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Bull. Oeol. Soc. Am., Vol. 61 Habdy and Zeller, Pl. 1 Explanation BULL. OEOL. SOC. AM., VOL. 61 HABDY AND ZELLER, PL. 1 EXPLANATION SCALE OF MILE I-9OOO' Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/64/11/1261/3426559/i0016-7606-64-11-1261.pdf h 8000' by guest on 03 October 2021 BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA VOL. 64, PP. 1261-1278. 3 FIGS.. 3 PLS. NOVEMBER 1953 GEOLOGY OF THE WEST-CENTRAL PART OF THE GUNNISON PLATEAU, UTAH BY CLYDE T. HARDY AND HOWARD D. ZELLER ABSTRACT A detailed study of the west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau, Utah, has disclosed stratigraphic and structural relations important in the geological history of central Utah. The area mapped includes the east- ern half of the Axtell No. 2 quadrangle, Manti area (U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service). The bedrock ranges in age from the Arapien shale (Upper Jurassic) to the Green River formation (Eo- cene). The North Horn formation (Cretaceous-Tertiary), the Flagstaff limestone (Paleocene-Eocene), and the Green River formation (Eocene) successively overlap the Arapien shale and the Indianola group in the northern part of the area. In the southern part of the area, the North Horn formation and the Flagstaff limestone successively overlap the Price River conglomerate with angular discordance. The latter relation establishes a post-Price River and pre-North Horn orogenic movement in central Utah. A conspicuous west-dipping monocline, broken by many high-angle faults and a graben, extends along most of the western margin of the area. This structure is similar to the monocline and graben in the Wasatch Plateau to the east. At one point in the northern part of the area, the North Horn and the overlying Flag- staff oppose the Arapien shale across a high-angle fault. The Green River formation extends across the fault and overlaps the Arapien. This relation suggests faulting between Flagstaff and Green River time because the Colton formation, which normally occurs between the Flagstaff and Green River, cannot be differenti- ated in this immediate area. Numerous small intrusive masses of monzonite porphyry of post-Upper Jurassic age occur in the Arapien shale. CONTENTS TEXT Page Page Geologic history 1277 Introduction 1262 References cited 1278 Location 1262 Major geologic features 1262 Topography and drainage 1264 Previous investigations 1264 Acknowledgments 1264 Flgure Paee Stratigraphic systems 1264 l- Index map of central Utah 1262 Jurassic system 1264 2- Chart showing lithologic changes in the Arapien shale 1264 Flagstaff limestone and the North Horn Cretaceous system 1266 formation 1269 Indianola group (undifferentiated) 1266 3- Schematic diagrams showing development Price River formation 1267 of pre-Green River fault 1276 Cretaceous-Tertiary system 1269 North Horn formation 1269 Tertiary system 1270 ate Facin« Pa«e Flagstaff limestone 1270 *• Geologic map of the west-central part of Colton formation 1272 tne Gunnison Plateau, Utah 1261 Green River formation 1272 2- Angular unconformities 1276 Igneous rocks 1274 3- Graben and monocline 1277 Structure 1275 Regional structural relations 1275 Major structural features 1275 TABLE Monocline and associated structures. 1275 Graben 1275 Table Page Pre-North Horn structure 1277 1. Formations in west-central part of the Pre-Green River fault 1277 Gunnison Plateau, Utah 1263 1261 Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/64/11/1261/3426559/i0016-7606-64-11-1261.pdf by guest on 03 October 2021 1262 HARDY AND ZELLER—GEOLOGY OF THE GUNNISON PLATEAU, UTAH FIGURE 1.—INDEX MAP OF CENTRAL UTAH INTRODUCTION The area described in this report (Fig. 1) extends from near Levan, Utah, southward In 1947 and 1948 the writers independently to Fayette, Utah, which is about 5 miles north- investigated the stratigraphy and structure west of Gunnison. It extends eastward to the of adjacent areas in the west-central part of divide in the central part of the Gunnison the Gunnison Plateau, Utah. These studies Plateau. The area includes the eastern half are summarized in this paper. of the Axtell No. 2 quadrangle, Manti area (U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Soil Conservation LOCATION Service), and is about 6 miles wide and 16 miles long. The Gunnison Plateau, about 100 miles south of Salt Lake City, extends southward MAJOR GEOLOGIC FEATURES from near Nephi, Utah, for 35 miles to Gun- nison, Utah, and is about 11 miles in width. The exposed bedrock (Table 1; PL 1) ranges The plateau is separated from Mt. Nebo, at in age from Upper Jurassic (Arapien shale) to the southern extremity of the Wasatch Moun- Eocene (Green River formation). The Arapien tains, by Salt Creek Canyon, east of Nephi, shale forms rugged foothills in the northwestern Utah. part of the area and contains numerous small Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/64/11/1261/3426559/i0016-7606-64-11-1261.pdf by guest on 03 October 2021 1264 HARDY AND ZELLER—GEOLOGY OF THE GUNNISON PLATEAU, UTAH conspicuous graben with displacement of about 1925, p. 445, 448-449; Spieker, 1946, p. 123- 1000-1500 feet. Along the western margin of 124, 127, 130-133, 139). Spieker recently sum- the central part of the Gunnison Plateau, the marized his views on the geologic history of Flagstaff limestone and related formations dip central Utah in a guidebook of the Utah westward in a pronounced monoclinal flexure. Geological Society (Spieker, 1949). TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Gunnison Plateau is a relatively narrow The authors are indebted to E. M. Spieker, upland which rises from the Sevier Valley near under whose direction the work was done, for Gunnison, Utah, to an elevation of almost advice and criticism both in the field and in 10,000 feet near the northern end. The sur- the preparation of preliminary reports. William face of the plateau is maturely dissected. The N. Gilliland and Siegfried Muessig offered in- margins are, in general, steep although lower valuable consultation in the field in 1947 and foothills parallel the conglomerate escarpments in 1948, respectively. Carl A. Lamey identified along the western side. Elevations range from the igneous rocks, and N. M. Denson read the about 5200 feet in Sevier and Juab valleys, manuscript. west of the plateau, to about 8900 feet in the central portion. STRATIGRAPHIC SYSTEMS The west-central part of the Gunnison Plateau is dissected by eight major canyons Jurassic System which trend nearly at right angles to the margin of the plateau. Small streams in the Arapien shale.—The Arapien shale was de- five northern canyons are fed by springs and fined by Spieker (1946, p. 123-124) as a forma- flow at diminishing rates throughout the sum- tion with two members: (1) the lower Twelve- mer. This area lies almost entirely west of the mile Canyon member, and (2) the upper Twist drainage divide in the central part of the Gun- Gulch member. In the west-central part of the nison Plateau. Gunnison Plateau, the Twelvemile Canyon member forms rugged foothills which extend PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS from the northern boundary of the area south- ward to about 1 mile north of Criss Creek. At E. E. Ho well prepared several excellent cross this point it disappears beneath the Green sections of the Gunnison Plateau, which were River formation (PI. 2, fig. 1). The Twist included by Button (1880, pi. facing p. 162) Gulch member crops out in the valley of the in the Report on the geology of the High Plateaus north fork of Little Salt Creek and is exposed of Utah. Meinzer (1911, p. 67-74) briefly de- continuously from there to the northern end scribed the western margin of the Gunnison of the Gunnison Plateau. This unit, which is Plateau in a report pertaining to water re- less resistant than the overlying Indianola sources of Juab, Millard, and Iron counties, conglomerate, forms a distinct break in slope Utah. Recent work in the Gunnison Plateau below the prominent cliff of conglomerate. was initiated by Gilliland in 1946 as part of a All the lithologic types recognized elsewhere in survey of the Gunnison quadrangle (Gilliland, the Twelvemile Canyon member are present in 1951). R. E. Hunt (unpublished dissertation) this area (Spieker, 1946, p. 124). The lowermost completed a study of the northern part of the exposed stratigraphic unit is a thin-bedded dark- Gunnison Plateau in 1950, and numerous gray limestone, with some inter bedded gypsum, theses of The Ohio State University, in addi- which weathers light gray. It is closely folded tion to Hunt's dissertation, describe the geology and highly fractured. Hardy and R. E. Hunt of the eastern part of the Gunnison Plateau have measured a minimum thickness of about (Hunt, Taylor, Babisak, unpublished theses). 800 feet for this unit in Chicken Creek Can- In the Wasatch Plateau and near-by areas yon, east of Levan, Utah. A succession of gray in central Utah Spieker and others have recog- shale and red shale with gypsum overlies the nized all formations found in the western part limestone in the west-central part of the plateau. of the Gunnison Plateau (Spieker and Reeside, An alternation of gray shale, sandstone, and Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/gsabulletin/article-pdf/64/11/1261/3426559/i0016-7606-64-11-1261.pdf by guest on 03 October 2021 STRATIGRAPHIC SYSTEMS 1265 some limestone overlies this unit. The latter Thickness succession is estimated to be at least 1500 feet ^ . , , , , . , ™ , , , , to coarse-grained, clay nodules; thick. The sandstone in a few places forms sandstone, buff to brown, in upper massive beds which commonly contain clay part 10.0 nodules, ripple marks, and some cross-bedding. (22) Shale and sandstone, like Unit 13. ... 7.5 The limestone is generally sandy or argilla- (21) Shale, green gray, calcareous, fissile..
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