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Baseline Study for SWM in Mardan Pakistan

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Baseline Study for SWM in Mardan Pakistan Baseline Study for SWM in Mardan Pakistan September 2012 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................ 6 1.1. Background ....................................................................................... 6 1.2. Objectives ........................................................................................ 6 1.3. Study Design and Methodology................................................................. 6 2. Scope ................................................................................................... 8 2.1. Geographical Scope of Study ................................................................... 8 2.2. Mardan ............................................................................................ 8 2.3. City Statistics..................................................................................... 8 2.4. Guli Bagh (The Study Area)..................................................................... 9 3. The State of Waste in Mardan ..................................................................... 11 3.1. Situation in the City ........................................................................... 11 3.2. City Waste Composition and total waste generated ...................................... 11 2 3.3. Differentiate between categories of Solid Waste .......................................... 11 3.4. Hospital waste management ................................................................. 11 3.5. Construction Waste Management ........................................................... 11 4. Estimation of Waste generation and Composition .............................................. 12 4.1. Waste Generation ............................................................................. 12 4.2. Waste Composition ............................................................................ 12 5. Examination of Existing Waste Management and Recycling System ......................... 14 5.1. Formal Collection System ..................................................................... 14 5.1.1. Analysis of operations of Current Landfill site ............................................ 17 5.1.2. Analysis of the performance of the existing Compost Plants ............................ 17 5.2. Informal Collection System ................................................................... 17 5.2.1. Actors and Location ........................................................................... 17 5.2.2. Number and Income of Actors ............................................................... 18 5.2.3. Quantity and Price of Collected Recyclable ................................................ 18 5.2.4. Interest Group and Mafia ..................................................................... 19 5.2.5. Vegetable Market .............................................................................. 19 6. Institutional Capacity and Ongoing Initiatives .................................................. 21 7. Assessment of Community Needs ................................................................. 22 7.1. Household Level ............................................................................... 22 7.2. Municipal Level ................................................................................ 25 7.3. Market Level .................................................................................... 25 8. Identification of Possible Options for Recycling ................................................ 27 8.1. Recycling Options .............................................................................. 27 9. Information for carbon financing opportunities ................................................ 28 10. Marketing of Compost and its use in agriculture............................................. 29 11. Annexures ......................................................................................... 35 3 LIST of Tables Table 2-1: Existing scenario of Guli Bagh, Mardan .................................................... 9 Table 5-1: Budget of TMA Mardan for Waste Management 2012-2013 ............................ 14 Table 5-2: Staff Employment for waste collection .................................................. 14 Table 5-3: Staff Employment for waste Management in total ..................................... 15 Table 5-4: Equipment Involved in Waste Management .............................................. 15 Table 5-5: Characteristics of TMA Mardan Landfill site ............................................. 17 Table 5-6: Waste Recycling Actors in Mardan City .................................................. 18 Table 5-7: Existing Scenario of Vegetable Markets in Mardan ..................................... 20 Table 7-1: Results of Community needs assessment survey at house hold level ................ 22 Table 10-1: Analysis of Farmer’s questionnaire survey ............................................. 29 Table 10-2: Analysis of Fertilizer shops .............................................................. 33 List of Figures Figure 2-1: Map of Mardan, Pakistan .................................................................... 8 Figure 2-2 : Area Map of Guli Bagh ...................................................................... 9 Figure 5-1: Waste Collection Cycle in Mardan City .................................................. 16 Figure 5-2: The Process Chain for recylcleable products ........................................... 19 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste is ignored in the study area as it’s been ignored throughout the country whereas MSW management has the largest budget among the corresponding departments but it always lack skilled staff. TMA Mardan also exercises the typical model for managing and disposing waste that is done in most parts of the country which puts enormous impact on health, local and global environment, and economy results due to this poor and non scientific management of waste. This report provides consolidated data on MSW generation, collection, composition, and disposal practices in Mardan with focus on Guli Bagh. The waste generation was seen very low than what it is assumed whereas the waste characterized predominantly contains organic fraction. Analysis depicts that this waste can be converted to compost using higher volumes of waste and by the inclusion of vegetable market waste. This will increase the focus on conversion of green waste to compost and recover maximum amount of recyclables, and the marketing of compost. 5 Baseline Study for SWM in Mardan, Pakistan 1. Introduction This study marks the culmination of a Baseline study for Solid Waste Management in Mardan, Pakistan. The city was selected for piloting the project. The project work is focused on the UNESCAP and Waste Concern developed guidelines to determine the current state of SWM in this city, highlighting the Composition and Quantification of Waste generated, enormity of the issues involved and the efficiency and sufficiency, or otherwise, of current practices. This would include a detailed field study; household survey could then enable selection of Integrated Resource Recovery Center (IRRC) site, its feasibility and engineering design. 1.1. Background United Nations has been providing grant assistance and technical cooperation to Government of Pakistan (GoP) in the field of solid waste management through its Basic Services Unit. So far it has focused on capacity building of GoP partners and provision of technical support. UN-Habitat & UNESCAP recognizes that in this sector its assistance has primarily been thematic in nature with its emphasis on capacity building required for better solid waste management. The current study commissioned by UN-Habitat demonstrates its intention and efforts to enhance the nature, and size, of its assistance to achieve more effective and visible improvement in this area of public service, whose need can hardly be overemphasized. Planning an integrated assistance project hopes to take a more informed decision to identify the location of a sequence of complete interventions needed to showcase a best practice example of SWM, which could be replicated all over Pakistan. 1.2. Objectives The Terms of Reference (TORs) for this study state that it has been designed to meet the following objectives: o Estimation of Waste Generation and composition o Examination of Existing System of Waste Management and Recycling o Assessment of community needs o Identification of possible options for recycling o Information for carbon financing opportunities o Marketing of compost and its use in agriculture To achieve the above objectives the team of Consultants decided to focus on an assessment of current situation of SWM in respective cities with detailed Waste Composition and Quantification. 1.3. Study Design and Methodology: 6 Baseline Study for SWM in Mardan, Pakistan The study was meticulously designed to ensure a multi-pronged approach to a careful collection of practical dependable data and analytical comparison of SWM parameters, indicators and practices in the selected cities that could help the study achieve its stated purpose and objectives. Functionaries of the Government Officials at all tiers, from the lowest to the highest, were engaged for exchange of views and ascertainment of the actual ground realities; further to gain knowledge of current situation of SWM. The methodology adopted included, but was not limited
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