Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

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Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) © Autonome Provinz Bozen, Abteilung Forstwirtschaft, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at forest observer vol. 5 2010 31 - 152 Faunistik der Bockkäfer von Südtirol (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Klaus Hellrigl Abstract Faunistics of Longhorn-beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from South Tyrol (N-Italy). A survey on the occurrence of Longhorn-beetles in the Province of South Tyrol-Bolzano is given. The first monograph of the Longhorn-beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) of the fauna of South Tyrol (N-Italy: Province Bozen-Bolzano) was published by the Author back in 1967. Over 40 years later, a current up- dated and revised edition is given, where also incisive changes and innovations on the valid actual scientific nomenclature of species that occurred since the first edition are considered. Scientific nomenclature follows the recent publications of BENSE (1995), JANIS (2001) and FAUNA EUROPAEA (2007/09) respectively. Detailed descriptions of the presence and biology of some Cerambycid species are given for the first time. Also a historical review of Cerambycid-studies in South-Tirol is given. Apart from the own recent collec- tions and observations made by the Author during the last 45 years, further considered were the findings and rearing results of five other collectors and colleagues, operating here for the last decades, like: M. Kahlen (Hall i.Tirol), W. Schwienbacher (Auer), M. Egger (Innsbruck), E. Niederfriniger (Schenna) und G. v. Mörl (Brixen). In the special faunistic section, the review of each species begins with brief indications about general geographical distribution in Europe and about ecological occurrence, and continues subsequently with a mention of the former indications given by V. M. Gredler (1866). This way it is possible to obtain a direct comparison with the subsequent findings of the 20 th and beginning 21th century, respectively. 171 [182] species of Cerambycidae, belonging to 7 sub-families (4 Prioninae, 1 Vesperinae, 50 Lepturinae, 2 Necydalinae, 9 Spondylidinae, 62 Cerambycinae and 53 Lamiinae species), are considered. Of these, 171 species (with subsequent numbers) have been recorded from South-Tyrol and further 11 species (with numbers put in parenthesis) are known from neighbouring territories and presumably occur in the South- Tyrolean fauna; however, they have not yet been found here. Some further mentioned species, indicated with [00]-numbers, do not belong to the South-Tyrolean fauna. They were reported erroneously in former papers or are considered for faunistic delimitation. Keywords: Cerambycid, longhorn-beetles, taxonomy, fauna, South-Tyrol. Illustrations: 18 plates with 100 figures; bibliography: 112 references. 31 © Autonome Provinz Bozen, Abteilung Forstwirtschaft, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Cerambyciden-Fauna von Südtirol 1 Einleitung Bockkäfer (Cerambycidae) gehören neben Borken- vom Wiener Coleopterologenverein (WCV) sogar käfern (Scolytidae) und Prachtkäfern (Buprestidae) digitalisiert und ins Internet gestellt (download un- zu den bekanntesten Holzschädlingen und sind so- ter www.biologiezentrum.at). mit von forstlichem und wirtschaftlichem Interesse. Einige Jahre später war noch ein ergänzender Nach- Zudem sind Bockkäfer, ebenso wie Prachtkäfer trag erschienen (HELLRIGL 1974/75: 25 pp.); hinzu (Buprestidae), beliebte Sammel- und Studienob- kamen in der Folge noch weitere Fundergänzun- jekte, weshalb sich diese Käferfamilien großen In- gen bei PEEZ & KA H LEN 1977 sowie KA H LEN 1987. teresses bei Entomologen und Sammlern erfreuen. Zwischen 1974 und 1997 hatte Verfasser noch eine Verfasser hatte schon seit seiner Studienzeit an der Reihe weiterer Arbeiten über Cerambycidae ver- Universität für Bodenkultur in Wien, anfangs der fasst, die sich aber mehr auf Entwicklungsweise, 1960 er Jahre, begonnen sich mit dem Sammeln wirtschaftliche Bedeutung in der Forst- und Holz- und Studium der Bockkäfer zu befassen. Nach ei- wirtschaft und Variationsbreite der Färbung bezo- nigen einschlägigen Publikationen in den Jahren gen (vgl. Literaturverzeichnis). 1967 bis 1971, wurde Verf. auf Vermittlung seines Nach jahrzehntelangen Untersuchungen und Stu- Mentors Prof. Dr. E. Schimitschek (Wien) mit der dien über Bockkäfer (1964 -1986) und Prachtkäfer Aufgabe betraut, in dem von Prof. Dr. W. Schwenke (1974 -1985) sowie Borkenkäfer (1985-2002), hatte (München) herausgegebenen fündbändigen Werk sich Verfasser in den 1990 er Jahren dann mehr dem „Die Forstschädlinge Europas“, im 2. Band „Käfer Studium anderer Insekten- und Arthropodengrup- – Coleoptera“ die Bearbeitung der „Bockkäfer oder pen zugewandt, wie Hautflügler (Hymenoptera), Cerambycidae“ zu übernehmen (HELLRIGL 1974). forstliche Schmetterlinge (Lepidoptera), Raupen- Nach Abschluß des Studiums der Forstwirtschaft fliegen (Diptera), Schnabelkerfe (Rhynchota) u.a., an der Boku Wien, begann sich Verfasser Mitte der sowie der Herausgabe einer Gesamtdarstellung der 1960 er Jahre mit der Verbreitung der Bockkäfer in heimischen Fauna (1996: Die Tierwelt Südtirols). Südtirol zu befassen; dabei ging es neben faunis- Ab den 1990 er Jahren wurden die Bock- und tischen Erhebungen auch um Untersuchungen der Prachtkäfer nur mehr gelegentlich mitbeobach- Entwicklungs- und Lebensweise der Arten. tet und mitgesammelt. Anläßlich einer rezenten Vor 43 Jahren erschien dann eine erste rezente Neuordnung meiner Insektensammlungen wurde „Cerambycidenfauna Südtirols“ (HELLRIGL 1967: mir dann bewusst, dass es dringend Zeit sei, einen Koleopterolog. Rundschau Wien, Bd. 45), die ei- neuen Gesamtüberblick über die heimische Bock- nen Vergleich mit den alten klassischen Angaben käferfauna zu schaffen, in dem zusammenfassend von GREDLER (1866/68) von 100 Jahren zuvor, in und ergänzend der aktuelle Stand aufscheint. Auch dessen Werk „Die Käfer von Tirol“, ermöglichte. war eine Anpassung an die neue, seit den 1980 er Diese Cerambyciden-Fauna 1967, brachte bei 160 Jahren stark veränderte Nomenklatur der Bockkä- behandelten Arten die erforderlichen nomenklato- fer durchzuführen, auf die bereits vor 14 Jahren in rischen Aktualisierungen nebst zahlreichen neueren der „Tierwelt Südtirols“ (1996: 468) hingewiesen Fundangaben, sowie einige neue Erkenntnisse zur worden war (Abb. 1): Lebens- und Entwicklungsweise, nach Eigenbe- dort war im Kapitel „Bockkäfer-Cerambycidae“ obachtungen. Die Arbeit fand gute Aufnahme und von HELLRIGL & KA H LEN (1996: 477- 481) nochmals Beachtung und wurde in der Fachliteratur auch eine aktualisierte Checkliste mit 166 Arten publi- viel zitiert (ALLENSPAC H 1973; HORION 1974, 1975; ziert worden, mit dem Vermerk: SAMA 1988; BENSE 1995). Neuerdings wurde sie 32 © Autonome Provinz Bozen, Abteilung Forstwirtschaft, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Anmerkung: Die Nomenklatur der Cerambycidae für jede Art, sowie SAMA (1988: Cerambycidae, hat insbesondere bei der Unterfamilie Lepturinae 216 pp.) mit den Verbreitungsangaben für Italien. in neuerer Zeit durch A. VILLIERS (1974) starke Die Artenbesprechungen beginnen jeweils mit ei- Änderungen erfahren. Wir halten diese Umbe- nem Zitierblock der alten Angaben von GREDLER nennungen, die auch von SAMA (1988) in seiner (1866); dies war wichtig, um eine übersichtliche ‚Fauna d‘Italia‘ übernommen wurden, für eher Gegenüberstellung mit den anschließenden Fund- verwirrend und wenig zielführend. Dennoch soll meldungen des 20. Jahrhunderts zu erhalten. Für die hier nicht unerwähnt bleiben, dass demnach Evo- „neuzeitlichen Funde“ wurden, neben den eigenen dinus interrogationis heute ‚Brachyta‘ heißen soll, nunmehr 45 Jahre zurückreichenden Erkenntnissen weiters Acmaeops collaris - ‚Dinoptera‘, Gaurotes des Verfassers, summarisch auch die Funde und virginea - ‚Carilia‘; die bisherige Gattung Leptura Zuchtergebnisse von weiteren Tiroler Spezialisten wurde aufgelassen bzw. beschränkt sich nunmehr mit einbezogen, die alle seit Jahrzehnten in Süd- auf die früheren Strangalia-Arten (mit Ausnahme tirol sammlerisch tätig waren. Es sind dies: Man- von Pedostrangalia revestita, welche jetzt eine fred Kahlen (Hall i.Tirol), Werner Schwienbacher eigene Gattung ist). Die früheren Leptura-Arten (Auer), Manfred Egger (Innsbruck), Edmund Nie- sollen jetzt folgendermaßen heißen: Anoplodera derfriniger (Schenna) und Georg v. Mörl (Brixen). rufipes, Anoplodera sexguttata, Pseudovadonia li- Manfred KA H LEN (Hall i. Tirol) gilt als hervorra- vida, Corymbia fulva, Corymbia hybrida, Corymbia gendster Koleopterologe Tirols: zuerst als Schüler maculicornis, Corymbia rubra, Corymbia cordi- und ab Ende der 1960 er Jahre, dann engster Mit- gera, Corymbia erythroptera,Corymbia scutellata, arbeiter von ALEXANDER V. PEEZ (1903-1981), dem Anastrangalia sanguinolenta, Anastrangalia dubia, Senior der Südtiroler Käferkundler und Entomo- Anastrangalia reyi. logen, war M. Kahlen verfassender Mitautor der neuen Faunistik: „Die Käfer von Südtirol“ (PEEZ Für Osttirol hatte Dr. A. Kofler (Lienz) im Vor- & KA H LEN 1977: 525 pp.) und eines ersten Nach- jahr 2009 eine Bockkäferfaunistik verfasst, in der trages dazu (KA H LEN 1987); weiters zusammen mit 106 Arten in neuer Nomenklatur aufscheinen; K. HELLRIGL (Brixen) und W. SC H WIEN B AC H ER (Auer) ein Direktvergleich innerhalb Tirols war somit Mitverfasser der „Roten Listen der Käfer Südtirols“ gegeben. (1994: 178-301) sowie einer zusammenfassenden Bei der hier vorliegenden Neufassung der Ceram- Artenübersicht der Ordnung Käfer (Coleoptera) in bycidenfuna Südtirols hat sich gegenüber der ersten der „Tierwelt Südtirols“ (1996: 398-511). Fassung von 1967 einiges geändert. Dies begann bei K.
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