubator product and market sector information. We also want to make it easier for you to get in Director touch with us – you’ll find contact points all Nicolas Evanno joined Saft’s Bordeaux over the site. incubator at the end of 2016. He started Our new website contains lots of stories his career at the National Physical about how Saft’s batteries and systems make Laboratory in the UK and held several a difference in today’s world. We hope you’ll research and innovation leading roles enjoy them. in the aviation and space and defense ©Vendée G lobe/Olivier Blanchet/DPP I Our web address remains the same: divisions at Rolls Royce. www.saftbatteries.com Arnaud Boissières #10 on the Vendée Globe Sharing results from our magazine survey @caliboissieres Saft batteries have kept their prom- Thanks to our 100 customers and part- have listened to you! This issue is dedi- ises. They have played their part in ners for sharing their views on our last cated to aerospace and we’ve added Arnaud Boissières made it to the powering all the onboard electronics Saft International Magazine edition. articles on our new battery technologies. top! He crossed the finish line of the for three months while withstanding While 70% of you enjoy reading our We will continue our efforts to improve in eighth Vendée Globe round-the-world the oceanic extreme conditions. magazine, a majority wants more details future issues. sailing race at 8:26 AM on February “Today is a day for sharing. For me and th on battery technologies and their future Congratulations to Eloi Klein from Thales 17 and earned an excellent tenth all those who have supported me since the applications. You’re also keen on reading Alenia Space who was the lucky winner place. Arnaud and Armel Le Cléac’h, start, that’s a huge victory. When things more articles on your own sector. We of our prize, an iPad Pro. ©Saft / Charlotte Lévêque the winner of the Vendée Globe, were weren’t going well, I kept thinking of the only two solo racers to complete these people” said Arnaud once arrived.

©Saft [email protected] three Vendée Globe races in a row. Congratulations to our favorite skipper!

4 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 5 LE BOURGET LE BOURGET

Le Bourget: a century of innovation Posters of 1951 - 1953 - 1955

Every two years the aviation world shows off its latest that year – and it too is powered by a innovations at the Paris Air Show at Le Bourget. And for Saft battery. And the show saw the signing of the agreement that led to the Saft’s team, it’s a highlight of the calendar. creation of Airbus, which has become a Antoine Brenier, who took over in commercial aviation giant. 2014 from Mr Weber as Saft’s aviation The sleek, dart-shaped Concorde 1969: a landmark year for director, says: “Today, Saft is working made its first public appearance at the commercial aviation Memories of Saft at Le Bourget with all the major aviation manufacturers ©S I A E ©S I A E ©S I A E International Paris Air Show in 1969, The Paris Air Show began as the Bernard Weber, former commer- in the world. We are excited by the inno- roaring into the air under the power of Aero Exhibition at the Grand Palais, cial aviation director at Saft, was at Le vations in lithium-ion batteries, which are four large Rolls-Royce engines. Paris in 1909. It moved to Le Bourget in Bourget in 2005 when Airbus showed Mr Weber, now retired, first went to the A fighter’s first appearance making it possible for more functions on The supersonic airliner, which used a 1953, where Saft has exhibited for more off its ‘superjumbo’, the A380. He Paris Air Show in 1973, when Saft had a This year is expected to see the first the aircraft to be handled electrically.” Saft battery to start the engines and than 60 years. says: “The first flight of the A380, which small booth of around 10m2. This year, appearance by the Lockheed Martin A lot has changed since Concorde to provide emergency backup power, That 1969 show was notable not had a Saft battery in it, was something Saft’s stand will fill 60m2 and feature F-35, the multi-role fighter plane and first wowed the Paris crowds, but Le became a popular Paris air show just for the Concorde appearance. The everyone wanted to see. All the booths the battery for the ExoMars Rover, due one of the first aircraft to be powered Bourget remains the unmissable center attraction. Boeing 747 also made its public debut were deserted when it was flying.” to be launched in 2020. by a lithium-ion battery. of the air-show calendar.

Saft & the Paris Air Show

1957: Aircraft from the former 1909: The Paris Soviet Union were displayed for the Air Show has its beginnings first time, while America’s Boeing in the Aero Exhibition at the also made its debut with the B-47. Grand Palais, Paris, which ran 1983: Enterprise, the Nasa for three weeks but had no flying Space Shuttle, was flown at demonstrations. the show, fixed to the top of a modified Boeing 747.

1909 1953 1957 1969 1983 2005 2017

1953: Flying demonstrations 2005: The double- decker 2017: The Lockheed became part of the show in 1949 Airbus A380, powered by a Martin F-35 is due to make and were held at Paris Orly Saft battery, made its debut its first Paris Air Show airport. The show moved to its at the Paris Air Show. The appearance. The strike present site, Le Bourget, in 1953. aircraft has since become fighter is powered by a 1969: Concorde made its first public a crowd favorite. Saft lithium-ion battery. flight. The supersonic airliner was powered by a Saft battery. The Boeing 747, also using a Saft battery, made its public debut the same year. ©Stef Bayley/FirstWord

6 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 7 REGIONAL AVIATION FEATURE STORY What happens when an airliner loses engine power?

Miracle on the Hudson: a great pilot and ground support ©ATR/Pierre Barthe In 2009, Chesley Sullenberger was able to land his Airbus A320 on the Hudson river on the east side of Manhattan ATR regional airliners upgrade after birdstrike caused both engines to fail shortly after takeoff from LaGuardia airport, New York. ® to ULM batteries Batteries step in when jets fail Many of the systems required to safely land an airplane, Saft’s ULM (Ultra Low Maintenance) and have clocked up over 30 million flight including in an emergency condition, rely on electrical ATR is a French-Italian nickel-based batteries are now the tech- hours. ATR will further extend this rela- power. This was exactly the case experienced by Flight aircraft manufacturer nology of choice for commercial aircraft tionship by upgrading to Saft’s new genera- 1549’s Captain Sullenberger, after the dual engine loss. where they support a range of functions, tion ULM batteries for all its ATR 42 and founded in 1981 as including providing safe and 72 aircraft - between 80 to an equal partnership Saft batteries started the auxiliary power unit that day and reliable power to start the Saft has been the 100 aircraft a year. between Airbus and help the aircraft to land safely. APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) as onboard battery partner Each aircraft will be equipped Leonardo. It is the world well as emergency backup for with two 24 volt batteries – a for ATR’s regional leader for regional critical systems. For OEMs, 44 Ah main battery and a 17 aircraft in the below they offer the ideal combina- turboprop airliners since Ah emergency battery. The tion of high performance and they entered service in Saft batteries fitted since the 90 seats category low weight. While for opera- aircraft first entered service and the company has tors the ULM design ensures the 1980s. have delivered exceptional equipped the fleets of extended maintenance intervals that enable performance and a long service life of around around 200 airlines in significant reductions in the total cost of eight years. With the upgrade to ULM, ATR 42 100 countries. ownership (TCO). and 72 fleet operators will be able to reduce Saft has been the onboard battery partner their maintenance costs by at least a dollar for ATR’s regional turboprop airliners for each flight hour while saving more than since they entered service in the 1980s. Our one kilogram of weight compared with the batteries are installed on some 1,300 aircraft existing batteries. © I stockphoto/ Makhnach_M

8 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 9 FEATURE STORY FEATURE STORY

What happens when an airliner loses engine power?

Every nervous flyer has probably gazed out of the window and wondered what would happen if those enormous engines stopped working. The reality is less worrying than you might think. ©Wikicommons/avidwatts1978

Flying in a modern commercial jet losing what little altitude he had, has become an unremarkable expe- Captain Sullenberger stayed in rience. Routine. Extremely rarely, constant contact with air traffic though, circumstances might just controllers in an attempt to find

conspire to make all that training and somewhere safe to land. He knew he N ASA Ames Research safety backup equipment worthwhile. wouldn’t get back to LaGuardia and The overwhelming majority of considered using the smaller runway pilots go through their entire careers at Teterboro in New Jersey before Center / E ric James without experiencing a dual flameout: ruling that out and opting to ditch in ©Wikicommons/ both engines cutting out at the same the river.3 Captain Sullenberger time and leaving the aircraft gliding US Airways Flight 1549 had not – still flying forward at great speed reached sufficient airspeed to attempt but no longer propelled by jet power. a restart of the engines and one of John Denker’s comprehensive flying them was on fire, so ditching was the manual See How It Flies is clear on only option. Roughly four minutes what the cockpit crew should do: “The elapsed between the engine failure first step in dealing with any in-flight and the plane landing in the river. emergency is always the same: fly the All 155 passengers and crew were airplane.” 1 no matter what, the pilot must stay calm and in control. A flameout “The first step in dealing with any in-flight emergency is Without a powerful and reliable battery to start the like this might be rare but it has been always the same: fly the airplane.” traffic control, the instruments that APU, the risk to the plane would be much greater - anticipated and planned for and a give guidance and orientation informa- and this is where Saft plays a vital role. skilled pilot can take an aeroplane tion and the systems that control the saved by a combination of Captain without engines and land it safely with Batteries step in airplane. Sullenberger’s skill and composure minimal injury to the passengers. However, the battery does not fact, eighty percent of commercial powered or while gliding and powered and the prompt action of the emer - when jets fail fill this emergency role alone. The airliners rely on Saft batteries. by emergency batteries, as pilot gency services, who rescued them Many of the systems required to airplane may eventually rely on the Thanks to a plane’s electrical Karlene Petitt said after another dual from the wings of the floating plane. Miracle on the safely land an airplane, including in auxiliary power unit (APU), which has systems, losing engine power doesn’t flameout that landed safely, this time Captain Sullenberger, interviewed an emergency condition, rely on elec- to be started by the batteries and then mean losing control, and a calm pres- over Singapore: Hudson: shortly afterwards, said that realizing trical power. This was exactly the case ensures power generation, engine ence behind the controls can result in “Pilots never stop flying the plane, no he had lost power from both engines experienced by Flight 1549’s Captain re-starting and cabin pressurization. a safe glide to the ground. Whether jet matter what.” 6 a great pilot and was “... the worst, sickening, pit-of- Sullenberger, after the dual engine in its report on Flight 1549, the US your-stomach, falling-through-the-floor ground support National Transportation Safety Board feeling I’ve ever felt in my life. I knew loss. said that Captain Sullenberger’s deci- 1 4 immediately it was very bad. My initial All large aircraft use 28-volt Dealing with emergencies – See How It Flies: Miracle on the Hudson, CBS 60 Minutes: www. in 2009, Chesley Sullenberger batteries, either nickel-based or lith- sion to start the APU was “critical www.av8n.com/how/htm/emerge.html cbsnews.com/news/sully-miracle-on-the- reaction was one of disbelief: ‘I can’t 2 US Airways pilot rejected emergency landings hudson-60-minutes/ was able to land his Airbus A320 on ium-ion batteries, to accomplish tasks because it improved the outcome of the 5 believe this is happening. This doesn’t at two airports, The Guardian, 16 January 2009: US Airways Flight 1549 Accident Report, ditching by ensuring that electrical power the Hudson river on the east side of happen to me’.” 4 from starting the airplane engines to www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jan/16/new- National Transportation Safety Board: www.ntsb. Manhattan after birdstrike caused powering backup functions. In normal was available to the plane.” 5 york-plane-crash-hudson-river-sullenberger- gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/ He knew he had to overcome that AAR1003.pdf both engines to fail shortly after flight, the battery is recharged by the Without a powerful and reliable pilot feeling to stay in control: “The physi- 3 6 We asked pilots what happens when a jet loses battery to start the APU, the risk to FAA transcript of Hudson river plane takeoff from LaGuardia airport, New ological reaction I had to this was strong, aircraft engines. In an emergency, the landing, The Guardian, 5 February 2009: www. both its engines, Business Insider, 27 May 2015: 2 York. and I had to force myself to use my battery is the primary power source the plane would be much greater - and theguardian.com/world/2009/feb/05/us-airways- http://uk.businessinsider.com/a-singapore- airlines-flight-836-lost-engine-mid-flight-2015-5 Having lost all engine power and training and force calm on the situation.” for radio communication with air this is where Saft plays a vital role. In crash-transcript

10 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 11 AhighflyerinLi-ion ©Jean-Paul Kieffer 12 Battery life SAFT Ma gazine #36 within Saft. We had the within Saft.Wehadthe technical leader for the technical leaderforthe Jean-Yves Clotes is the Jean-Yves Clotesisthe Airbus 350 lithium-ion Airbus 350lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery project (Li-ion) batteryproject him about all things in him aboutallthingsin opportunity to talk to opportunity totalk passenger aircraft. “ that we came up with the proposal for proposal the with up came we that space market. aero- the for batteries Li-ion volt 28 of development the on focused project R&D Saft a joined I batteries. Li-ion of tests their facilitating customers, with site on time of lot a market. automotive the in vehicles hybrid at aimed batteries on time, that At Bordeaux. in batteries Li-ion of integration the with working originally i Li-ion specificallyforAerospace? How did you become an expert in joined Saft just over a decade ago, ago, decade a over just Saft joined was working was I also spent spent also I n 2008, In It was during this project Asiana.” Airways, Finnairand airlines includingQatar used by13commercial are currentlybeing “Our Li-ionbatteries project fortheA350aircraft. battery Li-ion the to relation in nation the running co-ordi- engineering for the all and responsible team am i There batteries. aviation on working people 150 about have we where involved withtheprojecteversince. and battery, 350 Airbus the Today am still based in Bordeaux in based still am I entails. about what your role Tell usalittlebitmore excited tobeselected. months and we were very six about lasted process review The batteries. Li-ion its with Airbus supply to competition serious some was ’ve been I’ve

©marc de tienda

©Airbus S.A.S. 2015 - photo by master films / A. Doumenjou Assurance Level – DAL A to answer to A DAL – Level Assurance rupted. inter- never is loads electrical aircraft Transfer meaning that the power to the a as act battery this charger within the battery, and making a embedding contactor, battery silicon a integrating include: batteries offer aircraftmanufacturers? What’s sospecialaboutwhatSafthasto might workforothercustomers. that configurations new for out eye an keeping always are we that and rate top are skills technical our that tion, regula- and standards with date to up are we ensuring means This whole. a to is role my of contribute to part Saft’s aircraft business as naturally, maintenance plans and documentation. with along batteries, the for casings the electronics, related all elements), mechanical and cells Li-ion (the itself battery the of development the on working are we project this Within milestones. specific reach to order in timeline the to sticking and creating Today, we hold the highest Design highest the hold we Today, aircraft Li-ion in firsts our of few A means that level practical a On o Break Power Break No CO lower and airlines the for savings cost means weight saving business, Li-ion technology. adopting by aircraft an of weight the on kg 80 save can you performance, better even or same, the For power-density. and batteries. They also have better energy (Ni-Cd) nickel-cadmium traditional ested inLi-ion? Why are aircraft manufacturers inter- requirements. safety industry aircraft tight the remote conditionmonitoring. like services additional facilitate to electronics other of embedding the cost ofownership(TCO). ents a powerful case for optimized total required by servicing six-monthly the versus years two to extended be can intervals service – batteries Li-ion for required maintenance less there addition, is in 2 Li-ion batteries are lighter than lighter are batteries Li-ion And finally, Li-ion batteries enable batteries Li-ion finally, And emissions. Ni-Cd batteries. That pres- In this safety requirements.“ tight aircraftindustry DAL Atoanswerthe Assurance Level– the highestDesign “Today, wehold [email protected] safety ofcourse. and reliability with combined density, energy of levels required the offer to level cell the at technology battery in change step a require will That aircraft. the long term we will see electric-driven in And hydraulics. replace electrics as military aircraft. batteries are also in use on close to 200 Li-ion Asiana. and Finnair Airways, 13 commercial airlines including Qatar by used being currently are they and factories our in batteries Li-ion 700 to batteries intheair? Are thereanyaircraftusingLi-ion Absolutely! We’ve produced close produced We’ve Absolutely! SAFT Ma gazine #36 “ more electric aircraft electric more to trend the seeing already are We mance. perfor- higher even with batteries complex more require will aircraft of evolution the play inelectricaircraft? what rolewillbatteries Speaking ofthefuture, There’s no doubt that Battery life 13

©Airbus S.A.S. 2011 - computer rendering by Fixion -GWLNSD Making the difference LOCKHEED martin Making the difference LOCKHEED martin

sun are on track to come close enough Lockheed Martin sharpens to affect systems used on earth. Subsequently, the Magnetometer will, for example, sense magnetic weather predictions storms that could interfere with radio traffic frequency. This instrument confirms what the Solar Ultraviolet The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites, or GOES spacecraft, Imager predicts. have provided us with dependable weather forecasts for decades. Jeff Shook, the GOES Spacecraft Director at Lockheed Martin answers our questions about the newest generation, the GOES-R Series: GOES-R will transmit more data in its first six Q – What is the GOES-R program? Saft’s compact, high-power Li-ion months of operation than “A – Powered with Saft’s lithium-ion batteries help free up weight and (Li-ion) VL48E cells, four new weather space, allowing my team to put supple- all previous GOES weather satellites in the GOES series are mentary features and bandwidth capa- satellites combined. designed and built by Lockheed Martin, bilities on-board. enabling more precise weather predictions. Q – How will the on-board scientific Q – What do you see coming in the future equipment help us on earth? for satellite technology? Q – What have been some of the neatest A – We have three main types of equip- A – Personally, I think the scientific

©Lockheed Martin technological advancements in the space ment on board the GOES-R satellites community will likely be continuing to industry you’ve seen? to detect weather changes or interfer- examine ways to more closely watch Jeff Shook is the GOES A – After 33 years in the business, I’ve ences: the coastline, peer more into the Spacecraft Director at slowly watched spacecraft and weather The Geostationary Lightning Mapper oceans and watch changes in tempera- satellite technologies evolve, enabling will help map or detect lightning over ture currents, biology and ice packs to Lockheed Martin. enhancements along the way. For the land and oceans, helping increase better inform our climate studies and His team, along with GOES-R program, advancements boil lead time with storms and the ability models. their industry partners, is down to the ability to see clearly and to get out of harm’s way more quickly. “ responsible for the design, “stare” at the earth at all times, day or Additionally, it will increase prediction build, test and delivery night. accuracy. - everything it takes to nobody wants to be offline, so band- The Solar Ultraviolet Imager will These images of the sun were captured at width is important to allow us to bring stare at the sun and look at it in ultra- the same time on January 29, 2017 by the six build the spacecraft bus, down the very high resolution data and violet spectrums, or different wave- channels on the Solar Ultraviolet Imager or including the software, information. lengths of energy or light. It will scan SUVI instrument aboard NOAA’s GOES-16 rocket engines, structure, satellite. Data from SUVI will provide an Also, power density and efficiency for active regions on the sun to predict estimation of coronal plasma temperatures

battery and power systems. are more important than ever, and if high energy particles thrown from the and emission measurements which are © N OAA important to space weather forecasting. GOES-R Satellite Processing © N OAA

14 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 15 INTO THE FUTURE SPACE EXPLORATION INTO THE FUTURE SPACE EXPLORATION

The new age of space exploration

From Mars rovers to moon hotels, and investigated Saturn’s rings. This Space: the trendiest tourist vehicle travels to its destination and the space programs being developed is perhaps the most exciting period destination then reliably provide power when it is for humankind’s study of space for today will change our lives and needed. 40 years. Amazon, the internet retailer, reshape our understanding of the “The ExoMars Rover is a particular To make these missions possible, has plenty of experience in sending universe. challenge,” says Ms Sennet. “The battery spacecraft need robust, high perfor- packages around the world, but its has to be completely sterile because we “I’d be very disappointed if we’re not mance, long life and reliable batteries founder, Jeff Bezos, has set his sights absolutely cannot introduce new bacteria into space with a test flight by the end of that provide power in the most inhos- on space. A rocket from his company, to Mars. We always use a clean room for the year,” said Richard Branson in April pitable conditions. Saft first made a Blue Origin, will launch a satellite into final battery assembly, but this battery is 2017, when asked about the goals of battery for a satellite in 1966 and will geostationary orbit by 2022. Eventually, being put together in what is effectively a his company, Virgin Galactic1. be working on some of the biggest Blue Origin will take passengers. clean room within a clean room.” The serial entrepreneur is not space programs of the coming years. “The long-term vision is millions of The peak of the Space Age was in alone in viewing space as the final people living and working in space,” Mr the 1960s, when humans first orbited frontier for business: Silicon Valley Uncovering the secrets of Bezos told a conference in March the earth and landed on the Moon. billionaires are pursuing everything 2017. The target, he said, is to “get to a the universe By the 1990s, with less investment in from sub-orbital passenger jaunts to place ultimately where it is much more space exploration, public excitement Mars colonization. In Asia, Japan’s in 2020, the European Space like commercial airlines” .6 had waned. The retirement of Nasa’s PD Aerospace and China’s Kuang-Chi Agency (ESA) will launch Euclid, on a As mentioned above, Blue Origin space shuttle in 2011 marked the end Science are exploring similar possi- six-year mission to learn more about will face competition from the likes of an era. bilities. Shuji Ogawa, CEO of PD dark energy and dark of Virgin Galactic, However, human beings are Aerospace, said: “Space tourism is a matter, which the PD Aerospace and not content to stay earthbound and universal dream, not only for the Japanese ESA says, “pose some The first Saft battery SpaceX. The biggest the flurry of activity in recent years but for all people.” 2 of the most important challenge remains to be used in a suggests the dawn of a new Space Meanwhile, the world’s space questions in funda- safety: some early satellite was in 1966 Age, one that aims to answer the agencies are continuing their explora- mental physics today”.3 pioneers might be deepest questions about our existence tion missions. The International Space euclid, which will and Saft batteries willing to accept a and allow many of us to become space Station is a permanent orbital science conduct measure- will power Euclid, the high level of risk, but travelers. lab and recent probes have landed on ments that allow it, ExoMars Rover and a passenger service comets, navigated the surface of Mars effectively, to see CHEOPS, among other will not be in busi- what the universe ness for long without looked like 10 billion missions. an impeccable safety years ago, should record. help scientists to understand more about what dark Powering the space race 1 www.telegraph.co.uk/business/ 2017/04/02/ energy and dark matter are and how sir-richard-branson-vows-have-virgin-galactic- they work. Besides safety, consistency and passengers-space/ Also launching in 2020 is the reliability are vital for space missions 2 www.cnbc.com/2017/04/12/asias-space-

ExoMars Rover, which will reach the – and that, of course, applies to the ©Fotolia/alestraza/belov1409/Masson - N ASA/JPL-Caltech tourism-players-arent-scared-of-spacex.html Red Planet in 2021 and hunt for signs batteries that power them. “Space 3 http://sci.esa.int/euclid/42267-science/ of life4. Next year, the ESA expects batteries have to cope with extreme 4 http://exploration.esa.int/mars/ to launch CHEOPS (Characterizing temperatures – anything from -20°C to the impact of landing. They must handle Satellites have batteries that are 5 http://cheops.unibe.ch/cheops-mission/execu- Exoplanet Satellite), which will gather +50°C,” says Annie Sennet, executive huge amounts of radiation and, of course, charged when sunlight is available and tive-summary/ more information about the planets vice president, Saft Space & Defense. they cannot fail. Space batteries undergo provide power when it isn’t. Landers 6 http://news.eutelsat.com/pressreleases/

© E SA that we already know are orbiting “They need to be able to withstand the three-to four-times as much testing as and probes require batteries that can eutelsat-signs-up-for-blue-origins-new-glenn- The ExoMars Rover distant stars.5 vibrations at launch and, in some cases, normal batteries.” stay dormant for a long time while the launcher-1845131

16 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 17 INNOVATION SPACE POWER INNOVATION INCUBATOR

Taking space power to the next A new incubator generation to energize the future of battery technology

Just a short drive from Washington, DC,the United Saft has: States’ national defense epicenter, Saft has established a new incubator at its Cockeysville, Maryland facility. Its Supplied nearly 35,000 main mission is to bridge the gap between fundamental cells for space flight research and close-to-production prototyping. ©Fotolia/francis bonami/Tomasz Z ajda/Danilo Rizzuti

Orbited on 768 satellites Staffed by a rotating team from launched on 325 launchers Cockeysville’s R&D, mechanical, The incubator fosters collaboration across Saft’s scientific community electrical, and software engineering to ensure that our engineers are developing products that offer departments, the incubator touches on solutions to real world problems, more effectively and more quickly. Yannick Borthomieu, Saft’s Space Over 620 million cell hours operation in orbit all industry segments and applications and Defense Product Manager, that Saft serves. sat down with Saft International ©Fotolia/Sasa Work in progress includes Magazine editors to talk about advancing cell development by the next generation of lithium-ion utilizing lithium manganese iron phos- batteries for space. The VL 51ES manufacturing process simulates the harsh environment of phate (LMFP). Compared to lithium- will be simpler, thus delivering cost outer space. The qualification process iron phosphate, this low-cost material Saft’s trailblazing battery savings and reducing the production includes various environment testing promises increased energy density technologies have accelerated space time. The cell is the building block conditions such as electrical, thermal (operating time) without compro- exploration since 1966, first helping for the rest of the battery pack vacuum, vibrations, accelerations, mising on safety. Currently the team is power the Diapason 1A satellite already qualified shocks and radiation. working to improve the LMFP cycling module-monitoring circuit board that Technological innovation is at launch. More than 50 years later, our and flight proven We provide customers life and power capability by optimizing reduces size and cost by half, when Saft’s core, and the Cockeysville legacy of reliability in orbit continues with the previous The new with a thorough data electrode structure and electrolyte compared to Saft’s legacy electronics. incubator is an exceptional example at full force. In fact, Saft is the only cell generations. VL 51ES space package of all the composition. With successful devel- The demonstration effort provided the of our pioneering efforts to further battery manufacturer to supply all Uniquely, the VL 51ES qualification tests. The opment Saft will be able to produce confidence needed to propose the new technology and commercial three battery technologies used in is being developed cell can sustain VL 51ES will be fully extremely safe cells (similar to iron electronics in a large defense project applications through new chemistries, space, including nickel-based, primary and manufactured in qualified in 2018. phosphate today) without sacrificing with critical space constraints. and mechanical and electrical designs. lithium and lithium-ion (Li-ion). both France and the 18-year life As new space energy density in comparison to tradi- Saft not only takes great pride With great pride in improving the To address the ever-evolving power United States, bringing time missions. exploration endeavors tional lithium-ion (Li-ion) chemistry in improving the future of battery industry, Saft is investing in research demands of space missions, we together a global team take flight and satellite based cells. Thus, answering the need technology, but also in the community’s. and innovation and will continue developed our latest generation space of experts from various technologies continue for next-generation technology that In partnership with the University of to develop next-generation battery battery cell, the VL 51ES, that delivers divisions. to evolve, we look forward to working brings higher performance, enhanced Maryland, the Cockeysville incubator systems for future applications. exceptional energy density. Containing We collaborate with customers with customers to develop customized, safety and advanced functionality. works with graduate students to learn “If you’d like to see what we’re specifically selected positive and throughout the entire process – from state-of-the-art battery systems that The incubator fosters collaboration about industry advancements and currently working on, or share insight into negative electrode materials, this the cell chemistry development, provide unparalleled energy in orbit. across Saft’s scientific community to innovative technologies in tandem, upcoming technology challenges you’ve sixth-generation space cell can electrode coating and manufacturing, ensure that our engineers are develo- collaborating on real-time projects, identified within your own business, sustain 18-year life time missions. It to battery assembly, integration, yannick.borthomieu ping products that offer solutions to as well as cases from the students’ we’d love to hear from you,” highlights is designed to power GEO1 and MEO2 testing and in-orbit support. To @saftbatteries.com real world problems, more effectively coursework. These mutually beneficial Carine Margez the Cockeysville space applications, LEO3 satellites ensure the battery will provide energy and more quickly. For instance, the partnerships allow our experts to incubator leader. 1 GEO: Geosynchronous Orbit such as radars, and other high energy for the full mission without failure 2 MEO: Medium Elliptical Orbit electrical engineering team members explore new ideas and the students to space applications. we performed rigorous testing that 3 LEO: Low Earth Orbit designed and demonstrated a new gain real world experience. [email protected]

18 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 19 INNOVATION RESEARCH INNOVATION RESEARCH

Three battery technologies that could power our future

The world needs more power, different chemicals and materials SODIUM-ION preferably in a form that’s clean for these affects the properties of and renewable. Our energy-storage the battery – how much energy it can What is it? strategies are currently shaped by store and output, how much power it The way that sodium-ion (Na-ion) lithium-ion batteries – at the cutting can provide or the number of times it batteries work is similar to lithium-ion can be discharged and recharged (also edge of such technology – but what (Li-ion) batteries; as the name called cycling capacity). can we look forward to in years to suggests, the main difference is the Battery companies are constantly replacement of lithium by sodium. come? experimenting to find chemistries that A variety of sodium-based materials are cheaper, denser, lighter and more can be used as the battery’s positive

Let’s begin with some battery powerful. electrode, which is decisive when it ©Fotolia/artemegorov basics. A battery is a pack of one comes to performance - longer life or or more cells, each of which has a We spoke to Saft Research Director cycling capacity for example. Patrick Bernard, who explained positive electrode (the cathode), a LITHIUM-SULFUR improve its life expectancy and to What are its advantages? three new battery technologies with negative electrode (the anode), a What are its advantages? continue to increase specific energy The first huge advantage is a transformative potential. separator and an electrolyte. Using na-ion batteries offer numerous What is it? density. It is not expected to be ready marked improvement in safety at cell advantages. The main one is that they in Li-ion batteries, the active mate- for applications requiring long battery and battery levels: inorganic solid are cheaper than Li-ion batteries (by rials are layered between the lithium life for at least five years. electrolytes are non-flammable when up to 30 per cent per cell). However, ions in stable host structures during heated, unlike their liquid counter- this technology will not be able to charge and discharge. In lithium- SOLID-STATE parts. Second, it permits the use of compete with Li-ion in terms of energy sulfur (Li-S) batteries, there are no innovative, high-voltage high-capacity density – neither by weight nor volume host structures. While discharging, the What is it? materials, enabling denser, lighter – and could only be used for stationary lithium anode is consumed and sulfur Solid-state batteries represent a batteries with improved safety perfor- applications where this is not a major transformed into a variety of chemical paradigm shift in terms of technology. mance and better shelf-life as a result requirement. These might include compounds; during charging, the In modern Li-ion batteries, ions move of reduced self-discharge. As the storing excess electricity generated reverse process takes place. from one electrode to another across batteries can exhibit a high power-to- by renewable energy sources such as the liquid electrolyte (also called weight ratio, they may be ideal for use solar or wind power. What are its advantages? ionic conductivity). In all-solid-state in electric vehicles. A Li-S battery uses very light batteries, the liquid electrolyte is When can we expect it? active materials: sulfur in the posi- replaced by a solid compound which When can we expect it? Many of the cell components and tive electrode and metallic lithium as nevertheless allows lithium ions to Several kinds of all-solid-state manufacturing processes are the the negative electrode. This is why its migrate within it. This concept is far batteries are likely to come to market same as for current Li-ion batteries. theoretical energy density is extraor- from new, but over the past 10 years as technological progress continues. The main development is focused on dinarily high: four times greater than – thanks to intensive worldwide The first could be solid-state batteries electrode materials. Na-ion batteries that of Li-ion. That makes it a good fit research – new families of solid elec- with graphite-based anodes, bringing might be ready to enter production in for the aviation and space industries. trolytes have been discovered with improved energy performance and

©CAPA three to four years’ time. very high ionic conductivity, similar to safety. In time, lighter solid-state Saft Research Director, Patrick Bernard When can we expect it? liquid electrolyte, allowing this partic- battery technologies using a metallic Li-S technology needs further ular technological barrier to be over- lithium anode should become [email protected] research and development work to come. commercially available.

20 SAFT Magazine #36 SAFT Magazine #36 21 Contacts Events

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22 SAFT Magazine #36 Saft, your partner in space for 50 years

Largest fleet of Li-ion batteries in space

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