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Assessing Non-Consensual Human Experimentation During the War on Terror
ACEVES_FINAL(DO NOT DELETE) 11/26/2018 9:05 AM INTERROGATION OR EXPERIMENTATION? ASSESSING NON-CONSENSUAL HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION DURING THE WAR ON TERROR WILLIAM J. ACEVES* The prohibition against non-consensual human experimentation has long been considered sacrosanct. It traces its legal roots to the Nuremberg trials although the ethical foundations dig much deeper. It prohibits all forms of medical and scientific experimentation on non-consenting individuals. The prohibition against non-consensual human experimentation is now well established in both national and international law. Despite its status as a fundamental and non-derogable norm, the prohibition against non-consensual human experimentation was called into question during the War on Terror by the CIA’s treatment of “high-value detainees.” Seeking to acquire actionable intelligence, the CIA tested the “theory of learned helplessness” on these detainees by subjecting them to a series of enhanced interrogation techniques. This Article revisits the prohibition against non-consensual human experimentation to determine whether the CIA’s treatment of detainees violated international law. It examines the historical record that gave rise to the prohibition and its eventual codification in international law. It then considers the application of this norm to the CIA’s treatment of high-value detainees by examining Salim v. Mitchell, a lawsuit brought by detainees who were subjected to enhanced interrogation techniques. This Article concludes that the CIA breached the prohibition against non-consensual human experimentation when it conducted systematic studies on these detainees to validate the theory of learned helplessness. Copyright © 2018 William J. Aceves *Dean Steven R. Smith Professor of Law at California Western School of Law. -
United States District Court Eastern District Of
Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ ECF No. 239 filed 08/07/17 PageID.9393 Page 1 of 43 1 2 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 3 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 4 5 SULEIMAN ABDULLAH SALIM, et al., ) ) 6 ) No. CV-15-0286-JLQ Plaintiffs, ) 7 ) MEMORANDUM OPINION ) RE: MOTIONS FOR SUMMARY 8 vs. ) JUDGMENT ) 9 ) JAMES E. MITCHELL and JOHN ) 10 JESSEN, ) ) 11 Defendants. ) ___________________________________ ) 12 BEFORE THE COURT are Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment (ECF No. 13 169), Plaintiffs’ Motion for Partial Summary Judgment (ECF No. 178), and Defendants’ 14 Motion to Exclude (ECF No. 198). Response and Reply briefs have been filed and 15 considered. The parties have submitted a voluminous record of over 4,000 pages of 16 evidentiary exhibits. The court heard oral argument on the Motions on July 28, 2017. 17 James Smith, Henry Schuelke, III, Brian Paszamant, and Christopher Tompkins appeared 18 for Defendants James Mitchell and John Jessen. Hina Shamsi, Steven Watt, Dror Ladin, 19 Lawrence Lustberg, and Jeffry Finer appeared for Plaintiffs Suleiman Abdullah Salim, 20 Mohamed Ahmed Ben Soud, and Obaid Ullah. The court issued its preliminary oral 21 ruling. This Opinion memorializes and supplements the court’s oral ruling. 22 I. Introduction and Factual Allegations from Complaint 23 The Complaint in this matter alleges Plaintiffs Suleiman Abdullah Salim (“Salim”), 24 Mohamed Ahmed Ben Soud (“Soud”), and Gul Rahman (“Rahman”)1(collectively herein 25 Plaintiffs) were the victims of psychological and physical torture. Plaintiffs are all 26 27 1Obaid Ullah is the personal representative of the Estate of Gul Rahman. 28 ORDER - 1 Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ ECF No. -
United States District Court for the District of Columbia
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, ELECTRONIC PRIVACY INFORMATION CENTER, AMERICAN BOOKSELLERS FOUNDATION FOR FREE EXPRESSION, and FREEDOM TO READ FOUNDATION, Civil Action Plaintiffs, No. 02-CV-2077 (ESH) v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, Defendant. MEMORANDUM IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS’ CROSS-MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT AND OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT DAVID L. SOBEL D.C. Bar No. 360418 Electronic Privacy Information Center 1718 Connecticut Ave., N.W., Suite 200 Washington, DC 20009 ANN BEESON JAMEEL JAFFER American Civil Liberties Union Foundation 125 Broad St. New York, NY 10004 ARTHUR B. SPITZER D.C. Bar No. 235960 American Civil Liberties Union of the National Capital Area 1400 20th St., N.W. #119 Washington, DC 20036 Counsel for Plaintiffs INTRODUCTION In this action, Plaintiffs challenge the government's refusal to disclose aggregate, statistical data concerning implementation of controversial new surveillance powers authorized by Congress in the wake of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. These new powers raise potentially serious implications for constitutionally protected rights and, accordingly, there is widespread public concern about their scope and implementation. Plaintiffs filed this litigation after defendant Department of Justice (“DOJ”) failed to respond expeditiously to a request under the Freedom of Information Act (“FOIA”), 5 U.S.C. § 552. The request sought records related to Defendant’s implementation of the USA PATRIOT Act (“Patriot Act” or “Act”), Pub. L. No. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272 (Oct. 26, 2001), legislation that dramatically expanded the government’s authority to engage in intrusive surveillance of people living in the United States. -
Mitchell James 01.16.17.Ptx
Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ Document 176-1 Filed 05/22/17 Exhibit 1 Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ Document 176-1 Filed 05/22/17 Page 1 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON AT SPOKANE - - - SULEIMAN ABDULLAH : SALIM, MOHOMED AHMED : DOCKET NO. BEN SOUD, OBAID ULLAH : (as personal : 2:15-CV-286-JLQ representative of GUL : RAHMAN), : : Plaintiffs, : : v. : : JAMES ELMER MITCHELL : and JOHN "BRUCE" : JESSEN, : : Defendants. : - - - Monday, January 16, 2017 - - - Videotaped deposition of JAMES E. MITCHELL taken pursuant to notice, was held at the law offices of Blank Rome, 130 N. 18th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103, beginning at 10:13 AM, on the above date, before Constance S. Kent, a Registered Professional Reporter and Notary Public in and for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. * * * MAGNA LEGAL SERVICES (866) 624-6221 www.MagnaLS.com Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ Document 176-1 Filed 05/22/17 Page 6 Page 8 1 NO. DESCRIPTION PAGE 1 THE VIDEOGRAPHER: We are 2 Exhibit 20 Fax, Generic Description 321 of the Process, Bates 2 now on the record. 3 DOJ OLC 1126 through 3 This begins DVD No. 1 in the 1144 4 4 deposition of James Elmer Mitchell Exhibit 21 CIA Comments on the 323 5 in the matter of Salim versus 5 Senate Select Committee James Elmer Mitchell and Bruce -- on Intelligence Report 6 6 on the Rendition, 7 John Bruce Jessen in the United Detention and 8 States District Court for the 7 Interrogation Program 8 Exhibit 22 Document, Bates USA 1629 335 9 Eastern District of Washington. -
True and False Confessions: the Efficacy of Torture and Brutal
Chapter 7 True and False Confessions The Efficacy of Torture and Brutal Interrogations Central to the debate on the use of “enhanced” interrogation techniques is the question of whether those techniques are effective in gaining intelligence. If the techniques are the only way to get actionable intelligence that prevents terrorist attacks, their use presents a moral dilemma for some. On the other hand, if brutality does not produce useful intelligence — that is, it is not better at getting information than other methods — the debate is moot. This chapter focuses on the effectiveness of the CIA’s enhanced interrogation technique program. There are far fewer people who defend brutal interrogations by the military. Most of the military’s mistreatment of captives was not authorized in detail at high levels, and some was entirely unauthorized. Many military captives were either foot soldiers or were entirely innocent, and had no valuable intelligence to reveal. Many of the perpetrators of abuse in the military were young interrogators with limited training and experience, or were not interrogators at all. The officials who authorized the CIA’s interrogation program have consistently maintained that it produced useful intelligence, led to the capture of terrorist suspects, disrupted terrorist attacks, and saved American lives. Vice President Dick Cheney, in a 2009 speech, stated that the enhanced interrogation of captives “prevented the violent death of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands, of innocent people.” President George W. Bush similarly stated in his memoirs that “[t]he CIA interrogation program saved lives,” and “helped break up plots to attack military and diplomatic facilities abroad, Heathrow Airport and Canary Wharf in London, and multiple targets in the United States.” John Brennan, President Obama’s recent nominee for CIA director, said, of the CIA’s program in a televised interview in 2007, “[t]here [has] been a lot of information that has come out from these interrogation procedures. -
MMCCS Public Lecture, Pugliese V2
MMCCS Public Lecture: “Black Sites, Redacted Bodies: The Torture and Death of Gul Rahman in the CIA Salt Pit” Date: Wednesday 19 October Time: 6:00pm-8:00pm Venue: Macquarie University, Y3A.212 Speaker: Associate Professor Joseph Pugliese About the Topic: In this paper, I examine the torture and death of Gul Rahman in the CIA secret prison/black site known as the Salt Pit, located in northern Kabul, Afghanistan. Virtually excised from the public record, his name and death are mentioned in a footnote of the Classified Response to the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Professional Responsibility Classified Report (2009). This report, prepared by Counsel for Jay S. Bybee, is a detailed and lengthy repost to the accusation made by the Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) that Judge Bybee’s memo (August 1, 2002) to Alberto R. Gonzales, Counsel to the President, authorised some forms of torture that contravened the U.S. Torture Statute, which defines torture and declares it to be a federal crime. In the course of my paper, I proceed to discuss the details of Gul Rahman’s torture and death in the CIA Salt Pit (in the context of the Bybee memo and his Counsel’s response to the OPR’s condemnatory report) in order to flesh out the relations of legal and governmental power that were instrumental in establishing U.S. regimes of torture and death in the CIA secret prisons. In delineating the forces that were operative in the torture and death of Rahman, I proceed to identify two intersecting modalities of violence – instrumental and gratuitous. -
United States District Court Eastern District Of
Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ ECF No. 40 filed 04/28/16 PageID.<pageID> Page 1 of 19 1 2 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 3 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 4 5 SULEIMAN ABDULLAH SALIM, et al., ) ) 6 ) No. CV-15-0286-JLQ Plaintiffs, ) 7 ) MEMORANDUM OPINION ) AND ORDER DENYING 8 vs. ) MOTION TO DISMISS ) 9 ) JAMES E. MITCHELL and JOHN ) 10 JESSEN, ) ) 11 Defendants. ) ___________________________________ ) 12 BEFORE THE COURT is Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 27), which 13 seeks dismissal of the action with prejudice. Response and Reply briefs have been filed 14 and considered. Oral argument was held on April 22, 2016. James Smith, Henry 15 Schuelke, III, and Christopher Tompkins appeared for Defendants James Mitchell and 16 John Jessen, with Mr. Smith taking the lead on argument. Hina Shamsi, La Rond Baker, 17 Steven Watt, and Dror Ladin appeared for Plaintiffs Suleiman Abdullah Salim, Mohamed 18 Ahmed Ben Soud, and Obaid Ullah, with Mr. Ladin taking the lead on argument. The 19 court issued its oral ruling denying the Motion to Dismiss. This Opinion memorializes 20 and supplements the court’s oral ruling. 21 I. Introduction and Factual Background 22 The Complaint in this matter alleges Plaintiffs Suleiman Abdullah Salim (“Salim”), 23 Mohamed Ahmed Ben Soud (“Soud”), and Obaid Ullah (“Ullah”)1(collectively herein 24 25 1Ullah is the personal representative of the Estate of Gul Rahman who allegedly “died as a result 26 of hypothermia caused by his exposure to extreme cold, exacerbated by dehydration, lack of food, and 27 his immobility in a stress position.” (Complaint ¶ 3). -
“THE REPORT” Viewer Information and Discussion Guide
“THE REPORT” Viewer Information and Discussion Guide PAGE 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS BACKGROUND --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 2 CHARACTER DETAILS Daniel J. Jones --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 3 Dianne Feinstein ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ page 4 Denis McDonough ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 5 John Owen Brennan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 6 James Elmer Mitchell ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 7 Martin Heinrich --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 7 George Tenet ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 8 Sheldon Whitehouse ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 9 John A. Rizzo --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
Ethics Abandoned: Medical Professionalism and Detainee Abuse in the “War on Terror”
Ethics AbAndonEd: Medical Professionalism and Detainee Abuse in the “War on Terror” A task force report funded by IMAP/OSF November 2013 Copyright © 2013 Institute on Medicine as a Profession Table of Contents All rights reserved. this book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the AboUt iMAP And osF v publisher except for the use of brief quotations in a book review. AcknoWlEdgMEnts vii Printed in the United states of America First Printing, 2013 ExEcUtivE sUMMArY xi institUtE on MEdicinE As A ProFEssion Findings And rEcoMMEndAtions xxxi columbia University, college of Physicians and surgeons 630 West 168th street P&s box 11, new York, nY 10032 introdUction 1 www.imapny.org chAPtEr 1: The role of health professionals in abuse of 11 prisoners in U.S. custody chAPtEr 2: Organizational structures and policies that 55 directed the role of health professionals in detainee abuse chAPtEr 3: Hunger strikes and force-feeding 83 chAPtEr 4: Education and training of military physicians on 121 treatment of prisoners chAPtEr 5: Health professional accountability for acts of 135 torture through state licensing and discipline tAsk ForcE MEMbEr biogrAPhiEs 157 APPEndicEs 1. Istanbul Protocol Guidelines for Medical Evaluations of 169 Torture and Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment, Annex 4 2. World Medical Association Declaration of Malta on Hunger Strikes 175 3. Ethics Statements and Opinions of Professional Associations on 181 Interrogation and Torture 4. Professional Misconduct Complaints Filed 201 notEs 215 About IMAP and OSF Funding for this report was provided by: thE institUtE on MEdicinE As A ProFEssion (iMAP) aims to make medical professionalism a field and a force. -
In CIA Torture Case
افغانستان آزاد – آزاد افغانستان AA-AA چو کشور نباشـد تن من مبـــــــاد بدین بوم وبر زنده یک تن مــــباد همه سر به سر تن به کشتن دهیم از آن به که کشور به دشمن دهیم www.afgazad.com [email protected] زبان های اروپائی European Languages http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2017/03/11/tort-m11.html Trump administration invokes “state secrets” in CIA torture case By Barry Grey 11 March 2017 On Wednesday, the Trump administration filed a brief invoking the "state secrets" privilege in an attempt to block current and former Central Intelligence Agency officials from testifying in a civil suit brought by former detainees who were subjected to torture at a secret CIA interrogation center, or "black site," in Afghanistan. The motion, filed by the Trump Justice Department based on an affidavit by CIA Director Mike Pompeo, also seeks to quash the release of portions of 172 internal CIA documents. Among the CIA officials the government is seeking to shield from being forced to testify is Gina Haspel, named by President Trump to the post of deputy CIA director and confirmed by the US Senate. Haspel, a 32-year veteran of the agency, ran a CIA torture site in Thailand in 2002, during the Bush administration, where she oversaw the torture of Abu Zubaydah and Abd al- Rahim al-Nashiri, both of whom were repeatedly waterboarded. She also gave the order in 2005 to destroy videotapes of the interrogation sessions at the Thai site. The administration, headed by a man who boasts of his enthusiasm for torture, including waterboarding, intervened in the case of Salim v. -
Download Legal Document
Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ ECF No. 247 filed 08/08/17 PageID.9666 Page 1 of 110 1 Emily Chiang, WSBA No. 50517 2 AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION OF WASHINGTON FOUNDATION 3 901 Fifth Avenue, Suite 630 4 Seattle, WA 98164 Phone: 206-624-2184 5 6 Dror Ladin (admitted pro hac vice) Steven M. Watt (admitted pro hac vice) 7 Hina Shamsi (admitted pro hac vice) 8 AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION 9 Lawrence S. Lustberg (admitted pro hac vice) 10 Kate E. Janukowicz (admitted pro hac vice) Daniel J. McGrady (admitted pro hac vice) 11 Avram D. Frey (admitted pro hac vice) 12 GIBBONS P.C. 13 Jeffry K. Finer, WSBA #14610 14 Finer & Winn 35 West Maine Ave, Suite 300 15 Spokane, WA 99201 16 Attorneys for Plaintiffs 17 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 18 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 19 SULEIMAN ABDULLAH SALIM, No. 15-cv-0286 (JLQ) 20 MOHAMED AHMED BEN SOUD, OBAIDULLAH (AS PERSONAL 21 PLAINTIFFS’ PROPOSED REPRESENTATIVE OF GUL RAHMAN), JURY INSTRUCTIONS 22 IN ACCORDANCE WITH Plaintiffs, LR 51.1 23 24 v. 25 JAMES ELMER MITCHELL and JOHN 26 “BRUCE” JESSEN Defendants. AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES PLAINTIFFS’ PROPOSED JURY INSTRUCTIONS UNION OF WASHINGTON FOUNDATION Page | 1 901 Fifth Ave, Suite 630 (No. 2:15-CV-286-JLQ) Seattle, WA 98164 (206) 624-2184 Case 2:15-cv-00286-JLQ ECF No. 247 filed 08/08/17 PageID.9667 Page 2 of 110 1 In accordance with the Court’s May 30, 2017 Order re: Pretrial Filings 2 and Extending Deadlines (ECF No. -
ICC-02/17 Date: 20 November 2017 PRE-TRIAL CHAMBER III Before
ICC-02/17-7-Red 20-11-2017 1/181 NM PT ras Original: English No.: ICC-02/17 Date: 20 November 2017 PRE-TRIAL CHAMBER III Before: Judge Antoine Kesia-Mbe Mindua, Presiding Judge Judge Chang-ho Chung Judge Raul C. Pangalangan SITUATION IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN PUBLIC with confidential, EX PARTE, Annexes 1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3A, 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C, 6, public Annexes 4, 5 and 7, and public redacted version of Annex 1-Conf-Exp Public redacted version of “Request for authorisation of an investigation pursuant to article 15”, 20 November 2017, ICC-02/17-7-Conf-Exp Source: Office of the Prosecutor ICC-02/17-7-Red 20-11-2017 2/181 NM PT Document to be notified in accordance with regulation 31 of the Regulations of the Court to: The Office of the Prosecutor Counsel for the Defence Mrs Fatou Bensouda Mr James Stewart Mr Benjamin Gumpert Legal Representatives of the Victims Legal Representatives of the Applicants Unrepresented Victims Unrepresented Applicants (Participation/Reparation) The Office of Public Counsel for The Office of Public Counsel for the Victims Defence States’ Representatives Amicus Curiae REGISTRY Registrar Defence Support Section Mr Herman von Hebel Victims and Witnesses Unit Detention Section Mr Nigel Verrill No. ICC- 02/17 2/181 20 November 2017 ICC-02/17-7-Red 20-11-2017 3/181 NM PT I. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 6 II. Confidentiality .................................................................................................