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14 DECEMBER 1995 The Dayton Peace Agreement (formally The resulting NATO-led Implementation The NATO-led operation known as the General Framework Force (IFOR) was the Alliance’s first major in Bosnia, Operation Joint Signature of the Dayton Peace Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and crisis response operation, providing a Endeavour, was NATO’s Herzegovina) was signed on 14 December multinational force of first-ever ground force Agreement in . 1995 at the Paris Peace Conference to mark 60,000 troops that was deployed on operation and its first-ever Front left: Slobodan Milošević, the cessation of hostilities that tore that 20 December 1995 for a one-year mission deployment “out of area”. Alija Izetbegović, country apart between 1992 and 1995. to provide military support for the civilian Franjo Tuđman. aspects of the Agreement. It was also the largest military Back left: Felipe Gonzalez, Reinforced by Security operation ever undertaken Bill Clinton, Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1031, the Peace by the Alliance, bringing Jacques Chirac, Helmut Kohl, Agreement outlined a key role for the together NATO and John Major and NATO in overseeing the military framework non-NATO countries in an Viktor Chernomyrdin. needed to establish security in the region. NATO Secretary General (left) and Supreme Allied unprecedented coalition for Commander Europe George Joulwan visit on peace involving 36 states. 11 January 1996

3 An American soldier has an IFOR armband put on his uniform after arriving at Sarajevo airport.

3 The NATO countries participating in IFOR were Belgium, Canada, , France, , Greece, Iceland, , , the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States.

4 Non-NATO contributing countries were Albania, 4 Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, , Jordan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Morocco, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden and Ukraine.

5 French soldier from IFOR in Sarajevo. 1

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1 The Dayton Peace Agreement and the IFOR Young boys play in the ruins of Sarajevo. mission helped usher a new era for the 2 Six days after the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement, NATO deployed a UN-mandated Alliance as new partnerships and peacekeeping (IFOR) in Bosnia and became central to NATO’s transition into Herzegovina. a post-Cold War environment.

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General George Joulwan 19 January 1996 The Supreme Allied Commander Europe, General 6 7 12 13 George Joulwan, points to a map of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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1 Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina showing the entity boundary line and IFOR divisional boundaries. 8 14

2 French NATO soldiers disarm an anti-tank mine in the district of Stup, a front-line area of Sarajevo.

3 The pontoon bridge erected over the Sava River by the US Army’s 1st Armored Division, allowing IFOR troops to cross from into Bosnia and Herzegovina. 4 10 Camp Demi - US Army post. Reconstruction of a bridge near Sipovo by UK troops. 2 3 5 11 A Ukrainian soldier providing security outside the British Royal Engineers build permanent bridges city of . clear of the water, on good foundations, to re-open the route to heavy traffic. 6 Bosnian/Serbian checkpoint in Sarajevo manned by 12 Italian troops. Cover Photo of IFOR INFORMER Vol. I, N°23 (18 December 1996) 9 7 14 An elderly woman jokes with an Italian soldier as 13 she walks by an IFOR checkpoint. A US Army sergeant prepares to change the Implementation Force acronym, IFOR, to the 8 Ukrainian checkpoint on a bridge outside Sarajevo. Stabilisation Force acronym, SFOR.

9 14 UK Armed Brigade in Sipovo Entrance of the SFOR HQ