Chapter I Introduction
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Security Reform Beyond the Project on National Security Reform
United States Army War College Class of 2013 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT: A Approved for Public Release Distribution is Unlimited This manuscript is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the U.S. Army War College Fellowship. The views expressed in this student academic research paper are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Security Reform beyond the Project on National Security Reform by Author Appears Here when Entered on SF 298 Army COL Brian Mennes The U.S. Army War College is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, 3624 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, (215) 662-5606. The Commission on Higher Education is an institutional accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. -
Reframing Cultural Diplomacy: the Instrumentalization of Culture Under the Soft Power Theory
Reframing Cultural Diplomacy: The Instrumentalization of Culture under the Soft Power Theory By Mariano Martín Zamorano Abstract Although cultural diplomacy has grown in importance in recent years, there is no consensus on its definition. Cultural diplomacy is commonly framed in terms of soft power: the capacity of persuasion and attraction that allows the state to construct hegemony without using coercive methods. In this article, I offer a cri- tical analysis of this theory’s limitations. To shed light on this situation, I provide an historical analysis of cultural diplomacy. Based on this historical analysis and on an extensive desk research, I examine the dominant methodological and con- ceptual articulation of soft power in cultural diplomacy literature to clarify how the logical framework of soft power favors a specific and restrained conception of these policies, narrowing its understanding and legitimating its economic and political instrumentalization. Keywords: cultural diplomacy, soft power, instrumentalization, bran- ding, propaganda Zamorano, Mariano Martín: “Reframing Cultural Diplomacy: The Instrumentaliza- tion of Culture under the Soft Power Theory”, Culture Unbound, Volume 8, 2016: 166–186. Published by Linköping University Electronic Press: http://www.culture- unbound.ep.liu.se Culture Unbound Journal of Current Cultural Research Introduction In today´s globalized and highly interconnected world, cultural diplomacy is re- ceiving renewed attention. Social and economic changes as well as geopolitical transformations have led to a new relevance for international cultural policies. The impulse towards financial and technological globalization and post-Fordism economic changes (Jessop 2002; Brenner 2004) have given greater importance to cultural production and consumption in the so-called post-industrial society (Bell 1976; Morató 2012). -
Business As Mission a Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice 1St Edition Download Free
BUSINESS AS MISSION A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO THEORY AND PRACTICE 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE C Neal Johnson | 9780830838653 | | | | | Business As Mission: A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice This section does not cite any sources. Have a question about this product? In times of peace, diplomacy was even conducted with non-Hellenistic rivals such as the Achaemenid Empire of Persia, through it was ultimately conquered by Alexander the Great of Macedon. All these neighbors lacked a key resource that Byzantium had taken over from Rome, namely a formalized legal structure. Ergodebooks Richmond, TX, U. This book breaks new ground in how faith and work intersect and are lived out in crosscultural contexts, where job creation and Business as Mission A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice 1st edition transformation go hand in Business as Mission A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice 1st edition. Diplomatic rank. Main article: Economic diplomacy. Various processes and procedures have evolved over time for handling diplomatic issues and disputes. Business as Mission A Comprehensive Guide to Theory and Practice 1st edition the Battle of Baideng BC to the Battle of Mayi BCthe Han Dynasty was forced to uphold a marriage alliance and pay an exorbitant amount of tribute in silk, cloth, grain, and other foodstuffs to the powerful northern nomadic Xiongnu that had been consolidated by Modu Shanyu. International treatiesagreements, alliances, and other manifestations of foreign policy are usually the result of diplomatic negotiations and processes. Representatives from republics were ranked the lowest which often angered the leaders of the numerous German, Scandinavian and Italian republics. -
Diplomats and Diplomacy: Assessing the Influence of Experience in the Implementation of U.S
Diplomats and diplomacy: Assessing the influence of experience in the implementation of U.S. foreign policy by Justin Eric Kidd B.S., Louisiana State University, 1988 M.S., Florida Institute of Technology, 1998 M.M.A., Marine Corps University, 2003 AN ABSTRACT OF A DISSERTATION submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Security Studies Program College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2018 Abstract In 2008, Ambassador’s Neumann and Pickering wrote letters to Senator’s Obama and McCain, with recommendations on qualifications for US Ambassador’s. Both Senator’s had recently received their party’s nomination for President, and Neumann and Pickering took the opportunity to suggest qualifications they believed were necessary for US ambassadors to perform their diplomatic tasks better. Their letters suggested that career ambassadors perform better, and they recommended that political appointees be limited to ten percent. The historical average has been roughly thirty percent. They also recommended that ambassadors have previous regional experience, and be knowledgeable about the countries in which they would be assigned, as well as speak the local language. What their letters were missing was evidence these traits actually make a difference in how well ambassadors perform their roles. In fact, this evidence is missing from the extant literature describing ambassadorial roles and responsibilities. This dissertation seeks to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze Neumann’s and Pickering’s qualifications, marking the first time this important subject has been examined using social science methodology. Diplomats and diplomacy: Assessing the influence of experience in the implementation of U.S. -
How to Fight the War of Ideas Against Radical Islamism
How to Fight the War of Ideas Against Radical Islamism Testimony before the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee John Lenczowski Founder and President, The Institute of World Politics June 14, 2017 Good morning, Mr. Chairman, Ranking Minority Member, and Members of the Committee. I am grateful and honored to have the opportunity to share with you my recommendations on how we in the United States can optimally protect ourselves and the world against radical Jihadism. My testimony consists of two parts. The first and major part addresses the question of how to defeat the principal dimensions of the Jihadist threat – particularly the method by which the Jihadist movement generates new recruits to its cause. The second addresses how our government should be organized and tasked with performing this critical function. Jihadism is Principally an Ideological Problem The United States has spent trillions of dollars fighting radical Islamist terrorism. We have done so by treating Jihadist aggression as principally a military and intelligence problem. Yet, it is a civilizational problem. We have been fighting two wars to destroy terrorism- supporting regimes, seeking out terrorists, and killing them. This is like trying to eradicate mosquitoes in your back yard by inviting all your friends over for a garden party, arming them each with shotguns, and shooting mosquitoes all afternoon. You will get a few of the mosquitoes. The problem is that there is a puddle in the back yard and something is going on there: it is the spawning of new mosquitoes – and we are doing very little about it. -
The Foreign Service Journal, May 2020
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION MAY 2020 NUCLEAR DIPLOMACY TODAY THE DIPLOMAT AND THE STATE TEX HARRIS, LARGER THAN LIFE –ADVERTISEMENT– FOREIGN SERVICE May 2020 Volume 97, No. 4 Focus on Nuclear Diplomacy BRIAN HUBBLE BRIAN 26 33 37 U.S.-Russian Nuclear Arms Why Nuclear Arms Restoring Nuclear Control Negotiations— Control Matters Diplomacy A Short History Today Urgent action is needed to put the lid An accomplished negotiator puts nuclear In this time of new strains on a new and costly global arms race. arms control in perspective—what it has in great-power relations, By Joseph Cirincione achieved, where it nuclear arms control has failed and what it can do for agreements are an essential 41 our future security. component of national security. From the FSJ Archive By Rose Gottemoeller By Thomas Countryman Arms Control Diplomacy FS Heritage Appreciation 50 F. Allen “Tex” Harris 1938-2020 The Unlucky Consul: Thomas Prentis and the 1902 Martinique 67 Disaster Larger Than Life In 1902, the worst volcanic Feature By Steven Alan Honley disaster of the 20th century took the lives of U.S. Consul Thomas Prentis and his family 44 70 on a Caribbean island. The Foreign Service Remembrances By William Bent Honor Roll U.S. diplomats are on the front lines of America’s engagement with the world. Here is the history of AFSA’s work to pay tribute to the many who sacrificed their lives in the line of duty. By John K. Naland THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL | MAY 2020 5 FOREIGN SERVICE Perspectives Departments 10 Letters 7 88 12 Letters-Plus President’s Views Reflections Foreign Service Duty Y2K, What Y2K? 16 Talking Points By Eric Rubin By Lian von Wantoch 77 In Memory 9 81 Books Letter from the Editor Nuclear Diplomacy Matters By Shawn Dorman 22 Marketplace Speaking Out The Diplomat and the State 83 Real Estate By Christopher W. -
A Dictionary of Diplomacy, Second Edition
A Dictionary of Diplomacy Second Edition G. R. Berridge and Alan James A Dictionary of Diplomacy Second edition Also by G. R. Berridge *DIPLOMACY AT THE UN (co-editor with A. Jennings) *DIPLOMACY: Theory and Practice (second edition) *DIPLOMATIC THEORY FROM MACHIAVELLI TO KISSINGER (with Maurice Keens- Soper and T. G. Otte) *ECONOMIC POWER IN ANGLO-SOUTH AFRICAN DIPLOMACY: Simonstown, Sharpeville and After INTERNATIONAL POLITICS: States, Power and Conflict since 1945 (third edition) THE POLITICS OF THE SOUTH AFRICA RUN: European Shipping and Pretoria *RETURN TO THE UN: United Nations Diplomacy in Regional Conflicts *SOUTH AFRICA, THE COLONIAL POWERS AND ‘AFRICAN DEFENCE’: The Rise and Fall of the White Entente, 1948–60 *TALKING TO THE ENEMY: How States without ‘Diplomatic Relations’ Communicate Also by Alan James THE BASES OF INTERNATIONAL ORDER (editor) *BRITAIN AND THE CONGO CRISIS, 1960–63 *KEEPING THE PEACE IN THE CYPRUS CRISIS OF 1963–64 *PEACEKEEPING IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS THE POLITICS OF PEACEKEEPING SOVEREIGN STATEHOOD: The Basis of International Society STATES IN A CHANGING WORLD (co-editor with Robert H. Jackson) *from the same publishers A Dictionary of Diplomacy Second Edition G. R. Berridge Emeritus Professor of International Politics University of Leicester Alan James Emeritus Professor of International Relations Keele University Editorial consultant Sir Brian Barder Formerly British High Commissioner in Australia and Nigeria and British Ambassador to Bénin, Poland and Ethiopia © G. R. Berridge and Alan James 2003 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. -
Course Syllabus
ROMANIA BABEŞ-BOLYAI UNIVERSITY CLUJ-NAPOCA FACULTY OF EUROPEAN STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GERMAN STUDIES COURSE SYLLABUS 1. Information about the programme 1.1 Higher Education Babeş-Bolyai University Institution 1.2 Faculty European Studies Faculty 1.3 Department International Relations and German Studies 1.4 Field of study International Relations and European Studies 1.5 Study level MA 1.6 Programme of study/ Transatlantic Studies Qualification 2. Information about the discipline 2.1 Module Cultural Diplomacy – Power, Influence and Reputation 2.2 Course holder Lecturer Gabriel Gherasim, PhD 2.3 Seminar holder Lecturer Gabriel Gherasim, PhD 2.4 Year of study II 2.5 Semester 2 2.6. Type of C. 2.7 Type of module2 OB assessment1 3. Total estimated time (teaching hours per semester) 3.1 No. of hours per week 4 3.1 of which for 2 3.3 of which for 2 course seminar 3.4 Total no. of hours in the 48 3.5 of which for 24 3.6 of which for 24 curriculum course seminar Time distribution: 11 Study by using handbook, reader, bibliography and course notes 1 Additional library/specialised online research, field research 1 Preparation of seminars/laboratories, homework, projects, portfolios and essays 1 Tutoring 1 Examinations 0,5 Other activities: .................. 3.7 Total no. of hours for individual study 4,5 3.8 Total no. of hours per semester 63 3.9 No. of ETCS credit points 6 4. Prerequisites (where applicable) 4.1 of curriculum none 4.2 of competencies none 5. Conditions (where applicable) 1 E - exam, ME - multi-term examinations, C - collocutional examination/assessment test 2 OB - core module, OP - elective module, F - extracurricular module 1 5.1 For the development of none the course 5.2 For the development of none the seminar/laboratory 6. -
1 a Critical Review: Katharine C. Gorka & Patrick Sookhdeo (Eds
A Critical Review: Katharine C. Gorka & Patrick Sookhdeo (eds.). Fighting the Ideological War: Winning Strategies from Communism to Islamism McLean: Isaac Publishing 2012, 240 pp; ISBN: 978-0985310905; $15. Reviewed by Zubair Qamar 1 Contents Introduction and Outline of the Review .............................................................................. 7 Part-1: Biographies of Authors and Institutions of Affiliation .......................................... 10 Patrick Sookhdeo ........................................................................................................... 10 Katharine C. Gorka – and The Westminster Institute ................................................... 11 Isaac Publishing ............................................................................................................. 12 Stephen Ulph ................................................................................................................. 13 John H. Moore ............................................................................................................... 13 Robert Reilly ................................................................................................................. 13 Thomas Joscelyn ........................................................................................................... 13 John Lenczowski ........................................................................................................... 14 Sebastian Gorka ............................................................................................................ -
History of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security
History of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security of the United States Department of State History of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security of the United States Department of State United States Department of State Bureau of Diplomatic Security Printed October 2011 Global Publishing Solutions First Edition CHIEFS OF SECURITY AT THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1917 - 2011 Office of the Chief Special Agent Bureau of Diplomatic Security (DS) Joseph M. “Bill” Nye 1917 – 1920 Assistant Secretary of State Robert C. Bannerman 1920 – 1940 Robert E. Lamb 1985 – 1989 Thomas F. Fitch 1940 – 1947 Sheldon J. Krys 1989 – 1992 Anthony C. E. Quainton 1992 – 1995 Security Office Eric J. Boswell 1996 – 1998 Robert L. Bannerman 1945 – 1947 David G. Carpenter 1998 – 2002 Francis X. Taylor 2002 – 2005 Division of Security Richard J. Griffin 2005 – 2007 Donald L. Nicholson 1948 – 1952 Gregory B. Starr (Acting) 2007 – 2008 John W. Ford 1952 Eric J. Boswell 2008 – Director, Diplomatic Security Service Office of Security (SY) Deputy Assistant Secretary of State David C. Fields 1985 – 1986 John W. Ford 1952 – 1953 Louis E. Schwartz, Jr. 1986 – 1988 Dennis A. Flinn 1953 – 1956 E. Tomlin Bailey 1956 – 1958 Clark M. Dittmer 1988 – 1993 William O. Boswell 1958 – 1962 Mark E. Mulvey 1993 – 1996 John F. Reilly 1962 – 1963 Gregorie Bujac 1996 – 1998 G. Marvin Gentile 1964 – 1974 Peter E. Bergin 1998 – 2003 Victor H. Dikeos 1974 – 1978 Joe D. Morton 2003 – 2007 Karl D. Ackerman 1978 – 1982 Gregory B. Starr 2007 – 2009 Marvin L. Garrett, Jr. 1982 – 1983 Patrick Donovan 2009 David C. Fields 1984 – 1985 Jeffrey W. -
How Russia, China, and Other Countries Use Public Diplomacy to Compete with the US
BACKGROUNDER No. 2698 | JUNE 21, 2012 Challenging America: How Russia, China, and Other Countries Use Public Diplomacy to Compete with the U.S. Helle C. Dale, Ariel Cohen, PhD, and Janice A. Smith Abstract he circumstances that surround- Competing aggressively with the Ted President Barack Obama’s Talking Points United States for the “hearts and nomination last November of yet minds” of people around the world, another Under Secretary of State for ■■ The U.S. government is showing many state and non-state actors are Public Diplomacy were symptom- signs of fatigue and disinterest funneling significant resources into atic of a problem that has plagued in public diplomacy—a develop- ment that must be reversed if their public diplomacy strategies. America’s efforts to explain itself the United States is to maintain a The Chinese government announced to the world since the end of the global leadership position. in 2009 that it would spend almost Cold War. The nomination came ■■ Today, more people around the $7 billion on a “global media drive” after the position had been vacant world believe the “global balance to improve its image. The Russian for four months, and it would take of power” is shifting away from government allocated $1.4 billion for another six before the nominee, Tara the United States. international propaganda in 2010. Sonenshine, was sworn in. ■■ Many state and non-state actors Meanwhile, in the U.S., a confluence In all, the position has been are competing aggressively of issues, tightening budgets, and vacant 30 percent of the time since with the U.S. -
United States-Yugoslav Relations, 1961-80: the Twilight of Tito's
UNITED STATES-YUGOSLAV RELATIONS, 1961-80: THE TWILIGHT OF TITO’S ERA AND THE ROLE OF AMBASSADORIAL DIPLOMACY IN THE MAKING OF AMERICA'S YUGOSLAV POLICY Josip Močnik A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2008 Committee: Dr. Gary R. Hess, Advisor Dr. Neal Jesse Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Beth A. Griech-Polelle Dr. Douglas J. Forsyth iii © 2008 Josip Močnik All Rights Reserved iv ABSTRACT Dr. Gary R. Hess, Advisor This historical investigation of United States-Yugoslav relations during the last two decades of Josip Broz Tito’s thirty-five-year presidency makes a contribution to understanding the formation and execution of American policy toward Yugoslavia. An examination of the Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, and Carter Administrations dealings with a nonaligned and socialist Yugoslavia shows that the United States during the height of the Cold War could maintain good relations with a Communist state to uphold a wedge in the Soviet Bloc and to preserve regional geo-strategic balance. The Yugoslav communists managed to deal imaginatively and successfully with the shifts in the focus of American policy from Kennedy’s “Grand Design,” Johnson’s “building bridges” appeal, Nixon’s personal diplomacy, to Carter’s focus on the human rights. Despite its domestic problems that involved political infighting and purges, experimentations with the market economy, and the resurgence of nationalism, Yugoslavia pursued a surprisingly independent foreign policy and maintained leadership of the international nonaligned movement that created a competing ideology to challenge the established spheres of influence of the two superpowers.