1 Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro Instituto De
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Walnut Polyphenol
ORYZA OIL & FAT CHEMICAL CO., L TD. WALNUT POLYPHENOL Hepatoprotective & Anti-oxidative Extract For Metabolic Syndrome ■ WALNUT POLYPHENOL-P10,P30 (Powder,Food Grade) ■ WALNUT POLYPHENOL-WSP10 (Water-soluble Powder,Food Grade) ■ WALNUT POLYPHENOL-PC10,PC30 (Powder,Cosmetic Grade) ■ WALNUT POLYPHENOL-WSPC10 (Water-soluble Powder,Cosmetic Grade) ■ WALNUT POLYPHENOL-LC (Water-soluble Liquid,Cosmetic Grade) ■ WALNUT SEED OIL (Oil,Food & Cosmetic Grade) ORYZA OIL & FAT CHEMICAL CO., LTD ver. 1.0 HS WALNUT POLYPHENOL ver.1.0 HS WALNUT POLYPHENOL Hepatoprotective & Anti-oxidative Extract For Metabolic Syndrome 1. Introduction Recently, there is an increased awareness on metabolic syndrome – a condition characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors in one person. They include abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance, prothrombotic state & proinflammatory state. The dominant underlying risk factors appear to be abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. In addition, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most commonly associated “liver” manifestation of metabolic syndrome which can progress to advance liver disease (e.g. cirrhosis) with associated morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle therapies such as weight loss significantly improve all aspects of metabolic syndrome, as well as reducing progression of NAFLD and cardiovascular mortality. Walnut (Juglans regia L. seed) is one the most popular nuts consumed in the world. It is loaded in polyunsaturated fatty acids – linoleic acid (LA), oleic acid and α-linolenic acid (ALA), an ω3 fatty acid. It has been used since ancient times and epidemiological studies have revealed that incorporating walnuts in a healthy diet reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Recent investigations reported that walnut diet improves the function of blood vessels and lower serum cholesterol. -
Tannins: Current Knowledge of Food Sources, Intake, Bioavailability and Biological Effects
S310 DOI 10.1002/mnfr.200900039 Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2009, 53, S310 – S329 Review Tannins: Current knowledge of food sources, intake, bioavailability and biological effects Jos Serrano1, Riitta Puupponen-Pimi2, Andreas Dauer3, Anna-Marja Aura2 and Fulgencio Saura-Calixto4 1 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Depto. Nutricin y Bromatologa I, Madrid, Spain 2 VTT Technical Research Center of Finland 3 Hexal AG, Holzkirchen, Germany 4 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientficas, Instituto del Frio, Depto. Metabolismo y Nutricin, Madrid, Spain Tannins are a unique group of phenolic metabolites with molecular weights between 500 and 30000 Da, which are widely distributed in almost all plant foods and beverages. Proanthocyanidins and hydrolysable tannins are the two major groups of these bioactive compounds, but complex tannins containing structural elements of both groups and specific tannins in marine brown algae have also been described. Most literature data on food tannins refer only to oligomeric compounds that are extracted with aqueous-organic solvents, but a significant number of non-extractable tannins are usu- ally not mentioned in the literature. The biological effects of tannins usually depend on their grade of polymerisation and solubility. Highly polymerised tannins exhibit low bioaccessibility in the small intestine and low fermentability by colonic microflora. This review summarises a new approach to analysis of extractable and non-extractable tannins, major food sources, and effects of storage and processing on tannin content and bioavailability. Biological properties such as antioxidant, antimicro- bial and antiviral effects are also described. In addition, the role of tannins in diabetes mellitus has been discussed. Keywords: Bioavailability / Diet / Hydrolysable tannins / Proanthocyanidins / Tannins / Received: November 27, 2007; revised: January 25, 2009; accepted: February 9, 2009 1 Introduction weight having the ability to complex strongly with carbohy- drates and proteins [9]. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Ellagic Acid and Urolithin
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Ellagic Acid and Urolithin A Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Diet-Induced Insulin Resistant Mice and Reduce Detrimental Effects of Palmitate Administration in Differentiated C2C12 Myotubes. A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology by Brenda Chan 2018 © Copyright by Brenda Chan 2018 ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS Ellagic Acid and Urolithin A Improve Insulin Sensitivity in Diet-Induced Insulin Resistant Mice and Reduce Detrimental Effects of Palmitate Administration in Differentiated C2C12 Myotubes. by Brenda Chan Master of Science in Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology University of California, Los Angeles, 2018 Professor Catherine F. Clarke, Chair Insulin resistance has been spreading as food and sedentary lifestyles are becoming more common. Major bodily complications often result, necessitating a search for affordable solutions. Phytochemicals are commonly used in alternative medicine but less so in areas where obesity and T2D prevail. This thesis studies ellagic acid (EA) and its metabolite urolithin A (UA) as potential treatments for insulin resistance, focusing on the main site of glucose uptake, skeletal muscle. In diet-induced insulin-resistant mice, long-term dietary EA&UA administration reduced glucose levels in IPITTs, while UA alone also reduced serum FFA and fasting glucose levels. Mitochondrial turnover and ROS detoxification markers increased with treatment, indicating improved mitochondrial quality control. Differentiated C2C12 mouse myotubes were utilized to study cellular effects of EA and UA. In insulin resistant myotubes, treatment enhanced ATP ii production and reduced ROS, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. With insulin, UA increased uncoupled respiration while decreasing ROS, implying increased fuel oxidation without adding oxidative stress. -
Punica Granatum L
Research Article Studies on antioxidant activity of red, white, and black pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract using DPPH radical scavenging method Uswatun Chasanah[1]* 1 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Science, University of Muhammadiyah Malangg, Malang, East Java, Indonesia * Corresponding Author’s Email: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has high antioxidant activity. In Received September 1, 2020 Indonesia, there are red pomegranate, white pomegranate, and black Revised January 7, 2021 pomegranate. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant Accepted January 14, 2021 activity of red pomegranate peel extract, white pomegranate peel extract, Published February 1, 2021 and black pomegranate peel extract. The extracts prepared by ultrasonic maceration in 96% ethanol, then evaporated until thick extract was Keywords obtained and its antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH Antioxidant radical scavenging method. This study showed that all pomegranate peel Black pomegranate extract varieties have potent antioxidant activity and the black Red pomegranate pomegranate peel extract has the highest antioxidant power. White pomegranate Peel extract DPPH Doi 10.22219/farmasains.v5i2.13472 1. INTRODUCTION Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs to the Puricaceae family, a plant originating from the Middle East (Rana, Narzary & Ranade, 2010). All parts of the pomegranate, such as fruit (fruit juice, fruit seeds, peel fruit), leaves, flowers, roots, and bark, have therapeutic effects such as neuroprotective, antioxidant, repair vascular damage, and anti-inflammatory. The clinical application of this plant used in cancers, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, carotid artery stenosis, myocardial perfusion, periodontal disease, bacterial infections, ultraviolet radiation, erectile dysfunction, male infertility, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and obesity (Jurenka, 2008; Mackler, Heber & Cooper, 2013). -
Anti-Candida Targets and Cytotoxicity of Casuarinin Isolated from Plinia Cauliflora Leaves in a Bioactivity-Guided Study
Molecules 2013, 18, 8095-8108; doi:10.3390/molecules18078095 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules Article Anti-Candida Targets and Cytotoxicity of Casuarinin Isolated from Plinia cauliflora Leaves in a Bioactivity-Guided Study Tatiana M. Souza-Moreira 1, Juliana A. Severi 1,†, Keunsook Lee 2, Kanya Preechasuth 2, Emerson Santos 1, Neil A. R. Gow 2, Carol A. Munro 2, Wagner Vilegas 3 and Rosemeire C. L. R. Pietro 1,* 1 Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Rodovia Araraquara-Jau, km 1, Araraquara, 14801-902, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mails: [email protected] (T.M.S.M.); [email protected] (J.A.S.); [email protected] (E.S.) 2 Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK; E-Mails: [email protected] (K.L.); [email protected] (K.P.); [email protected] (N.A.R.G.); [email protected] (C.A.M.) 3 Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, R. Francisco Degni s/n, Araraquara, 14800-900, São Paulo, Brazil; E-Mail: [email protected] (W.V.) † Nowadays this author is at Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFES-Univ Federal do Espírito Santo, Alto Universitário, Guararema, 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brazil. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-16-3301-6965; Fax: +55-16-3301-6990. Received: 27 May 2013; in revised form: 5 July 2013 / Accepted: 5 July 2013 / Published: 9 July 2013 Abstract: In addition to the bio-guided investigation of the antifungal activity of Plinia cauliflora leaves against different Candida species, the major aim of the present study was the search for targets on the fungal cell. -
Raspberry Pomace - Composition, Properties and Application
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE European Journal ISSN 2449-8955 Review Article of Biological Research Raspberry pomace - composition, properties and application Agnieszka Joanna Brodowska Institute of General Food Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Łódź University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland * Corresponding author: Agnieszka Brodowska; E-mail: [email protected] Received: 19 February 2017; Revised submission: 24 March 2017; Accepted: 03 April 2017 Copyright: © The Author(s) 2017. European Journal of Biological Research © T.M.Karpi ński 2017. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.495190 ABSTRACT industry by-product, is considered as a potential food ingredient. Its pomace contains plenty of Raspberry pomace can be valorised due to its valuable components such as carbohydrates, nutritionally favourable effect on human health. proteins, fats, fibre, flavours, pectins, vitamins, It is an important source of polyphenols, ellagic similar to the composition of whole raspberries [2]. acid, ellagitannins, tocopherols, unsaturated fatty Moreover, raspberry pomace is rich in a large group acids, and dietary fibre. Thus, raspberry pomace of various phenolics especially ellagitannins, can be considered as a potential raw material to proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins, flavonols, and receive products rich in polyphenols or dietary phenolic acids (especially, ellagic acid) which are fibre, which can provide healthy properties to food also predominant in berries [3]. -
6 Health Aspects and Antiaflatoxigenic Activity of Phytochemicals in Tree
OF Health Aspects 6 and Antiaflatoxigenic Activity of Phytochemicals in Tree Nuts Russell]. Molyneux, Noreen Mahoney, long H. Kim, and Bruce C. Campbell CONTENTS 6.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................. 95 6.2 Aflatoxinsin Tree Nuts ........................................................................................................... 96 6.3 Allatoxin Resistance Phytochemicals in Tree Nuts................................................................97 6.3.1 Varietal Resistance of Tree Nut Species .....................................................................98 6.3.2 Antiaflatoxigenic Constituents in Specific Tissues .....................................................98 6.4 Isolation and Identification of Walnut Antiatlatoxigenic Constituents...................................99 6.4.1 Bioassay-Directed Fractionation .................................................................................99 6.4.2 Analysis of Hydrolysable Tannin Content in Walnuts ..............................................100 6.4.3 Gallic and Ellagic Acid Content in Tree Nuts...........................................................101 6.4.3.1 Variation of Gallic and Ellagic Acids with Maturity .................................101 6.4.3.2 Variation of Gallic and Ellagic Acids with Cultivar..................................101 6.4.3.3 Structure—Activity Relationships ...............................................................103 6.5 Mechanism -
Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro Kim Ohanna
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO KIM OHANNA PIMENTA INADA EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENTS OF JABUTICABA (MYRCIARIA JABOTICABA) PEEL AND SEED AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ELLAGITANNINS METABOLISM IN HUMANS. RIO DE JANEIRO 2018 Kim Ohanna Pimenta Inada EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES ON PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS CONTENTS OF JABUTICABA (MYRCIARIA JABOTICABA) PEEL AND SEED AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ELLAGITANNINS METABOLISM IN HUMANS. Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências de Alimentos Orientadores: Profa. Dra. Mariana Costa Monteiro Prof. Dr. Daniel Perrone Moreira RIO DE JANEIRO 2018 DEDICATION À minha família e às pessoas maravilhosas que apareceram na minha vida. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Primeiramente, gostaria de agradecer a Deus por ter me dado forças para não desistir e por ter colocado na minha vida “pessoas-anjo”, que me ajudaram e me apoiaram até nos momentos em que eu achava que ia dar tudo errado. Aos meus pais Beth e Miti. Eles não mediram esforços para que eu pudesse receber uma boa educação e para que eu fosse feliz. Logo no início da graduação, a situação financeira ficou bem apertada, mas eles continuaram fazendo de tudo para me ajudar. Foram milhares de favores prestados, marmitas e caronas. Meu pai diz que fez anos de curso de inglês e espanhol, porque passou anos acordando cedo no sábado só para me levar no curso que eu fazia no Fundão. Tinha dia que eu saía do curso morta de fome e quando eu entrava no carro, tinha uma marmita com almoço, com direito até a garrafa de suco. -
Ellagitannin–Lipid Interaction by HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy
molecules Article Ellagitannin–Lipid Interaction by HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy Valtteri Virtanen * , Susanna Räikkönen, Elina Puljula and Maarit Karonen Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (E.P.); maarit.karonen@utu.fi (M.K.) * Correspondence: vtjvir@utu.fi; Tel.: +358-29-450-3205 Abstract: Ellagitannins have antimicrobial activity, which might be related to their interactions with membrane lipids. We studied the interactions of 12 different ellagitannins and pentagalloylglucose with a lipid extract of Escherichia coli by high-resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. The nuclear Overhauser effect was utilized to measure the cross relaxation rates between ellagitannin and lipid protons. The shifting of lipid signals in 1H NMR spectra of ellagitannin–lipid mixture due to ring current effect was also observed. The ellagitannins that showed interaction with lipids had clear structural similarities. All ellagitannins that had interactions with lipids had glucopy- ranose cores. In addition to the central polyol, the most important structural feature affecting the interaction seemed to be the structural flexibility of the ellagitannin. Even dimeric and trimeric ellagitannins could penetrate to the lipid bilayers if their structures were flexible with free galloyl and hexahydroxydiphenoyl groups. Keywords: E. coli; HR-MAS-NMR; interaction; lipid membrane; tannins; UPLC-DAD-MS Citation: Virtanen, V.; Räikkönen, S.; Puljula, E.; Karonen, M. 1. Introduction Ellagitannin–Lipid Interaction by HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy. Tannins are a group of specialized plant metabolites, which, when included in the di- Molecules 2021, 26, 373. etary feed of ruminants, have been shown to induce many beneficial effects such as increas- https://doi.org/10.3390/ ing their effective amino acid absorption, lowering their methane production, and acting as molecules26020373 anthelmintics [1–6]. -
One Step Purification of Corilagin and Ellagic Acid from Phyllanthus
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS Phytochem. Anal. 13, 1–3 (2002) DOI: 10.1002/pca.608 One Step Purification of Corilagin and Ellagic Acid from Phyllanthus urinaria using High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography Liu Jikai,1* Huang Yue,1 Thomas Henkel2 and Karlheinz Weber2 1Department of Phytochemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People s Republic of China 2Bayer AG, Pharma Research, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany High-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) has been successfully applied to the preparative separation of corilagin and ellagic acid in one step from the Chinese medicinal plant Phyllanthus urinaria L. by use of direct and successive injections of a crude methanolic extract. Some aspects concerning the practical use of this technique in the described application are considered. Copyright # 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Keywords: High-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC); one step purification; corilagin; ellagic acid; Phyllanthus urinaria. INTRODUCTION al., 1993; Cheng et al., 1995) and infectious disease (anti- viral, Yoon et al., 2000). The present report deals with the one-step isolation of compounds 1 and 2 from the Most separations in the natural product field are methanolic extract of aerial parts of P. urinaria, and performed through chromatography on solid supports, demonstrates the rapid and efficient access of the but all-liquid techniques are currently attracting con- constituents using HSCCC. siderable interest. High-speed countercurrent chroma- tography (HSCCC) is an all-liquid technique that employs no solid support and functions using a multi- layer coil rotating at high speed in a device that creates a fluctuating acceleration field which produces successive bands of mixing and settling along a continuous tube (Conway, 1995). -
"Ellagic Acid, an Anticarcinogen in Fruits, Especially in Strawberries: a Review"
FEATURE Ellagic Acid, an Anticarcinogen in Fruits, Especially in Strawberries: A Review John L. Maasl and Gene J. Galletta2 Fruit Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705 Gary D. Stoner3 Department of Pathology, Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH 43699 The various roles of ellagic acid as an an- digestibility of natural forms of ellagic acid, Mode of inhibition ticarcinogenic plant phenol, including its in- and the distribution and organ accumulation The inhibition of cancer by ellagic acid hibitory effects on chemically induced cancer, or excretion in animal systems is in progress appears to occur through the following its effect on the body, occurrence in plants at several institutions. Recent interest in el- mechanisms: and biosynthesis, allelopathic properties, ac- lagic acid in plant systems has been largely a. Inhibition of the metabolic activation tivity in regulation of plant hormones, for- for fruit-juice processing and wine industry of carcinogens. For example, ellagic acid in- mation of metal complexes, function as an applications. However, new studies also hibits the conversion of polycyclic aromatic antioxidant, insect growth and feeding in- suggest that ellagic acid participates in plant hydrocarbons [e.g., benzo (a) pyrene, 7,12- hibitor, and inheritance are reviewed and hormone regulatory systems, allelopathic and dimethylbenz (a) anthracene, and 3-methyl- discussed in relation to current and future autopathic effects, insect deterrent princi- cholanthrene], nitroso compounds (e.g., N- research. ples, and insect growth inhibition, all of which nitrosobenzylmethylamine and N -methyl- N- Ellagic acid (C14H6O8) is a naturally oc- indicate the urgent need for further research nitrosourea), and aflatoxin B1 into forms that curring phenolic constituent of many species to understand the roles of ellagic acid in the induce genetic damage (Dixit et al., 1985; from a diversity of flowering plant families. -
Print This Article
Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 149–160 (2019) MJCCA9 – 775 ISSN 1857-5552 e-ISSN 1857-5625 Received: April 23, 2019 DOI: 10.20450/mjcce.2019.1775 Accepted: October 8, 2019 Original scientific paper IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN POMEGRANATE JUICES FROM EIGHT MACEDONIAN CULTIVARS Jasmina Petreska Stanoeva1,*, Nina Peneva1, Marina Stefova1, Viktor Gjamovski2 1Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia 2Institute of Agriculture, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia [email protected] Punica granatum L. is one of the species enjoying growing interest due to its complex and unique chemical composition that encompasses the presence of anthocyanins, ellagic acid and ellagitannins, gal- lic acid and gallotannins, proanthocyanidins, flavanols and lignans. This combination is deemed respon- sible for a wide range of health-promoting biological activities. This study was focused on the analysis of flavonoids, anthocyanins and phenolic acids in eight pomegranate varieties (Punica granatum) from Macedonia, in two consecutive years. Fruits from each cultivar were washed and manually peeled, and the juice was filtered. NaF (8.5 mg) was added to 100 ml juice as a stabilizer. The samples were centrifuged for 15 min at 3000 rpm and analyzed using an HPLC/DAD/MSn method that was optimized for determination of their polyphenolic fingerprints. The dominant anthocyanin in all pomegranate varieties was cyanidin-3-glucoside followed by cya- nidin and delphinidin 3,5-diglucoside. From the results, it can be concluded that the content of anthocyanins was higher in 2016 compared to 2017.