Land-Use Planning Methodology and Middle-Ground Planning Theories
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Slum Clearance in Havana in an Age of Revolution, 1930-65
SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 by Jesse Lewis Horst Bachelor of Arts, St. Olaf College, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2012 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Jesse Horst It was defended on July 28, 2016 and approved by Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science Edward Muller, Professor, Department of History Lara Putnam, Professor and Chair, Department of History Co-Chair: George Reid Andrews, Distinguished Professor, Department of History Co-Chair: Alejandro de la Fuente, Robert Woods Bliss Professor of Latin American History and Economics, Department of History, Harvard University ii Copyright © by Jesse Horst 2016 iii SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 Jesse Horst, M.A., PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 This dissertation examines the relationship between poor, informally housed communities and the state in Havana, Cuba, from 1930 to 1965, before and after the first socialist revolution in the Western Hemisphere. It challenges the notion of a “great divide” between Republic and Revolution by tracing contentious interactions between technocrats, politicians, and financial elites on one hand, and mobilized, mostly-Afro-descended tenants and shantytown residents on the other hand. The dynamics of housing inequality in Havana not only reflected existing socio- racial hierarchies but also produced and reconfigured them in ways that have not been systematically researched. -
Thriving Communities Coalition Proposal for Comprehensive Planning
Thriving Communities Coalition Proposal for Comprehensive Planning I. Principles & Comprehensive Planning Mandate ......................................... 2 II. Needs Assessment .................................................................................. 3 A. Community-Level Assessment of Current Local Needs, Access to Opportunity, and Displacement Risk 3 B. Borough-Level 8 C. Citywide Assessment of Projected Future Needs 8 III. Goal-Setting Based on Need .................................................................... 9 1. Growth & Investment Goals By Place ........................................................................... 9 2. Addressing the Needs of Disadvantaged Populations ................................................ 11 IV. Creation of Comprehensive Plan ........................................................... 11 A. Land Use & Infrastructure Framework 12 B. Strategic Policy Statement 12 C. Budgeting 13 1. Ten-Year Capital Plan ................................................................................................. 13 2. Four-Year Expense Plan .............................................................................................. 13 V. Implement, Track, Report & Enforce ..................................................... 13 A. Implementation 13 1. Community Land Use & Infrastructure Planning ........................................................ 13 2. Policy ........................................................................................................................... 15 3. -
Urbanistica N. 146 April-June 2011
Urbanistica n. 146 April-June 2011 Distribution by www.planum.net Index and english translation of the articles Paolo Avarello The plan is dead, long live the plan edited by Gianfranco Gorelli Urban regeneration: fundamental strategy of the new structural Plan of Prato Paolo Maria Vannucchi The ‘factory town’: a problematic reality Michela Brachi, Pamela Bracciotti, Massimo Fabbri The project (pre)view Riccardo Pecorario The path from structure Plan to urban design edited by Carla Ferrari A structural plan for a ‘City of the wine’: the Ps of the Municipality of Bomporto Projects and implementation Raffaella Radoccia Co-planning Pto in the Val Pescara Mariangela Virno Temporal policies in the Abruzzo Region Stefano Stabilini, Roberto Zedda Chronographic analysis of the Urban systems. The case of Pescara edited by Simone Ombuen The geographical digital information in the planning ‘knowledge frameworks’ Simone Ombuen The european implementation of the Inspire directive and the Plan4all project Flavio Camerata, Simone Ombuen, Interoperability and spatial planners: a proposal for a land use Franco Vico ‘data model’ Flavio Camerata, Simone Ombuen What is a land use data model? Giuseppe De Marco Interoperability and metadata catalogues Stefano Magaudda Relationships among regional planning laws, ‘knowledge fra- meworks’ and Territorial information systems in Italy Gaia Caramellino Towards a national Plan. Shaping cuban planning during the fifties Profiles and practices Rosario Pavia Waterfrontstory Carlos Smaniotto Costa, Monica Bocci Brasilia, the city of the future is 50 years old. The urban design and the challenges of the Brazilian national capital Michele Talia To research of one impossible balance Antonella Radicchi On the sonic image of the city Marco Barbieri Urban grapes. -
Chapter 2: the Goals & Objectives Comprehensive Plan 2025
CChhaapptteerr 22:: TThhee GGooaallss && OObbjjeeccttiivveess CCoommpprreehheennssiivvee PPllaann 22002255 Goals & Objectives A Community Vision The City of Greenville has taken an important step in guiding its future with the decision to undertake this comprehensive planning process. The purpose of the Goals & Objectives chapter of the Comprehensive Plan is to state clear goals for the City and to identify clear directions that should be taken to achieve such goals. It is the goals and objectives established herein that will determine the focus of the Comprehensive Plan recommendations contained within subsequent chapters. In essence, Greenville’s Comprehensive Plan should reflect: …public decision-making, which emphasizes explicit goal-choice and rational goals-means determination, so that decisions can be based on the goals people are seeking and on the most effective programs to achieve them. People and Plans: Essays on Urban Problems and Solutions, Herbert J. Gans, Preface, pg. vii Identifying and establishing a community vision are important parts of the process of identifying goals and objectives. The following vision statement was devised during the comprehensive planning process. This vision statement has been used as a guide in establishing the goals and objectives within this chapter and in determining Plan recommendations. The City of Greenville should be a community that is safe, friendly, and family-oriented where residents enjoy affordable homes, quiet, safe neighborhoods, and a positive community spirit; the City should attract and promote thriving businesses which provide goods and services for our community and the surrounding area. Illustration 2-1 A Clear Vision Is Important for the Future of Greenville Comprehensive Plan 2025 2-1 Chapter 2 Goals & Objectives Chapter 2 2-2 Comprehensive Plan 2025 Goals & Objectives Issue Identification At the February 4th, 2003 Steering Committee meeting, Committee members were asked to identify major issues that they thought Greenville was currently facing or would face in the future. -
City and Regional Planning 1
City and Regional Planning 1 with expertise in community and economic development, transportation City and Regional planning, urban design, international development, environmental planning, and global urbanism. With close ties to numerous research Planning centers and initiatives, the program encourages its students to develop specializations within the field of urban studies and planning and to expand their intellectual horizons through training in the related fields of The mission of the Department of City and Regional Planning at UC architecture, landscape architecture and environmental planning, civil Berkeley is to improve equity, the economy and the environment in engineering, anthropology, geography, sociology, public policy, public neighborhoods, communities, cities, and metropolitan regions by creating health, and political science. knowledge and engagement through our teaching, research, and service. We aim to design and create cities, infrastructure, and public services Admission to the University that are sustainable, affordable, enjoyable, and accessible to all. Minimum Requirements for Admission Wisely and successfully intervening in the public realm, whether locally, The following minimum requirements apply to all graduate programs and nationally, or globally, is a challenge. Our urban future is complex and will be verified by the Graduate Division: rapidly changing. Resource scarcity and conflict, technological innovation, retrofitting of existing built environments, and social empowerment will 1. A bachelor’s degree or recognized equivalent from an accredited alter the ways in which planning has conventionally been carried out. institution; We believe the planning academy has a special responsibility to always 2. A grade point average of B or better (3.0); address social justice, equity, and ethics; to teach and research means 3. -
Integrating Infill Planning in California's General
Integrating Infill Planning in California’s General Plans: A Policy Roadmap Based on Best-Practice Communities September 2014 Center for Law, Energy & the Environment (CLEE)1 University of California Berkeley School of Law 1 This report was researched and authored by Christopher Williams, Research Fellow at the Center for Law, Energy and the Environment (CLEE) at the University of California, Berkeley School of Law. Ethan Elkind, Associate Director of Climate Change and Business Program at CLEE, served as project director. Additional contributions came from Terry Watt, AICP, of Terrell Watt Planning Consultant, and Chris Calfee, Senior Counsel; Seth Litchney, General Plan Guidelines Project Manager; and Holly Roberson, Land Use Council at the California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR), among other stakeholder reviewers. 1 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Land Use Element ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Find and prioritize infill types most appropriate to your community .......................................... 5 1.2 Make an inclusive list of potential infill parcels, including brownfields ....................................... 9 1.3 Apply simplified mixed-use zoning designations in infill priority areas ...................................... 10 1.4 Influence design choices to -
Austin, Texas Marie Le Guen
Special Issue Urbanities, Vol. 7 · No 2 · November 2017 The Dreams and Nightmares of City Development © 2017 Urbanities Urban Transformations, Ideologies of Planning and Actors’ Interplay in a Booming City — Austin, Texas Marie Le Guen (University Lumière Lyon 2) [email protected] The city of Austin, state capital of Texas, has been experiencing an impressive process of metropolization, while growing very quickly, since the end of the twentieth century. Its successful adaptation to the economy’s global trends and the growth it brings about are destabilizing Austin’s planning system, which is already very constrained in Texas’ most conservative political framework. Increasing tensions between established groups of actors and the emergence of newer ones prompt several changes in the professional and civic culture of the various actors involved in the urban planning field. These changes arise from the fact that these groups of actors are confronted with urban mutations never seen before. The ideology of planning, its meanings and its practices, are also evolving in this economic and social context, allowing for a larger citizens’ participation and putting sustainability on the political agenda. Keywords: Urban planning, public participation, democracy, sustainable development. Introduction Since the end of the twentieth century, Austin, the state capital of Texas, has experienced tremendous population and economic growth, as well as a diversification of its urban functions, which can be condensed into the process called metropolization. Exhibited as a ‘creative city’ (Florida 2002), Austin embodies a successful adaptation to the global trends. The quick growth, partly resulting from this adaptation, is fuelling urban sprawl, causing environmental degradation, and destabilizing its planning system. -
Choosing a Career in Urban and Regional Planning
Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning Choosing a Career 6311 Mallard Trace Drive, Tallahassee, FL 32312 Phone: 850.385.2054 • Fax: 850.385.2084 in Urban and Email: [email protected] www.acsp.org Regional Planning 2008 Edition This CAREER GUIDE was prepared as a public service by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning (ACSP), a consortium of university based programs offering degrees and credentials in urban and regional planning. ACSP hopes to encourage a wide range of high school and undergraduate students to consider a rewarding and challenging career in planning. ACSP promotes education, research, service, and outreach in the United States and throughout the world by seeking to: • recognize diverse needs and interests in planning; • strengthen the role of planning education in colleges and universities through publications, conferences, and community engagement; • improve and enhance the accreditation process, and; • extend planning beyond the classroom into the world of practice. If you are interested in a career in which you can help your community, influence the direction of growth and change, and build a better future, you should read this CAREER GUIDE. Our Objectives This GUIDE is designed to show you: • how fulfilling a career in planning might be; • the wide variety of jobs which urban and regional planners do; • the kind of education and training you need to become a planner; • the range of universities which offer planning education and training; and; • how you might choose a university planning program matched -
Overview to the Comprehensive Plan I. History of Planning
Overview to the Comprehensive Plan I. History of Planning When North America was settled by the Europeans, many of the new cities were laid out according to a plan. Some plans stressed a grid pattern for efficient movement of citizens and troops (like Santa Fe, Mobile and Savannah). Other plans, like that of New York, with hundreds of rectangular blocks and no alleys, were based on a plan to get the most money for land speculators. Another city, Washington, D.C., was planned with long radiating avenues and grand plazas to show the World, through its capital city, how great America was and how great America would become. Modern planning, with its emphasis on zoning, housing and transportation, grew out of the efforts of nineteenth century reformers seeking to improve conditions in America's cities. These poor conditions were largely a result of the waves of immigrants coming from Europe. New York, strained by its swelling population, implemented housing reform known as tenement laws. Soon, other major cities around the country then began more elaborate urban improvement projects in what was known as the City Beautiful Movement. Later, in the first part of the twentieth century, cities across the country began to enact zoning and subdivision regulations in an attempt to improve urban conditions through the control of land. With the popularity of the automobile and the end of World War II, cities expanded outward and municipal governments turned to planning as an attempt to contend with the sprawling city. Today, planning continues to focus on the improvement of the urban environment through urban design, planning for housing, historic preservation, environmental planning and transportation planning Planning in Mobile has developed in a similar manner. -
What Is a Regional Land Use Plan?
WHAT IS A REGIONAL LAND USE PLAN? Helsinki-Uusimaa Regional Council 2016 THE HELSINKI-UUSIMAA REGION – A GROWING CAPITAL BY THE BALTIC SEA The Helsinki-Uusimaa Region lies on the and one of the fastest growing areas south coast of Finland, with the Baltic in Europe, as well. It is a diverse Sea playing a major role in its life. This area consisting of lively centres with vital region is the largest demographic encircling suburbs, wide rural areas and and consumption area in the country, areas in a natural state. 2 LAHTI RIIHIMÄKI PUKKILA LAPINJÄRVI MYRSKYLÄ HYVINKÄÄ MÄNTSÄLÄ KARKKILA ASKOLA JÄRVENPÄÄ PORNAINEN NURMIJÄRVI LOVIISA SALO TUUSULA VIHTI KERAVA PORVOO SIPOO LOHJA VANTAA KAUNIAINEN SIUNTIO ESPOO HELSINKI KIRKKO NUMMI INGÅ RASEBORG FINLAND HANKO HELSINKI-UUSIMAA 0 10 20 30 km REGION NORWAY Helsinki SWEDEN RUSSIA Baltic Sea ESTONIA 0 10 20 30 © Uusimaa Regional Council km LATVIA DENMARK IRELAND LITHUANIA UNITED RUSSIA KINGDOM POLAND BELARUS GERMANY BELGIUM LUXEMBOURG CZECH UKRAINE REPUBLIC SLOVAKIA FRANCE FACTS ABOUT THE HELSINKI-UUSIMAASWITZERLAND REGION:AUSTRIA HUNGARY MOLDOVA SLOVENIA ROMANIA CROATIA ITALY ANDORRA MONACO BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA SPAIN SERBIA • 1.6 million inhabitantsPORTUGAL, about 29 % of the Finnish population BULGARIA MONTENEGRO MACEDONIA • Population growth 17,000 inhabitants in 2015 ALBANIA TURKEY GREECE • Share of total labour force in Finland: about 32 % • Share of Finland’s GDP: about 38 % 3 REGIONAL LAND USE PLANNING The regional land use planning helps to The regional land use plan has an overall steer the everyday life: where to locate character and aims at the future; it is the housing, work places, services and made for the whole region. -
Infill Development Standards and Policy Guide
Infill Development Standards and Policy Guide STUDY PREPARED BY CENTER FOR URBAN POLICY RESEARCH EDWARD J. BLOUSTEIN SCHOOL OF PLANNING & PUBLIC POLICY RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY with the participation of THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR SMART GROWTH RESEARCH AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND COLLEGE PARK, MARYLAND and SCHOOR DEPALMA MANALAPAN, NEW JERSEY STUDY PREPARED FOR NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS (NJDCA) DIVISION OF CODES AND STANDARDS and NEW JERSEY MEADOWLANDS COMMISSION (NJMC) NEW JERSEY OFFICE OF SMART GROWTH (NJOSG) June, 2006 DRAFT—NOT FOR QUOTATION ii CONTENTS Part One: Introduction and Synthesis of Findings and Recommendations Chapter 1. Smart Growth and Infill: Challenge, Opportunity, and Best Practices……………………………………………………………...…..2 Part Two: Infill Development Standards and Policy Guide Section I. General Provisions…………………….…………………………….....33 II. Definitions and Development and Area Designations ………….....36 III. Land Acquisition………………………………………………….……40 IV. Financing for Infill Development ……………………………..……...43 V. Property Taxes……………………………………………………….....52 VI. Procedure………………………………………………………………..57 VII. Design……………………………………………………………….…..68 VIII. Zoning…………………………………………………………………...79 IX. Subdivision and Site Plan…………………………………………….100 X. Documents to be Submitted……………………………………….…135 XI. Design Details XI-1 Lighting………………………………………………….....145 XI-2 Signs………………………………………………………..156 XI-3 Landscaping…………………………………………….....167 Part Three: Background on Infill Development: Challenges -
What Is Planning? Forward-Looking Reaching an Agreement
What is Planning? Forward-looking Reaching an agreement Planning Theory 1) procedural 2) substantive (housing, environment, transportation..) Procedural Theory: 1) Synoptic Rationality a. (1) Goal-setting (2) Identification of policy alternatives (3) Evaluation of means against ends (4) Implementation of the preferred alternative b. Multiple iterations, feedback loops and sub-processes c. Advantage is basic simplicity 2) Incremental Planning (Lindblom, 1959) a. Dismissed rational-comprehensive planning as an impractical ideal b. A science of muddling through: A modest step by step approach which aims at realizable improvements to an existing situation. 3) Advocacy Planning (Paul Davidoff, 1965) a. Challenged the traditional view of “public interest” b. Applied to defending the interest of weak or poorly represented groups, such as low-income, environmental activists, minorities, the disadvantaged etc. c. A direct result of this theory: increasing requirements for environmental, social, and financial impact reports to accompany large scale project proposals. Steps in the Planning Process: 9 Steps (Anderson, 1995) 1) Identify issues and options 2) State goals, objectives, priorities 3) Collect and interpret data 4) Prepare plans 5) Draft programs for implementing the plan 6) Evaluate potential impacts of plans and implementation programs 7) Review and adopt plans 8) Review and adopt plan-implementing programs 9) Administer implementing programs, monitor their impacts Citizen participation: GIS: map making. Advantage: 1) incorporate layers of data for example, a parcel’s property value & housing tenure & zoning classification & condition of the structure….2) used to do “what if analysis” 3) present info at different scales Planning History 1) Public Health Movement a. to guarantee government involvement in public health and safety of the worker.